CN110999855B - Method for breeding superfine and ultra-long down producing goat and producing high-quality raw down - Google Patents
Method for breeding superfine and ultra-long down producing goat and producing high-quality raw down Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of raw cashmere production, and particularly relates to a method for breeding superfine and ultra-long cashmere goats and producing high-quality raw cashmere. Through the general survey and identification of the cashmere goat germplasm resources, 1300 superfine and ultra-long cashmere goat populations (the fineness of the cashmere is below 14.5 mu m and the length is more than 60 mm) are established and bred in an Arashan white cashmere goat breeding field base, and the BLUP seed selection, genetic matching, embryo transplantation and other technologies are applied to accelerate the propagation and breeding improvement. 1105 high-quality stud rams with the popularization fineness of less than 14.5 mu m are cultivated, 22.1 million low-quality cashmere goats are improved, the cashmere yield and the fluff quality of the cashmere goats raised by vast herdsmen are obviously improved, higher economic benefit is obtained, and a good foundation is laid for the innovative utilization of the germplasm resources of the inner Mongolia cashmere goats.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of raw cashmere production, and particularly relates to a method for breeding superfine and ultra-long cashmere goats and producing high-quality raw cashmere.
Background
The cashmere goats are special herbivorous livestock species with self-breeding capability in China, the inner Mongolia is the first dominant production area of the quantity and the cashmere yield of the cashmere goats in China, and the excellent cashmere products are reputed at home and abroad. The 'opinion on the happy cashmere industry of the national government of the inner Mongolia autonomous region' (No. 2013, No. 74 of the interior ministry) indicates that the high-quality cashmere goat variety in the region needs to be protected, the level of the related technologies of the inner Mongolia cashmere goat and cashmere production needs to be improved, the adjustment and the optimized upgrade of the cashmere industry structure are promoted, and the leading advantages of the cashmere industry in the region across the country are continuously maintained. The difference of the production performance of the cashmere goat varieties in the inner Mongolia autonomous region is large, and the potential of mining high-quality cashmere and cashmere meat resources is large. In western main production areas such as inner Mongolia Alarasan, the fineness of part of high-quality cashmere goat resources cashmere is below 14.50 mu m, a new variety (series) of ultra-fine cashmere goats is mainly cultivated, high-end cashmere products are developed, and the cashmere goat industry is led to be developed to high-end and fine products.
The textile value and market value of cashmere are mainly determined by the fineness and length of the cashmere fibers. The cashmere with thin and long fibers and good uniformity has good heat retention and textile processing performance and high market price, and can develop an industrial chain to a high-end spinning direction. Therefore, while increasing cashmere production, attention is paid to the reduction of fiber fineness and the increase of length.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for breeding superfine and ultra-long cashmere goats and producing high-quality raw cashmere.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for breeding ultra-fine and ultra-long cashmere goats and producing high-quality raw cashmere comprises the following steps:
on the basis of general survey, identification and genetic rule analysis of the germplasm resources of the cashmere goats in a main production area of the cashmere goats, high-quality cashmere goat resources are collected, a breeding base is established, an ultra-fine cashmere goat breeding heart group is established, systematic breeding improvement is carried out for 3-5 generations through the technologies of BLUP seed selection, genetic matching, embryo transplantation, artificial insemination and the like, 1300 sheep of various types of ultra-fine ultra-long cashmere goat core group are obtained, the cashmere fineness of an adult male and female goat group is less than or equal to 14.5 mu m, the cashmere length is more than or equal to 60mm, and the cashmere yield is 500g and more than 650 g.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: 1) comprehensively recording the production performance, appearance, hybridization, pedigree and the like of all individuals of the core group cashmere goats to form complete data information so as to realize genetic evaluation and inbreeding analysis of the breeding goats;
