CN109090038A - A kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species - Google Patents
A kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species Download PDFInfo
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- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000012173 estrus Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 244000144980 herd Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003975 animal breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/027—New or modified breeds of vertebrates
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species, including estrus synchronization, sperm dilution, artificial insemination and selection and use again greatly；The step of selection and use includes: to establish rearing new variety Demonstration Base；Set up breeding of method core group, reproducting herd, commodity group；Daqunshan Mountains goat benign epilepsy is established and improved using modern animal breeding theory and method；The outstanding filial generation of breeding is commissioned to train more and supports the stable offspring of selection heritability, expands numerous raising, and cultivation forms Daqunshan Mountains goat new varieties.Tradition breed technology combination selection and use technology of the invention, using used in selection, lateral dominance, while expand numerous mode, it is final to cultivate the Daqunshan Mountains goat new varieties for being formed and there is locality characteristic, and reach self for kind of an ability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to goat seed selection cultivate technical field, especially a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species
Technical field.
Background technique
People had chevon favor and added in recent years, and chevon is expensive, supply falls short of demand.Benign epilepsy construction is several
It is blank, lacks the breeding objective of science, not the seed stock breeding station of oneself.Stud ram is all introduced by outside, wherein the Liao Dynasty
Peaceful down producing goat almost occupies entire kind of this area sheep market, and source is lack of standardization, disunity, very different.This has been resulted in greatly
Green hill Goats Breeds germ plasm resource is mixed and disorderly, and characteristic is gradually degenerated, and appearance traits are inconsistent, and heritability is not sufficiently stable, productivity
It can be irregular.Raiser is mainly improved by increasing the feeding quantity of wether and raising the rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house of the time limit and the ewe that grows up
Its produce meat ability, this result in adult Reproducible ewe utilization rate it is low, merely with 4~5 years old or 2~3 tires.Standby ewe selection intensity
Small or not chosen i.e. whole is reserved seed for planting.Although being improved so as to cause high-quality kind of sheep is introduced, Breeding Effect is bad, Ge Xiangsheng
Produce performance stagnation, though or the amplitude that increases it is little.
Daqunshan Mountains type down producing goat belongs to one of big type of Cashmere Goat nine, because it is distributed in a band along Daqunshan Mountains
The silent river Plain of soil and Daqing Mountain and gain the name.Though Daqunshan Mountains goat lambing with higher, average lambing percentage are
158%.But since breeding sheep utilization periods are short, primiparity ewe proportion is high, accounts for about 50%, and the ewe Milking ability that is averaged is low,
Most raiser stays the mode of reserving seed for planting of a lamb using an ewe, though such hills and mountains sheep breeding potential with higher is caused,
But survival rate is not high, smaller so as to cause breeding basic population, and the outstanding gene in part is eliminated ahead of time and is lost.
All the time, since standby ewe is all reserved seed for planting, most rams are leaned on based on introduced variety, and it is seldom to reserve stud ram for one's own use.
Therefore, Daqunshan Mountains goat remains in natural selection level；In addition it is mainly bred by the way of this friendship, stud ram utilization rate
It is lower.Male and female sheep breeds ratio less than 1:20, the utilization efficiency of high-quality stud ram is significantly limited, to cause genetic improvement
Progress is slow, while improving the aquaculture cost of raising stud ram, reduces culture efficiency.
Although the development of Daqunshan Mountains goat has begun to take shape, Project Areas livestock on hand down producing goat nearly 2,000,000.It is locality nearly ten thousand
The means of production that family and more than 30,000 peasants and herdsmen depend on for existence.But it since long-term cultivation mode is extensive, cultivation unreasonable structure, educates
Kind, reproduction technique fall behind, and group's turnover is not scientific, and suede fineness is thicker year by year, and individual is smaller and smaller, and down quality advantage is lost substantially
It goes, while lacking special feed product, mutton brand is deficient, integrated culture technological gap, and culture efficiency is lower and lower.
