CN109804971A - A kind of quick breeding method based on high mountain Merino early growth traits - Google Patents
A kind of quick breeding method based on high mountain Merino early growth traits Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
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- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007476 Maximum Likelihood Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 241000283903 Ovis aries Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012951 Remeasurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003657 Likelihood-ratio test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000546 chi-square test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010220 Pearson correlation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012352 Spearman correlation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003975 animal breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010219 correlation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144980 herd Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quick breeding methods based on high mountain Merino early growth traits, include the following steps: that 1. identify the nascent character of high mountain Merino according to the newborn period, 2. identifying that 3. establish animal model according to the character parameter in the first step and second step to high mountain Merino wean character according to weaning stage；Carry out animal model of the model than more preferably going out to be suitble to high mountain Merino early stage each growth traits genetic parameter estimation；4. calculating the breeding integrated value I of high mountain Merino using the animal model that third step preferably goes out；5. the breeding integrated value I according to high mountain Merino early growth traits is selected and remain from high to low.The present invention passes through to early growth traits birth weight, weaning weight and wean preceding average daily gain and the wean apparent index of staple length, establish the quick breeding method of high mountain Merino early growth traits, to solve existing high mountain Merino early stage breeding problem, breeding result is more accurate and scientific.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of selections of Alpine, more particularly to one kind to be based on the early growth of high mountain Merino
The quick breeding method of shape, belongs to animal breeding and cultural technique field.
Background technique
Merino is about bred as in 15~the 17th century in Spain earliest.Different natural environments and raising pipe in each department
Under the conditions of reason, each family that is derivative and forming Merino: such as Spain's merino, French Rambouillet merino, Germany
Saxony merino, Australian merino, U.S.'s merino, South America merino and Soviet Union's merino etc..These merino races
Though the wool quality of system is slightly different, because both being from same ancestral system, heritability is stablized, and wool quality is excellent, all may be used
As high, the spinning and high-quality slubbing of middle-grade raw material.
Fine-wool sheep throughout world various regions based on merino blood lineage, wool production account for about world's production of wool three/
One, wherein Australia produces about 350,000 tons of merino hair (raw wool) per year, it is equivalent to the 40% of world's fine wool yield, is merino
The largest production state of wool and supply country.Australian merino wool can be divided by its fineness for producing hair: superfine type hair, quality
70 or more number, 18 microns of average diameter is hereinafter, 5~9 centimetres of length；Thin type hair, quality count 70~66, average diameter 18~
20 microns, 5~10 centimetres of length；Medium-sized hair, quality count 66~64,20~22 microns of average diameter, 6~11 centimetres of length；
Thick shape type hair, quality count 64~60,23~25 microns of average diameter, 6~12 centimetres of length are waited four kinds, manufactured textile fabric point
It is not suitable as medium and high classes until good dress material.
It is substantially 16 fine, soft furs cultivated in the 1950-1980 age oneself that China possesses about 30,000,000 fine-wool sheep at present
On the basis of sheep variety, according to the market demand, successively by introducing Australian Merino, South Africa Merino, German Merino
The kind containing different fine-wool sheep genes formed after equal fine-wool sheep mixing breed improvement, strain and Hybrids sheep etc., they are being mentioned
The quantity of high China's fine wool and mutton and quality meet weaving demand etc. and play an important role.
High mountain Merino new varieties are the cold non-irrigated ecotope of high mountain and the wool that world's the first adapts to height above sea level 2400-4070m
Hair meat dual-purpose type Merino new varieties of the fibre diameter based on 19.1-21.5 μm, to improve the comprehensive product of China fine-wool sheep
Matter provides outstanding germ plasm resource.
