CN108419756A - A kind of Ba Huai pig breeding methods - Google Patents
A kind of Ba Huai pig breeding methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN108419756A CN108419756A CN201810639355.3A CN201810639355A CN108419756A CN 108419756 A CN108419756 A CN 108419756A CN 201810639355 A CN201810639355 A CN 201810639355A CN 108419756 A CN108419756 A CN 108419756A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003147 molecular marker Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000020997 lean meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007894 restriction fragment length polymorphism technique Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000008775 paternal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 101001134060 Homo sapiens Melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001217 buttock Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009328 dry farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037308 hair color Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003752 polymerase chain reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Ba Huai pig breeding methods, using Berkshire and Huaihe River pig as male parent female parent reciprocal cross, the Ba Huai pigs hybridized；Group's locking breeding and more generation selection and breeding stages：The traversed by that 45 generations are carried out with the method for swarm robotic system selection and breeding and molecular marker assisted selection is fixed, and breeding is that the boar that this is selected and remain from generation to generation mates with the sow selected and remain, and the core group of new lines pig is set up by 45 generations.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to animal reproduction breeding fields, and in particular to a kind of Ba Huai pig breeding methods.
Background technology
It is to improve market pig production performance using its heterosis, hybrid vigor using different kinds or line cross, development life
The important measures of pig production.Although the Huaihe River Nan Hei, Anhui pig has many advantages, such as that early sexual maturity, litter size be more, adaptable and resistance to crude feed,
But the speed of growth is slow, and carcass lipid rate is high, and meat productivity is low, has been not suitable with the demand of Pig Industry production.By cross experiment and
Pig production is observed, and " pig blood system in Huaihe River accounts for 50%, and Berkshire blood lineage accounts for 50% " Crossing system production pork pig, can retain Anhui for utilization
While the advantages that black Huaihe River litter size of pig in south is mostly excellent and adaptable with meat, lean meat percentage and growth speed are properly increased
Degree has given full play to effect of the Huaihe River pig in Pig Industry production, characteristic Pork Market has been enriched, to promoting growth of agricultural efficiency, agriculture
The people, which increase income, all to be had a very important significance.
Invention content
The present invention proposes a kind of Ba Huai pig breeding methods, introduces the fast advantage of the Berkshire speed of growth, while retaining Huaihe River
More, the adaptable advantage of pig early sexual maturity, litter size, cultivating has breeding soon, the fast high-quality boar of growth performance.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：The pig breeding sides Ba Huai provided by the invention
Method is specially：
(1) using Berkshire and Huaihe River pig as male parent female parent reciprocal cross, the Ba Huai pigs hybridized；
(2) group's locking breeding and more generation selection and breeding stages：With the side of swarm robotic system selection and breeding and molecular marker assisted selection
The traversed by that method carries out 4-5 generation is fixed, and breeding is that the boar that this is selected and remain from generation to generation mates with the sow selected and remain, by 4-5
A generation sets up the core group of new lines pig.
With the high yield Huaihe River pig of Anhui Native kind Huaihe River pig selection and breeding and Berkshire reciprocal cross, it is desirable that Huaihe River pig female parent litter size
11 or more, 30-100 kilograms of daily gain 850g or more, feedstuff-meat ratio 2.8:1, lean meat percentage 55%, intramuscular fat 3.2%；Berkshire
Male parent number born alive 10.5 or more, 30-100 kilograms of daily gain 850g or more, feedstuff-meat ratio 2.8:1, lean meat percentage 55%, intramuscular fat
Fat 3.2%；The specific selection and breeding operation of Ba Huai pigs in above-mentioned steps (2) is as follows：The first time selection and breeding of zero generation should according to point
Sub- genetic marker as a result, using control black wool expression gene SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) otherness, in conjunction with PCR-
RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction) technology carries out coat color gene and selects and remain out the complete of growth excellent performance
Black wool pig.
Group's locking is bred and more generation selection and breeding stages are specially：Traversed by fixation is the superior of each generation new lines pig
Characteristic is fixed up, and swarm robotic system selection and breeding refer to carrying out locking breeding to core group, and one fixed number of next generation was selected from the upper generation
The excellent individual of amount is reserved seed for planting.Locking breeding：In the case of avoiding inbreeding inside the new lines, the base of external pig is not introduced
Because of the propagation method of progress.Molecular marker assisted selection：After being selected according to the expression sites of control black wool expressing gene MC1R
In generation, reserves seed for planting.
