CN102669049B - Method for breeding high quality chicken with high feather fitness degree - Google Patents
Method for breeding high quality chicken with high feather fitness degree Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding a high quality chicken with a high feather fitness degree, belonging to the field of poultry genetic breeding and reproductive technology. The breeding method comprises the following steps that: after hatching cocks are detected, selected and remained according to the conventional strain standard, when the cocks are 150 to 170 days old, the length of a main wing which is the fifth from the axial feather to wing tips is measured, the individual cock whose wing is the shortest is selected and remained, and the selecting and remaining rate is 0.9% to 2.0%; after hatching hens are selected and remained after being detected according to the conventional strain standard, the one whose quality is the best is selected and remained, the selecting and remaining rate is 9% to 26%, the pedigree is established at the ratio of cocks to hens being 1:12 to1:16 so as to breed the next generation; and after breeding for at least two generations, the high quality chicken with high feather fitness degree can be obtained. According to the method provided by the invention, only the length of the fifth main wing is measured and screened, the fifth main wing is representative, the measurement workload is reduced, the measurement result is accurate, while the chicken with the feather fitness degree is bred, the other trait breeding is also seriously carried out, so that the overall performance of the product can be improved, and the bred chicken is more competitive on the market.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to poultry genetic breeding and propagation technique field, be specifically related to the high high grade chook selection of a kind of feather degree next to the skin in poultry breeding.
Background technology
At current domestic broiler chicken, sell and still with hair chicken form, account under leading overall situation, the build appearance of chicken still has considerable influence to price.Wherein, feather degree next to the skin is to affect price and sell one of complexity very key factor.The compact individuality next to the skin of feather more gets consumer reception.Yet on market, part chicken feather degree next to the skin is very poor, has a strong impact on sale.And feather degree next to the skin is a proterties that is subject to several factors to affect, be difficult to quantification, in breeding practice, lack a kind of feather that can quantize, effective degree selection next to the skin.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above-mentioned defect of the prior art, provide a kind of feather fast and effectively degree next to the skin high high grade chook selection.Of the present invention reserve seed for planting rate all with the cock of selecting and remain or hen quantity divided by hatching cock or hen quantity, be multiplied by 100% and calculate.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
The high grade chook selection that a kind of feather degree next to the skin is high, hatching cock to be purified through build appearance, disease and after semen quality detects and select and remain, when 150th～170 age in days, measure from axial feather toward the 5th primaries length of apex of the wing number, the shortest chicken of the assistant length of selecting and remain, the final cock rate of selecting and remain is 0.5%～1.5% of hatching cock sum;
Hatching hen purifies through build appearance, disease and lays eggs after mensuration, the chicken best in quality of selecting and remain, and the rate of selecting and remain is 9%～26% of hatching hen sum, the chicken of selecting and remain is set up family by male and female proportioning 1:12～16 and carries out pedigree hatching, breeds next from generation to generation;
After at least 2 seed selections from generation to generation, obtain the high high grade chook of feather degree next to the skin.
The high grade chook selection that above-mentioned feather degree next to the skin is high, described build appearance screening programme is: body weight, shin are long, shin encloses, hair color, the colour of skin; It is dysentery characterized by white mucous stool that disease purifies test item; Semen quality test item is sperm volume, sperm concentration and vigor.For build appearance, disease purification, seminal fluid detection and the mensuration of laying eggs etc., be existing conventional detection method, can different examination criterias be set according to the kind difference of chicken.Indicate: dysentery characterized by white mucous stool is by the salmonellal communicable disease of white diarrhea.
As a kind of preferred version, in the high high grade chook selection of above-mentioned feather degree next to the skin, before setting up family, cock and hen carry out comprehensive detection again one time, comprise build appearance and premunition, Performance of Laying, the short feature of cock main wing, the individuality of the overall merit of selecting and remain optimum, the cock rate 0.9 ~ 1.5% of reserving seed for planting, the hen rate of reserving seed for planting is 8% ~ 25%.
