CN108935304A - A kind of cross breeding method of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river - Google Patents
A kind of cross breeding method of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cross breeding methods of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river, with the high yield Huaihe River pig of breeding for maternal female parent, it is that paternal male parent is hybridized for the first time with the high yield Berkshire of breeding, composition first-filial generation sow group's Ba Huai binary, the filial generation of production selects and remain outstanding sow and reserves seed for planting；By the resulting outstanding Ba Huai binary sow of step A with the Berkshire male parent of black is secondary hybridizes, given birth to offspring is bar Ba Huai zero generation pig of new lines, contains 25% Huaihe River pig blood system, 75% Berkshire blood lineage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding methods of pig raising, and in particular to a kind of cross breeding method of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river.
Background technique
Our province furnished a huge amount of money for largely to introduce external lean meat species boar in recent years, plays one to the genetic improvement of our province pig and is set for
With.But introduced a fine variety again due to introducing field, the thought of light breeding, cause introduced pigs performance degradation serious, a generation is not so good as a generation, because
This, it is necessary to carry out and continue breeding, and carry out necessary unified measurement assessment and union breeding, improves our province boar performance and matter
Amount.
Although the Huaihe River Nan Hei, Anhui pig has many advantages, such as that early sexual maturity, litter size be more, adaptable and resistance to crude feed, the speed of growth
Slowly, the disadvantages such as carcass lipid rate is high, and meat productivity is low, and feedstuff-meat ratio is high, and economic benefit is low have been not suitable with the need of Pig Industry production
It asks.The application wishes the method by breed of variety, retains two interracial merit genes, and the production meat for promoting Huaihe River pig refers to
Mark and growth performance, to promote economic benefit.It is observed by cross experiment and pig production, utilize " pig blood system in Huaihe River accounts for 25%,
Berkshire blood lineage accounts for 75% " Crossing system production pork pig, and it is mostly excellent and suitable with meat can to retain the Huaihe River Nan Hei, Anhui litter size of pig
Should be able to power it is strong the advantages that while, properly increase lean meat percentage and the speed of growth, given full play to Huaihe River pig Pig Industry production in
Effect, characteristic Pork Market is enriched, to promoting growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income all to have a very important significance.
Summary of the invention
According to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a kind of the miscellaneous of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river
Breeding method is handed over, the advantage that Huaihe River pig fertility is strong, meat is good, adaptable is remained, absorbs the growth speed of adventive pig
The features such as degree is fast, lean meat percentage is high.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: crossbreeding side of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river
Method includes the following steps:
A: being that paternal male parent progress is miscellaneous for the first time with the high yield Berkshire of breeding with the high yield Huaihe River pig of breeding for maternal female parent
It hands over, composition first-filial generation sow group's Ba Huai binary, the filial generation of production selects and remain outstanding sow and reserves seed for planting；
B: by the resulting outstanding Ba Huai binary sow of step A with the Berkshire male parent of black is secondary hybridizes, given birth to offspring
For bar Ba Huai zero generation pig of new lines, contain 25% Huaihe River pig blood system, 75% Berkshire blood lineage；
C: being fixed with the traversed by that the method for swarm robotic system breeding and molecular marker assisted selection carries out 4-5 generation, breeding
It is that the boar that this is selected and remain from generation to generation mates with the sow selected and remain, sets up the core group of new lines pig from generation to generation by 4-5；It adopts
Genetic evaluation is carried out to boar with multiple characters animal model BLUP method, is mainly chosen seeds by multiple selection index.
Preferably, Huaihe River pig female parent requires litter size 13.5 or more, 20-80 kilograms of daily gain 450g or more, feedstuff-meat ratio
3.8:1,45% or more lean meat percentage, Berkshire male parent production young number 10.5 living or more, 30-100 kilograms of daily gain 750g or more,
Feedstuff-meat ratio 2.8:1, lean meat percentage 65%, intramuscular fat 3.2%.
Preferably, staying for step A mini-bus Huaihe River binary selects standard are as follows:
A1: at a monthly age, selecting coat completely black, and weight is greater than four kilograms, and number of nipples is well-proportioned at 7 Duis or more,
The good sow of constitution；
A2: at four monthly ages, selecting coat completely black, be well-proportioned, and the good sow of constitution eliminates the slow mother of the speed of growth
Pig；
A3: in six-month-old, selecting living body back fat thin, and the fast sow of the speed of growth is reserved seed for planting, and second of cross mating is participated in.
