CN105981690B - A kind of meat goose selection - Google Patents
A kind of meat goose selection Download PDFInfo
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- CN105981690B CN105981690B CN201510042263.3A CN201510042263A CN105981690B CN 105981690 B CN105981690 B CN 105981690B CN 201510042263 A CN201510042263 A CN 201510042263A CN 105981690 B CN105981690 B CN 105981690B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of meat goose selections, belong to poultry breeding method and technology field.A kind of meat goose selection, comprising the following steps: a, paternal breeding；1) determination of paternal pure breeding breeding underlying group；2) determination of paternal breeding underlying group；3) the subculture mass selection of P1 system is educated；4) paternal determination；B, maternal breeding；1) determination of maternal pure breeding breeding underlying group；2) determination of maternal breeding underlying group；3) the subculture mass selection of M1 system is educated；4) maternal determination；C, the determination of target meat goose.The selection of meat goose provided by the present invention, using modern poultry specialized strain breeding method, by the foundation of breeding of method and paternal line, it is maternal between mating hybridization, it is outstanding for kind goose reproductive performance to reach parent, the commercial generation meat goose speed of growth is fast, high survival rate, feed conversion rate are high, group's neat and consistent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to poultry breeding methods, and in particular to a kind of meat goose selection.
Background technique
China is the country that goose variety source is most in the world, but most local varieties lack systematic breeding, indigenous goose kind
Genetic resources advantage do not developed and used adequately.Although domestic in recent years obtained one in terms of meat goose breed breeding
A little achievements, but it is very few by the meat goose new varieties or breed system of national variety certification.From the point of view of the whole country, meat at present
Goose industry is quickly grown, but the improved variety level of meat goose production is still lower.Meanwhile in current feeding goose production, kind goose is numerous
Grow that performance is lower, excellent goose kind for kind of a scarce capacity, it is difficult to adapt to the needs of goose industry large-scale production.With the feeding goose in China
Production constantly develops to scale, industrialization direction, and inevitable requirement goose kind has better production performance and reproductive performance, simultaneously
Has better product quality.
Sichuan Agricultural University has begun to the cultivation work of meat goose breed system from the beginning of the nineties in last century.Start within 1991,
Hybridized using the white plumage Anser anser gander of introduction with Sichuan White Goose female goose, filial generation female goose returns with white plumage Anser anser gander again
It hands over, backcross progeny female goose is returned with white plumage Anser anser gander again, to establish the paternal line based on Anser anser blood relationship
Pure breeding breeding underlying group (is named as P system)；In addition, the individual that selection of egg production is high from Sichuan White Goose, figure is good has set up mother
It is pure breeding breeding underlying group (being named as M system)." 95 ", Tenth Five-Year Plan Period, aquatic bird seminar, Sichuan Agricultural University is to self-sufficient and strategically located region meat
The swarm robotic system breeding, mating hybridization and pilot scale that goose P system, M system have carried out multiple generations are promoted, and are completed Sichuan Province's Animal Breeding and are attacked
Pass project " self-sufficient and strategically located region meat goose strain breeding and matching technique study ", the self-sufficient and strategically located region meat goose breed system (PM) of institute's breeding passed through in 2001
Sichuan Province's variety certification, the achievement encourage second prize in 2002 Sichuan Province Nian Huo technological progresses.Self-sufficient and strategically located region meat goose breed system at that time is
Fastly with growth, the advantages that high survival rate, maternal reproductive capacity is stronger, and meat production is good, and the price of deed is high, in more than ten, whole nation provinces
Urban district is promoted and applied, and the market response is good, establishes good reputation in the goose industry producer in China.
However, the self-sufficient and strategically located region meat goose still has some shortcomings, one of them is, male parent line (P system) is containing a large amount of
European goose kind blood relationship, the speed of growth is fast, but adult weight is bigger than normal, and the breeding capacity of gander is poor, causes mating with maternal female goose
The rate of fertilization of hybridization is relatively low；Second is disadvantageous in that, paternal line adult plumage color is essentially white plumage, but when young goose goes out shell be with
Based on silver gray down (91.8%), a small amount of yellow down is existed simultaneously；Another deficiency is paternal gander and maternal female goose
In the commercial generation of mating hybridization production, there is the variegated feather individual of 10-15%, influence appearance uniformity when commercial goose is delivered for sale.