The high grade chook selection that degree next to the skin is high, step is more specifically:
(1) early stage primary election and final election: during hatching, eliminate weak seedling, eliminate the individuality that build appearance does not meet varietal characteristic when cock 40 ~ 95 ages in days, hen 40 ~ 97 age in days, the cock rate of reserving seed for planting is 17%～38%, and the hen rate of reserving seed for planting is 56%～80%;
(2) measure: cock 70～98 ages in days mensuration body weight, shin length, shin enclose, and hen 49～84 ages in days are measured body weight, shin is long, and data are processed and chosen seeds, and the cock rate of reserving seed for planting is 7%～19%, and the hen rate of reserving seed for planting is 38%～51%;
(3) disease purifies: when cock 90 ~ 155 ages in days, hen 90 ~ 145 age in days, the index determining chicken getting off of selecting and remain is carried out to dysentery characterized by white mucous stool purification;
(4) open antenatal seed selection: hen, at 135～155 ages in days, is selected and remain according to build appearance and sexual maturity degree, and the rate of reserving seed for planting is 27%～40%;
(5) mensuration of laying eggs: on hen 140～150 ages in days, cage is laid eggs and measured until 300 ages in days, and the rate of reserving seed for planting is 9%～26%;
(6) seminal fluid detects: cock 150～165 ages in days carry out seminal fluid detection, detects sperm volume, density and vigor, and the rate of reserving seed for planting is 4.8%～11%;
(7) primaries is measured: cock 150～170 ages in days are measured from axial feather toward the 5th primaries length of apex of the wing number, the shortest individuality of primaries of selecting and remain, and the rate of reserving seed for planting is 0.9～2%;
(8) subculture is reserved seed for planting and pedigree establishment: during 305～315 age in days, the subculture best male and female chicken of combination property (build appearance, premunition, egg laying performance, main wing are short etc.) of selecting and remain, in male and female ratio, be that family is set up in 1:12～16, carry out pedigree hatching, breed next from generation to generation, this generation cock finally the rate of reserving seed for planting be 0.5%～1.5%, the hen finally rate of reserving seed for planting is 8%～25%;
(9) repeating step (1)～(8), after at least 2 seed selections from generation to generation, arrive the standard compliant high grade chook of feather degree next to the skin.
Wherein the disease of above-mentioned steps (3) purifies and preferably carries out twice: at 98 ~ 112 ages in days, male and female chicken is carried out to dysentery characterized by white mucous stool for the first time and detect; At 112 ~ 145 ages in days, male and female chicken is carried out to dysentery characterized by white mucous stool for the second time and detect.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Selection of the present invention is only chosen seeds to cock primaries and is not carried out hen primaries mensuration and can obtain good genetic progress, has greatly reduced the workload that hen is measured; Only measure the 5th primaries length from axial feather toward apex of the wing number rather than measure other primaries or all primaries (chicken has 10 primaries) length, both representative, reduced again mensuration workload; The present invention carries out primaries mensuration after adopting other appearance character having been chosen seeds when 150～170 age in days again, indirectly selects feather degree next to the skin, coq zoon now, measurement result accurately, reliable, and reduced mensuration sample content, reduce workload, raise labour efficiency; When chicken is carried out to feather degree seed selection next to the skin, do not loosen the seed selection that other proterties is comprised to premunition, product combination property is improved, have more the market competitiveness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the long measurement operation schematic diagram of high grade chook main wing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is high grade chook feather degree seed selection next to the skin schematic flow sheet.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further explain the present invention; but embodiment does not limit in any form protection scope of the present invention; to those skilled in the art, the relevant adjustment made without departing from the inventive concept of the premise improves and all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1 (N406 strain)
The present embodiment is selected the N406 strain of Guangdong Wen Shi south poultry breeding Co., Ltd, and this strain is to take the strain that the yellow chicken in Ningdu, Jiangxi three is material seed selection.
1, enter seedling: 1 age in days, young a little less than eliminating, assorted hair, white plumage individuality, enter 5600 of public seedlings, 5280 of female seedlings.
2, primary election: 45 ages in days, cock select and remain body weight large, be preced with thick, red, uprightly, the pale yellow individuality of hair color, eliminates blue or green pin individual; The superseded body weight of hen is little, partially yellow, the blue or green pin of hair color is individual, and cock is reserved seed for planting 3510, and hen is reserved seed for planting 3960.
3, final election: hen 70 ages in days, eliminate body weight little, late ripe, transition is precocious, hair color Huang and the inconsistent individuality of hair color partially, reserves seed for planting 3432; Cock 91 ages in days, the body weight of selecting and remain is large, hair color is pale yellow, tail is short and small, build reunion is individual, eliminates hat, blue or green pin, thin, the long body individuality of chest point, reserves seed for planting 1960.
4, measure: hen 77 ages in days, measure body weight, shin is long, eliminate that body weight is little, the long individuality of shin, reserve seed for planting 2640; Cock 98 ages in days, mensuration body weight, shin length, shin enclose, and superseded body weight is little, shin is not only long but also slightly individual, reserves seed for planting 840.
5, the 1st dysentery characterized by white mucous stool purifies: 112 ages in days, and male and female chicken is carried out to the 1st dysentery characterized by white mucous stool and detect, eliminate positive chicken, cock is reserved seed for planting 756, and hen is reserved seed for planting 2270.
