CN105145053A - Selenium enriched-mauve jade Chinese yam planting method - Google Patents
Selenium enriched-mauve jade Chinese yam planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105145053A CN105145053A CN201510465212.1A CN201510465212A CN105145053A CN 105145053 A CN105145053 A CN 105145053A CN 201510465212 A CN201510465212 A CN 201510465212A CN 105145053 A CN105145053 A CN 105145053A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-rowed crossed selenium enriched-mauve jade Chinese yam planting method comprising the following steps of selecting a land, flattening the land, applying fertilizers, placing guide grooves, selecting seeds and processing, retaining water and shielding sunlight, managing the field, preventing disease and insects and harvesting. The Chinese yam seed are processed in a segmental way, so corrosion of the seed segment can be avoided; germination can be accelerated and geminating efficiency can be improved; the length of each seed segment can be shortened, so Chinese yam use amount during the plantation can be reduced; the excessive growth of the Chinese yam cirrus can be prevented, so organic substance complexed by photosynthesis and nutrition absorbed by the yam root can be applied to Chinese yam growth; and output can be greatly improved. A double-row crossed planting method is employed and plantation amount for each mu can be increased compared with the prior single-row plantation method; the selenium enriched land is selected and selenium-containing fertilizers are applied in each fertilizer management, so enough selenium can be absorbed and utilized during the whole growth process of the Chinese yams; and the mauve jade Chinese yams produced by the method is enriched with selenium elements.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field, particularly the implantation methods of a kind of rich selenium Qarnet Huai Shan.
[background technology]
Selenium is the indispensable a kind of element of human body, and in human body, selenium mainly obtains from diet, and therefore, the content of Selenium In Foods directly affects the intake of the daily selenium of people.China belongs to and lacks selenium country, has 22 provinces and regions to lack selenium, and the population lives of 72%, in scarce selenium area, needs supply Se scientific.Guangxi is the large province of rich selenium, is again big agricultural province, and exploitation Se-rich farm products is richly endowed by nature.According to the researching determining of Guangxi Geological And Mineral Resources Departments In Their to Nanning, Qiezhou, the North Sea, four regions, Guigang, selenium-rich soil area reaches 3,181 ten thousand mu, is the extra-large area selenium-rich soil region in flakes that the current whole nation is drawn a circle to approve out.
Qarnet Huai Shan, also known as purple Huai Shan, also claims " purple ginseng ", containing nutriments such as a large amount of protein, polysaccharide and starch, have and grow lung kidney-nourishing, effect of invigorating the spleen to arrest diarrhea, and food flavor is delicious, is one of tonic material of liking of people.By developing and eat rich selenium Qarnet Huaihe River mountain products product, be solve human body to lack one of effective way of this problem of selenium.And containing a large amount of purple anthocyan in mountain, Qarnet Huaihe River, content is 60 times of Bai Huaishan, is conducive to Cardiovarscular, and plays anti-oxidant, the effect of beautifying face and moistering lotion.Often edible rich selenium Qarnet Huai Shan, not only can increase the resistance of human body, reduce blood pressure, blood sugar, anti-ageingly to lengthen one's life, also be of value to spleen, lung, kidney etc., be called " kings of vegetables " by people.
Existing rich selenium Qarnet Huai Shan plantation has started to adopt shallow raw groove directional cultivation technology in a large number, solve traditional planting technology to yield poorly, tie that potato bends bifurcated, potato block size is uneven, appearance is bad, when gathering, the shortcomings such as labour intensity is large, excavate difficulty, mountain, Huaihe River potato block easily fractures.But existing shallow raw groove directional cultivation technology, employing be single file plantation, cause the plantation amount of every mu to fall sharply, per mu yield is not high; Simultaneously in existing planting technology, plant section and be generally 10 ~ 15cm, the kind Huai Shan amount needed during plantation is large; Because there is otch at kind of section two ends, plantation is easily rotted after going down, and bud ratio such as can not to ensure at the problem.