Preferably, the staying for step C mini-bus Ba Huai selects standard are as follows: select and remain for the first time when a monthly age wean, select
Weaning weight is selected greater than four kilograms, figure, constitution are good, physically well develop and pig that coat is completely black enters the group that reserves seed for planting；Four monthly ages
Shi Jinhang stays choosing for the second time, eliminates depauperation, bar Ba Huai pig that weight is lighter and hair color is impure；It is carried out when 6 monthly ages tight
Choosing, based on 100 kg body weight ages in days and the back-fat thickness measured with B ultrasound living body, calculates father with BLUP animal model
System's selection index, calculates maternal selection index and multiple selection index in conjunction with litter size breeding value, further according to multiple selection index
Height selected, while also refer to its parent and compatriot performance.
Preferably, every nest stays 1 male 3 mother before the replacement gilt measures, and boar is after measurement with the ratio of 5:1, the ratio of sow 3:1
Example intensity is selected and remain, and the black pig new varieties of final Yangze river and Huai river are chosen.
Preferably, the step C passes through the black pig performance of the resulting Yangze river and Huai river of cultivation of 4-5 generation are as follows:
Reproductive performance: early sexual maturity, feelings phase conception rate 92%, first farrowing sow litter size 10.4,20 days litter weights
39.6 kilograms, 30 days 80.1 kilograms of weight of weaning litters, Suprapubic arch sling litter size 12, being produced core group is 13, litter size living
11.7,30 days 87.5 kilograms of weight of weaning litters；
The speed of growth: the time that pig weight reaches 100 kilograms is 175 ages in days, price of deed 2.8:1；
Carcass quality: 58% or more carcass lean meat percentage, eye muscle area is 31.0 square centimeters average, dressing percentge 29.1%,
2.98 centimetres of the triadic mean thickness of backfat, intramuscular fat content reaches 3.5% or more, and meat is excellent, and no PSE and DFD meat occurs；It is tender
Du≤3.9%.
Appearance traits feature: whole body dorsal body setae ater, constitution is solid, and structure is well-balanced, and head is of moderate size, and back waist is straight, body
Isometric in drive, leg stern is more plentiful, and four limbs are sturdy solid, and nipple seven is right.
The medicine have the advantages that the breed system that the present invention cultivates is that appearance traits are consistent, and whole body dorsal body setae ater, body
Matter is solid, and structure is well-balanced, and head is of moderate size, and back waist is straight, and isometric in body drive, leg stern is more plentiful, and four limbs are sturdy solid, nipple seven
It is right.Early sexual maturity, pig weight reach 100 kilograms time be 210 ages in days, price of deed 3:1, carcass lean meat percentage 57% with
On, eye muscle area is 31.0 square centimeters average, and dressing percentge 29.1%, 2.98 centimetres of the triadic mean thickness of backfat, intramuscular fat contains
Amount reaches 3.5% or more, and meat is excellent, and no PSE and DFD meat occurs；Nen Du≤3.9%.
Detailed description of the invention
Content expressed by this specification attached drawing and the label in figure are briefly described below:
Fig. 1 is the breeding method flow chart of a specific embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The effect of to make to structure feature of the invention and being reached, has a better understanding and awareness, to preferable
Embodiment cooperation detailed description, is described as follows:
A kind of cross breeding method of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river, comprising the following steps:
It (1) is female parent with the maternal Huaihe River pig of the high yield of Anhui Native kind Huaihe River pig breeding, with the high yield of Berkshire breeding
Paternal Berkshire is that male parent is hybridized for the first time, and given birth to offspring eliminates all boars, retains sow, forms first-filial generation Ba Huai
Binary sow group；
(2) using Ba Huai binary pig as female parent, and the Berkshire male parent of black is secondary hybridizes, and given birth to offspring is new lines
Zero generation pig, contain 25% Huaihe River pig blood system, 75% Berkshire blood lineage；
(3) group's locking breeding and more generation breeding stages: with the side of swarm robotic system breeding and molecular marker assisted selection
The traversed by that method carries out 4-5 generation is fixed, and breeding is that the boar that this is selected and remain from generation to generation mates with the sow selected and remain, by 4-5
A generation sets up the core group of new lines pig.Genetic evaluation is carried out to boar using multiple characters animal model BLUP method, it is main
It to choose seeds by multiple selection index.