6, hen opens antenatal seed selection: 145 ages in days, hen is opened to antenatal seed selection, eliminate sexual maturity poor, open product, the inconsistent individuality of hair color too early, 1901 of the hens of reserving seed for planting.
7, seminal fluid detects: 160 ages in days, cock is carried out to seminal fluid detection, and eliminate without essence, few essence and the poor individuality of semen quality, reserve seed for planting 616.
8, cock main wing is measured: 165 ages in days, measure the 5th (apex of the wing number from axial feather) primaries length of cock, and superseded primaries is long individual, reserves seed for planting 80.
9, the mensuration of laying eggs: during 145～300 ages in days, measure Performance of Laying, comprise egg number and the kind of laying eggs, the individuality that the egg laying performance of selecting and remain is best, reserves seed for planting 1280.
10, set up pedigree: 310 ages in days, 80 of the cocks of selecting and remain, 1280 of hens, by male and female proportioning 1:16, avoiding on the basis of sib mating, setting up new family.
11, pedigree hatching: press pedigree egg collection, hatching, hatching is 12733 altogether, and wherein cock is 6300,6433 of hens, eliminate hair color, part and do not meet varietal characteristic and weak individual 1723, are left 5470 of cocks, 5540 of hens.
12, repeat the seed selection of above-mentioned 1～11 step.
Through the seed selection of 2 generations, obtain 2400 of the satisfactory high-quality hens of feather degree next to the skin.These chicken body weight are large and even, and hair color is pale yellow consistent, and feather is next to the skin.107 1.15 kilograms of age in days average weights, long 7.0 centimetres of average shin, average shin encloses long 14.1 centimetres of 2.7 centimetres, average main wing.
Table 1 has been enumerated high grade chook strain N406 and has been adopted the effect of this invention after 2 primaries seed selections from generation to generation.
The table 1 N406 strain hen long mensuration of each generation the 5th main wing and feather degree next to the skin appraisal result unit: centimetre
| ? | The 1st from generation to generation | The 2nd from generation to generation | The 3rd from generation to generation |
| Main wing is long | 16.1±1.30 | 15.1±0.95 | 14.0±0.52 |
| Scoring | 3.2±0.12 | 3.8±0.10 | 4.7±0.09 |
Note: hen 165 ages in days, measure 50.During mensuration, by special messenger, feather degree next to the skin is marked, 1～5 minute, score value was higher, pointed out more next to the skin.
Table 1 data show, adopt after this invention, and N406 strain primaries length has obtained remarkable heredity and improved, and from the 1st generation average 16.1 centimetres have dropped to 14.0 centimetres of the 3rd Generation means, and on average each shortens 1.05 centimetres from generation to generation.Indirectly, feather degree seed selection next to the skin has obtained remarkable genetic progress.Scoring, from the 1st Generation means 3.2 minutes, rises to the 3rd Generation means 4.7 minutes, and on average each rises 0.75 minute from generation to generation.
embodiment 2 (N208 strain)
The present embodiment is selected the N208 strain of Guangdong Wen Shi south poultry breeding Co., Ltd, and this strain is to take the strain that numb chicken is material seed selection in Liuzhou.
1, enter seedling: 1 age in days, eliminate weak young bird, enter 12705 of public seedlings, 12900 of female seedlings.
2, primary election: hen 44 ages in days, eliminate body weight pin less than normal, blue or green, inferior, hair color is individual in a jumble, reserves seed for planting 11210; Cock 48 ages in days, the cock precocity (crown height, red, thick, straight) of selecting and remain, body weight is bigger than normal, hair color yellow (moderate) partially, eliminates blue or green pin, dark red, the assorted hair of hair color, body weight individuality less than normal, reserves seed for planting 6350.
3, final election: hen 48 ages in days, eliminate the individualities such as hair color is dark red, partially light, eliminate the poor individuality of crown head, reserve seed for planting 10330; Cock 68 ages in days, eliminate short hat, fall hat, the not red individuality of hat, and superseded hair color is too dark, loose random, the not plentiful individuality of dorsal body setae of feather, eliminate that build is tall and thin, pin is high, and superseded part is not yellow, the lopsided individuality of legs and feet, reserves seed for planting 3740.
4, measure: hen 49 ages in days, measure body weight, shin is long, eliminate that body weight is little, the long individuality of shin, reserve seed for planting 6550; Cock 70 ages in days, mensuration body weight, shin length, shin enclose, and superseded body weight is little, shin is not only long but also slightly individual, reserves seed for planting 1500.
5, the 1st dysentery characterized by white mucous stool purifies: 112 ages in days, and male and female chicken is carried out to the 1st dysentery characterized by white mucous stool and detect, eliminate positive chicken, cock is reserved seed for planting 1070, and hen is reserved seed for planting 5750.