Summary of the invention
For the above the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of meat goose selections, comprising the following steps:
A, paternal breeding
1) determination of paternal pure breeding breeding underlying group: white plumage Anser anser gander is hybridized with Sichuan White Goose female goose, after hybridization
Godmother goose is returned with white plumage Anser anser gander again, and backcross progeny female goose is returned with white plumage Anser anser gander again, obtain with
Paternal breeding underlying group based on white plumage Anser anser blood relationship, is named as P system；
2) determination of paternal breeding underlying group: from P system subculture, selecting shell down is yellow, and adult plumage color is white,
Beak, shin, web portion are Chinese red, and without obvious sarcoma, the medium individual bigger than normal of weight establishes new paternal breeding underlying group, name
For P1 system；By Shanfu, this family is constituted the P1, and each this family of Shanfu performs label；In each this family of Shanfu
Body also performs label；
3) the subculture mass selection of P1 system is educated:
1. the collection of hatching egg: by the end of November to mid-January next year, the kind of identical quantity is collected from every female goose in P1 system
Egg, and record the egg production of each family and every female goose；Family number and female goose number have been marked in each hatching egg；
2. the first time breeding of P1 system subculture: the hatching egg being hatched in late January, when young goose hatching, first
Sex judging is carried out, while selecting and remain down is yellow, the individual that figure is big, physique is strong；Then all male and female young bird geese are claimed respectively
Birth weight, calculates average, and male and female young bird goose respectively eliminates the individual that birth weight is below the average, must select and remain group；It each selects and remain a
Body performs its family number and female goose number；
3. second of breeding of P1 system subculture: when selecting and remain group in 7~9 week old, select and remain first plumage color for white, beak, shin,
Web portion is Chinese red, then the individual without obvious sarcoma weighs to all individuals, gander and female goose respectively eliminate 15~
The lightest individual of 25% body；
4. the third time breeding of P1 system subculture: in mid-May, selecting and remain plumage color first as white, beak, shin, web portion are Exocarpium Citri Rubrum
Color, the individual without obvious sarcoma；Then according to the egg production of female goose in P1 system, each family 1~2 eliminated in P1 system lays eggs
Measure all offsprings of low female goose；Then from remaining individual, identical quantity is selected and remain in the subculture of each family of P1 system
The female goose of female goose mother's high egg production of the normal gander of genital development and identical quantity；The ratio of the male and female goose selected and remain
For 2:7~9；
5. the determination of the subculture group of P1 system: in mid or late August, selecting and remain identical quantity from the subculture of each family of P1 system
The outstanding, genital development of growth is normal, outstanding, high egg production the female goose of growth of gander and identical quantity that breeding power is strong,
Obtain the subculture group of P1 system；By Shanfu, this family is constituted the subculture group of the P1 system, and each this family of Shanfu performs label；Often
Individual in a this family of Shanfu also performs label；The ratio of male and female goose in the P1 subculture group is 1:4~5；Outside selecting and remain
Individual performs label as spare, progress jumpbogroup raising；
4) paternal determination: according to the breeding standard of the subculture group of P1, the breeding of 3~4 generations is carried out to the subculture of P1,
Obtained gander is paternal line；
B, maternal breeding
1) determination of maternal pure breeding breeding underlying group: from Sichuan White Goose, the individual that selection of egg production is high, figure is good, group
Maternal breeding underlying group is built, M system is named as；
2) determination of maternal breeding underlying group: selected from M system medium figure, well-developed gander and figure it is medium,
It physically well develops and the female goose of its mother's high egg production sets up maternal breeding underlying group, be named as M1 system；The M1 is by Shanfu's sheet
Family is constituted, and each this family of Shanfu and its interior individual perform label；Individual in each this family of Shanfu also performs mark
Note；
3) Systematic Breeding of M1 system:
1. the collection of hatching egg: collecting hatching egg to January next year by the end of December, every female goose collects the kind of identical quantity from M1 system
Egg, and record the egg production of each family and every female goose；Family number and female goose number have been marked in each hatching egg；
2. the first time breeding of M1 system subculture: the hatching egg is hatched in late January, every batch of young bird goose in hatching,
Sex judging is carried out first, while selecting and remain down is yellow, the individual that figure is big, physique is strong；Then to all male and female young bird geese point
Nickname birth weight, calculates average, and male and female young bird goose respectively eliminates the individual that birth weight is below the average, must select and remain group；Each choosing
Individual is stayed to perform its family number and female goose number；
3. second of breeding of M1 system subculture: when selecting and remain group in 7~9 week old, select and remain first plumage color for white, beak, shin,
Web portion is Chinese red, then the individual without obvious sarcoma weighs to all individuals, eliminates 15~25% lightest Hes of body
5~15% or so most heavy gander of weight eliminates the lightest female goose of 15~25% bodies；
4. the third time breeding of M1 system subculture: in mid-May, selecting and remain plumage color first as white, beak, shin, web portion are Exocarpium Citri Rubrum
Color, the individual without obvious sarcoma；Then according to the egg production of female goose in M1 system, 2~3 egg productions of each family in M1 system are eliminated
All offsprings of low female goose；Then from remaining individual, the life of identical quantity is selected and remain in the subculture of each family of M1 system
Grow the female goose of female goose mother's high egg production of the normotrophic gander of device and identical quantity；The ratio of the male and female goose selected and remain is
2:7~9；
5. the determination of the subculture group of M1 system: in mid or late August, selecting and remain identical quantity from the subculture of each family of M1 system
The outstanding, genital development of growth is normal, outstanding, high egg production the female goose of growth of gander and identical quantity that breeding power is strong,
Obtain the subculture group of M1；By Shanfu, this family is constituted the subculture group of the M1 system, and each this family of Shanfu performs label；Each
Individual in this family of Shanfu also performs label；The ratio of male and female goose in the M1 subculture group is 1:4~6；Select and remain outer
Body performs label as spare, progress jumpbogroup raising；
4) according to the breeding standard of the subculture group of M1 system, the choosing of 3~4 generations maternal determination: is carried out to the subculture of M1
It educates, obtained female goose is as maternal；
C, the determination of target meat goose: by step a obtain paternal line and step b obtain it is maternal hybridize, obtain target meat
Goose.
Preferably, in order to which the good of paternal kind of goose grows and outstanding breeding, in the step a step 2), each Shanfu's sheet
The ratio of male and female goose is 1:3~5 in family；Without close relative in this family of Shanfu.
Preferably, in order to record the convenience and accuracy of paternal female goose egg production, the step a step 3) step 1. in,
When recording the egg production of every female goose in P1 system, carried out in the form of manually support egg is combined with individual laying nest.
Preferably, in order to hatch simplicity when paternal hatching egg and shorten the brooding time of hatching egg, the step a step 3) step
Suddenly 2. in, hatching egg is hatched using automatic incubator.