Specifically, the method for seed selection and the cultivation of above-mentioned cross breeding method is specific as follows:
It is female parent with the maternal Huaihe River pig of the high yield of Anhui Native kind Huaihe River pig breeding, with the fast paternal Berkshire of the speed of growth
Pig is male parent, it is desirable that Huaihe River pig female parent litter size 13.5 or more, 20-80 kilograms of daily gain 450g or more, feedstuff-meat ratio 3.8:1 are thin
45% or more meat rate, Berkshire male parent produce young number 10.5 living or more, 30-100 kilograms of daily gain 750g or more, feedstuff-meat ratio
2.8:1, lean meat percentage 65%, intramuscular fat 3.2%.
Ba Huai binary pig breeding operation in above-mentioned steps (1) is as follows:
1. birth is selected and remain: weighing 0.9Kg or more to birth, number of nipples 7 is to above, and coat is completely black, and reproductive development is good
The good sow being well-proportioned is reserved seed for planting.
2. wean is selected and remain: slow to the speed of growth, growing way is bad, and it is naughty that the pig that weaning weight is significantly less than same batch pig is given
It eliminates, emphasis, which is selected and remain, is well-proportioned, and the good sow of constitution is reserved seed for planting.
3. child care primary election: for there is the speed of growth significantly lower than same batch, the pigs such as growth organ depauperation are given
It eliminates.
Select and remain 4. being bred as knot and surveying: measurement 100Kg weight age in days and back fat in time select and remain out the speed of growth according to measurement result
Fast outstanding sow is reserved seed for planting, and next cross mating is participated in.
The specific breeding operation of bar Ba Huai pig in above-mentioned steps (2) is as follows:
Using Ba Huai binary pig as female parent, and the Berkshire male parent of black is secondary hybridizes, and given birth to offspring is new lines
Zero generation pig contains 25% Huaihe River pig blood system, 75% Berkshire blood lineage.
The first time breeding of zero generation should be according to molecular genetic marker as a result, the gene expressed using control black wool
The otherness of SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism), in conjunction with PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction) skill
Art carries out the completely black live pig that coat color gene selects and remain out growth excellent performance.
Select and remain for the first time when one monthly age wean, weaning weight is selected to be greater than four kilograms, figure, constitution are good, hair
It educates good and completely black coat pig and enters the group that reserves seed for planting；Choosing is stayed when four monthly ages for the second time, eliminates depauperation, weight is lighter
The impure bar Ba Huai pig with hair color.
Group's locking breeding and more generation breeding stages in above-mentioned steps (3) specifically: traversed by fixation is per all one's life
It is fixed up for the advantageous characteristic of new lines pig, swarm robotic system breeding, which refers to, carries out locking breeding to core group, selects from the upper generation
A certain number of excellent individuals of next generation are reserved seed for planting out.Locking breeding: in the case where avoiding inbreeding inside the new lines,
The propagation method that the gene of external pig carries out is not introduced.Molecular marker assisted selection: according to control black wool expressing gene MC1R's
Expression sites select the offspring to reserve seed for planting.
Piglet adopts ear tissue sample when being born, return to laboratory and carry out molecular labeling, according to the gene of molecular labeling out
Genotype is reserved seed for planting and is eliminated to carry out selection, and selection criteria is to select and remain the expression specific site of control black wool expressing gene MC1R
Boar is reserved seed for planting.
Select and remain for the first time when one monthly age wean, weaning weight is selected to be greater than four kilograms, figure, constitution are good, hair
It educates good and completely black coat pig and enters the group that reserves seed for planting；Choosing is stayed when four monthly ages for the second time, eliminates depauperation, weight is lighter
The impure bar Ba Huai pig with hair color.
It is sternly selected when 6 monthly ages, with 100 kg body weight ages in days and the back-fat thickness measured with B ultrasound living body, uses BLUP
Animal model estimates the breeding value of growth performance, calculates multiple selection index in conjunction with litter size breeding value, selects further according to comprehensive
The height for selecting index is selected, while also referring to the performance of its parent and compatriot.Every nest stays 1 male 3 female, survey before replacement gilt measures
Boar with the ratio of 1:5, select and remain, and chooses the black pig new varieties of final Yangze river and Huai river by the proportional strength of sow 1:3 after fixed.