2) selecting seeds by BLUP (best Linear inhibited prediction), utilizing an average information constraint maximum likelihood method AIREML of Wombat software, and estimating variance components and genetic parameters by using a multi-character repetitive force model; the comprehensive breeding value is the weighted sum of the individual multiple-character breeding values, and the character importance proportion of the breeding of the ultra-fine and ultra-long cashmere goats is 30% of the cashmere fineness, 20% of the cashmere length, 20% of the cashmere yield, 20% of the body weight after the cashmere grabbing and 10% of the breeding;
3) sorting main matched male sheep and reproducible female sheep in the field according to the magnitude of the comprehensive breeding value by using an LAMS (hook Ahead Mate selection) matching method, predicting the breeding value of the lambs according to a BLUP method, combining the principle of affinity matching, carrying out progressive mating for 2-3 generations, controlling the inbreeding growth speed of each generation of the population to be below 2%, controlling the inbreeding coefficient to be 6.25-12.5%, selecting a breeding scheme with high offspring breeding value and optimized affinity coefficient, achieving better breeding targets in fineness, length and down yield, and promoting excellent genes to be homozygous; meanwhile, the feeding management of inbred colonies is strengthened, once weak constitution, decline of vitality, poor growth and development and defects are found, individuals with reduced production performance are eliminated in time, and reduction of production and stress resistance performance is prevented;
4) selecting complete pedigree records, performing genetic evaluation on 5-10 most excellent male stud rams (the fineness of the rams is less than or equal to 14.5 microns, the length of the rams is more than or equal to 60mm, the yield of the rams is more than or equal to 850g, and the weight of the rams is more than or equal to 45kg), and performing genetic matching on 100 donor female studs (the fineness of the rams is less than or equal to 14.50 microns, the length of the rams is more than or equal to 60mm, the yield of the rams is more than or equal to 600g, and the weight of the rams is more than or equal to 32 kg); injecting gonadotropin to a donor ewe through a synchronous estrus and superovulation technology to induce the donor ewe to discharge more ova in one estrus than the natural situation, producing more than 500 excellent embryos with 4-8 cells each year by using a laparoscope artificial insemination and embryo transfer technology, and transferring the excellent embryos into an oviduct of a recipient ewe; selecting 5% of optimal male lambs and 30-40% of optimal female lambs from the birth weaning male lambs and female lambs to enter a core group, and conveying the other lambs to a propagation group or a production group for repeated development to breed breeding sheep meeting the standard of 'ultra-fine and ultra-long';
5) on the basis of improving the breeding of the core group ewes of the ultra-fine and ultra-long cashmere goat breeding, the light-operated cashmere increasing of the cashmere goats can be also implemented; newly building or modifying a light-operated velvet increasing shed ring to have the main functions of ventilation, temperature reduction and light intensity control, and carrying out light-operated velvet increasing feeding management within 1 day of 5 months to 10 months and 15 days every year; the method specifically refers to the local standard of inner Mongolia shed construction Specification for light-operated cashmere increasing special shed for cashmere goats (DB15/T1525-2018) and the technical specification for light-operated cashmere increasing for cashmere goats (DB 15/T1524-2018), after light-operated cashmere increasing, the fineness of the adult female cashmere of the superfine breeding core group is kept to be not more than 14.5 mu m, the cashmere length is not less than 70mm, and the cashmere yield reaches more than 600 g;
6) before the wool grabbing work in the second 4 months, according to the file record and on-site identification of the sheep flocks, the superfine breeding core group is divided into 1 year old to breed male and female wool grabbing groups and 2 years old and above adult male and female wool grabbing groups according to the age;
7) detecting the fineness and the extension length of cashmere of an individual sheep flock before grouping, wherein the fineness of the cashmere is measured according to GB 18267 cashmere, the extension length is measured according to DB 15/T1101 cashmere extension length measuring method, the fineness of the cashmere is less than or equal to 14.50 mu m, and high-quality cashmere goats with the length of the cashmere more than or equal to 60mm are subjected to fractional cashmere grabbing;
8) the cashmere grabbing personnel gather the cashmere of the shoulders and the cashmere of the sides of the sheep, gather the cashmere of the thighs and the cashmere of the backs, collect the cashmere of the abdomen separately, shake off the skin, dust and grass thorn impurities in the cashmere respectively, and then place the cashmere in a prepared appliance or stack the cashmere in a specific area in a concentrated manner;
9).