6, hen opens antenatal seed selection: 150 ages in days, hen is opened to antenatal seed selection, eliminate sexual maturity poor, open product, the inconsistent individuality of hair color too early, 4000 of the hens of reserving seed for planting.
7, seminal fluid detects: 155 ages in days, cock is carried out to seminal fluid detection, and eliminate without essence, few essence and the poor individuality of semen quality, reserve seed for planting 880.
8, cock main wing is measured: 160 ages in days, measure the 5th (apex of the wing number from axial feather) primaries length of cock, and superseded primaries is long individual, reserves seed for planting 790.
9, the mensuration of laying eggs: during 150～300 ages in days, measure Performance of Laying, comprise egg number and the kind of laying eggs, the individuality that the egg laying performance of selecting and remain is best, reserves seed for planting 1200.
10, set up pedigree: 310 ages in days, 70 of cocks, 1120 of hens that the combination property of selecting and remain (build appearance, premunition, reproductive performance, main wing length) is best, by male and female proportioning 1:16, avoiding on the basis of sib mating, setting up new family.
11, pedigree hatching: press pedigree egg collection, hatching, hatching is 11100 altogether, and wherein cock is 5570,5530 of hens, eliminate hair color, part and do not meet varietal characteristic and weak individual 1010, are left 4990 of cocks, 5100 of hens.
12, repeat the seed selection of above-mentioned 1～11 step.
Through the seed selection of 2 generations, obtain 2200 of the satisfactory high-quality hens of feather degree next to the skin.These chicken body weight are large and evenly, feather golden yellow next to the skin, pin is yellow.56 1.34 kilograms of age in days average weights, long 8.2 centimetres of average shin, average shin encloses long 14.7 centimetres of 3.1 centimetres, average main wing.
Table 2 has been enumerated high grade chook strain N208 and has been adopted the effect of this invention after 2 primaries seed selections from generation to generation.
The table 2 N208 strain hen long mensuration of each generation the 5th main wing and feather degree next to the skin appraisal result unit: centimetre
| ? | The 1st from generation to generation | The 2nd from generation to generation | The 3rd from generation to generation |
| Main wing is long | 16.8±1.31 | 15.3±0.96 | 14.7±0.53 |
| Scoring | 2.9±0.11 | 3.6±0.10 | 4.5±0.09 |
Note: hen 160 ages in days, measure 50.During mensuration, by special messenger, feather degree next to the skin is marked, 1～5 minute, score value was higher, pointed out more next to the skin.
Table 2 data show, adopt after this invention, and primaries length has obtained remarkable heredity and improved, and from the 1st generation average 16.8 centimetres have dropped to 14.7 centimetres of the 3rd Generation means, and on average each shortens 1.05 centimetres from generation to generation.Indirectly, feather degree seed selection next to the skin has obtained remarkable genetic progress.Scoring, from the 1st Generation means 2.9 minutes, rises to the 3rd Generation means 4.5 minutes, and on average each rises 0.8 minute from generation to generation.
embodiment 3 (N505 strain)
The present embodiment is selected the N505 strain of Guangdong Wen Shi south poultry breeding Co., Ltd, and this strain is to take assorted 882 strains as material seed selection of Shi Qi.
1, enter seedling: 1 age in days, eliminate weak young bird, enter 6800 of public seedlings, 6700 of female seedlings.
2, primary election: hen 42 ages in days, eliminate little, the blue or green pin of body weight, light hair individuality, reserve seed for planting 5695; Cock 45 ages in days, the cock precocity (crown height, red, thick) of selecting and remain, body weight is large, pin is yellow, numb plumage, neck plumage are golden yellow, the more plentiful individuality of feather, reserves seed for planting 4080.
3, final election: hen 55 ages in days, superseded body weight is little, hair color is partially red, partially black individuality, eliminates low hat, turning, bluish white pin individuality, reserves seed for planting 4690; Cock 60 ages in days, eliminate neck, chest feather is dark brown, hair color is partially black, body weight individuality less than normal, eliminate low hat, white hat, the hat that falls individual, and the body weight of selecting and remain is large, neck plumage is golden yellow, the yellow individuality of pin, reserves seed for planting 2040.
4, measure: hen 63 ages in days, measure body weight, shin is long, eliminate that body weight is little, the long individuality of shin, reserve seed for planting 3283; Cock 70 ages in days, mensuration body weight, shin length, shin enclose, and superseded body weight is little, shin is not only long but also slightly individual, reserves seed for planting 884.
5, the 1st dysentery characterized by white mucous stool purifies: 98 ages in days, and male and female chicken is carried out to the 1st dysentery characterized by white mucous stool and detect, eliminate positive chicken, cock is reserved seed for planting 816, and hen is reserved seed for planting 2814.