Therefore, we are it is necessary to the systematic breeding to Daqunshan Mountains goat, make rational planning for its group structure and aquaculture model, knot
The outstanding advantage of current goat Meat Performance is closed, Daqunshan Mountains meat goat new varieties are cultivated.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat rearing new variety side is proposed
Method, traditional breed technology combination selection and use technology, using while selection, lateral dominance use, while expand numerous mode, finally cultivate shape
At the Daqunshan Mountains goat new varieties with local characteristic, and reach self for kind of an ability.
To achieve the above object, the invention proposes a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species, including estrus synchronization,
Sperm dilution, artificial insemination and selection and use again greatly；
Estrus synchronization makes ewe heat within the time of Relatively centralized；
Sperm dilutes again greatly and technology of artificial insemination, ram utilization efficiency is improved, in addition during expanding numerous, in conjunction with ewe
Superovulation technology；
Selection and use, for selecting the outstanding gene of high yield and high quality naked eyed test；
The step of selection and use includes:
(1) rearing new variety Demonstration Base is established, Daqunshan Mountains goat seed stock breeding station and down producing goat raiser are relied on；
(2) breeding is set up according to seed farm, breeding farm, the ratio that commodity field livestock on hand basis ewe is 8%, 12%, 80%
System core group, reproducting herd, commodity group；
(3) Daqunshan Mountains goat benign epilepsy is established and improved using modern animal breeding theory and method；Including shadow
It rings the research of important economical trait non-genetic factor, influence the research of important economical trait inherent cause, optimal genetic parameter estimation mould
Type screening study, kind sheep individual inheritance evaluation；
(4) meat prominent stud ram is selected, in conjunction with local down producing goat, selects outstanding filial generation, ewe lamb
Optimization is commissioned to train more and supports the stable offspring of selection heritability, expands numerous raising, and cultivation forms Daqunshan Mountains goat new varieties.
Preferably, the estrus synchronization carries out synchronization using drug and the hormone planned oestrous cycle to ewe
Processing, so that reach ewe group concentrates heat in a short time.Estrus synchronization can make ewe heat within the time of Relatively centralized
Technology, help to obtain lamb of the same period with environmental condition, reduce test error.
Preferably, the Daqunshan Mountains goat weight: adult ram reaches 80kg, and adult ewe reaches 45kg, is bred as public
Sheep reaches 45kg, ewes hogg and reaches 35kg, velour yield: adult ram reaches 1500g, and adult ewe reaches 700g, is bred as public
Sheep reaches 650g, ewes hogg and reaches 800g.
Preferably, the selection and use select always there is phase consanguinity with local down producing goat Inner Mongol Alba this
Type down producing goat stud ram is improved.Dilution and technology of artificial insemination reduce the ram number of animals raised to sperm again greatly, reduce experimentation cost.
Preferably, the core group: the Daqunshan Mountains goat sheep stud of the basic ewe of construction livestock on hand scale 500, joint
Core raiser establishes the core group of livestock on hand scale 1000 basic ewes.
Preferably, the reproducting herd: based on basic ewe livestock on hand 300 large-scale raisers, selecting 5 to raise on a household basis and grow
Family amounts to livestock on hand basis ewe 1500 as breeding farm.
Preferably, the commodity group: based on basic ewe livestock on hand 200 middle-size and small-size raisers, selecting 50 to raise on a household basis
Family is grown as commodity field, amounts to livestock on hand basis ewe 10000.
Preferably, the seed farm production seed ram and seed ewe, on the one hand transfer to stay for seed farm group week
Kind, on the one hand for reproducting herd provide it is high-quality after make preparations for sowing male and female sheep.
Preferably, the reproducting herd provides ewe or sheep for the market mainly for the production of breeding sheep, for commodity group.
Preferably, the ewe lamb optimization, a part is used as the swarm optimization of basic ewe in a manner of preferentially choosing,
A part is supplied to other peasant households of Project Areas and is bred, remaining is sold together with public lamb as kind of sheep.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the present invention using selection and use method cultivate new varieties technical system be successfully established and gradual perfection, Daqunshan Mountains
The successful incubation of goat new varieties not only develops with important drive Daqingshan Area Improved down producing goat to meat suede dual-purpose direction
Effect, and it is also very great to the meaning of abundant Genetic Resources of Domestic Animal, while can also be raiseeed to be cultivated using selection and use method
Fowl new varieties provide successful experience and reference.