9) packaging cashmere of different parts respectively, and marking group number, ear tag number, part name and age; respectively packaging and marking the raw velvet with the fineness of less than or equal to 13.99 mu m and the fineness of 14.00-14.50 mu m according to the fineness detection result;
10) after the down grading finishing of all the goats is finished, the down graded finishing down is weighed and registered, and then is independently stored in a clean, dry and ventilated place or packaged by using a clean and breathable packaging material, so that the secondary pollution or damp of the cashmere is prevented;
11) the shoulder and body side velvet obtained by the method is superfine and super-long high-quality raw velvet, the fineness of the velvet is less than or equal to 14.5 mu m, and the straightening length reaches 60mm or the hand-pulling length is more than or equal to 50 mm; the cashmere is processed by techniques such as sorting, washing, carding by a cashmere processing enterprise such as inner Mongolia Meng cashmere actual industry Limited and the like, high-quality high-grade plush with similar quality is obtained, the fineness is less than or equal to 14.5 mu m, and the length of the hand row is more than or equal to 38 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
through the general survey and identification of the cashmere goat germplasm resources, 1300 superfine and ultra-long cashmere goat populations (the fineness of the cashmere is below 14.5 mu m and the length is more than 60 mm) are established and bred in an Arashan white cashmere goat breeding field base, and the BLUP seed selection, genetic matching, embryo transplantation and other technologies are applied to accelerate the propagation and breeding improvement. 1105 high-quality stud rams with the popularization fineness of less than 14.5 mu m are cultivated, 22.1 million low-quality cashmere goats are improved, the cashmere yield and the fluff quality of the cashmere goats raised by vast herdsmen are obviously improved, higher economic benefit is obtained, and a good foundation is laid for the innovative utilization of the germplasm resources of the inner Mongolia cashmere goats. 10 local standards of superfine and super-long cashmere goats and the like are established, and technical support is provided for cashmere goat breeding, cashmere production, market transaction and quality detection in our area. The production technology research of high-quality cashmere is developed on the basis of the breeding of superfine and ultra-long cashmere goats, high-quality raw cashmere with the fineness of 13.38 mu m and the length of 61.68mm is produced through cashmere grading and sorting, the fine-free fineness after carding is 14.2 mu m, the length of the raw cashmere is 38mm when the raw cashmere is pulled by hand, and the highest price of 102 ten thousand yuan/ton is paid in the second Alar fine wool auction in 2018, so that the economic benefit of farmers can be improved, and high-quality, safe and high-value high-end cashmere products can be produced. A perfect technical system from cashmere goat population breeding, raw cashmere production, high-end non-plush processing and product development is established, the technical breakthrough and high-quality premium price of the ultra-fine and ultra-long cashmere from laboratory sample trial production to factory batch production are realized, and the technical support is provided for the Xingxing inner Mongolian cashmere industry.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following preferred embodiments.
On the basis of general survey, identification and genetic rule analysis of quality cashmere goat resources in main producing areas of cashmere goats such as inner Mongolia AlaLap, etc., high-quality cashmere goat resources (the fineness of adult male and female goats is less than or equal to 14.5 mu m) are collected, a breeding base is established, an ultra-fine cashmere goat breeding heart group is established, and systematic breeding improvement of 3-5 generations is carried out through the technologies such as BLUP seed selection, genetic matching, embryo transplantation, artificial insemination, etc., the fineness of cashmere of each type of the ultra-fine ultra-long cashmere goat core group reaches 1300, the body fineness of adult male and female goats is less than or equal to 14.5 mu m, the length of cashmere is more than or equal to 60mm, and the cashmere yield reaches 500g and more than 650 g.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: 1) the production performance, appearance, hybridization, pedigree and the like of all individuals of the core group cashmere goats are comprehensively recorded to form complete data information, so that the genetic evaluation and inbreeding analysis of the breeding goats are realized.
