CN103229748A - Superfine wool sheep culture method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a superfine wool sheep culture method which includes that (1) a superfine wool sheep breeding core group is established; (2) superfine wool sheep culturing is performed in the core group; (3) a three-level elite breeding system with steps, namely the core group, a breeding group and a production group, is established; (4) superfine wool sheep born in the core group, the breeding group and the production group are subjected to birth, ablactation and 1.5 years old character identification and are determined whether to remain or not through the identification; (5) characters of the remained sheep are subjected to estimation in aspects of genetic parameter and multi-character combination breeding vales; (6) wool character early-stage strain selection is performed by aid of the marker-assisted selection technology; and (7) intersect-breeding is performed by combining group systematic breeding and the marker-assisted selection technology to obtain a superfine wool sheep new strain. The new stain has the advantages of good wool production performance, high reproduction rate, strong environment adaptability and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to animal varieties and cultivate technical field, relate to a kind of breeding method of animal varieties, specifically, relate to the breeding method of a kind of super fine wool sheep.
Background technology
From last century Mo wool spinning market wool fineness has been proposed requirements at the higher level, world many countries is paid attention to the production of high-quality superfine wool, and world's fine wool sheep breeding changes to thin type and ultra-fine direction.In the wool price formative factor, fineness accounts for about 80% according to the study.The Australian Australian Merino of fine wool sheep big producing country is through 200 years of development, formed the polytype that adapts to different ecological condition, the development of superfine type in recent years is very fast, and super fine wool sheep Australia that present fineness number is 80,90,100 is all bred, and produces in batches; The wool of the underproduction almost is thicker fine wool entirely, and namely fiber diameter is more than 19 μ m, and the following wool of 19 μ m increases production significantly.As 1999~2009 years, Australian superfine wool average annual growth rate reached 11%, and ultra-fine hair had increased by 1 times in nearly 2 years, and wherein the following super fine wool sheep of 18.5 μ m has increased by 3 times.
The development of China's woolen industry is very fast, and the quantity of thin type wool import is in continuous increase, and China has become maximum wool processing state and country of consumption in the world, and the consumption of China's wool 7% rises to 18% by what accounted for the world originally, and the wool import volume increases year by year.According to statistics, China's import wool was 32.65 ten thousand tons in 2009, increased by 6.53% on year-on-year basis.From 17.3 ten thousand tons of Australian import raw wools, account for 95.3% of Australia's hair total volume of exports, increase by 3.2% on year-on-year basis; From 2.93 ten thousand tons of New Zealand's import raw wools, account for 65.2% of New Zealand's hair total volume of exports, increase by 12.3% on a year-on-year basis; From 8811 tons of Uruguay's import raw wools, account for 35.13% of the uruguay wool total volume of exports, increase by 30.1% on year-on-year basis; From 1.63 ten thousand tons of South Africa import raw wools, account for 95.5% of the South African wool total volume of exports, increase by 66% on a year-on-year basis.From 6104 tons of Britain's import raw wools, account for 74.6% of the English wool total volume of exports, increase by on a year-on-year basis more than 4 times.China's import wool was about 33.34 ten thousand tons in 2010, and comparing than the same period last year increases by 2.1%, had increased nearly 800 tons than 2007, was China's the highest time of import wool yield.The domestic wool particularly degree of self-sufficiency of fine wool only is 25% to 30%, and the existing main body wool fineness of China is all in the level of 23~24 μ m, has formed tangible contrast with 80,90 of developed country main attacks and 100 kinds.