Such as the Chinese invention patent that Chinese Patent Application No. is 201310342994.0, it discloses a kind of acerous high mountain beauty
The breeding method of sharp slave sheep strain specifically discloses a kind of high with acerous Australian Merino fuzz type stud ram and acerous Gansu
Mountain fine-wool sheep kind ewe assemblies group fixes by hybridization and traversed by, obtains the acerous strain of high mountain Merino.This cultivation
The acerous new lines of high mountain Merino of method breeding are with physique is up to, wool quality is excellent, growth and development is fast, the price of deed
High advantage, be very suitable to the cold districts pastoral area such as China Gansu herd, stable breeding and Fattening in shed.But for high mountain U.S. benefit
For slave's sheep early stage breeding, the method used now is still to select and remain individual according to phenotype, and this to select and remain method more traditional
Original, empirical requirement is high, and final effect is bad.
In order to preferably play high mountain Merino one's best quality, there is an urgent need to different growth and development stage Important Economics
The genetic parameter and breeding value of character are fully assessed, and to optimize and adjust existing breeding system, carry out the breeding of group
Raising is of great significance.High mountain Merino, if its Apparent character can be based on, is established a kind of high as fine-wool sheep new varieties
The quick breeding method of mountain Merino early growth traits, will be with important market value and social value.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: in view of the above problems, provide a kind of based on the early growth of high mountain Merino
The quick breeding method of character is averagely increased day by day based on high mountain Merino early growth traits birth weight, weaning weight and before weaning
Weight and the wean apparent index of staple length, establish the quick breeding method of high mountain Merino early growth traits, existing to solve
High mountain Merino early stage breeding problem.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows: a kind of quick choosing based on high mountain Merino early growth traits
Method is educated, is included the following steps:
The first step was identified high mountain Merino character of coming into being according to the newborn period, in which: nascent character includes
Litter weight at birth, nascent type and gender；
Second step is identified high mountain Merino wean character according to weaning stage, in which: wean character includes
Average daily gain before weanling weight, wean staple length, fineness number, oil blushing with shame color, bending frequency, angle-style, level evaluation and wean；
Third step establishes animal model according to the character parameter in the first step and second step；Model comparison is carried out, is preferably gone out
It is suitble to the animal model of high mountain Merino early stage each growth traits genetic parameter estimation；
4th step calculates the breeding integrated value I of high mountain Merino using the animal model that third step preferably goes out；I=∑
(0.3P1+0.3P2+0.3P3+0.1P4), wherein the parameter 0.3 in 0.3P1 is high mountain Merino birth weight character weighting system
Number, P1 are the estimated breeding value of high mountain Merino birth weight character；Parameter 0.3 in 0.3P2 is the wean of high mountain Merino
Principal characteristic shape weighting coefficient, P2 are the estimated breeding value of high mountain Merino weaning weight character；Parameter in 0.3P3 is high mountain U.S. benefit
Average daily gain character weighting coefficient before slave sheep is weaned, P3 are that the estimation of average daily gain character before high mountain Merino weans is educated
Kind value；Parameter 0.1 in 0.1P4 is high mountain Merino wean staple length character weighting coefficient, and P4 is the wean of high mountain Merino
The estimated breeding value of staple length character；
5th step, according to the quantity to be selected and remain, according to high mountain Merino early growth traits breeding integrated value I from
It is high to Low to be selected and remain.
As further preferred: in step 1,
Litter weight at birth: nascent remeasurement, measurement unit kg, essence are carried out in nascent 24 hours to the lamb for participating in identification
Really arrive 0.1kg；
Nascent type: record one tire of ewe birth lamb number, single lamb are denoted as S, and twin lamb(s) or three lambs are denoted as T；
Gender: recording the gender of every lamb, and public lamb is denoted as 1, and ewe lamb is denoted as 2.