Selecting seeds by BLUP (best Linear inhibited prediction), and estimating variance components and genetic parameters by using a multi-character repetitive force model by using an average information constraint maximum likelihood method (AIREML) of Wombat software; the comprehensive breeding value is the weighted sum of the individual multiple character breeding values, and the character importance proportion of the breeding of the ultra-fine and ultra-long cashmere goat is 30 percent of the fineness of the cashmere, 20 percent of the length of the cashmere, 20 percent of the yield of the cashmere, 20 percent of the weight of the cashmere after grabbing and 10 percent of the breeding.
3, sorting the main matched male sheep and the reproducible female sheep in the field according to the magnitude of the comprehensive breeding value by using an LAMS (hook Ahead Mate selection) matching method, predicting the breeding value of the lambs according to a BLUP method, carrying out progressive mating for 2-3 generations by combining the principle of affinity matching, controlling the inbreeding growth speed of each generation of the population to be below 2 percent, controlling the inbreeding coefficient to be 6.25-12.5 percent, selecting an optimized matching scheme with high offspring breeding value and proper affinity coefficient, achieving better breeding targets in fineness, length and down yield and promoting excellent genes to be homozygous. Meanwhile, the feeding management of inbred colonies is strengthened, once weak physique, decline of vitality, poor growth and development and defects are found, individuals with reduced production performance are eliminated in time, and the reduction of production and stress resistance performance is prevented.
4. Selecting complete pedigree records, performing genetic evaluation on 5-10 best breeder rams (the fineness of the cashmere is less than or equal to 14.5 mu m, the length of the cashmere is more than or equal to 60mm, the yield of the cashmere is more than or equal to 850g, and the weight of the breeder rams is more than or equal to 45kg), and performing genetic matching on 100 breeder ewes (the fineness of the cashmere is less than or equal to 14.50 mu m, the length of the cashmere is more than or equal to 60mm, the yield of the cashmere is more than or equal to 600g, and the weight of the breeder rams is more than or equal to 32 kg). Injecting gonadotropin to donor ewes through the techniques of estrus synchronization and superovulation to induce the donor ewes to discharge more ova in one estrus than in the natural condition, producing more than 500 excellent embryos with 4-8 cells each year by using the techniques of laparoscope artificial insemination and embryo transplantation, and transplanting the embryos into the oviducts of the recipient ewes. Selecting 5% of optimal male lambs and 30-40% of optimal female lambs from the birth weaning male lambs and female lambs to enter a core group, and conveying the other lambs to a propagation group or a production group for repeated development to breed the breeding sheep meeting the standard of 'ultra-fine and ultra-long'.
5. The light-operated down increasing of the down producing goats can be implemented on the basis of the improvement of the core group breeding of the ultra-fine and ultra-long down producing goats. The light-operated raising shed is newly built or reconstructed to have the main functions of ventilation, temperature reduction and light intensity control, and light-operated raising management is carried out in the period of 5 months and 1 day to 10 months and 15 days every year. The method specifically refers to the local standard of inner Mongolia in the shed building Specification for light-operated increasing of cashmere goats (DB15/T1525-2018) and the technical specification for light-operated increasing of cashmere goats (DB 15/T1524-2018), after light-operated increasing of cashmere, the fineness of the adult male and female cashmere of the superfine breeding core group is kept to be not more than 14.5 microns, the length of the cashmere is not less than 70mm, and the cashmere yield reaches 600g and more than 750 g.