[summary of the invention]
Object of the present invention is exactly the technical deficiency existed for mountain, existing rich selenium Qarnet Huaihe River planting technology, a kind of method that duplicate rows intersects dislocation plantation is provided, kind of a section is processed, plants imputrescibility after going down, and stratification, improve bud ratio, shorten the length of every section of kind section simultaneously, thus reach the consumption of Huai Shan when reducing plantation, ensure germination rate, improve every mu of plantation amount, improve output.Adopt duplicate rows intersection dislocation implantation methods, compared with existing single file implantation methods, significantly can increase every mu of plantation amount, significantly improve per mu yield.Select rich selenium soil to plant, adding in fertility management topdresses at every turn all applies containing selenizing fertile, and ensure that has the selenium of abundance can for absorbing in the whole process of Huai Shan growth, and the Qarnet Huai Shan produced is rich in selenium element.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the implantation methods of a kind of rich selenium Qarnet Huai Shan, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A, selection of land: carry out sampling to soil and detect Se content, select Se content to be greater than the plot of 0.4mg/kg as plantation land used;
B, whole ground loam: turn over ground the wide 1.4 ~ 1.7m of the every furrow of smooth one-tenth, and furrow and furrow interval 0.5 ~ 0.6m, add fertilizer and composite fertilizer makes base fertilizer, then ploughs under in soil, strengthen land fertility;
C, placement gathering sill: rich selenium Qarnet Huai Shan plants and adopts the dislocation of duplicate rows intersection to plant, first at furrow while press the spaced and parallel placement gathering sill of 25cm ~ 30cm, again furrow another side by same intervals intersect in opposite directions dislocation place, " X " font short under making both sides gathering sill form length, and become 10 ~ 15 ° with ground inclination separately, return target when soil covers gathering sill and stays in groove upper end mark to sow, then wait for plantation;
D, seed selection and process: breed with the stem tuber of Qarnet Huai Shan, select epidermis to be cut into a section of about 8cm without insect pest, more intact Qarnet Huai Shan, and be stained with ash in incision, or spray root-inducing powder preparation liquid, or be immersed in root-inducing powder preparation liquid, then take out and can plant;
E, water conservation sun-shading: by covered with sunshade thing after having planted, to keep soil moisture and to prevent from tanning by the sun, be conducive to mountain, Qarnet Huaihe River fast growth;
F, field management:
1) weeding: every mu of use 60% butachlor ec 10 milliliters after rain, is watered 50 kilograms and sprays weedings;
2) staking: after sowing 30 days, mountain, most of Huaihe River seedling exposes native face, should insert lower bamboo pole in time, become duplicate rows man-like shelf, allow mountain, Huaihe River rattan naturally be wound around, and prevents tender rattan withered by shining on ground; When inserting bamboo pole, be inserted in outside gathering sill by bamboo pole, every 2 strains insert one, and every block kind section is implanted in soil, only permit 1 bud and sprout formation 1 plant, if when there is more than 2 plant, weak plant should be rooted out in time;
3) fertility management: topdress 1 time for after the neat seedling of mountain, Huaihe River seedling every 15 days ~ 20 days, connects and executes 3 times ~ 4 times, at every turn every mu of sealing fertilizer 40 kilograms ~ 60 kilograms, containing fertile 20 kilograms of selenizing, will cover earth after fertilising, avoid fertilizer efficiency to lose, in composite fertilizer, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 0.7:0.5:1;
4) water management: spring will hold drain ditch successfully in time; Summer hot and dry weather season, carry out pouring water taking precautions against drought, pour water to keep ridge furrow upper soll layer to have certain humidity, when damage caused by a drought occurs, a water should be filled with every 10 days, keep soil moisture, reduce field temperature; Pour water and should carry out between the lights, drain immediately after filling in 2 hours ~ 3 hours;
G, the extermination of disease and insect pest:
1) pest control: in seedling and vegetative period, with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate l000 times liquid, 80% dichlorvos, 1000 times of liquid, 2.5% time, 3000 times of liquid at plant surface and ground spray, to prevent and treat prodenia litura, mole cricket, cutworm; With Biphenthrin 2.5% missible oil 3000 times of liquid control two spotted spider mite, prodenia litura; Will note during control controlling and early control little, in larva medication in the length of time in 1 ~ February, spray date is selected at dusk, low-gallonage spraying, and except plant being wanted even medicine, near plant rhizosphere, ground also will be sprayed;
2) disease control: first time medication will Huai Shan get rid of seedling added after, premorbid period, premorbid and Chinese yam early growth period 70% safe and sound raw wetting powder 700 ~ 800 times, 75% wetting powder, 600 times of liquid, 80% mancozeb wettable powder 500 times liquid rotation spraying;
H, to gather: when gathering, after soil is opened, whole piece Huai Shan is taken out, gathering sill is also taken out simultaneously, wait until next year and use again.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, following beneficial effect can be obtained: kind of a section is processed, plant imputrescibility after going down, and stratification, improve bud ratio, shorten the length of every section of kind section simultaneously, thus reach the consumption of Huai Shan when reducing plantation, ensure germination rate, improve every mu of plantation amount, improve output.Adopt duplicate rows intersection dislocation implantation methods, compared with existing single file implantation methods, significantly can increase every mu of plantation amount, significantly improve per mu yield.Select rich selenium soil to plant, adding in fertility management topdresses at every turn all applies containing selenizing fertile, and ensure that has the selenium of abundance can for absorbing in the whole process of Huai Shan growth, and the Qarnet Huai Shan produced is rich in selenium element.
Further, the preferred version in step B is Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 300 kgs/acre, composite fertilizer 100 kgs/acre.
Further, the preferred version in step C is that gathering sill selects plastics U-type groove or demifacet PE plastic bushing, and specification is long 1.2m × wide 0.06m × dark 0.03m.
Further, the preferred version root-inducing powder preparation liquid in step D is 0.0025 ~ 0.005%ABT root-inducing powder, and when selecting immersion treatment, soak time is 2 ~ 5min.
Further, in step e, preferred version cover from sun is rice straw or plastic film.
Further, in step H preferred version to be the concrete time criterion of gathering be that mountain, Huaihe River cauline leaf starts jaundice and progressively withered, when stem tuber is ripe.
Further, preferred embodiment when gathering is first strike off with the careful soil that plant is other of potato shovel, stem tuber is exposed, digs out along depth steering handle stem tuber, and in order one by one by having dug.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
[embodiment]
The following examples can help the present invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend, but cannot limit the present invention by any way.
Embodiment 1
A, selection of land: carry out sampling to soil and detect Se content, select Se content to be greater than the plot of 0.4mg/kg as plantation land used;
B, whole ground loam: turn over ground the wide 1.4m of the every furrow of smooth one-tenth, and furrow and furrow interval 0.5m, add fertilizer 300 kgs/acre, and composite fertilizer 100 kgs/acre makes base fertilizer, then ploughs under in soil;
C, placement plastics U-type groove: rich selenium Qarnet Huai Shan plants and adopts the dislocation of duplicate rows intersection to plant, first at furrow while press 25cm ~ 30cm spaced and parallel placement plastics U-type groove, again furrow another side by same intervals intersect in opposite directions dislocation place, " X " font short under making both sides plastics U-type groove form length, and become 10 ~ 15 ° with ground inclination separately, target when returning native plastic covering U-type groove and stay in groove upper end mark to sow, then waits for plantation;
D, seed selection and process: breed with the stem tuber of Qarnet Huai Shan, select epidermis to be cut into a section of about 8cm without insect pest, more intact Qarnet Huai Shan, and be stained with ash in incision;
E, water conservation sun-shading: by mulching straw stalk after having planted, to keep soil moisture and to prevent from tanning by the sun, be conducive to mountain, Qarnet Huaihe River fast growth;
F, field management:
1) weeding: every mu of use 60% butachlor ec 10 milliliters after rain, is watered 50 kilograms and sprays weedings;
2) staking: after sowing 30 days, mountain, most of Huaihe River seedling exposes native face, should insert lower bamboo pole in time, become duplicate rows man-like shelf, allow mountain, Huaihe River rattan naturally be wound around, and prevents tender rattan withered by shining on ground; When inserting bamboo pole, bamboo pole is inserted in outside plastics U-type groove, every 2 strains insert one, and every block kind section is implanted in soil, only permit 1 bud and sprout formation 1 plant, if when there is more than 2 plant, weak plant should be rooted out in time;
3) fertility management: topdress 1 time for after the neat seedling of mountain, Huaihe River seedling every 15 days, connects and executes 3 times ~ 4 times, at every turn every mu of sealing fertilizer 40 kilograms, containing fertile 20 kilograms of selenizing, will cover earth after fertilising, avoid fertilizer efficiency to lose, in composite fertilizer, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 0.7:0.5:1;
4) water management: spring will hold drain ditch successfully in time; Summer hot and dry weather season, carry out pouring water taking precautions against drought, pour water to keep ridge furrow upper soll layer to have certain humidity, when damage caused by a drought occurs, a water should be filled with every 10 days, keep soil moisture, reduce field temperature; Pour water and should carry out between the lights, drain immediately after filling in 2 hours ~ 3 hours;
G, the extermination of disease and insect pest:
1) pest control: in seedling and vegetative period, with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate l000 times liquid, 80% dichlorvos, 1000 times of liquid, 2.5% time, 3000 times of liquid at plant surface and ground spray, to prevent and treat prodenia litura, mole cricket, cutworm; With Biphenthrin 2.5% missible oil 3000 times of liquid control two spotted spider mite, prodenia litura; Will note during control controlling and early control little, in larva medication in the length of time in 1 ~ February, spray date is selected at dusk, low-gallonage spraying, and except plant being wanted even medicine, near plant rhizosphere, ground also will be sprayed;
2) disease control: first time medication will Huai Shan get rid of seedling added after, premorbid period, premorbid and Chinese yam growth at the beginning of
Phase sprays with 70% safe and sound raw wetting powder 700 ~ 800 times, 75% wetting powder, 600 times of liquid, 80% mancozeb wettable powder 500 times liquid rotation;
H, to gather: when gathering, first strike off with the careful soil that plant is other of potato shovel, stem tuber is exposed, digs out along depth steering handle stem tuber, and in order one by one by having dug, while also takes out plastics U-type groove, waits until next year and uses.
Embodiment 2
A, selection of land: carry out sampling to soil and detect Se content, select Se content to be greater than the plot of 0.4mg/kg as plantation land used.
B, whole ground loam: turn over ground the wide 1.7m of the every furrow of smooth one-tenth, and furrow and furrow interval 0.6m, add fertilizer 300 kgs/acre, and composite fertilizer 100 kgs/acre makes base fertilizer, then ploughs under in soil;
C, placement demifacet PE plastic bushing: rich selenium Qarnet Huai Shan plants and adopts the dislocation of duplicate rows intersection to plant, first at furrow while press 25cm ~ 30cm spaced and parallel placement demifacet PE plastic bushing, again furrow another side by same intervals intersect in opposite directions dislocation place, " X " font short under making both sides demifacet PE plastic bushing form length, and become 10 ~ 15 ° with ground inclination separately, return target when soil covers demifacet PE plastic bushing and stays in groove upper end mark to sow, then wait for plantation;
D, seed selection and process: breed with the stem tuber of Qarnet Huai Shan, epidermis is selected to be cut into a section of about 8cm without insect pest, more intact Qarnet Huai Shan, spray 0.0025 ~ 0.005%ABT root-inducing powder preparation liquid, or be immersed in 0.0025 ~ 0.005%ABT root-inducing powder preparation liquid, then take out and can plant;
E, water conservation sun-shading: by cover film after having planted, to keep soil moisture and to prevent from tanning by the sun, be conducive to mountain, Qarnet Huaihe River fast growth;
F, field management:
1) weeding: every mu of use 60% butachlor ec 10 milliliters after rain, sprays weeding to 50 kilograms, water;