As further preferred: in step 2,
Weanling weight: only weighing live-weight to all sheep for participating in identification, the weighing time be after empty stomach morning weigh, weighing with
Kg is measurement unit, is accurate to 0.1kg；
Wean staple length: the measurement of side staple length is unified on the left of sheep in the middle part of side, i.e., measures at one palm of omoplate rear, measurement
When along scopular nature measure its length, digit three is accurate to 0.5cm into two houses, measurement unit cm；
Fineness number: it takes a small amount of wool fibre to measure its fineness at the position of measurement staple length, is indicated with number, used at the scene
Control galley proof fineness sample ocular estimate, 80: wool fiber diameter≤19 μm；70: 19 μm≤wool fiber diameter≤20 μm；
66: 20 μm≤wool fiber diameter≤21.5 μm；64: 21.5 μm≤wool fiber diameter≤23 μm；64: wool fiber
Diameter >=23 μm；
Level evaluation: the individual for meeting index comprehensively requires are as follows: and head dummy is normal, and staple length reaches 3.5cm, more than density is medium,
Body body raw homogeneity fine, soft fur or float hair on a small quantity, coat is pure white, and constitution is solid, physically well develops, and weight reaches 22kg, and integrated quality is good,
It is determined as level-one；Meet the individual of index, weight reaches 20kg, and integrated quality is preferable, is determined as second level；Substantially conform to of index
Body, weight reach 18kg, and integrated quality is general, is determined as three-level；The individual of index is not met, weight is less than 18kg, integrated quality
Difference is determined as level Four；
Average daily gain before weaning: subtracting litter weight at birth according to weanling weight, divided by the number of days from birth to wean, metering
Unit is kg, is accurate to 0.001kg.
As further preferred, in step 2, wean character further includes oil blushing with shame color, bending frequency and angle-style.
As further preferred: in step 3, establishing animal model according to the character parameter in the first step and second step
Method are as follows: establish the unisexuality shape animal model of following high four mountains Merino early growth traits:
1. y=X β+Za+e；
2. y=X β+Za+Wm+e；
3. y=X β+Za+Vp+e；
4. y=X β+Za+Wm+Vp+e；
In formula, y: the observation vector of each character；β: fixed effect；A: individual additive genetic effect；M: maternal inheritance effect
It answers；P: the permanent environmental effect of individual；E: residual error effect vector；X: fixed effect；Z: individual additive genetic effect；V: individual is permanent
Environmental effect；W: the structure matrix of maternal genetic effect.
As further preferred: in step 3, model compares: by AIC and likelihood ratio LRT to four different animals moulds
The optimal animal model of estimation early growth traits is sifted out in the inspection of type estimation effect；
The wherein calculation formula of AIC information index: AIC=2k-2LogL, LogL maximum likelihood function value in formula, k is to need
The number of parameters to be estimated；AIC information criterion can reflect influence of the number of parameters for needing to estimate in model to estimation effect, when
When selecting best model from a group model, the smallest model of AIC is selected, the effect of model variance component estimate is better at this time.
The superiority and inferiority of more different models, test statistics are examined using likelihood ratio LRT are as follows:
Wherein, LR is likelihood
Ratio, LMAX| model 1 and LMAX| model 2 is the maximum likelihood function value under two different models respectively, and model 1 is model 2
Submodel, and LR obeys chi square distribution, and freedom degree is the number of parameters estimated in model 2 and the parameter estimated in model 1
The difference of number；If Chi-square Test result difference is significant, illustrates that the increased parameter character has and significantly affect, otherwise do not have.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention is based on the quick breeding method of high mountain Merino early growth traits, warps
It crosses to average daily gain, wean staple length, estimation before high mountain Merino early growth traits litter weight at birth, weanling weight, wean
The breeding value of each growth traits, then individual is selected and remain by multiple selection index, the method for individual is selected and remain more compared to according to phenotype
Scientific and accurate, selecting and remain individual has important market value and social value.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
Technology is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
A kind of quick breeding method based on high mountain Merino early growth traits comprising following steps:
The first step identifies high mountain Merino character of coming into being according to the newborn period, and nascent character includes but unlimited
In litter weight at birth, nascent type and gender.