6, hen opens antenatal seed selection: 140 ages in days, hen is opened to antenatal seed selection, and choose the compact light of precocity, feather, the yellow individuality of pin, 2144 of the hens of reserving seed for planting.
7, seminal fluid detects: 150 ages in days, cock is carried out to seminal fluid detection, and eliminate without essence, few essence and the poor individuality of semen quality, reserve seed for planting 544.
8, cock main wing is measured: 155 ages in days, measure the 5th (apex of the wing number from axial feather) primaries length of cock, and superseded primaries is long individual, reserves seed for planting 88.
9, the mensuration of laying eggs: during 140～300 ages in days, measure Performance of Laying, comprise egg number and the kind of laying eggs, the individuality that the egg laying performance of selecting and remain is best, reserves seed for planting 1408.
10, set up pedigree: 310 ages in days, 88 of the cocks of selecting and remain, 1408 of hens, by male and female proportioning 1:16, avoiding on the basis of sib mating, setting up new family.
11, pedigree hatching: press pedigree egg collection, hatching, hatching is 16760 altogether, and wherein cock is 8345,8415 of hens, eliminate hair color, part and do not meet varietal characteristic and weak individual 1070, are left 8000 of cocks, 7690 of hens.
12, repeat the seed selection of above-mentioned 1～11 step.
Through the seed selection of 2 generations, obtain 3300 of the satisfactory high-quality hens of feather degree next to the skin.These chickens are precocious, body weight is large and even, and feather light is next to the skin, neck plumage is golden yellow.67 1.7 kilograms of age in days average weights, long 8.0 centimetres of average shin, average shin encloses long 14.6 centimetres of 3.0 centimetres, average main wing.
Table 3 has been enumerated high grade chook strain N505 and has been adopted the effect of this invention after 2 primaries seed selections from generation to generation.
The table 3 N505 strain hen long mensuration of each generation the 5th main wing and feather degree next to the skin appraisal result unit: centimetre
| ? | The 1st from generation to generation | The 2nd from generation to generation | The 3rd from generation to generation |
| Main wing is long | 16.5±1.30 | 15.1±0.95 | 14.6±0.51 |
| Scoring | 3.0±0.12 | 3.5±0.11 | 4.5±0.1 |
Note: hen 155 ages in days, measure 50.During mensuration, by special messenger, feather degree next to the skin is marked, 1～5 minute, score value was higher, pointed out more next to the skin.
Table 3 data show, adopt after this invention, and primaries length has obtained remarkable heredity and improved, and from the 1st generation average 16.5 centimetres have dropped to 14.6 centimetres of the 3rd Generation means, and on average each shortens 0.95 centimetre from generation to generation.Indirectly, feather degree seed selection next to the skin has obtained remarkable genetic progress.Scoring, from the 1st Generation means 3.0 minutes, rises to the 3rd Generation means 4.5 minutes, and on average each rises 0.75 minute from generation to generation.
embodiment 4 (N416 strain)
The present embodiment is selected the N416 strain of Guangdong Wen Shi south poultry breeding Co., Ltd, and this strain is to take the strain that the Lingshan, Guangxi soil chicken is material seed selection.
1, enter seedling: 1 age in days, eliminate weak young bird, enter 12050 of public seedlings, 12240 of female seedlings.
2, primary election: 45 ages in days, cock select and remain crown height, red, straight, body weight is large, the black pin of black plumage (without brown, grey, pit) is individual, reserves seed for planting 6025; Select and remain precocity, large, the black plumage of body weight, black pin of hen is individual, reserves seed for planting 9165.
3, final election: hen 81 ages in days, eliminate body weight little, late ripe, build is partially thin, feather glossiness is poor, plumage look ash is brown, flower chest, pin are high individual, stays 6894; Cock 84 ages in days, eliminate hat, low hat, are preced with red degree individuality not, and superseded feather is loose disorderly, feather glossiness not, is seriously spent chest individuality, and superseded body weight is little, height chest sharp, the thick high individuality of pin, reserves seed for planting 2651.
4, measure: hen 84 ages in days, measure body weight, shin is long, eliminate that body weight is little, the long individuality of shin, reserve seed for planting 5242; Cock 91 ages in days, mensuration body weight, shin length, shin enclose, and superseded body weight is little, shin is not only long but also slightly individual, reserves seed for planting 1108.
5, the 1st dysentery characterized by white mucous stool purifies: 112 ages in days, and male and female chicken is carried out to the 1st dysentery characterized by white mucous stool and detect, eliminate positive chicken, cock is reserved seed for planting 952, and hen is reserved seed for planting 4631.