6. Before the wool grabbing work in the next 4 months begins, according to the file record and on-site identification of the sheep flocks, the superfine breeding core group is divided into a male and female wool grabbing group according to the age of 1 year and an adult male and female wool grabbing group according to the age of 2 years and above.
7. The method comprises the steps of detecting the fineness and the extension length of cashmere of an individual sheep flock before grouping, wherein the fineness of the cashmere is measured according to GB 18267 cashmere, the extension length is measured according to DB 15/T1101 cashmere extension length measuring method, the fineness of the cashmere is less than or equal to 14.50 mu m, and high-quality cashmere goats with the length of the cashmere more than or equal to 60mm are subjected to fractional fleece catching.
8. The cashmere of the shoulders and the cashmere of the sides of the sheep are gathered together by a cashmere grabbing person, the cashmere of the thighs and the cashmere of the backs are gathered together, the cashmere of the abdomen is separately collected, skin scraps, dust and grass thorn impurities in the cashmere are respectively shaken off, and then the cashmere is placed in a prepared appliance or is gathered and stacked in a specific area;
9. packaging cashmere of different parts, and marking group number, ear tag number, part name and age. And respectively packaging and marking the raw velvet with the fineness of less than or equal to 13.99 mu m and the fineness of 14.00-14.50 mu m according to the fineness detection result.
10. After the graded finishing of all goat fluff is finished, the obtained graded finished fluff is separately stored in a clean, dry and ventilated place for storage or packaged by using a clean and breathable packaging material after being weighed and registered, so that the secondary pollution or damp of the cashmere is prevented.
11. The shoulder and body side velvet obtained by the method is superfine and super-long high-quality raw velvet, the fineness of the velvet is less than or equal to 14.5 mu m, and the straightening length reaches 60mm or the hand-pulling length is more than or equal to 50 mm. The cashmere is processed by techniques such as sorting, washing, carding by a cashmere processing enterprise such as inner Mongolia Meng cashmere actual industry Limited company and the like to obtain high-quality high-grade non-plush with similar quality, the fineness of which is less than or equal to 14.5 mu m, and the length of the hand row is more than or equal to 38mm
The specific embodiment is as follows: in the process of establishing and continuously implementing and perfecting the superfine breeding scheme of the Arabian white cashmere goat breeding farm in 2013, the technology of BLUP seed selection, genetic matching, embryo transplantation, artificial insemination and the like is applied to the Assanta white cashmere goat breeding farm in an assembling way, the breeding, the propagation, the fixation and the improvement of the superfine cashmere goats are accelerated, the fineness of the existing cashmere is below 14.5 mu m, the number of superfine and super-long breeding core groups with the straightening length of 6cm reaches more than 1300, and the production performance of various types of breeding goats in the farm is shown in Table 1. A main production performance statistical table of an ultra-fine and ultra-long cashmere goat breeding core group of an Alxa white cashmere goat breeding field.
Table 1.
| Class group | Number/only | Fineness of pile/mum | Thickness/cm of pile | Straightened length of pile/cm | Amount of produced fluff/g | Weight/kg of fleece after fleece grabbing |
| Adult ram | 90 | 14.29±0.43 | 5.31±0.50 | 7.34±0.62 | 656.01±123.81 | 42.70±3.40 |
| Adult ewe | 779 | 14.16±0.41 | 5.39±0.56 | 6.91±0.62 | 525.98±128.01 | 31.84±3.55 |
| Bred ram | 216 | 13.35±0.57 | 5.17±0.49 | 6.92±0.53 | 504.50±90.71 | 29.34±3.07 |
| Bred ewe | 251 | 13.27±0.55 | 5.11±0.38 | 6.83±0.39 | 438.89±70.52 | 26.63±1.50 |
In the third Grey holy land white middle white fine hair goat breed council of the AlaLap alliance in 2018, 4 and 21, 12 breeder goats are selected in the breeder field, good results of 10 awards of all four groups are obtained, and good breeding progress is achieved. Wherein: the premium prize 1 (adult ram), the first-class prize 2, the second-class prize 4, and the third-class prize 2. In recent years, 378 first-class rams with the fineness below 14 mu m and 727 first-class rams with the fineness between 14 and 14.5 mu m are bred and popularized. The artificial insemination technology is adopted to improve more than 20 million low-quality down producing goats in the project area, and the down quality of down producing goats raised by vast herdsmen is obviously improved, so that higher economic benefit is obtained.