Wherein: litter weight at birth: nascent remeasurement being carried out in nascent 24 hours to the lamb for participating in identification, measurement unit is
Kg is accurate to 0.1kg；The weight of each new-bom lamb is recorded in detail.
Nascent type: record one tire of ewe birth lamb number, single lamb are denoted as S, and twin lamb(s) or three lambs are denoted as T.
Gender: recording the gender of every lamb, and public lamb is denoted as 1, and ewe lamb is denoted as 2.
Second step identifies high mountain Merino wean character according to weaning stage, and wean character includes but unlimited
It averagely increases day by day before weanling weight, wean staple length, fineness number, oil blushing with shame color, bending frequency, angle-style, level evaluation and wean
Weight.
Wherein: weanling weight: only weighing live-weight to all sheep for participating in identification, and the weighing time is weighing in morning after empty stomach,
Weighing is accurate to 0.1kg using kg as measurement unit.
Wean staple length: the measurement of side staple length is unified on the left of sheep in the middle part of side, i.e., measures at one palm of omoplate rear, measurement
When along scopular nature measure its length, digit three is accurate to 0.5cm into two houses, measurement unit cm.
Fineness number: it takes a small amount of wool fibre to measure its fineness at the position of measurement staple length, is indicated with number, used at the scene
Control galley proof fineness sample ocular estimate, 80: wool fiber diameter≤19 μm；70: 19 μm≤wool fiber diameter≤20 μm；
66: 20 μm≤wool fiber diameter≤21.5 μm；64: 21.5 μm≤wool fiber diameter≤23 μm；64: wool fiber
Diameter >=23 μm.
Oil blushing with shame color: visually observing the color of wool, compares labeled rating according to color paper.
Bending frequency: the scopular number of bends in per inch is measured.
Angle-style: diagonal form is needed to demarcate angular sheep, shropshire then can be omitted the measurement and calibration.
Level evaluation: the individual for meeting index comprehensively requires are as follows: and head dummy is normal, and staple length reaches 3.5cm, more than density is medium,
Body body raw homogeneity fine, soft fur or float hair on a small quantity, coat is pure white, and constitution is solid, physically well develops, and weight reaches 22kg, and integrated quality is good,
It is determined as level-one；Meet the individual of index, weight reaches 20kg, and integrated quality is preferable, is determined as second level；Substantially conform to of index
Body, weight reach 18kg, and integrated quality is general, is determined as three-level；The individual of index is not met, weight is less than 18kg, integrated quality
Difference is determined as level Four；
Average daily gain before weaning: subtracting litter weight at birth according to weanling weight, divided by the number of days from birth to wean, metering
Unit is kg, is accurate to 0.001kg.
Third step establishes animal model according to the character parameter in the first step and second step；Model comparison is carried out, is preferably gone out
It is suitble to the animal model of high mountain Merino early stage each growth traits genetic parameter estimation.Its method are as follows: establish following four high
The unisexuality shape animal model of mountain Merino early growth traits:
1. y=X β+Za+e；
2. y=X β+Za+Wm+e；
3. y=X β+Za+Vp+e；
4. y=X β+Za+Wm+Vp+e；
In formula, y: the observation vector of each character；β: fixed effect；A: individual additive genetic effect；M: maternal inheritance effect
It answers；P: the permanent environmental effect of individual；E: residual error effect vector；X: fixed effect；Z: individual additive genetic effect；V: individual is permanent
Environmental effect；W: the structure matrix of maternal genetic effect.
Then, by AIC and likelihood ratio LRT, (likelihood ratio (likelihood ratio, LR) is one kind of representation faithfulness
Index) inspection to four different animals model estimation effects, sift out the optimal animal model of estimation early growth traits；
The wherein calculation formula of AIC information index: AIC=2k-2LogL, LogL maximum likelihood function value in formula, k is to need
The number of parameters to be estimated；AIC information criterion can reflect influence of the number of parameters for needing to estimate in model to estimation effect, when
When selecting best model from a group model, the smallest model of AIC is selected, the effect of model variance component estimate is better at this time.