6, the 2nd dysentery characterized by white mucous stool purifies: 140 ages in days, and cock is carried out to the 2nd dysentery characterized by white mucous stool and detect, eliminate positive chicken, reserve seed for planting 771; 145 ages in days, carry out the 2nd dysentery characterized by white mucous stool to hen and detect, and eliminate positive chicken, reserve seed for planting 3774.
7, the 2nd leukemia purifies: 145 ages in days, and cock is carried out to the 2nd leukemia and detect, eliminate positive chicken, reserve seed for planting 687.
8, hen opens antenatal seed selection: 150 ages in days, hen is opened to antenatal seed selection, and eliminate the narrow individuality of pubis, 3499 of the hens of reserving seed for planting.
9, seminal fluid detects: 158 ages in days, cock is carried out to seminal fluid detection, and eliminate without essence, few essence and the poor individuality of semen quality, reserve seed for planting 651.
10, cock main wing is measured: 165 ages in days, measure the 5th (apex of the wing number from axial feather) primaries length of cock, and superseded primaries is long individual, reserves seed for planting 603.
11, the mensuration of laying eggs: during 150～300 ages in days, measure Performance of Laying, comprise egg number and the kind of laying eggs, the individuality that the egg laying performance of selecting and remain is best, reserves seed for planting 1850.
12, set up pedigree: 310 ages in days, 75 of public affairs, 1200 of hens that the combination property of selecting and remain (build appearance, premunition, reproductive performance, main wing length) is best, by male and female proportioning 1:16, avoiding on the basis of sib mating, setting up new family.
13, pedigree hatching: press pedigree egg collection, hatching, hatching is 14280 altogether, and wherein cock is 7190,7090 of hens, eliminate hair color, part and do not meet varietal characteristic and weak individual 880, are left 6710 of cocks, 6690 of hens.
14, repeat the seed selection of above-mentioned 1～13 step.
Through the seed selection of 3 generations, obtain 2830 of the satisfactory high-quality hens of feather degree next to the skin.These chickens precocious (be preced with red straight, pubis is wide), body weight is large and evenly, feather is bright, next to the skin, pin is black.107 1.45 kilograms of age in days average weights, long 7.8 centimetres of average shin, average shin encloses long 14.4 centimetres of 2.9 centimetres, average main wing.
Table 4 has been enumerated high grade chook strain N416 and has been adopted the effect of this invention after 3 primaries seed selections from generation to generation.
The table 4 N416 strain hen long mensuration of each generation the 5th main wing and feather degree next to the skin appraisal result unit: centimetre
| ? | The 1st from generation to generation | The 2nd from generation to generation | The 3rd from generation to generation | The 4th from generation to generation |
| Main wing is long | 15.9±1.29 | 15.1±0.95 | 14.4±0.50 | 14.1±0.48 |
| Scoring | 3.1±0.11 | 3.6±0.11 | 4.6±0.10 | 4.7±0.10 |
Note: hen 165 ages in days, measure 50.During mensuration, by special messenger, feather degree next to the skin is marked, 1～5 minute, score value was higher, pointed out more next to the skin.
Table 4 data show, adopt after this invention, and primaries length has obtained remarkable heredity and improved, and from the 1st generation average 15.9 centimetres have dropped to 14.1 centimetres of the 4th Generation means, and on average each shortens 0.6 centimetre from generation to generation.Indirectly, feather degree seed selection next to the skin has obtained remarkable genetic progress.Scoring, from the 1st Generation means 3.1 minutes, rises to the 3rd Generation means 4.7 minutes, and on average each rises 0.53 minute from generation to generation.
embodiment 5 (N414 strain)
The present embodiment is selected the N414 strain of Guangdong Wen Shi south poultry breeding company, and this strain is to take the strain that the yellow chicken in Guangxi three is material seed selection.
1, chick is selected: 1 age in days, superseded outward appearance does not meet varietal characteristic baby chick and weak seedling, enters altogether 14350 of public seedlings, 14100 of female seedlings.
2, primary election: 42 ages in days, the cock body weight of selecting and remain is on the upper side medium, be preced with red, upright, be of moderate size, yellowish consistent, the bright individuality next to the skin of feather of hair color, reserves seed for planting 5023 altogether; It is less than normal, inferior that hen is eliminated body weight, and partially red or grey, the blue or green pin of hair color is individual, reserves seed for planting altogether 10100.
3, final election: cock 84 ages in days, eliminate feather pine disorderly, the partially red or grey individuality of hair color, eliminates hat look not red, and crown head is too high or fall hat, and depauperation is individual, reserves seed for planting altogether 3010; Hen 93 ages in days, the plumage colour purity of selecting and remain is yellow, workprint is fine and closely woven, body weight medium bigger than normal, pin is carefully individual, reserves seed for planting 8000.