Therefore, accelerate to cultivate the thin type of China and superfine type fine wool sheep, producing high-grade wool, to satisfy the demand of domestic woolen industry imperative.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency, the breeding method of a kind of super fine wool sheep is provided.Its technical scheme is: the breeding method of a kind of super fine wool sheep may further comprise the steps:
(1) selects by the requirement of proterties such as whose body weight, wool fineness, wool length, individual clean sourced fleece weight, scouring yield, wool intensity in fine wool sheep seed selection district, require the average 90kg of body weight ram, the average 36kg of ewe; Wool length is more than the average 10cm of ram, more than the average 9cm of ewe; The average 5.0kg of clean sourced fleece weight ram, the average 2.5kg of ewe; Wool fiber diameter 18.1~19.0um; Wool intensity 5.5~7.0cn; Wool scouring yield 45~55% is set up ultra-fine sheep breeding core group;
(2) in core group, utilize traditional breeding technology binding molecule breeding technique, by superovulation and embryo transplantation (MOET), artificial insemination (AI), lamb superovulation technology (JIVET), adopt outstanding stud ram to match to the basis female flock of sheep of selecting and remain, and its offspring is measured and selects and remain;
(3) setting up with core group, reproducting herd, productive group is three grades of stock breeding systems of ladder;
(4) the super fine wool sheep to core group, reproducting herd, productive group birth is born, weans, 1.5 years old proterties identify comprehensively, is tested and appraised and determines to select and remain;
(5) the only main proterties of the sheep of selecting and remain is carried out genetic parameter, the estimation of multiple characters aggregate breeding value is in the hope of obtaining main proterties accuracy rate and availability;
(6) use the molecular marker assisted selection technology, carry out the early stage seed selection of wool proterties;
(7) carry out traversed by with colony's subculture seed selection binding molecule marker assisted selection technology and fix, obtain super fine wool sheep new lines.
Further preferred, to the selection of stud ram, realize through the following steps in the step (4):
Stud ram primary election: when wean is identified, carry out, from the ram that 2~4 tire ewes give birth to, select, carry out primary election by blood lineage and the situation of itself, the specific lobe plan of selecting and remain will have more more than one times, the blood lineage examines the three generations, to carry out the strictness examination to the father of the ram of selecting and remain, female quality especially, appearance, head dummy, angle, body weight, wool fineness, wool length, wool density, wool grease, wool bending, wool evenness, hair color, wean grade etc. are mainly seen in performance itself, require the appearance rectangle, the back of the body is straight; Head dummy is normal; Acerous; More than the body weight 25kg; Below the wool fineness 19.0um; More than the wool length 4cm; Density is normal; Oil sweat is white or milky; Be bent into macrobending; Wool fineness is even, does not have hungry horizontal; Hair white does not have dirty assorted point; More than the wean grade secondary, to strengthen cultivating to just selected ram, looked after aspect the feeding and management in later stage, and the relevant index with measurement of routine weighing, for later selecting and remain provides foundation;
Stud ram selects again: carried out in the time of 1.5 years old, mainly evaluate by the performance of itself, mainly see appearance, head dummy, body weight, wool fineness, wool length, wool density, wool grease, the wool bending, wool evenness, clip, grades etc., the standard of selection are in appearance, head dummy, wool fineness, density, oily sweat, crooked, evenness etc. are carried out according to the standard of stud ram primary election, and all the other indexs, body weight then require more than 50 kilograms, more than the wool length 10cm, more than the clip 5kg, grade is special, one-level continues to strengthen cultivating to good person, to the inferior, particularly the wool proterties changes, and grows slowly, has the fattening of serious physiognomy defect or eliminates;
Stud ram selects surely: carry out before breeding, carry out strict ranking, kind sheep after the fixed choosing can be thrown the flock mating kind by grade and apolegamy plan, as a little less than finding defective, breeding power, conception rate is low or semen quality is bad etc., then eliminate, to the ram that seed selection core group or artificial insemination are used, be strict with, carry out progeny testing or observe its offspring's quality;
Further preferred, to the selection of ewe, realize through the following steps in the step (4):
To entering the ewe of breeding core group, selection criteria is: weight average 36kg; More than the average 9cm of wool length; The average 2.5kg of clean sourced fleece weight; Wool fiber diameter 18.1~19.0um; Wool intensity 5.5~7.0cn; Wool scouring yield 45~55%, to general reproducting herd and productive group, mainly take the way of mass selection: work out the seed selection index, outstanding important character constantly stays excellent roguing, and makes colony have uniformity preferably in appearance, productivity; During annual the evaluation flock of sheep are once evaluated, eliminate bad individuality; Set up only individual archives of sheep, select the stud ram with outstanding this breediness to breed, accelerate the progress of mass selection work.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
It is good that the new lines that the breeding method of super fine wool sheep of the present invention is cultivated has the hair of producing performance, and colony's wool fineness is below 19um; More than the wool length 9cm; More than the clean sourced fleece weight 2.5kg, body weight 36kg, reproduction rate height, advantage such as accommodative ability of environment is strong.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is done explanation in further detail.
The genetic resources that relates among the present invention is the Gansu Alpine fine wool sheep, is collected in Chinese Gansu Province.