2, with the foundation of Daqunshan Mountains goat benign epilepsy, it will for BLUP method, MAS, MAI and full-length genome choosing
The implementation for advanced breeding theory and the technology such as selecting provides condition, and then to improving kind of sheep selection accuracy and promote city's herding section
Technical level has a very important role and meaning；It is averaged genetic level in addition, kind of sheep also can be improved, accelerates population genetic
Progress increases raiser's raise benefit.
Feature and advantage of the invention will be described in detail by embodiment combination attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of selection and use process schematic of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species；
Fig. 2 is a kind of lamb optimum choice process schematic of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, technical solution of the present invention will be carried out below
Detailed description.Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained all without making creative work
Other embodiment belongs to the range that the present invention is protected.
From technical level application, China is from application technologies such as kind of sheep measurement, artificial insemination, to statistics sides such as BLUP
The technologies such as method or even DNA marker assisted Selection, molecular breeding have been grasped, but the application of all technologies is all only in the model of part
It encloses, in single field, not formed regional or even nationwide application.Cause to fail to be formed strong kind of sheep measurement service so far
System, the genetic parameter voluntarily estimated without the country, economic weighting coefficient, voluntarily research enjoys the DNA marker of patent right also very
It is few.It is seen on surface, every technology is applied on sheep husbandry, each practical technology can also play far away this technology best effective
Fruit, technical transform are that the potentiality of productivity are also very big.Such as in sheep field computation machine using upper, many Yang Chang in China are equipped with meter
Calculation machine, but largely remain in some word processing work, sheep creation data, kind sheep genetic parameter and productivity
There is also many deficiencies for data managements such as energy parameter etc., needless to say establish regional or even national central database,
Level compares between carrying out field.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, of the invention, propose a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species, including estrus synchronization, sperm
Big times of dilution, artificial insemination and selection and use；The technology mainly used has: estrus synchronization, big times of dilution, artificial insemination these types
Traditional breed technology combination selection and use technology.
Estrus synchronization makes ewe heat within the time of Relatively centralized；
Sperm dilutes again greatly and technology of artificial insemination, ram utilization efficiency is improved, in addition during expanding numerous, in conjunction with ewe
Superovulation technology can accelerate genetic improvement paces.The breakthrough of Semen freezing technique and the successful application of artificial fertilization technology and
The implementation of MOET breeding system will mention for the fast-propagation for improving stud ram selection intensity and service efficiency and high-quality kind of ewe
Feeding cost is reduced for technical guarantee so as to reduce stud ram feeding quantity.
Selection and use, for selecting the outstanding gene of high yield and high quality naked eyed test；Selection and use is a key of this project
Technology, and for a traditional breeding technology of rearing new variety, this project is mainly used for selecting high yield excellent using the technology
The outstanding gene of matter naked eyed test, to improve the defects such as local down producing goat meat production is low.
The step of selection and use includes:
(1) rearing new variety Demonstration Base is established, Daqunshan Mountains goat seed stock breeding station and down producing goat raiser are relied on；
(2) breeding is set up according to seed farm, breeding farm, the ratio that commodity field livestock on hand basis ewe is 8%, 12%, 80%
System core group, reproducting herd, commodity group；
(3) Daqunshan Mountains goat benign epilepsy is established and improved using modern animal breeding theory and method；Including shadow
It rings the research of important economical trait non-genetic factor, influence the research of important economical trait inherent cause, optimal genetic parameter estimation mould
Type screening study, kind sheep individual inheritance evaluation；
(4) meat prominent stud ram is selected, in conjunction with local down producing goat, selects outstanding filial generation, ewe lamb
Optimization is commissioned to train more and supports the stable offspring of selection heritability, expands numerous raising, and cultivation forms Daqunshan Mountains goat new varieties.
The estrus synchronization carries out synchronization processing using drug and the hormone planned oestrous cycle to ewe, thus
Reach ewe group and concentrates heat in a short time.Estrus synchronization can make the technology of ewe heat within the time of Relatively centralized, have
Conducive to the same period is obtained with the lamb of environmental condition, test error is reduced.