Preferably, in order to avoid because gander rate of fertilization caused by preference of breeding it is low, while the height in order to guarantee female goose
Egg production, the step a step 3) step 5. after, further include a breeding；Female goose in the subculture group of P1 system opens postpartum
To before collecting next generation hatching egg, each family hatching egg is hatched respectively, eliminates the gander of low rate of fertilization and with from identical family
Spare gander replacement；At the beginning of 11 months, eliminate low yield female goose and with derive from identical family and laying performance of early period it is preferably spare
Female goose supplement.
Preferably, for the good growth and outstanding breeding of maternal kind of goose, the step b step 2) in, each Shanfu's sheet
The ratio of male and female goose is 1:4~6 in family；Without close relative in each family.
Preferably, in order to record the convenience and accuracy of maternal female goose egg production, the step b step 3) step 1. in,
When recording the egg production of every female goose in M1 system, carried out in the form of manually support egg is combined with individual laying nest.
Preferably, in order to hatch simplicity when maternal hatching egg and shorten the brooding time of hatching egg, the step b step 3) step
Suddenly 2. in, hatching egg is hatched using automatic incubator.
Preferably, in order to avoid because gander rate of fertilization caused by preference of breeding it is low, while the height in order to guarantee female goose
Egg production, in the step b step 3) step 5. after, further include a breeding；Female goose in the subculture group of M1 system opens postpartum
To before collecting next generation hatching egg, each family hatching egg is hatched respectively, eliminates the gander of low rate of fertilization and with from identical family
Spare gander replacement；At the beginning of 12 months, eliminate low yield female goose and with derive from identical family and laying performance of early period it is preferably spare
Female goose supplement.
Preferably, in order to open the statistical analysis of production and egg laying performance while kind of goose, the step a step 3) step 4.
With step b step 3) step 4. after, all further include step forced molting；The time of the forced molting is all by the end of May to June
Just.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it is special to use modern poultry for the selection of meat goose provided by the present invention
Change line breeding method, by the foundation of breeding of method and paternal line, it is maternal between mating hybridization so that parent's generation kind goose reproductive ability
Can be outstanding, the commercial generation meat goose speed of growth is fast, high survival rate, feed conversion rate are high, group's neat and consistent.When paternal breeding, with
Young goose birth weight, 7~9 week old weight, egg production, rate of fertilization as main standard, with young goose down plumage color, be bred as goose figure,
The presence or absence of plumage color, beak color, web color, sarcoma, gander genital development situation are specific targets to carry out breeding, so that select
Paternal gander breeding capacity is strong, and figure is larger and plentiful, and neck is compared with tubbiness, substantially without sarcoma on volume；Whole body down when young goose goes out shell
For yellow, feather is pure white after adult, and neck feather is in tufted；Beak, shin, web Chinese red (a small number of individuals are crocus).Maternal choosing
When educating, using young goose birth weight, 7~9 week old weight, egg production, rate of fertilization as main standard, using beak color, web color etc. as tool
Body index carries out breeding, so that the maternal female goose high egg production selected, figure is medium, delicate and pretty, and neck is elongated, has lesser
Crocus sarcoma；Whole body down is yellow when young goose goes out shell, whole body feather white after adult；Beak, shin, web crocus.By paternal line
The meat goose of gander and the hybridization of maternal female goose and production, whole body down is yellow when young goose goes out shell, until whole body feather is pure when 70 age in days
White, beak, shin, web portion are crocus；Variegated feather individual therein is few, and appearance when delivering for sale is very neat, commodity valence
Value is high.
Specific embodiment
To make those skilled in the art understand the production technology and technique effect of the present invention in detail, below specifically to produce
Example is further described application and the technique effect of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of meat goose selection, comprising the following steps:
A, paternal breeding
1) determination of paternal pure breeding breeding underlying group: white plumage Anser anser gander is hybridized with Sichuan White Goose female goose, after hybridization
Godmother goose is returned with white plumage Anser anser gander again, and backcross progeny female goose is returned with white plumage Anser anser gander again, obtain with
Paternal breeding underlying group based on white plumage Anser anser blood relationship, is named as P system；
2) determination of paternal breeding underlying group: from P system subculture, selecting shell down is yellow, and adult plumage color is white,
Beak, shin, web portion are Chinese red, and without obvious sarcoma, the medium individual bigger than normal of weight establishes new paternal breeding underlying group, name
For P1 system；The P1 is made of 60 Shanfu this familys, and each this family of Shanfu is made of 1 gander and 3 female gooses；Each
This family of Shanfu all performs label；Individual in each this family of Shanfu also performs label；Without close relative in this family of Shanfu；
3) the subculture mass selection of P1 system is educated:
1. the collection of hatching egg: by the end of November to mid-January next year, the kind of identical quantity is collected from every female goose in P1 system
Egg records the egg production of each family and every female goose in the form of manually support egg is combined with individual laying nest；Each kind
Family number and female goose number have been marked on egg；
2. the first time breeding of P1 system subculture: the hatching egg is hatched in late January using automatic incubator, when
When young goose hatching, Sex judging is carried out first, while selecting and remain down is yellow, the individual that figure is big, physique is strong；Then to all
Male and female young bird goose claims birth weight respectively, calculates average, and male and female young bird goose respectively eliminates the individual that birth weight is below the average, must select and remain
Group；Each selecting and remain individual performs its family number and female goose number；
3. second of breeding of P1 system subculture: when selecting and remain group in 7~9 week old, select and remain first plumage color for white, beak, shin,