2) staking: after sowing 30 days, native face is exposed in the large portion of seedling, mountain, Huaihe River, should insert lower bamboo pole in time, become duplicate rows man-like shelf, allow mountain, Huaihe River rattan naturally be wound around, and prevents tender rattan withered by shining on ground; When inserting bamboo pole, bamboo pole is inserted in outside demifacet PE plastic bushing, every 2 strains insert one, and every block kind section is implanted in soil, only permit 1 bud and sprout formation 1 plant, if when there is more than 2 plant, weak plant should be rooted out in time;
3) fertility management: topdress 1 time for after the neat seedling of mountain, Huaihe River seedling every 20 days, connects and executes 3 times ~ 4 times, at every turn every mu of sealing fertilizer 60 kilograms, containing fertile 20 kilograms of selenizing, will cover earth after fertilising, avoid fertilizer efficiency to lose, in composite fertilizer, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 0.7:0.5:1;
4) water management: spring will hold drain ditch successfully in time; Summer hot and dry weather season, carry out pouring water taking precautions against drought, pour water to keep ridge furrow upper soll layer to have certain humidity, when damage caused by a drought occurs, a water should be filled with every 10 days, keep soil moisture, reduce field temperature; Pour water and should carry out between the lights, drain immediately after filling in 2 hours ~ 3 hours;
G, the extermination of disease and insect pest:
1) pest control: in seedling and vegetative period, with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate l000 times liquid, 80% dichlorvos, 1000 times of liquid, 2.5% time, 3000 times of liquid at plant surface and ground spray, to prevent and treat prodenia litura, mole cricket, cutworm; With Biphenthrin 2.5% missible oil 3000 times of liquid control two spotted spider mite, prodenia litura; Will note during control controlling and early control little, in larva medication in the length of time in 1 ~ February, spray date is selected at dusk, low-gallonage spraying, and except plant being wanted even medicine, near plant rhizosphere, ground also will be sprayed;
2) disease control: first time medication will Huai Shan get rid of seedling added after, premorbid period, premorbid and Chinese yam growth at the beginning of
Phase sprays with 70% safe and sound raw wetting powder 700 ~ 800 times, 75% wetting powder, 600 times of liquid, 80% mancozeb wettable powder 500 times liquid rotation;
H, to gather: when gathering, after soil is opened, whole piece Huai Shan is taken out, demifacet PE plastic bushing is also taken out simultaneously, wait until next year and use again.
Above-mentioned explanation is the detailed description for the better possible embodiments of the present invention, but embodiment is also not used to limit patent claim of the present invention, the equal change completed under technical spirit suggested by all the present invention or modification are changed, and all should belong to the present invention and contain the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. an implantation methods of rich selenium Qarnet Huai Shan, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A, selection of land: carry out sampling to soil and detect Se content, select Se content to be greater than the plot of 0.4mg/kg as plantation land used;
B, whole ground loam: turn over ground the wide 1.4 ~ 1.7m of the every furrow of smooth one-tenth, and furrow and furrow interval 0.5 ~ 0.6m, add fertilizer and composite fertilizer makes base fertilizer, then ploughs under in soil, strengthen land fertility;
C, placement gathering sill: rich selenium Qarnet Huai Shan plants and adopts the dislocation of duplicate rows intersection to plant, first at furrow while press the spaced and parallel placement gathering sill of 25cm ~ 30cm, again furrow another side by same intervals intersect in opposite directions dislocation place, " X " font short under making both sides gathering sill form length, and become 10 ~ 15 ° with ground inclination separately, return target when soil covers gathering sill and stays in groove upper end mark to sow, then wait for plantation;
D, seed selection and process: breed with the stem tuber of Qarnet Huai Shan, select epidermis to be cut into a section of about 8cm without insect pest, more intact Qarnet Huai Shan, and be stained with ash in incision, or spray root-inducing powder preparation liquid, or be immersed in root-inducing powder preparation liquid, then take out and can plant;