In 2017, 200kg of high-quality raw cashmere is produced through grading and finishing of the ultra-fine and ultra-long cashmere. The fineness is 13.38 mu m, the straightening length is 61.68mm and the velvet content is 68 percent according to the detection of textile institute of Tianjin university of Industrial science.
In 2017, inner Mongolia Menggong wool industry Limited liability company is put into operation in a technical demonstration park of Arashan-constructed cashmere industry, 0.2385 tons of high-end lint with the fineness of 14.32 microns are combed on the basis of high-quality raw wool production in 2018, the length of a hand row reaches 38.6mm, the length is increased by 20%, the fiber damage rate is reduced by 50%, the impurity content in coarse fibers is reduced by 40%, the short wool rate below 20mm is reduced by 40%, the production efficiency is improved by 40%, the production energy consumption is reduced by 30%, and the yield is improved by 5%. The technical breakthrough of the ultra-fine and ultra-long plush production from laboratory sample production to factory batch production is realized. In 28 days 8 months in 2018, on the second AlLashan high-quality cashmere auction, the group of plush is at the highest bargain price of 102 ten thousand yuan/ton, which creates the precedent of high-quality and high-price cashmere in China and has milestone significance.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.
Claims (1)
1. A method for breeding superfine and ultra-long cashmere goats and producing high-quality raw cashmere is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) in a main production area of the down producing goats, comprehensively recording the production performance, appearance, hybridization and pedigree of all individuals of the core down producing goats, forming complete data information, and realizing genetic evaluation and inbreeding analysis of breeding goats;
2) BLUP, Best Linear unaged Prediction, seed selection, maximum likelihood method AIREML constrained by the average information of Wombat software, variance component and genetic parameter estimation are carried out by using a multi-character repetitive force model, the comprehensive breeding value is the weighted sum of a plurality of character breeding values of an individual, the character importance proportion of the breeding of the ultra-fine and ultra-long down goat is 30% of down fineness, 20% of down length, 20% of down yield, 20% of body weight after grabbing down and 10% of reproduction;
3) sorting main mating male sheep and reproducible female sheep in the field according to the magnitude of the comprehensive breeding value by using LAMS (laying and breeding) and a matching method, predicting the breeding value of the lambs according to a BLUP (block-based prediction) method, carrying out progressive mating for 2-3 generations by combining the principle of genetic matching, controlling the inbreeding growth speed of each generation of a population to be below 2%, controlling the inbreeding coefficient to be 6.25-12.5%, selecting a breeding scheme with high offspring breeding value and optimized genetic coefficient, achieving better breeding targets in fineness, length and down yield, and promoting excellent genes to be homozygous; meanwhile, the feeding management of inbred colonies is strengthened, once weak constitution, decline of vitality, poor growth and development and defects are found, individuals with reduced production performance are eliminated in time, and reduction of production and stress resistance performance is prevented;
4) 1300 sheep of various types in the ultra-fine and ultra-long cashmere goat core group are selected, complete pedigree records are selected, 5-10 best-quality rams are evaluated by character heredity, the fineness of the cashmere is less than or equal to 14.5 mu m, the length of the cashmere is more than or equal to 60mm, the cashmere yield is more than or equal to 850g, the weight is more than or equal to 45kg, 100 ewes are provided for breeding, the fineness of the cashmere is less than or equal to 14.0 mu m, the length of the cashmere is more than or equal to 60mm, the cashmere yield is more than or equal to 600g, and the weight is more than or equal to 32kg for genetic matching; injecting gonadotropin to a donor ewe through a synchronous estrus and superovulation technology to induce the donor ewe to discharge more ova in one estrus than the natural situation, producing more than 500 excellent embryos with 4-8 cells each year by using a laparoscope artificial insemination and embryo transfer technology, and transferring the excellent embryos into an oviduct of a recipient ewe; selecting 5% of optimal male lambs and 30-40% of optimal female lambs from the birth weaning male lambs and female lambs to enter a core group, and conveying the other lambs to a propagation group or a production group for repeated development to breed breeding sheep meeting the standard of 'ultra-fine and ultra-long';