To each system's Reproductive Performance, the performance measurement of standby boar and fattening are butchered, meat quality determination and appearance traits mirror
It is fixed.
Huaihe River pig figure is larger, and ear is big, sagging more than nose, mouth tube length is straight, carries on the back waist straight narrow, buttocks inclination, four limbs heavily fortified point
It really does one's bit inside, skin, hair black, skin depth, hair is thick and close, winter dense brownish red villus, and 7~9 pairs of nipple.Crop with wheat, sweet potato,
Based on the dry farming such as corn, beans, peanut, sorghum, millet.Adult male pig body is 128.33 centimetres long, and 101.33 centimetres of bust, body is high
70.33 centimetres, adult sow is corresponding are as follows: 119.17 centimetres, 103.83 centimetres, 68.17 centimetres.The distribution of Huaihe River pig is wide, adapts to
More extensive rearing conditions, though the speed of growth is slower, carcass lean meat percentage is higher.
The Berkshire of Britain's blood relationship containing Chinese Pigs is originated in, meat is excellent, has the speed of growth fast, and the price of deed is high,
The thin intramuscular fat content of back fat is high, the characteristics such as the speed of growth is fast, and meat is excellent.
In conjunction with male parent and maternal characteristic: the performance indicator of the new lines pig is as follows:
It is fixed by the locking breeding of 4-5 generation, traversed by, swarm robotic system breeding, whole body is the premium muscle pig of black
The success of Yangze river and Huai river rearing new variety, specific targets are as follows:
Reproductive performance: early sexual maturity, feelings phase conception rate 92%, first farrowing sow litter size 10.4,20 days litter weights
39.6 kilograms, 30 days 80.1 kilograms of weight of weaning litters, Suprapubic arch sling litter size 12, being produced core group is 13, litter size living
11.7,30 days 87.5 kilograms of weight of weaning litters；
The speed of growth: the time that pig weight reaches 100 kilograms is 175 ages in days, price of deed 2.8:1.
Carcass quality: 58% or more carcass lean meat percentage, eye muscle area is 31.0 square centimeters average, dressing percentge 29.1%,
2.98 centimetres of the triadic mean thickness of backfat, intramuscular fat content reaches 3.5% or more, and meat is excellent, and no PSE and DFD meat occurs；It is tender
Du≤3.9%.
Appearance traits feature: whole body dorsal body setae ater, constitution is solid, and structure is well-balanced, and head is of moderate size, and back waist is straight, body
Isometric in drive, leg stern is more plentiful, and four limbs are sturdy solid, and nipple seven is right.
It is improved by the breeding to Huaihe River pig and Berkshire, the measurement of performance measurement and cross performance, given birth to offspring is new
Zero generation pig of strain contains 25% Huaihe River pig blood system, 75% Berkshire blood lineage.
The present invention is exemplarily described above, it is clear that present invention specific implementation is not subject to the restrictions described above,
As long as using the improvement for the various unsubstantialities that the inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention carry out, or not improved this is sent out
Bright conception and technical scheme directly apply to other occasions, within the scope of the present invention.Protection of the invention
Range should be determined by the scope of protection defined in the claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cross breeding method of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river, which comprises the steps of:
A: being that paternal male parent is hybridized for the first time with the high yield Berkshire of breeding with the high yield Huaihe River pig of breeding for maternal female parent,
First-filial generation sow group's Ba Huai binary is formed, the filial generation of production selects and remain outstanding sow and reserves seed for planting；
B: by the resulting outstanding Ba Huai binary sow of step A with the Berkshire male parent of black is secondary hybridizes, given birth to offspring is new
Bar Ba Huai zero generation pig of strain contains 25% Huaihe River pig blood system, 75% Berkshire blood lineage；
C: being fixed with the traversed by that the method for swarm robotic system breeding and molecular marker assisted selection carries out 4-5 generation, and breeding is this
The boar selected and remain from generation to generation mates with the sow selected and remain, and sets up the core group of new lines pig from generation to generation by 4-5；Using more
Character animal model BLUP method carries out genetic evaluation to boar, mainly chooses seeds by multiple selection index.