Web portion is Chinese red, then the individual without obvious sarcoma weighs to all individuals, and gander and female goose respectively eliminate 15% body
Lightest individual；
4. the third time breeding of P1 system subculture: in mid-May, selecting and remain plumage color first as white, beak, shin, web portion are Exocarpium Citri Rubrum
Color, the individual without obvious sarcoma；Then according to the egg production of female goose in P1 system, 1 egg production of each family in P1 system is eliminated
All offsprings of low female goose；Then from remaining individual, the life of identical quantity is selected and remain in the subculture of each family of P1 system
Grow the female goose of female goose mother's high egg production of the normotrophic gander of device and identical quantity；The ratio of the male and female goose selected and remain is
2:7；By the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, forced molting is carried out to the individual selected and remain；
5. the determination of the subculture group of P1 system: in mid or late August, selecting and remain identical quantity from the subculture of each family of P1 system
The outstanding, genital development of growth is normal, outstanding, high egg production the female goose of growth of gander and identical quantity that breeding power is strong,
Obtain the subculture group of P1 system；By Shanfu, this family is constituted the subculture group of the P1 system, and each this family of Shanfu performs label；Often
Individual in a this family of Shanfu also performs label；The ratio of male and female goose in the P1 subculture group is 1:4；Select and remain outer individual
As spare, progress jumpbogroup raising, and perform label；Female goose in the subculture group of P1 system opens postpartum to collecting next generation kind
Before egg, each family hatching egg is hatched respectively, is eliminated the gander of low rate of fertilization and is replaced with the spare gander from identical family；11
The beginning of the month eliminates low yield female goose and with from identical family and the preferably spare female goose supplement of laying performance of early period；
4) paternal determination: according to the breeding standard of the subculture group of P1, the breeding of 3 generations is carried out to the subculture of P1, is obtained
The gander arrived is paternal line；
B, maternal breeding
1) determination of maternal pure breeding breeding underlying group: from Sichuan White Goose, the individual that selection of egg production is high, figure is good, group
Maternal breeding underlying group is built, M system is named as；
2) determination of maternal breeding underlying group: selected from M system medium figure, well-developed gander and figure it is medium,
It physically well develops and the female goose of its mother's high egg production sets up maternal breeding underlying group, be named as M1 system；The M1 is by 60 lists
Male parent family is constituted, and the ratio of male and female goose is 1:4 in each this family of Shanfu；Each this family of Shanfu and its interior individual are made
Good label；Individual in each this family of Shanfu also performs label；Without close relative in each family；
3) Systematic Breeding of M1 system:
1. the collection of hatching egg: collecting hatching egg to January next year by the end of December, every female goose collects the kind of identical quantity from M1 system
Egg records the egg production of each family and every female goose in the form of manually support egg is combined with individual laying nest；Each kind
Family number and female goose number have been marked on egg；
2. the first time breeding of M1 system subculture: the hatching egg being hatched in late January using automatic incubator, often
Young goose is criticized in hatching, first progress Sex judging, while selecting and remain down is yellow, the individual that figure is big, physique is strong；Then right
All male and female young bird geese claim birth weight respectively, calculate average, and male and female young bird goose respectively eliminates the individual that birth weight is below the average, obtains
Select and remain group；Each selecting and remain individual performs its family number and female goose number；
3. second of breeding of M1 system subculture: when selecting and remain group in 7~9 week old, select and remain first plumage color for white, beak, shin,
Web portion is Chinese red, then the individual without obvious sarcoma weighs to all individuals, eliminates body lightest 15% and weight
5% or so most heavy gander eliminates the lightest female goose of 15% body；
4. the third time breeding of M1 system subculture: in mid-May, selecting and remain plumage color first as white, beak, shin, web portion are Exocarpium Citri Rubrum
Color, the individual without obvious sarcoma；Then according to the egg production of female goose in M1 system, it is low that 2 egg productions of each family in M1 system are eliminated
Female goose all offsprings；Then from remaining individual, the reproduction of identical quantity is selected and remain in the subculture of each family of M1 system
The female goose of female goose mother's high egg production of the normotrophic gander of device and identical quantity；The ratio of the male and female goose selected and remain is 2:
7；By the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, forced molting is carried out to the individual selected and remain；
5. the determination of the subculture group of M1 system: in mid or late August, selecting and remain identical quantity from the subculture of each family of M1 system
The outstanding, genital development of growth is normal, outstanding, high egg production the female goose of growth of gander and identical quantity that breeding power is strong,
Obtain the subculture group of M1；By Shanfu, this family is constituted the subculture group of the M1 system, and each this family of Shanfu performs label；Each
Individual in this family of Shanfu also performs label；The ratio of male and female goose in the M1 subculture group is 1:4；Outer individual is selected and remain to make
It is spare, progress jumpbogroup raising, and performs label；Female goose in the subculture group of M1 system opens postpartum to collecting next generation hatching egg
Before, each family hatching egg is hatched respectively, is eliminated the gander of low rate of fertilization and is replaced with the spare gander from identical family；December
Just, low yield female goose is eliminated and with from identical family and the preferably spare female goose supplement of laying performance of early period；
4) maternal determination: according to the breeding standard of the subculture group of M1 system, the breeding of 3 generations is carried out to the subculture of M1,
Obtained female goose is as maternal；
C, the determination of target meat goose: by step a obtain paternal line and step b obtain it is maternal hybridize, obtain target meat
Goose.