4, measure: cock 91 ages in days, mensuration body weight, shin length, shin enclose, and reserve seed for planting 1000; Hen 98 ages in days, measure body weight, reserve seed for planting 6350.
5, the 1st dysentery characterized by white mucous stool purifies: 105 ages in days, and male and female chicken is carried out to the 1st dysentery characterized by white mucous stool and detect, eliminate positive chicken, 880 of the cocks of reserving seed for planting, 5620 of hens.
6, the 2nd dysentery characterized by white mucous stool purifies: 135 ages in days, and male and female chicken is carried out to the 2nd dysentery characterized by white mucous stool and detect, eliminate positive chicken, 765 of the cocks of reserving seed for planting, 5028 of hens.
7, hen opens antenatal seed selection: 140 ages in days, hen is opened to antenatal seed selection, and eliminate the poor individuality of outward appearance build, 3400 of the hens of reserving seed for planting.
8, the 2nd leukemia purifies: 145 ages in days, and cock is carried out to the 2nd leukemia and detect, eliminate positive chicken, reserve seed for planting 725.
9, seminal fluid detects: 150 ages in days, cock is carried out to seminal fluid detection, and eliminate without essence, few essence and the poor individuality of semen quality, reserve seed for planting 690.
10, cock primaries is measured: 160 ages in days, measure the 5th (apex of the wing number from axial feather) primaries length of cock, and eliminate primaries long individual, reserve seed for planting 465.
11, the mensuration of laying eggs: during 140～300 ages in days, measure Performance of Laying, best 1280 of the egg laying performance of selecting and remain.
12, set up pedigree: according to achievement born of the same parents, estimate, by the primaries measurement result reproductive performance of the cock that gets off of selecting and remain, to leave classic 80, by male and female proportioning 1:16, avoiding setting up family on the basis of sib mating.
13, pedigree hatching: press pedigree egg collection, hatching, hatching is 22865 altogether, and wherein cock is 11400,11465 of hens, eliminate hair color, part and do not meet varietal characteristic and weak individual 3095, are left 9980 of cocks, 9790 of hens.
14, repeat the seed selection of above-mentioned 1～13 step.
Through the seed selection of 2 generations, obtain 4340 of the satisfactory high-quality hens of feather degree next to the skin.These chicken feather looks yellowish are consistent, 105 1.5 kilograms of age in days average weights, and long 7.1 centimetres of average shin, average shin encloses long 14.3 centimetres of 2.8 centimetres, average main wing.
Table 5 has been enumerated high grade chook N414 strain and has been adopted the effect of this invention after 2 primaries seed selections from generation to generation.
The table 5 N414 strain hen long mensuration of each generation the 5th main wing and feather degree next to the skin appraisal result unit: centimetre
| ? | The 1st from generation to generation | The 2nd from generation to generation | The 3rd from generation to generation |
| Main wing is long | 16.4±1.32 | 15.4±0.97 | 14.3±0.55 |
| Scoring | 3.0±0.13 | 3.9±0.11 | 4.7±0.08 |
Note: hen 160 ages in days, measure 50.During mensuration, by special messenger, feather degree next to the skin is marked, 1～5 minute, score value was higher, pointed out more next to the skin.
Table 5 data show, adopt after this invention, and primaries length has obtained remarkable heredity and improved, and from the 1st generation average 16.4 centimetres have dropped to 14.3 centimetres of the 3rd Generation means, and on average each shortens 1.05 centimetres from generation to generation.Indirectly, feather degree seed selection next to the skin has obtained remarkable genetic progress.Scoring, from the 1st Generation means 3.0 minutes, rises to the 3rd Generation means 4.7 minutes, and on average each rises 0.85 minute from generation to generation.
Claims (5)
1. the chicken selection that feather degree next to the skin is high, it is characterized in that hatching cock after build appearance, disease purification and semen quality detection are selected and remain, when 150th～170 age in days, measure from axial feather toward the 5th primaries length of apex of the wing number, the shortest individuality of the assistant length of selecting and remain, the final cock rate of selecting and remain is 0.9%～2.0% of hatching cock sum; Hatching hen purifies through build appearance, disease and lays eggs after mensuration, the individuality best in quality of selecting and remain, the rate of selecting and remain is 9%～26% of hatching hen sum, and the chicken of selecting and remain is set up family by male and female proportioning 1: 12～16 and carries out pedigree hatching, breeds next from generation to generation; After at least 2 seed selections from generation to generation, obtain the high high grade chook of feather degree next to the skin.
2. the chicken selection high according to the degree next to the skin of feather described in claim 1, is characterized in that described build appearance screening programme is: body weight, shin is long, shin encloses, hair color, the colour of skin; It is white diarrhea that disease purifies test item; Semen quality test item is sperm volume, sperm concentration and vigor.