2. the cross breeding method of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Huaihe River pig female parent requires litter size
13.5 or more, 20-80 kilograms of daily gain 450g or more, feedstuff-meat ratio 3.8:1,45% or more lean meat percentage, Berkshire male parent, which produces, lives
Young number 10.5 or more, 30-100 kilograms of daily gain 750g or more, feedstuff-meat ratio 2.8:1, lean meat percentage 65%, intramuscular fat
3.2%.
3. the cross breeding method of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step A mini-bus Huaihe River two
Standard is selected in staying for member are as follows:
A1: at a monthly age, select coat completely black, weight is greater than four kilograms, and number of nipples is well-proportioned at 7 Duis or more, constitution
Good sow；
A2: at four monthly ages, selecting coat completely black, be well-proportioned, and the good sow of constitution eliminates the slow sow of the speed of growth；
A3: in six-month-old, selecting living body back fat thin, and the fast sow of the speed of growth is reserved seed for planting, and second of cross mating is participated in.
4. the cross breeding method of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step C mini-bus Ba Huai
Stay and select standard are as follows: select and remain for the first time when a monthly age wean, select weaning weight to be greater than four kilograms, figure, constitution
It is good, it physically well develops and pig that coat is completely black enters the group that reserves seed for planting；Choosing is stayed when four monthly ages for the second time, eliminates depauperation, body
The lighter and impure hair color bar Ba Huai pig of weight；It is sternly selected when 6 monthly ages, with 100 kg body weight ages in days and with B ultrasound living body
Based on the back-fat thickness measured, paternal selection index is calculated with BLUP animal model, is calculated in conjunction with litter size breeding value female
System's selection index and multiple selection index, is selected further according to the height of multiple selection index, at the same also refer to its parent and
The performance of compatriot.
5. the cross breeding method of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river according to claim 4, which is characterized in that every before the replacement gilt measurement
Nest stays 1 male 3 mother, and boar is selected and remain after measurement with the ratio of 5:1, the proportional strength of sow 3:1, and it is new to choose the black pig of final Yangze river and Huai river
Kind.
6. the cross breeding method of the black pig of Yangze river and Huai river according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step C is by 4-5
The black pig performance of the resulting Yangze river and Huai river of the cultivation of generation are as follows:
Reproductive performance: early sexual maturity, feelings phase conception rate 92%, first farrowing sow litter size 10.4,20 days litter weights 39.6 thousand
Gram, 30 days 80.1 kilograms of weight of weaning litters, Suprapubic arch sling litter size 12, being produced core group is 13, litter size 11.7 living, 30
87.5 kilograms of its weight of weaning litter；
The speed of growth: the time that pig weight reaches 100 kilograms is 175 ages in days, price of deed 2.8:1；
Carcass quality: 58% or more carcass lean meat percentage, eye muscle area is 31.0 square centimeters average, dressing percentge 29.1%, and 3 points
Average backfat is 2.98 centimetres thick, and intramuscular fat content reaches 3.5% or more, and meat is excellent, and no PSE and DFD meat occurs；Nen Du≤
3.9%；
Appearance traits feature: whole body dorsal body setae ater, constitution is solid, and structure is well-balanced, and head is of moderate size, and back waist is straight, in body drive
Isometric, leg stern is more plentiful, and four limbs are sturdy solid, and nipple seven is right.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110408707A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-05 | 华中农业大学 | Clone the molecular labeling relevant to bristles color character from InDel segment |
| CN111118177A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2020-05-08 | 广西扬翔股份有限公司 | SNP molecular marker related to swine sexual maturity character |
| CN111418550A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-17 | 广西里建桂宁种猪有限公司 | Breeding method of high-yield breeding pigs |
| CN113973771A (en) * | 2021-09-04 | 2022-01-28 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Method for breeding new Jilin black pigs |
Citations (2)
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110408707A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-05 | 华中农业大学 | Clone the molecular labeling relevant to bristles color character from InDel segment |
| CN110408707B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-02-12 | 华中农业大学 | Molecular marker cloned from InDel fragment and related to pig hair color property |
| CN111118177A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2020-05-08 | 广西扬翔股份有限公司 | SNP molecular marker related to swine sexual maturity character |
| CN111418550A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-17 | 广西里建桂宁种猪有限公司 | Breeding method of high-yield breeding pigs |
| CN113973771A (en) * | 2021-09-04 | 2022-01-28 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Method for breeding new Jilin black pigs |
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Application publication date: 20181207 |