Embodiment 2
A kind of meat goose selection, comprising the following steps:
A, paternal breeding
1) determination of paternal pure breeding breeding underlying group: white plumage Anser anser gander is hybridized with Sichuan White Goose female goose, after hybridization
Godmother goose is returned with white plumage Anser anser gander again, and backcross progeny female goose is returned with white plumage Anser anser gander again, obtain with
Paternal breeding underlying group based on white plumage Anser anser blood relationship, is named as P system；
2) determination of paternal breeding underlying group: from P system subculture, selecting shell down is yellow, and adult plumage color is white,
Beak, shin, web portion are Chinese red, and without obvious sarcoma, the medium individual bigger than normal of weight establishes new paternal breeding underlying group, name
For P1 system；The P1 is made of 60 Shanfu this familys, and each this family of Shanfu is made of 1 gander and 4 female gooses；Each
This family of Shanfu all performs label；Individual in each this family of Shanfu also performs label；Without close relative in this family of Shanfu；
3) the subculture mass selection of P1 system is educated:
1. the collection of hatching egg: by the end of November to mid-January next year, the kind of identical quantity is collected from every female goose in P1 system
Egg records the egg production of each family and every female goose in the form of manually support egg is combined with individual laying nest；Each kind
Family number and female goose number have been marked on egg；
2. the first time breeding of P1 system subculture: the hatching egg is hatched in late January using automatic incubator, when
When young goose hatching, Sex judging is carried out first, while selecting and remain down is yellow, the individual that figure is big, physique is strong；Then to all
Male and female young bird goose claims birth weight respectively, calculates average, and male and female young bird goose respectively eliminates the individual that birth weight is below the average, must select and remain
Group；Each selecting and remain individual performs its family number and female goose number；
3. second of breeding of P1 system subculture: when selecting and remain group in 7~9 week old, select and remain first plumage color for white, beak, shin,
Web portion is Chinese red, then the individual without obvious sarcoma weighs to all individuals, and gander and female goose respectively eliminate 20% body
Lightest individual；
4. the third time breeding of P1 system subculture: in mid-May, selecting and remain plumage color first as white, beak, shin, web portion are Exocarpium Citri Rubrum
Color, the individual without obvious sarcoma；Then according to the egg production of female goose in P1 system, 2 egg productions of each family in P1 system are eliminated
All offsprings of low female goose；Then from remaining individual, the life of identical quantity is selected and remain in the subculture of each family of P1 system
Grow the female goose of female goose mother's high egg production of the normotrophic gander of device and identical quantity；The ratio of the male and female goose selected and remain is
2:8；By the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, forced molting is carried out to the individual selected and remain；
5. the determination of the subculture group of P1 system: in mid or late August, selecting and remain identical quantity from the subculture of each family of P1 system
The outstanding, genital development of growth is normal, outstanding, high egg production the female goose of growth of gander and identical quantity that breeding power is strong,
Obtain the subculture group of P1 system；By Shanfu, this family is constituted the subculture group of the P1 system, and each this family of Shanfu performs label；Often
Individual in a this family of Shanfu also performs label；The ratio of male and female goose in the P1 subculture group is 1:4；Select and remain outer individual
As spare, progress jumpbogroup raising, and perform label；Female goose in the subculture group of P1 system opens postpartum to collecting next generation kind
Before egg, each family hatching egg is hatched respectively, is eliminated the gander of low rate of fertilization and is replaced with the spare gander from identical family；11
The beginning of the month eliminates low yield female goose and with from identical family and the preferably spare female goose supplement of laying performance of early period；
4) paternal determination: according to the breeding standard of the subculture group of P1, the breeding of 4 generations is carried out to the subculture of P1, is obtained
The gander arrived is paternal line；
B, maternal breeding
1) determination of maternal pure breeding breeding underlying group: from Sichuan White Goose, the individual that selection of egg production is high, figure is good, group
Maternal breeding underlying group is built, M system is named as；
2) determination of maternal breeding underlying group: selected from M system medium figure, well-developed gander and figure it is medium,
It physically well develops and the female goose of its mother's high egg production sets up maternal breeding underlying group, be named as M1 system；The M1 is by 60 lists
Male parent family is constituted, and the ratio of male and female goose is 1:5 in each this family of Shanfu；Each this family of Shanfu and its interior individual are made
Good label；Individual in each this family of Shanfu also performs label；Without close relative in each family；
3) Systematic Breeding of M1 system:
1. the collection of hatching egg: collecting hatching egg to January next year by the end of December, every female goose collects the kind of identical quantity from M1 system
Egg records the egg production of each family and every female goose in the form of manually support egg is combined with individual laying nest；Each kind
Family number and female goose number have been marked on egg；
2. the first time breeding of M1 system subculture: the hatching egg being hatched in late January using automatic incubator, often
Young goose is criticized in hatching, first progress Sex judging, while selecting and remain down is yellow, the individual that figure is big, physique is strong；Then right
All male and female young bird geese claim birth weight respectively, calculate average, and male and female young bird goose respectively eliminates the individual that birth weight is below the average, obtains
Select and remain group；Each selecting and remain individual performs its family number and female goose number；
3. second of breeding of M1 system subculture: when selecting and remain group in 7~9 week old, select and remain first plumage color for white, beak, shin,
Web portion is Chinese red, then the individual without obvious sarcoma weighs to all individuals, eliminates body lightest 20% and weight
10% or so most heavy gander eliminates the lightest female goose of 20% body；
4. the third time breeding of M1 system subculture: in mid-May, selecting and remain plumage color first as white, beak, shin, web portion are Exocarpium Citri Rubrum
Color, the individual without obvious sarcoma；Then according to the egg production of female goose in M1 system, it is low that 2 egg productions of each family in M1 system are eliminated
Female goose all offsprings；Then from remaining individual, the reproduction of identical quantity is selected and remain in the subculture of each family of M1 system
The female goose of female goose mother's high egg production of the normotrophic gander of device and identical quantity；The ratio of the male and female goose selected and remain is 2:
8；By the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, forced molting is carried out to the individual selected and remain；
5. the determination of the subculture group of M1 system: in mid or late August, selecting and remain identical quantity from the subculture of each family of M1 system
The outstanding, genital development of growth is normal, outstanding, high egg production the female goose of growth of gander and identical quantity that breeding power is strong,
Obtain the subculture group of M1；By Shanfu, this family is constituted the subculture group of the M1 system, and each this family of Shanfu performs label；Each
Individual in this family of Shanfu also performs label；The ratio of male and female goose in the M1 subculture group is 1:5；Outer individual is selected and remain to make
It is spare, progress jumpbogroup raising, and performs label；Female goose in the subculture group of M1 system opens postpartum to collecting next generation hatching egg
Before, each family hatching egg is hatched respectively, is eliminated the gander of low rate of fertilization and is replaced with the spare gander from identical family；December
Just, low yield female goose is eliminated and with from identical family and the preferably spare female goose supplement of laying performance of early period；
4) maternal determination: according to the breeding standard of the subculture group of M1 system, the breeding of 4 generations is carried out to the subculture of M1,
Obtained female goose is as maternal；
C, the determination of target meat goose: by step a obtain paternal line and step b obtain it is maternal hybridize, obtain target meat
Goose.