The Daqunshan Mountains goat weight: adult ram reaches 80kg, and adult ewe reaches 45kg, and ram hogg(et) reaches
45kg ewes hogg and reaches 35kg, velour yield: adult ram reaches 1500g, and adult ewe reaches 700g, and ram hogg(et) reaches
650g ewes hogg and reaches 800g.
The selection and use is selected always has this type down producing goat of the Inner Mongol Alba of phase consanguinity with local down producing goat
Stud ram is improved.Dilution and technology of artificial insemination reduce the ram number of animals raised to sperm again greatly, reduce experimentation cost.
The core group: the Daqunshan Mountains goat sheep stud of the basic ewe of construction livestock on hand scale 500 combines core raiser
Establish the core group of livestock on hand scale 1000 basic ewes.
The reproducting herd: based on basic ewe livestock on hand 300 large-scale raisers, select 5 family raisers as numerous
Field is grown, livestock on hand basis ewe 1500 is amounted to.The reproducting herd mainly for the production of breeding sheep, for commodity group provide ewe or
Sheep for the market.
The commodity group: based on basic ewe livestock on hand 200 middle-size and small-size raisers, select 50 family raisers as quotient
Product field amounts to livestock on hand basis ewe 10000.
The seed farm production seed ram and seed ewe, on the one hand transfer to reserve seed for planting, on the one hand for seed farm group week
For reproducting herd provide it is high-quality after make preparations for sowing male and female sheep.
The ewe lamb optimization, a part is used as the swarm optimization of basic ewe in a manner of preferentially choosing, and a part mentions
Supply other peasant households of Project Areas are bred, remaining is sold together with public lamb as kind of sheep.
Using used in selection, lateral dominance, while expand numerous mode, it is final cultivate to be formed have the Daqunshan Mountains goat of local characteristic new
Kind, and reach self for kind of an ability.
The course of work of the invention:
Not only lambing with higher, average lambing percentage are 158% to Daqingshan Area goat.And have resistance to thick
The features such as raising, be adaptable.By greatly developing goat industry, will improve simultaneously to the agricultural and sideline crop of patana resource and level land
Utilization rate, be not only the reduction of nature consumption, more important is can reduce feeding cost by scientific utilization grass resources.Such as
Fruit cooperates Daqunshan Mountains goat prolificacy performance, then carries out the advanced breeding measures such as production in 1 year two or 2 years tertiary industrys, will be very big
Raising breeding potential, increase the lamb rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house, improve culture efficiency.In addition, Daqunshan Mountains goat is because of its velour yield with higher,
And cashmere price will be much higher than wool price, therefore relatively raising Mutton Sheep is more advantageous, and culture efficiency is more prominent.
In addition, while completing Daqunshan Mountains goat rearing new variety, by establishing cashmere collecting and distributing centre, poultry transaction living city
Field and Slanghter processing of lamb factory, using goat various product unified sale strategy, in order to grasp market discipline very well, to reduce
Risk increases income from sales.The market of cultivation Daqunshan Mountains goat is not only solved, and improves Daqunshan Mountains goat from cultivation to Tu
Kill the benefit for processing entire industrial chain.
1, will lay the foundation for the successful incubation of the Daqunshan Mountains goat kind, fill up it is local lack autonomous cultivate livestock and poultry species
Blank, for revitalize animal husbandry it is faster and better development source property power and new growth point are provided.
2, local Mutton Sheep Industry healthy and rapid development will be driven, for build up Daqunshan Mountains chevon processing base provide it is high-quality,
Sufficient raw material sources, and then push the healthy and rapid development of Mutton Processing.
3, this industry of Daqunshan Mountains goat is surrounded, will further facilitate the construction of the fodder grasses such as clover processing base, and then band
Dynamic locality planting industry is greatly developed.
4, adaptable using Daqunshan Mountains goat, kind the features such as climbing up by holding on to, utilizes hill covered with grass resource for science, reasonable, effect, avoids
Grass resources waste provides new model caused by herding because of simple taboo.