The breeding method of a kind of super fine wool sheep may further comprise the steps:
(1) sets up the breeding core group, select the average 90kg of body weight ram, the average 36kg of ewe; Below the wool fiber diameter 19.0cm; The average 10cm of wool length ram, the average 9cm of ewe; The average 5.0kg of clean sourced fleece weight ram, the average 2.5kg of ewe; Wool intensity 5.5~7.0CN; Scouring yield is more than 40%; Set up open breeding core group, the core group scale reaches more than 3000.
(2) super fine wool sheep is cultivated in the core group, in core group, utilize traditional breeding technology in conjunction with dividing in breeding technique, by MOET (superovulation and embryo transplantation), AI (artificial insemination), JIVET (lamb superovulation technology), the gene rapid diffusion of the feasible super outstanding proterties of fine wool sheep, overlap fast, accelerate colony's reproduction speed, accelerate the genetic progress of super fine wool sheep seed selection.
(3) setting up core group, reproducting herd, productive group is three grades of stock breeding systems of ladder, at different levels successively downwards or great-leap-forwards flow, upwards can only flow step by step.Introduce outstanding super fine wool sheep, cultivate super fine wool sheep.
(4) to core group, reproducting herd, the sheep of productive group birth is only identified, the registration birth weight, hair matter, hair color, grade etc., when weaning, measure a sheep appearance at three monthly ages, head dummy, the angle, body weight, wool fineness, wool length, wool density, wool grease, the wool bending, wool evenness, hair color, wean grade etc., 1.5 year is carried out individual appearance, head dummy, body weight, wool fineness, wool length, wool density, wool grease, the wool bending, wool evenness, clip, the evaluation of aspects such as grade, be tested and appraised its offspring is selected and remain and eliminates, eliminate as long as not standardized sheep is carried out strictness.
(5) to the sheep of selecting and remain on the performance test basis, use modern science and technology such as linear analogue theory, calculator, objective trait is carried out the mensuration of genetic parameter, with MBULP breeding value estimation method (mark is assisted the BLUP method), calculate the multiple characters aggregate breeding value, improve accuracy and utilization ratio that kind of sheep is selected, set up super fine wool sheep to be determined as main genetic evaluation system.
(6) on the basis to colony's performance test, use the molecular marker assisted selection technology, carry out the early stage seed selection of proterties such as wool fineness, production of wool, wool length, select ram to reserve seed for planting, ewe continues the seed selection apolegamy.
(7) traversed by that carries out ultra-fine hair flock of sheep body with colony's subculture selection-breeding method binding molecule marker assisted selection technology is fixed, and obtains super fine wool sheep new lines.
The above; only be the preferable embodiment of the present invention; protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, the simple change of the technical scheme that can obtain apparently or equivalence are replaced and are all fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the breeding method of a super fine wool sheep is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) select by the requirement of whose body weight, wool fineness, wool length, individual clean sourced fleece weight, scouring yield, wool intensity proterties in fine wool sheep seed selection district, selection criteria is the average 90kg of body weight ram, the average 36kg of ewe; Wool length is more than the average 10cm of ram, more than the average 9cm of ewe; The average 5.0kg of clean sourced fleece weight ram, the average 2.5kg of ewe; Wool fiber diameter 18.1~19.0um; Wool intensity 5.5~7.0cn; Wool scouring yield 45~55% is set up ultra-fine sheep breeding core group;
(2) in core group, utilize traditional breeding technology binding molecule breeding technique, by superovulation and embryo transplantation MOET, artificial insemination AI, lamb superovulation technology JIVET, adopt outstanding stud ram to match to the basis female flock of sheep of selecting and remain, and its offspring is measured and selects and remain;
(3) setting up with core group, reproducting herd, productive group is three grades of stock breeding systems of ladder;
(4) the super fine wool sheep to core group, reproducting herd, productive group birth is born, weans, 1.5 years old proterties identify comprehensively, is tested and appraised and determines to select and remain;
(5) the only main proterties of the sheep of selecting and remain is carried out genetic parameter, the estimation of multiple characters aggregate breeding value is in the hope of obtaining main proterties accuracy rate and availability;
(6) use the molecular marker assisted selection technology, carry out the early stage seed selection of wool proterties;
(7) carry out traversed by with colony's subculture seed selection binding molecule marker assisted selection technology and fix, obtain super fine wool sheep new lines.