Piglet adopts ear tissue sample when being born, and returns to laboratory and carries out molecular labeling, the gene gone out according to molecular labeling
Genotype is reserved seed for planting and is eliminated to carry out selection, and selection criteria is to select and remain the expression specific site of control black wool expressing gene MC1R
Boar is reserved seed for planting.
When one monthly age wean select and remain for the first time, weaning weight is selected to be more than four kilograms, build, constitution are good, hair
It educates good and completely black hair pig and enters the group that reserves seed for planting；Choosing is stayed when four monthly ages for the second time, eliminate depauperation, weight compared with
The gently Ba Huai pig impure with hair color.
It is sternly selected when 6 monthly ages, with 100 kg body weight ages in days and the back-fat thickness measured with B ultrasound live body, in conjunction with production
Young number breeding value calculates multiple selection index, is selected further according to the height of multiple selection index, while referring also to its parent
With the performance of compatriot.Replacement gilt stays 1 male 3 mother per nest before measuring, boar is with 5 after measurement:1 ratio, sow 3:1 proportional strength
It selects and remain, chooses the black pig new varieties of final Ba Huai.
To each system's Reproductive Performance, the performance measurement of standby boar and fattening are butchered, meat quality determination and appearance traits mirror
It is fixed.
Huaihe River pig build is larger, and ear is big, sagging more than nose, mouth tube length is straight, carries on the back waist straight narrow, and buttocks tilts, and four limbs are hard
It really does one's bit inside, skin, hair black, skin depth, hair is thick and close, winter dense brownish red villus, 7~9 pairs of nipple.Crop with wheat, sweet potato,
Based on the dry farming such as corn, beans, peanut, sorghum, millet.128.33 centimetres of adult male pig body length, 101.33 centimetres of bust, body are high
70.33 centimetres, adult sow mutually should be：119.17 centimetres, 103.83 centimetres, 68.17 centimetres.Huaihe River pig distribution is wide, adapts to
More extensive rearing conditions, though the speed of growth is slower, carcass lean meat percentage is higher.
The Berkshire of Britain's blood relationship containing Chinese Pigs is originated in, meat is excellent, has the speed of growth fast, and the price of deed is high,
The thin intramuscular fat content of back fat is high, the characteristics such as the speed of growth is fast, and meat is excellent.
In conjunction with male parent and maternal characteristic：The performance indicator of the new lines pig is as follows：
It is fixed by the locking breeding of 4-5 generation, traversed by, swarm robotic system selection and breeding, whole body is that the high-quality Ba Huai of black is new
Breed of variety success, specific targets are as follows：
Reproductive performance：Early sexual maturity, feelings phase conception rate 92%, first farrowing sow litter size 10.4,20 days litter weights
39.6 kilograms, 30 days 80.1 kilograms of weight of weaning litters, Suprapubic arch sling litter size 12.5 is 13.2 through producing core group, and life birth is young
Number 11.7,30 days 87.5 kilograms of weight of weaning litters；
The speed of growth：The time that pig weight reaches 100 kilograms is 210 ages in days, the price of deed 3:1.
Carcass quality：57% or more carcass lean meat percentage, eye muscle area is 31.0 square centimeters average, dressing percentge 29.1%,
2.98 centimetres of the triadic mean thickness of backfat, intramuscular fat content reaches 3.5% or more, and meat is excellent, and no PSE and DFD meat occurs；It is tender
Du≤3.9%.
Appearance traits feature：Whole body dorsal body setae ater, constitution is solid, and structure is well-balanced, and head is of moderate size, and back of the body waist is straight, body
Isometric in drive, leg stern is more plentiful, and four limbs are sturdy solid, and nipple seven is right.
By the selection and breeding raising to Huaihe River pig and Berkshire, the measurement of performance measurement and cross performance, given birth to offspring is new
Zero generation pig of strain contains 50% Huaihe River pig blood system, 50% Berkshire blood lineage.The speed of growth of filial generation increases
Add, the price of deed is high, and intramuscular fat is more preferably.
Present invention has the advantages that:Two mixing breeds can retain the Huaihe River Nan Hei, Anhui litter size of pig mostly with meat it is excellent and adapt to
While the advantages that ability is strong, lean meat percentage and the speed of growth are properly increased, has given full play to Huaihe River pig in Pig Industry production
Effect, enriches characteristic Pork Market, to promoting growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income all to have a very important significance.