Embodiment 3
A kind of meat goose selection, comprising the following steps:
A, paternal breeding
1) determination of paternal pure breeding breeding underlying group: white plumage Anser anser gander is hybridized with Sichuan White Goose female goose, after hybridization
Godmother goose is returned with white plumage Anser anser gander again, and backcross progeny female goose is returned with white plumage Anser anser gander again, obtain with
Paternal breeding underlying group based on white plumage Anser anser blood relationship, is named as P system；
2) determination of paternal breeding underlying group: from P system subculture, selecting shell down is yellow, and adult plumage color is white,
Beak, shin, web portion are Chinese red, and without obvious sarcoma, the medium individual bigger than normal of weight establishes new paternal breeding underlying group, name
For P1 system；The P1 is made of 60 Shanfu this familys, and each this family of Shanfu is made of 1 gander and 5 female gooses；Each
This family of Shanfu all performs label；Individual in each this family of Shanfu also performs label；Without close relative in this family of Shanfu；
3) the subculture mass selection of P1 system is educated:
1. the collection of hatching egg: by the end of November to mid-January next year, the kind of identical quantity is collected from every female goose in P1 system
Egg records the egg production of each family and every female goose in the form of manually support egg is combined with individual laying nest；Each kind
Family number and female goose number have been marked on egg；
2. the first time breeding of P1 system subculture: the hatching egg is hatched in late January using automatic incubator, when
When young goose hatching, Sex judging is carried out first, while selecting and remain down is yellow, the individual that figure is big, physique is strong；Then to all
Male and female young bird goose claims birth weight respectively, calculates average, and male and female young bird goose respectively eliminates the individual that birth weight is below the average, must select and remain
Group；Each selecting and remain individual performs its family number and female goose number；
3. second of breeding of P1 system subculture: when selecting and remain group in 7~9 week old, select and remain first plumage color for white, beak, shin,
Web portion is Chinese red, then the individual without obvious sarcoma weighs to all individuals, and gander and female goose respectively eliminate 25% body
Lightest individual；
4. the third time breeding of P1 system subculture: in mid-May, selecting and remain plumage color first as white, beak, shin, web portion are Exocarpium Citri Rubrum
Color, the individual without obvious sarcoma；Then according to the egg production of female goose in P1 system, 1 egg production of each family in P1 system is eliminated
All offsprings of low female goose；Then from remaining individual, the life of identical quantity is selected and remain in the subculture of each family of P1 system
Grow the female goose of female goose mother's high egg production of the normotrophic gander of device and identical quantity；The ratio of the male and female goose selected and remain is
2:9；By the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, forced molting is carried out to the individual selected and remain；
5. the determination of the subculture group of P1 system: in mid or late August, selecting and remain identical quantity from the subculture of each family of P1 system
The outstanding, genital development of growth is normal, outstanding, high egg production the female goose of growth of gander and identical quantity that breeding power is strong,
Obtain the subculture group of P1 system；By Shanfu, this family is constituted the subculture group of the P1 system, and each this family of Shanfu performs label；Often
Individual in a this family of Shanfu also performs label；The ratio of male and female goose in the P1 subculture group is 1:5；Select and remain outer individual
As spare, progress jumpbogroup raising, and perform label；Female goose in the subculture group of P1 system opens postpartum to collecting next generation kind
Before egg, each family hatching egg is hatched respectively, is eliminated the gander of low rate of fertilization and is replaced with the spare gander from identical family；11
The beginning of the month eliminates low yield female goose and with from identical family and the preferably spare female goose supplement of laying performance of early period；
4) paternal determination: according to the breeding standard of the subculture group of P1, the breeding of 4 generations is carried out to the subculture of P1, is obtained
The gander arrived is paternal line；
B, maternal breeding
1) determination of maternal pure breeding breeding underlying group: from Sichuan White Goose, the individual that selection of egg production is high, figure is good, group
Maternal breeding underlying group is built, M system is named as；
2) determination of maternal breeding underlying group: selected from M system medium figure, well-developed gander and figure it is medium,
It physically well develops and the female goose of its mother's high egg production sets up maternal breeding underlying group, be named as M1 system；The M1 is by 60 lists
Male parent family is constituted, and the ratio of male and female goose is 1:6 in each this family of Shanfu；Each this family of Shanfu and its interior individual are made
Good label；Individual in each this family of Shanfu also performs label；Without close relative in each family；
3) Systematic Breeding of M1 system:
1. the collection of hatching egg: collecting hatching egg to January next year by the end of December, every female goose collects the kind of identical quantity from M1 system
Egg records the egg production of each family and every female goose in the form of manually support egg is combined with individual laying nest；Each kind
Family number and female goose number have been marked on egg；
2. the first time breeding of M1 system subculture: the hatching egg being hatched in late January using automatic incubator, often
Young goose is criticized in hatching, first progress Sex judging, while selecting and remain down is yellow, the individual that figure is big, physique is strong；Then right
All male and female young bird geese claim birth weight respectively, calculate average, and male and female young bird goose respectively eliminates the individual that birth weight is below the average, obtains
Select and remain group；Each selecting and remain individual performs its family number and female goose number；
3. second of breeding of M1 system subculture: when selecting and remain group in 7~9 week old, select and remain first plumage color for white, beak, shin,
Web portion is Chinese red, then the individual without obvious sarcoma weighs to all individuals, eliminates body lightest 25% and weight
15% or so most heavy gander eliminates the lightest female goose of 25% body；