E, water conservation sun-shading: by covered with sunshade thing after having planted, to keep soil moisture and to prevent from tanning by the sun, be conducive to mountain, Qarnet Huaihe River fast growth;
F, field management:
1) weeding: every mu of use 60% butachlor ec 10 milliliters after rain, is watered 50 kilograms and sprays weedings;
2) staking: after sowing 30 days, mountain, most of Huaihe River seedling exposes native face, should insert lower bamboo pole in time, become duplicate rows man-like shelf, allow mountain, Huaihe River rattan naturally be wound around, and prevents tender rattan withered by shining on ground; When inserting bamboo pole, be inserted in outside gathering sill by bamboo pole, every 2 strains insert one, and every block kind section is implanted in soil, only permit 1 bud and sprout formation 1 plant, if when there is more than 2 plant, weak plant should be rooted out in time;
3) fertility management: topdress 1 time for after the neat seedling of mountain, Huaihe River seedling every 15 days ~ 20 days, connects and executes 3 times ~ 4 times, at every turn every mu of sealing fertilizer 40 kilograms ~ 60 kilograms, containing fertile 20 kilograms of selenizing, will cover earth after fertilising, avoid fertilizer efficiency to lose, in composite fertilizer, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 0.7:0.5:1;
4) water management: spring will hold drain ditch successfully in time; Summer hot and dry weather season, carry out pouring water taking precautions against drought, pour water to keep ridge furrow upper soll layer to have certain humidity, when damage caused by a drought occurs, a water should be filled with every 10 days, keep soil moisture, reduce field temperature; Pour water and should carry out between the lights, drain immediately after filling in 2 hours ~ 3 hours;
G, the extermination of disease and insect pest:
1) pest control: in seedling and vegetative period, with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate l000 times liquid, 80% dichlorvos, 1000 times of liquid, 2.5% time, 3000 times of liquid at plant surface and ground spray, to prevent and treat prodenia litura, mole cricket, cutworm; With Biphenthrin 2.5% missible oil 3000 times of liquid control two spotted spider mite, prodenia litura; Will note during control controlling and early control little, in larva medication in the length of time in 1 ~ February, spray date is selected at dusk, low-gallonage spraying, and except plant being wanted even medicine, near plant rhizosphere, ground also will be sprayed;
2) disease control: first time medication will Huai Shan get rid of seedling added after, premorbid period, premorbid and Chinese yam early growth period 70% safe and sound raw wetting powder 700 ~ 800 times, 75% wetting powder, 600 times of liquid, 80% mancozeb wettable powder 500 times liquid rotation spraying;
H, to gather: when gathering, after soil is opened, whole piece Huai Shan is taken out, gathering sill is also taken out simultaneously, wait until next year and use again.
2. mountain, rich selenium Qarnet Huaihe River according to claim 1 implantation methods, is characterized in that: in step B, Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 300 kgs/acre, composite fertilizer 100 kgs/acre.
3. mountain, rich selenium Qarnet Huaihe River according to claim 1 implantation methods, is characterized in that: the gathering sill in step C selects plastics U-type groove or demifacet PE plastic bushing, and specification is long 1.2m × wide 0.06m × dark 0.03m.
4. mountain, rich selenium Qarnet Huaihe River according to claim 1 implantation methods, is characterized in that: the preparation of root-inducing powder described in step D liquid is 0.0025 ~ 0.005%ABT root-inducing powder, and when selecting immersion treatment, soak time is 2 ~ 5min.
5. mountain, rich selenium Qarnet Huaihe River according to claim 1 implantation methods, is characterized in that: the cover from sun covered in step e is rice straw or plastic film.
6. mountain, rich selenium Qarnet Huaihe River according to claim 1 implantation methods, is characterized in that: the concrete time criterion of gathering in step H is that mountain, Huaihe River cauline leaf starts jaundice and progressively withered, when stem tuber is ripe.
7. mountain, rich selenium Qarnet Huaihe River according to claim 6 implantation methods, is characterized in that: when gathering, and first strikes off with the careful soil that plant is other of potato shovel, stem tuber is exposed, digs out along depth steering handle stem tuber, and in order one by one by having dug.
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