Specific implementation mode
Below by the description to embodiment, the shape of for example involved each component of specific implementation mode of the invention, structure
It makes, the mutual alignment between each section and connection relation, the effect of each section and operation principle, manufacturing process and the side of operating with
Method etc., is described in further detail, completeer to help those skilled in the art to have the inventive concept of the present invention, technical solution
Whole, accurate and deep understanding.
Using Berkshire and Huaihe River pig as male parent female parent reciprocal cross, i.e. the mating hybridization of A × B.
According to the rule of the specialized paternal maternal division of labor, in conjunction with Trait heritability, genetic correlation, hybrid vigour and choosing
The consideration of the combined factors such as intensity is selected, breed system major traits are determined as grow-finish character 1：The speed of growth, reproductive trait 1
It is a：Litter size；The specific division of labor is as follows, it is paternal or it is maternal one it is main select the thickness of backfat, take into account the speed of growth, a main choosing need to the amount of kind
Greatly, main to select litter size, adaptability, selection and breeding are at fecund system.Select Berkshire " six is white " feature apparent, solid well-balanced, head size is suitable
In, back of the body waist is straight, and leg stern is more plentiful, and four limbs are sturdy solid, and nipple seven is right.The time that pig weight reaches 100 kilograms is 175
Age, the price of deed 2.8:1,60% or more carcass lean meat percentage.Huaihe River pig whole body dorsal body setae ater, constitution is solid, and structure is well-balanced, head
It is of moderate size, back of the body waist is straight, and body is isometric in driving, and leg stern is more plentiful, and four limbs are sturdy solid, and nipple seven is right.Early sexual maturity, pig weight
The time for reaching 100 kilograms is 210 ages in days, the price of deed 3:1,57% or more carcass lean meat percentage,
To obtain maximum hybrid vigour, one will ensure that Parent system has certain purity, that is, have certain coefficient of inbreeding, two
Make to keep purity, affinity-less relation between parent is.To keep the regularity of hybridization market pig, eliminate some character it is prominent and its
His especially low individual of character；Parent system adheres to that appearance traits evaluation includes wean, six-month-old and adult phase, it is desirable that body
Matter is solid, three-dimensional-structure is well-balanced, coordinates, and using ideal premium muscle type market pig build as standard, is combined using body measurement trait
Method is identified.
Set up population：
According to the division of labor of each system's performance and the status in mating breeding of method, selected boar strictly identify, is selected
It educates.Paternal male parent Berkshire scale is 30 public, and 300 is female, 10 blood lineages of boar, 40 blood lineages of sow, and appearance traits are consistent；It is female
Maternal system is that local pig breed cultivates strain Huaihe River pig, and core group scale reaches 30 public affairs, and 300 is female.
Breeding measures：
Technology path：Using modern genetics, thremmatology as theoretical direction, using breed system latest theories as guide, using closing
The technology path that lock Systematic Breeding is combined, a generation of 1 year generation inteval, the standby boar ratio of selecting and remain is：Boar A systems 1:
10, B systems 1: 5；Sow A systems 1：2, B systems 1: 3.100Kg weight age in days and back fat are measured, using the multiple characters animal model side BLUP
Method to boar carry out genetic evaluation, calculate the paternal index of offspring and maternal index, by calculated multiple selection index into
Row seed selection.
Performance measurement：
It is fixed by the locking breeding of 4-5 generation, traversed by, swarm robotic system selection and breeding, whole body is that the high-quality Ba Huai of black is new
Breed of variety success, specific targets are as follows：
Reproductive performance：Early sexual maturity, feelings phase conception rate 92%, first farrowing sow litter size 10.4,20 days litter weights
39.6 kilograms, 30 days 80.1 kilograms of weight of weaning litters, Suprapubic arch sling litter size 12.5 is 13.2 through producing core group, and life birth is young
Number 11.7,30 days 87.5 kilograms of weight of weaning litters；
The speed of growth：The time that pig weight reaches 100 kilograms is 210 ages in days, the price of deed 3:1.