5, the characteristics of crude feed resistance to using Daqunshan Mountains goat, the utilization rate of the agricultural and sideline crop in local plains region is sufficiently improved, is kept away
Environmental pollution and manpower and material resources needed for supervision waste caused by exempting from because of burning straw；
6, since Daqunshan Mountains goat is mostly to produce based on spring lamb (three, April), by implementing lamb Fattening in shed, not only may be used
To increase the number of heads of livestock for sale, can also reduce by five to October enters the sheep quantity herded Daqing Mountain；
7, breeding potential is improved by carrying out the breedings measures such as 1 year two production, 2 years tertiary industrys, increases fattening lamb total amount of livestock for sale
Amount improves Daqunshan Mountains Goat Raising power.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species, it is characterised in that: diluted again greatly including estrus synchronization, sperm, is artificial
Insemination and selection and use；
Estrus synchronization makes ewe heat within the time of Relatively centralized；
Dilution and technology of artificial insemination, raising ram utilization efficiency surpass row in conjunction with ewe in addition during expanding numerous to sperm again greatly
Technology；
Selection and use, for selecting the outstanding gene of high yield and high quality naked eyed test；
The step of selection and use includes:
(1) rearing new variety Demonstration Base is established, Daqunshan Mountains goat seed stock breeding station and down producing goat raiser are relied on；
(2) breeding of method is set up according to seed farm, breeding farm, the ratio that commodity field livestock on hand basis ewe is 8%, 12%, 80%
Core group, reproducting herd, commodity group；
(3) Daqunshan Mountains goat benign epilepsy is established and improved using modern animal breeding theory and method；Including influencing weight
It wants the research of economic characters non-genetic factor, influence the research of important economical trait inherent cause, optimal genetic parameter estimation model sieve
Choosing research, kind sheep individual inheritance evaluation；
(4) meat prominent stud ram is selected, in conjunction with local down producing goat, selects outstanding filial generation, ewe lamb optimizes,
It is commissioned to train more and supports the stable offspring of selection heritability, expand numerous raising, cultivation forms Daqunshan Mountains goat new varieties.
2. a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the estrus synchronization is adopted
Synchronization processing is carried out with drug and the hormone planned oestrous cycle to ewe, is collected in a short time to reach ewe group
Middle heat.
3. a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Daqunshan Mountains goat
Weight: adult ram reaches 80kg, and adult ewe reaches 45kg, and ram hogg(et) reaches 45kg, ewes hogg and reaches 35kg, produces suede
Amount: adult ram reaches 1500g, and adult ewe reaches 700g, and ram hogg(et) reaches 650g, ewes hogg and reaches 800g.
4. a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the selection and use begins
Selecting eventually with local down producing goat there is this type down producing goat stud ram of the Inner Mongol Alba of phase consanguinity to be improved.
5. a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the core group: build
If the Daqunshan Mountains goat sheep stud of livestock on hand scale 500 basic ewes, joint core raiser establishes 1000 bases of livestock on hand scale
The core group of plinth ewe.
6. a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the reproducting herd: with
Based on the large-scale raiser of basic ewe livestock on hand 300, selects 5 family raisers as breeding farm, amount to livestock on hand basis ewe
1500.
7. a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the commodity group: with
Based on the middle-size and small-size raiser of basic ewe livestock on hand 200, selects 50 family raisers as commodity field, amount to livestock on hand basis ewe
10000.
8. a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seed farm production
Seed ram and seed ewe, on the one hand transfer to reserve seed for planting for seed farm group week, on the one hand for reproducting herd provide it is high-quality after make preparations for sowing
Male and female sheep.
9. a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species as described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that: the reproducting herd
Mainly for the production of breeding sheep, ewe or sheep for the market are provided for commodity group.
10. a kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ewe lamb is excellent
Change, a part is used as the swarm optimization of basic ewe in a manner of preferentially choosing, a part be supplied to other peasant households of Project Areas into
Row breeding, remaining is sold together with public lamb as kind of sheep.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810998912.0A CN109090038A (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2018-08-29 | A kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species |
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| CN201810998912.0A CN109090038A (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2018-08-29 | A kind of Daqunshan Mountains goat cultivating method of new species |
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| CN116420673A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-07-14 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for establishing merino sheep variety fine breed breeding system for Carnis gallus domesticus |
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| CN116420673B (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-11-07 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for establishing merino sheep variety fine breed breeding system for Carnis gallus domesticus |
| CN117296740A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Wearable necklace label for goat breeding |
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