2. the breeding method of super fine wool sheep according to claim 1 is characterized in that, to the selection of stud ram, realizes through the following steps in the step (4):
Stud ram primary election: when wean is identified, carry out, from the ram that 2~4 tire ewes give birth to, select, carry out primary election by blood lineage and the situation of itself, the specific lobe plan of selecting and remain will have more more than one times, the blood lineage examines the three generations, to carry out the strictness examination to the father of the ram of selecting and remain, female quality especially, appearance, head dummy, angle, body weight, wool fineness, wool length, wool density, wool grease, wool bending, wool evenness, hair color, wean grade are mainly seen in the performance of itself, and selection criteria is the appearance rectangle, the back of the body is straight; Head dummy is normal; Acerous; More than the body weight 25kg; Below the wool fineness 19.0um; More than the wool length 4cm; Density is normal; Oil sweat is white or milky; Be bent into macrobending; Wool fineness is even, does not have hungry horizontal; Hair white does not have dirty assorted point; More than the wean grade secondary, to strengthen cultivating to just selected ram, looked after aspect the feeding and management in later stage, and the relevant index with measurement of routine weighing, for later selecting and remain provides foundation;
Stud ram selects again: carried out in the time of 1.5 years old, mainly evaluate by the performance of itself, mainly see appearance, head dummy, body weight, wool fineness, wool length, wool density, wool grease, the wool bending, wool evenness, clip, grade, selection criteria are appearance, head dummy, wool fineness, density, oily sweat, crooked, evenness etc. are carried out according to the standard of stud ram primary election, and all the other indexs, body weight then require more than 50 kilograms, more than the wool length 10cm, more than the clip 5kg, grade is special, one-level continues to strengthen cultivating to good person, to the inferior, particularly the wool proterties changes, and grows slowly, has the fattening of serious physiognomy defect or eliminates;
Stud ram selects surely: carry out before breeding, carry out strict ranking, kind sheep after the fixed choosing can be thrown the flock mating kind by grade and apolegamy plan, find defective, breeding power is weak, conception rate is low or semen quality is bad, then eliminate, to the ram that seed selection core group or artificial insemination are used, be strict with, carry out progeny testing or observe its offspring's quality.
3. the breeding method of super fine wool sheep according to claim 1 is characterized in that, to the selection of ewe, realizes through the following steps in the step (4):
To entering the ewe of breeding core group, selection criteria is weight average 36kg; More than the average 9cm of wool length; The average 2.5kg of clean sourced fleece weight; Wool fiber diameter 18.1~19.0um; Wool intensity 5.5~7.0cn; Wool scouring yield 45~55%.
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Cited By (7)
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CN106719340A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 务川自治县宏牧羊业有限公司 | A kind of kind sheep selection for hybridizing Guizhou White Goat |
CN108925499A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-12-04 | 重庆市畜牧科学院 | A kind of breeding method of suede wool sheep kind sheep |
CN109090038A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-28 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species |
CN109804971A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-28 | 杨博辉 | A kind of quick breeding method based on high mountain Merino early growth traits |
CN110199948A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-06 | 云南新希望雪兰牧业科技有限公司 | Milk cow stock breeding method |
CN110999855A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-14 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Method for breeding superfine and ultra-long down producing goat and producing high-quality raw down |
CN114790483A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-07-26 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | SNP locus combination related to wool cleaning rate of fine wool sheep and application thereof |
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Cited By (9)
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CN106719340A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 务川自治县宏牧羊业有限公司 | A kind of kind sheep selection for hybridizing Guizhou White Goat |
CN108925499A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-12-04 | 重庆市畜牧科学院 | A kind of breeding method of suede wool sheep kind sheep |
CN109804971A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-28 | 杨博辉 | A kind of quick breeding method based on high mountain Merino early growth traits |
CN109804971B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2021-09-24 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | Rapid breeding method based on early growth traits of alpine merino |
CN109090038A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-28 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species |
CN110199948A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-06 | 云南新希望雪兰牧业科技有限公司 | Milk cow stock breeding method |
CN110999855A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-14 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Method for breeding superfine and ultra-long down producing goat and producing high-quality raw down |
CN110999855B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2022-04-29 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Method for breeding superfine and ultra-long down producing goat and producing high-quality raw down |
CN114790483A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-07-26 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | SNP locus combination related to wool cleaning rate of fine wool sheep and application thereof |
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