5) implementing light-operated down increasing of the down producing goats on the basis of the improvement of core group breeding of the ultra-fine and ultra-long down producing goats; newly building or modifying a light-operated velvet increasing shed ring to ensure that the shed ring has the functions of ventilation, temperature reduction and light intensity control, and carrying out light-operated velvet increasing feeding management within 1 day at 5 months and 15 days at 10 months every year; specifically, according to local standards of inner Mongolia, namely DB15/T1525-2018, and DB 15/T1524-2018, in the local standards of light-operated shed building specifications for cashmere goats, DB15/T1525-2018, the fineness of the adult male and female cashmere of the superfine breeding core group is kept to be not more than 14.5 microns after light-operated cashmere increasing, the length of the cashmere is not less than 70mm, the cashmere yield of female goats reaches more than 600g, and the cashmere yield of male goats reaches more than 750 g;
6) before the wool grabbing work in the second 4 months begins, according to the file record and on-site identification of the sheep flocks, an ultrafine breeding core group is divided into a male and female wool grabbing group according to the age of 1 year and an adult male and female wool grabbing group according to the age of 2 years and above;
7) before grouping, detecting the fineness and the extension length of cashmere of an individual sheep flock, wherein the fineness of the cashmere is measured according to GB 18267 cashmere, the extension length is measured according to DB 15/T1101 cashmere extension length measuring method, the fineness of the cashmere is less than or equal to 14.50 mu m, and high-quality cashmere goats with the length of the cashmere more than or equal to 60mm are subjected to fractional fleece catching;
8) the cashmere of the shoulders and the cashmere of the sides of the sheep are gathered together by a cashmere grabbing person, the cashmere of the thighs and the cashmere of the backs are gathered together, the cashmere of the abdomen is separately collected, skin, dust and grass thorn impurities in the cashmere are respectively shaken off, and then the cashmere is placed in a prepared appliance or is gathered and stacked in a specific area;
9) respectively packaging cashmere of different parts, and marking group number, ear tag number, part name and age; respectively packaging and marking the raw velvet with the fineness of less than or equal to 13.99 mu m and the fineness of 14.00-14.50 mu m according to the fineness detection result;
10) after the graded finishing of all goat fluff is finished, the obtained graded finished fluff is weighed and registered, and is independently stored in a clean, dry and ventilated place or packaged by using a clean and breathable packaging material, so that the secondary pollution or damp of cashmere is prevented;
11) the shoulder and body side velvet obtained by the method is superfine and super-long high-quality raw velvet, the fineness of the velvet is less than or equal to 14.5 mu m, the straightening length reaches 60mm or the length of the stretched velvet is more than or equal to 50 mm; the cashmere is processed by processes of sorting, washing, carding by a cashmere processing enterprise and the like to obtain high-quality high-grade plush with similar quality, the fineness of no plush is less than or equal to 14.5 mu m, and the length of a hand row is more than or equal to 38 mm.
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Effective date of registration: 20230630 Address after: 017200 Khan Road, Azhen, Ijinholuo Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Patentee after: Inner Mongolia Mingai Cashmere Goat Research and Development Center Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 22 Zhaojun Road, Yuquan District, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot Patentee before: INNER MONGOLIA ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL & ANIMAL HUSBANDRY SCIENCES |