4. the third time breeding of M1 system subculture: in mid-May, selecting and remain plumage color first as white, beak, shin, web portion are Exocarpium Citri Rubrum
Color, the individual without obvious sarcoma；Then according to the egg production of female goose in M1 system, it is low that 2 egg productions of each family in M1 system are eliminated
Female goose all offsprings；Then from remaining individual, the reproduction of identical quantity is selected and remain in the subculture of each family of M1 system
The female goose of female goose mother's high egg production of the normotrophic gander of device and identical quantity；The ratio of the male and female goose selected and remain is 2:
9；By the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, forced molting is carried out to the individual selected and remain；
5. the determination of the subculture group of M1 system: in mid or late August, selecting and remain identical quantity from the subculture of each family of M1 system
The outstanding, genital development of growth is normal, outstanding, high egg production the female goose of growth of gander and identical quantity that breeding power is strong,
Obtain the subculture group of M1；By Shanfu, this family is constituted the subculture group of the M1 system, and each this family of Shanfu performs label；Each
Individual in this family of Shanfu also performs label；The ratio of male and female goose in the M1 subculture group is 1:6；Outer individual is selected and remain to make
It is spare, progress jumpbogroup raising, and performs label；Female goose in the subculture group of M1 system opens postpartum to collecting next generation hatching egg
Before, each family hatching egg is hatched respectively, is eliminated the gander of low rate of fertilization and is replaced with the spare gander from identical family；December
Just, low yield female goose is eliminated and with from identical family and the preferably spare female goose supplement of laying performance of early period；
4) maternal determination: according to the breeding standard of the subculture group of M1 system, the breeding of 4 generations is carried out to the subculture of M1,
Obtained female goose is as maternal；
C, the determination of target meat goose: by step a obtain paternal line and step b obtain it is maternal hybridize, obtain target meat
Goose.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of meat goose selection, which comprises the following steps:
A, paternal breeding
1) determination of paternal pure breeding breeding underlying group: white plumage Anser anser gander is hybridized with Sichuan White Goose female goose, filial generation is female
Goose is returned with white plumage Anser anser gander again, and backcross progeny female goose is returned with white plumage Anser anser gander again, is obtained with white plumage
Paternal breeding underlying group based on Anser anser blood relationship, is named as P system；
2) determination of paternal breeding underlying group: from P system subculture, selecting shell down is yellow, and adult plumage color is white, beak,
Shin, web portion are Chinese red, and without obvious sarcoma, the medium individual bigger than normal of weight establishes new paternal breeding underlying group, is named as P1
System；By Shanfu, this family is constituted the P1, and each this family of Shanfu performs label；Individual in each this family of Shanfu
Perform label；
3) the subculture mass selection of P1 system is educated:
1. the collection of hatching egg: by the end of November to mid-January next year, the hatching egg of identical quantity is collected from every female goose in P1 system, and
Record the egg production of each family and every female goose；Family number and female goose number have been marked in each hatching egg；
2. the first time breeding of P1 system subculture: the hatching egg being hatched in late January, when young goose hatching, is carried out first
Sex judging, while selecting and remain down is yellow, the individual that figure is big, physique is strong；Then all male and female young bird geese are claimed respectively nascent
Weight, calculates average, and male and female young bird goose respectively eliminates the individual that birth weight is below the average, must select and remain group；Each select and remain individual work
Its good family number and female goose number；
3. second of breeding of P1 system subculture: when selecting and remain group in 7~9 week old, selecting and remain plumage color first as white, beak, shin, web portion
For Chinese red, then the individual without obvious sarcoma weighs to all individuals, and gander and female goose respectively eliminate 15~25% bodies
Lightest individual；
4. the third time breeding of P1 system subculture: in mid-May, selecting and remain plumage color first as white, beak, shin, web portion are Chinese red, nothing
The individual of obvious sarcoma；Then according to the egg production of female goose in P1 system, 1~2 egg production of each family eliminated in P1 system is low
Female goose all offsprings；Then from remaining individual, the reproduction of identical quantity is selected and remain in the subculture of each family of P1 system
The female goose of female goose mother's high egg production of the normotrophic gander of device and identical quantity；The ratio of the male and female goose selected and remain is 2:
7~9；
5. the determination of the subculture group of P1 system: in mid or late August, the life of identical quantity is selected and remain from the subculture of each family of P1 system
Outstanding, high egg production the female goose of growth of long gander and identical quantity outstanding, genital development is normal, breeding power is strong, obtains
The subculture group of P1 system；By Shanfu, this family is constituted the subculture group of the P1 system, and each this family of Shanfu performs label；Each list
Individual in male parent family also performs label；The ratio of male and female goose in the P1 subculture group is 1:4~5；Select and remain outer individual
As spare, progress jumpbogroup raising, and perform label；
4) paternal determination: according to the breeding standard of the subculture group of P1, the breeding of 3~4 generations is carried out to the subculture of P1, is obtained
Gander be paternal line；
B, maternal breeding
1) determination of maternal pure breeding breeding underlying group: from Sichuan White Goose, the individual that selection of egg production is high, figure is good is set up female
It is breeding underlying group, is named as M system；
2) determination of maternal breeding underlying group: medium figure, well-developed gander are selected from M system and figure is medium, development
Good and its mother's high egg production female goose sets up maternal breeding underlying group, is named as M1 system；The M1 is by this family of Shanfu
It constitutes, each this family of Shanfu and its interior individual perform label；Individual in each this family of Shanfu also performs label；
3) Systematic Breeding of M1 system:
1. the collection of hatching egg: hatching egg is collected to January next year by the end of December, every female goose collects the hatching egg of identical quantity from M1 system,
And record the egg production of each family and every female goose；Family number and female goose number have been marked in each hatching egg；
2. the first time breeding of M1 system subculture: the hatching egg being hatched in late January, every batch of young bird goose is in hatching, first
Sex judging is carried out, while selecting and remain down is yellow, the individual that figure is big, physique is strong；Then all male and female young bird geese are claimed respectively
Birth weight, calculates average, and male and female young bird goose respectively eliminates the individual that birth weight is below the average, must select and remain group；It each selects and remain a
Body performs its family number and female goose number；
3. second of breeding of M1 system subculture: when selecting and remain group in 7~9 week old, selecting and remain plumage color first as white, beak, shin, web portion
For Chinese red, then the individual without obvious sarcoma weighs to all individuals, eliminates body lightest 15~25% and weight
5~15% most heavy gander eliminates the lightest female goose of 15~25% bodies；
4. the third time breeding of M1 system subculture: in mid-May, selecting and remain plumage color first as white, beak, shin, web portion are Chinese red, nothing
The individual of obvious sarcoma；Then according to the egg production of female goose in M1 system, it is low that 2~3 egg productions of each family in M1 system are eliminated
All offsprings of female goose；Then from remaining individual, the genitals of identical quantity are selected and remain in the subculture of each family of M1 system
The female goose of female goose mother's high egg production of normotrophic gander and identical quantity；The ratio of the male and female goose selected and remain is 2:7
~9；
5. the determination of the subculture group of M1 system: in mid or late August, the life of identical quantity is selected and remain from the subculture of each family of M1 system
Outstanding, high egg production the female goose of growth of long gander and identical quantity outstanding, genital development is normal, breeding power is strong, obtains
The subculture group of M1；By Shanfu, this family is constituted the subculture group of the M1 system, and each this family of Shanfu performs label；Each Shanfu
Individual in this family also performs label；The ratio of male and female goose in the M1 subculture group is 1:4~6；Outer individual is selected and remain to make
It is spare, progress jumpbogroup raising, and performs label；
4) maternal determination: according to the breeding standard of the subculture group of M1 system, the breeding of 3~4 generations is carried out to the subculture of M1, is obtained
The female goose arrived is as maternal；
C, the determination of target meat goose: by step a obtain paternal line and step b obtain it is maternal hybridize, obtain target meat goose.
2. meat goose selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step a step 2), each Shanfu's sheet
The ratio of male and female goose is 1:3~5 in family；Without close relative in this family of Shanfu.
3. meat goose selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step a step 3) step 1. in, record
In P1 system when the egg production of every female goose, carried out in the form of manually support egg is combined with individual laying nest.
4. meat goose selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step a step 3) step 2. in, use
Automatic incubator hatches hatching egg.
5. meat goose selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step a step 3) step 5. after, also
Including a breeding；Postpartum is opened to before collecting next generation hatching egg in the female goose in the subculture group of P1 system, each family hatching egg difference
Hatching is eliminated the gander of low rate of fertilization and is replaced with the spare gander from identical family；At the beginning of 11 months, low yield female goose is eliminated simultaneously
With from identical family and the preferably spare female goose supplement of laying performance of early period.
6. meat goose selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step b step 2) in, each Shanfu's sheet
The ratio of male and female goose is 1:4~6 in family；Without close relative in each family.
7. meat goose selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step b step 3) step 1. in, record
In M1 system when the egg production of every female goose, carried out in the form of manually support egg is combined with individual laying nest.
8. meat goose selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step b step 3) step 2. in, use
Automatic incubator hatches hatching egg.
9. meat goose selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step b step 3) step 5. after, also
Including a breeding；Postpartum is opened to before collecting next generation hatching egg in the female goose in the subculture group of M1 system, each family hatching egg difference
Hatching is eliminated the gander of low rate of fertilization and is replaced with the spare gander from identical family；At the beginning of 12 months, low yield female goose is eliminated simultaneously
With from identical family and the preferably spare female goose supplement of laying performance of early period.
10. meat goose selection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step a step 3) step 4. and step
Rapid b step 3) step 4. after, all further include step forced molting；The time of the forced molting is all by the end of May at the beginning of 6 months.
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| CN106386666B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-12-03 | 饶平县浮滨丰乐狮头鹅饲养有限公司 | Original seed lion-headed goose purifies protecting method |
| CN106386688A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-15 | 重庆市畜牧科学院 | Female parent line breeding method for meat goose complete set line |
| CN107568154B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2020-07-03 | 葛洪伟 | Method for cultivating Chinese bamboo rat maternal line |
| CN107568155B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2020-07-03 | 葛洪伟 | Method for cultivating first paternal line of chinchilla |
| CN108668999A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-19 | 安徽展羽生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Southern Anhui core group protecting method |
| CN109757435A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-05-17 | 重庆市畜牧科学院 | A kind of paternal selection improving meat goose breed system reproductive performance |
| CN110036980A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-07-23 | 重庆市畜牧科学院 | A kind of selection method improving goose reproductive performance |
| CN113317275B (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-06-03 | 扬州大学 | High-collagen meat goose indirect breeding method |
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