Carcass quality：57% or more carcass lean meat percentage, eye muscle area is 31.0 square centimeters average, dressing percentge 29.1%,
2.98 centimetres of the triadic mean thickness of backfat, intramuscular fat content reaches 3.5% or more, and meat is excellent, and no PSE and DFD meat occurs；It is tender
Du≤3.9%.
Appearance traits feature：Whole body dorsal body setae ater, constitution is solid, and structure is well-balanced, and head is of moderate size, and back of the body waist is straight, body
Isometric in drive, leg stern is more plentiful, and four limbs are sturdy solid, and nipple seven is right.
By the selection and breeding raising to Huaihe River pig and Berkshire, the measurement of performance measurement and cross performance, given birth to offspring is new
Zero generation pig of strain contains 50% Huaihe River pig blood system, 50% Berkshire blood lineage.
The present invention is exemplarily described above, it is clear that present invention specific implementation is not subject to the restrictions described above,
As long as using the improvement of the various unsubstantialities of inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention progress, or not improved this is sent out
Bright design and technical solution directly applies to other occasions, within protection scope of the present invention.The protection of the present invention
Range should be determined by the scope of protection defined in the claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Ba Huai pig breeding methods, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A:Using Berkshire and Huaihe River pig as male parent female parent reciprocal cross, the Ba Huai pigs hybridized；
B:Group's locking breeding and more generation selection and breeding stages：It is carried out with the method for swarm robotic system selection and breeding and molecular marker assisted selection
The traversed by of 4-5 generation is fixed, and breeding is that the boar that this is selected and remain from generation to generation mates with the sow selected and remain, from generation to generation by 4-5
Set up the core group of new lines pig.
2. Ba Huai pig breeding methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Huaihe River pig female parent requires litter size 11
More than, 30-100 kilograms of daily gain 850g or more, feedstuff-meat ratio 2.8:1, lean meat percentage 55%, intramuscular fat 3.2%；Berkshire male parent
Number born alive 10.5 or more, 30-100 kilograms of daily gain 850g or more, feedstuff-meat ratio 2.8:1, lean meat percentage 55%, intramuscular fat
3.2%.
3. Ba Huai pig breeding methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step B is specially：The of zero generation
Selection and breeding should be according to molecular genetic marker as a result, using the otherness for controlling the gene SNP that black wool is expressed, in conjunction with PCR-
RFLP technologies carry out the completely black live pig that coat color gene selects and remain out growth excellent performance.
4. Ba Huai pig breeding methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Ba Huai pig performances that step B is obtained are：
Reproductive performance：Early sexual maturity, feelings phase conception rate 92%, first farrowing sow litter size 10.4,20 days litter weights 39.6 thousand
Gram, 30 days 80.1 kilograms of weight of weaning litters, Suprapubic arch sling litter size 12.5 is 13.2 through producing core group, litter size 11.7 living
Head, 30 days 87.5 kilograms of weight of weaning litters；
The speed of growth：The time that pig weight reaches 100 kilograms is 210 ages in days, the price of deed 3:1；
Carcass quality：57% or more carcass lean meat percentage, eye muscle area is 31.0 square centimeters average, dressing percentge 29.1%, 3 points
Average backfat is 2.98 centimetres thick, and intramuscular fat content reaches 3.5% or more, and meat is excellent, and no PSE and DFD meat occurs；Nen Du≤
3.9%；
Appearance traits feature：Whole body dorsal body setae ater, constitution is solid, and structure is well-balanced, and head is of moderate size, and back of the body waist is straight, during body drives
Isometric, leg stern is more plentiful, and four limbs are sturdy solid, and nipple seven is right；
Given birth to offspring is zero generation pig of new lines, contains 50% Huaihe River pig blood system, 50% Berkshire blood lineage.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110622920A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2019-12-31 | 四川省畜牧科学研究院 | Breeding method of pure black and hairy pig breeds |
| CN111084153A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-01 | 上杭傲农槐猪产业发展有限公司 | Hybridization method for Huai pig from Hangzhou province |
| CN111118177A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2020-05-08 | 广西扬翔股份有限公司 | SNP molecular marker related to swine sexual maturity character |
| CN113493822A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-12 | 北京康普森农业科技有限公司 | Binary pig gene identification method |
| CN114557314A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-31 | 杭州市原种场 | High-quality population breeding method based on boar performance measurement |
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| CN114557314A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-31 | 杭州市原种场 | High-quality population breeding method based on boar performance measurement |
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