The superiority and inferiority of more different models, test statistics are examined using likelihood ratio LRT are as follows:
Wherein, LR is likelihood
Ratio, ln indicate logarithmic function, seek a functional symbol of natural logrithm；LMAX| model 1 and LMAX| model 2 be respectively two not
With the maximum likelihood function value under model, model 1 is the submodel of model 2, and LR obeys chi square distribution, and freedom degree is model
The difference for the number of parameters estimated in the number of parameters and model 1 estimated in 2；If Chi-square Test result difference is significant, illustrate to increase
The parameter added the character, which has, to be significantly affected, and is not otherwise had.
4th step calculates the breeding integrated value I of high mountain Merino using the animal model that third step preferably goes out；I=∑
(0.3P1+0.3P2+0.3P3+0.1P4), wherein the parameter 0.3 in 0.3P1 is high mountain Merino birth weight character weighting system
Number, P1 are the estimated breeding value of high mountain Merino birth weight character；Parameter 0.3 in 0.3P2 is the wean of high mountain Merino
Principal characteristic shape weighting coefficient, P2 are the estimated breeding value of high mountain Merino weaning weight character；Parameter in 0.3P3 is high mountain U.S. benefit
Average daily gain character weighting coefficient before slave sheep is weaned, P3 are that the estimation of average daily gain character before high mountain Merino weans is educated
Kind value；Parameter 0.1 in 0.1P4 is high mountain Merino wean staple length character weighting coefficient, and P4 is the wean of high mountain Merino
The estimated breeding value of staple length character；
5th step, according to the quantity to be selected and remain, according to annual total lamb number and selection intensity, according to high mountain U.S. benefit
Slave's sheep early growth traits aggregate breeding value I is selected and remain from high to low.
Embodiment 1:
In order to study the genetic parameter of high mountain Merino early growth traits, 2003-2015 high mountain U.S. benefit is had chosen
The original data of slave's lamb early growth traits identification, each character value are measured in nascent and wean.At data
Reason, finishing screen have selected the data information of 20057 high mountain merino lamb early growth traits, wherein early growth traits packet
Include average daily gain before lamb birth weight, 4 monthly age weaning weights, wean, 4 monthly ages wean staple length.Pass through the ratio of different animals model
Compared with analysis, determine the optimal animal model of suitable high mountain Merino early growth traits, estimate each character genetic parameter and
Breeding value.
One, the more different models of red pond information criterion AIC, the calculation formula of AIC information index: AIC=2k- are utilized
2LogL。
Early growth traits different animals model -2LogL value and AIC information standard value are as shown in Table 1:
Table one:
According to the result table of -2LogL value of each early growth traits different animals model of table one and AIC information standard value
Bright, model 2 is to average daily gain, wean staple length heredity before high mountain Merino early growth traits birth weight, weaning weight, wean
The effect of parameter Estimation is best, illustrates that maternal genetic effect has important influence to early growth traits.
Two, the superiority and inferiority of the more different models of likelihood ratio test LRT, test statistics are utilized are as follows:
Early growth traits different animals model Chi-square Test result is as shown in Table 2:
Table two:
| Models | BWT | WWT | ADG | WSL |
| 2:1 | 212.705*** | 100.503*** | 67.480*** | 2.660ns |
| 3:1 | 0.000ns | 0.000ns | 0.000ns | 0.000ns |
| 4:1 | 212.705*** | 100.503*** | 67.480*** | 2.660ns |
| 4:2 | 0.000ns | 0.000ns | 0.000ns | 0.000ns |
| 4:3 | 212.705*** | 100.503*** | 67.480*** | 2.660ns |
Remarks: * * *: P≤0.001；*: P≤0.01；*: P≤0.05；Ns:P >=0.05.