3. the chicken selection high according to the degree next to the skin of feather described in claim 1, it is characterized in that before setting up family, cock and hen carry out comprehensive detection again one time, comprise build appearance and premunition, Performance of Laying, the short feature of cock main wing, the individuality of the overall merit of selecting and remain optimum, the cock rate 0.9 ~ 1.5% of reserving seed for planting, the hen rate of reserving seed for planting is 8% ~ 25%.
4. the high chicken selection of feather degree next to the skin, is characterized in that concrete steps are:
(1) early stage primary election and final election: during hatching, eliminate weak seedling, eliminate the individuality that build appearance does not meet varietal characteristic when cock 40 ~ 95 ages in days, hen 40 ~ 97 age in days, the cock rate of reserving seed for planting is 17%～38%, and the hen rate of reserving seed for planting is 56%～80%;
(2) measure: cock 70～98 ages in days mensuration body weight, shin length, shin enclose, hen 49～84 ages in days are measured body weight, shin is long, data are processed to the individuality best in quality of selecting and remain, the cock rate of reserving seed for planting is 7%～19%, and the hen rate of reserving seed for planting is 38%～51%;
(3) disease purifies: when cock 90 ~ 155 ages in days, hen 90 ~ 145 age in days, the index determining chicken getting off of selecting and remain is carried out to dysentery characterized by white mucous stool purification;
(4) open antenatal seed selection: hen, at 135～155 ages in days, is selected the individuality of build appearance and sexual maturity degree optimum, and the rate of reserving seed for planting is 27%～40%;
(5) mensuration of laying eggs: on hen 140～150 ages in days, cage is laid eggs and measured until 300 ages in days, the highest individuality of the egg production of selecting and remain, the rate of reserving seed for planting is 9%～26%;
(6) seminal fluid detects: cock 150～165 ages in days carry out seminal fluid detection, the individuality of the sperm volume of selecting and remain, sperm concentration and vigor optimum, and the rate of reserving seed for planting is 4.8%～11%;
(7) primaries is measured: cock 150～170 ages in days are measured from axial feather toward the 5th primaries length of apex of the wing number, the shortest individuality of primaries of selecting and remain, and the rate of reserving seed for planting is 0.9～2%;
(8) subculture is reserved seed for planting and pedigree establishment: during 305～315 age in days, the subculture best male and female chicken of combination property of selecting and remain, in male and female ratio, be 1: 12～16 establishment familys, carry out pedigree hatching, breed next from generation to generation, this generation cock finally the rate of reserving seed for planting be 0.5%～1.5%, the hen finally rate of reserving seed for planting is 8%～25%;
(9) repeating step (1)～(8), after at least 2 seed selections from generation to generation, arrive the standard compliant high grade chook of feather degree next to the skin; The described rate of reserving seed for planting is that the chicken of selecting and remain is multiplied by 100% gained divided by hatching chicken.
5. the chicken selection high according to the degree next to the skin of feather described in claim 4, the disease that it is characterized in that step (3) purifies carries out twice:
At 98 ~ 112 ages in days, male and female chicken is carried out to dysentery characterized by white mucous stool for the first time and detect;
At 112 ~ 145 ages in days, male and female chicken is carried out to dysentery characterized by white mucous stool for the second time and detect.
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| CN103329850B (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | A kind of laying hen selection and breeding method for new strain of raising breeding group based on commodity egg chicken coop |
| CN104430156A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-25 | 广东温氏食品集团股份有限公司 | Back-up breeding hen uniformity adjusting and controlling method |
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| CN108633828A (en) * | 2018-03-10 | 2018-10-12 | 凉山彝族自治州畜牧兽医科学研究所 | One stud ram morning age seed choosing method |
| CN109197777A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-15 | 南宁学院 | A kind of breeding method of high egg production sesame duck |
| CN109924167B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-07-30 | 温氏食品集团股份有限公司 | Breeding method of high-quality chickens without crown collapse |
| CN109937964B (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2021-08-13 | 广东温氏南方家禽育种有限公司 | Genetic improvement method for conversion rate of high-quality chicken feed |
| CN110432227B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-07-16 | 泉州市农业科学研究所 | Cock selecting and remaining method with high feather maturity in marketing |
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| CN113207804A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-06 | 海南绿然文昌鸡股份有限公司 | High-quality high-resistance rapid propagation chicken gene screening and combination method |
| CN114027257A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-02-11 | 许崇友 | Method for purifying leukemia of heliotropium arborescens |
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| CN1879472A (en) * | 2005-06-15 | 2006-12-20 | 广东粤禽育种有限公司 | A high-quality chicken culturing method |
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