Each model and model 1 carry out likelihood ratio test；Model 4 carries out likelihood ratio test with model 2,3 respectively.
The result shows that for averagely increasing day by day before the birth weight of high mountain Merino early growth traits, weaning weight and wean
Weight, model 2 and 4 and 1 likelihood ratio test of model show that difference is extremely significant (P≤0.001) to each other, model 4 and model 3 sides of card inspection
It is extremely significant (P≤0.001) to test difference, model 4 and 2 Chi-square Test difference of model is not significant (P >=0.05).And for the hair that weans
Long, difference is not significant (P >=0.05) to each other for each model.
It is examined by AIC and LRT, determines that model 2 is estimation high mountain Merino early stage each growth traits genetic parameter
Optimal animal model.
Optimal animal model estimates that the genetic force of high mountain Merino early stage each growth traits is as shown in Table 3:
Table three:
| Genetic force | Litter weight at birth | Weanling weight | Average daily gain before weaning | Wean staple length |
| Individual additive inheritance power | 0.0924±0.0160 | 0.0651±0.0126 | 0.0681±0.0130 | 0.0865±0.0148 |
| Maternal effect genetic force | 0.1623±0.0113 | 0.1098±0.0112 | 0.0898±0.0112 | 0.0173±0.0107 |
Correlation analysis between each character breeding value and aggregate breeding value is as shown in Table 4:
Table four:
It can be seen that aggregate breeding value and litter weight at birth, wean by Spearman and Pearson correlation analysis result
Average daily gain and wean staple length breeding value have very strong correlation before weight, wean, illustrate using aggregate breeding value to height
The breeding of mountain Merino early stage, which improves, has more scientific directive significance.
Better embodiment of the invention is explained in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art can also be without departing from the purpose of the present invention
Various changes can be made.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of quick breeding method based on high mountain Merino early growth traits, characterized by the following steps:
The first step is identified the nascent character of high mountain Merino, in which: nascent character includes nascent according to the newborn period
Weight, nascent type and gender；
Second step identifies high mountain Merino wean character according to weaning stage, in which: wean character includes wean
Weight, wean staple length, fineness number, level evaluation and preceding average daily gain of weaning；
Third step establishes animal model according to the character parameter in the first step and second step；Model comparison is carried out, preferably goes out to be suitble to
The animal model of high mountain Merino early stage each growth traits genetic parameter estimation；
4th step calculates the breeding integrated value I of high mountain Merino using the animal model that third step preferably goes out；I=∑
(0.3P1+0.3P2+0.3P3+0.1P4), wherein the parameter 0.3 in 0.3P1 is high mountain Merino birth weight character weighting system
Number, P1 are the estimated breeding value of high mountain Merino birth weight character；Parameter 0.3 in 0.3P2 is the wean of high mountain Merino
Principal characteristic shape weighting coefficient, P2 are the estimated breeding value of high mountain Merino weaning weight character；Parameter in 0.3P3 is high mountain U.S. benefit
Average daily gain character weighting coefficient before slave sheep is weaned, P3 are that the estimation of average daily gain character before high mountain Merino weans is educated
Kind value；Parameter 0.1 in 0.1P4 is high mountain Merino wean staple length character weighting coefficient, and P4 is the wean of high mountain Merino
The estimated breeding value of staple length character；
5th step, according to the quantity to be selected and remain, according to high mountain Merino early growth traits breeding integrated value I from height to
It is low to be selected and remain.
2. the quick breeding method according to claim 1 based on high mountain Merino early growth traits, feature exist
In: in step 1,
Litter weight at birth: nascent remeasurement is carried out in nascent 24 hours to the lamb for participating in identification, measurement unit kg is accurate to
0.1kg；
Nascent type: record one tire of ewe birth lamb number, single lamb are denoted as S, and twin lamb(s) or three lambs are denoted as T；
Gender: recording the gender of every lamb, and public lamb is denoted as 1, and ewe lamb is denoted as 2.
3. the quick breeding method according to claim 1 based on high mountain Merino early growth traits, feature exist
In: in step 2,
Weanling weight: live-weight is only weighed to all sheep for participating in identification, the weighing time is weighing in morning after empty stomach, and weighing is with kg
Measurement unit is accurate to 0.1kg；
Wean staple length: the measurement of side staple length is unified on the left of sheep in the middle part of side, i.e., measures at one palm of omoplate rear, and when measurement is suitable
Scopular nature measures its length, and digit three is accurate to 0.5cm into two houses, measurement unit cm；
Fineness number: it takes a small amount of wool fibre to measure its fineness at the position of measurement staple length, is indicated with number, at the scene using control
Galley proof fineness sample ocular estimate, 80: wool fiber diameter≤19 μm；70: 19 μm≤wool fiber diameter≤20 μm；66
Branch: 20 μm≤wool fiber diameter≤21.5 μm；64: 21.5 μm≤wool fiber diameter≤23 μm；64: wool fiber is straight
Diameter >=23 μm；
Level evaluation: the individual for meeting index comprehensively requires are as follows: head dummy is normal, and staple length reaches 3.5cm, more than density is medium, body body
Raw homogeneity fine, soft fur or float hair on a small quantity, coat is pure white, and constitution is solid, physically well develops, and weight reaches 22kg, and integrated quality is good, determines
For level-one；Meet the individual of index, weight reaches 20kg, and integrated quality is preferable, is determined as second level；The individual of index is substantially conformed to,
Weight reaches 18kg, and integrated quality is general, is determined as three-level；The individual of index is not met, weight is less than 18kg, and integrated quality is poor,
It is determined as level Four；
Average daily gain before weaning: subtracting litter weight at birth according to weanling weight, divided by the number of days from birth to wean, measurement unit
For kg, it is accurate to 0.001kg.
4. the quick breeding method according to claim 3 based on high mountain Merino early growth traits, feature exist
In: in step 2, wean character further includes oil blushing with shame color, bending frequency and angle-style.
5. the quick breeding method according to claim 1 based on high mountain Merino early growth traits, feature exist
In: in step 3, method that animal model is established according to the character parameter in the first step and second step are as follows: establish following Gao Si
The unisexuality shape animal model of a mountain Merino early growth traits:
1. y=X β+Za+e；
2. y=X β+Za+Wm+e；
3. y=X β+Za+Vp+e；
4. y=X β+Za+Wm+Vp+e；
In formula, y: the observation vector of each character；β: fixed effect；A: individual additive genetic effect；M: maternal genetic effect；P:
The permanent environmental effect of individual；E: residual error effect vector；X: fixed effect；Z: individual additive genetic effect；V: the permanent environment of individual
Effect；W: the structure matrix of maternal genetic effect.
6. the quick breeding method according to claim 5 based on high mountain Merino early growth traits, feature exist
In: in step 3, model compares: by red pond information criterion AIC and likelihood ratio LRT to four different animals model estimation effects
The optimal animal model of estimation early growth traits is sifted out in the inspection of fruit；
The wherein calculation formula of AIC information index: AIC=2k-2LogL, LogL maximum likelihood function value in formula, k is to need to estimate
The number of parameters of meter；
The superiority and inferiority of more different models, test statistics are examined using likelihood ratio LRT are as follows:
Wherein, LR is likelihood ratio
Value, ln indicate logarithmic function, seek a functional symbol of natural logrithm；LMAX| model 1 and LMAX| model 2 is two differences respectively
Maximum likelihood function value under model, model 1 is the submodel of model 2, and LR obeys chi square distribution, and freedom degree is model 2
The difference for the number of parameters estimated in the number of parameters and model 1 of middle estimation.
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