CN105121979A - 用于微分体液体干燥剂空气调节的方法和系统 - Google Patents
用于微分体液体干燥剂空气调节的方法和系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明揭示一种分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统,用于处理流入建筑物中的空间中的空气流。所述分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统可在暖天气操作模式和冷天气操作模式下的操作之间切换。
Description
相关申请案的交叉参考
本申请案要求2013年3月14日提交的发明名称为“用于微分体液体干燥剂空气调节的方法和系统(METHODSANDSYSTEMSFORMINI-SPLITLIQUIDDESICCANTAIRCONDITIONING)”的第61/783,176号美国临时专利申请案的优先权,该申请案特此以引用方式并入本文中。
背景技术
本申请案大体上涉及液体干燥剂除湿和冷却或加热和加湿进入空间的空气流的用途。更具体来说,本申请案涉及常规微分体空气调节单元与(膜基)液体干燥剂空气调节系统的替换以实现与那些常规微分体空气调节器相同的加热和冷却能力。
干燥剂除湿系统(液体干燥剂和固体干燥剂两者)已与常规蒸气压缩HVAC设备并联用于帮助减小空间中的湿度,尤其在需要大量室外空气或在建筑物空间自身内部具有高湿度负载的空间中。(HVAC系统和设备的ASHRAE2012手册,第24章,部分24.10)。潮湿气候,例如佛罗里达州迈阿密(Miami,FL)需要许多能量来适当地处理(除湿和冷却)空间居住者舒适性所需的新鲜空气。干燥剂除湿系统(固体和液体两者)已使用多年且通常在除去空气流中的水分时非常有效。然而,液体干燥剂系统通常使用浓缩盐溶液,例如,LiCl、LiBr或CaCl2和水的离子溶液。甚至少量此类盐水也具有强腐蚀性,因此多年来已进行许多尝试以防止干燥剂带入待处理的空气流中。近年来已开始努力通过采用微孔膜容纳干燥剂而消除干燥剂带入的风险。这些膜基液体干燥剂系统主要应用于商用建筑物的整体屋顶单元。然而,住宅和小型商用建筑物通常使用微分体空气调节器,其中冷凝器位于外部且蒸发器冷却盘管安装在相比之下需要冷却的房间或空间中,并且整体屋顶单元不是用于维护那些空间的合适选择。
液体干燥剂系统通常具有两种独立功能。系统的调节侧将空气调节至所需条件,其通常使用恒温器或恒湿器进行设定。系统的再生侧提供液体干燥剂的重新调节功能以使得其可以在调节侧上再使用。液体干燥剂通常在两侧之间泵送,并且控制系统有助于视条件需要确保液体干燥剂在两侧之间适当地平衡且适当地处理余热和水分而不会使得干燥剂过度浓缩或浓缩不足。
在许多较小建筑物中,小型蒸发器盘管高悬在壁上或通过画覆盖,例如,通过LGLAN126HNP艺术酷感相框覆盖。冷凝器安装在外部并且高压制冷剂管线连接两个组件。此外,安装冷凝物的排水管线以将冷凝在蒸发器盘管上的水分除去。液体干燥剂系统可以显著减小电力消耗且可以更容易地安装,而不需要需在现场安装的高压制冷剂管线。
微分体系统通常采用通过蒸发器盘管的100%室内空气并且仅新鲜空气通过从其它源的通风和渗入到达房间。这通常可导致空间中的高湿度和低温,因为蒸发器盘管并未非常有效地用于除去水分。相反地,蒸发器盘管更好地适合于可感测冷却。在仅需要少量冷却的时候,建筑物可以达到不可接受的湿度水平,因为没有足够的自然热可用于平衡大量可感测冷却。
因此,仍需要提供一种用于具有高湿度负载的小型建筑物的可改造冷却系统,其中可以低资金和能源成本提供室内空气的冷却和除湿。
发明内容
本文提供用于使用微分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统有效地冷却和除湿尤其小型商用或住宅建筑物中的空气流的方法和系统。根据一个或多个实施例,液体干燥剂作为降膜沿着支撑板表面往下流。根据一个或多个实施例,微孔膜容纳干燥剂并且空气流以主要竖直定向引导到膜表面上且由此自空气流吸收潜热和显热到液体干燥剂中。根据一个或多个实施例,支撑板填充有理想地在与空气流相反的方向上流动的热传递流体。根据一个或多个实施例,系统包括通过液体干燥剂除去潜热和显热到热传递流体中的调节器以及将潜热和显热从热传递流体排斥到环境中的再生器。根据一个或多个实施例,调节器中的热传递流体通过制冷剂压缩机或冷的热传递流体外部源来冷却。根据一个或多个实施例,再生器通过制冷剂压缩机或热的热传递流体外部源来加热。根据一个或多个实施例,制冷剂压缩机可逆地提供加热的热传递流体至调节器以及冷的热传递流体至再生器,并且经调节空气被加热和加湿且经再生空气被冷却和除湿。根据一个或多个实施例,调节器抵靠着壁安装在空间中且再生器安装在建筑物外部。根据一个或多个实施例,再生器通过热交换器将液体干燥剂供应到调节器。在一个或多个实施例中,热交换器包括结合在一起以提供热接触的两个干燥剂管线。在一个或多个实施例中,调节器接收100%室内空气。在一个或多个实施例中,再生器接收100%室外空气。在一个或多个实施例中,调节器和蒸发器安装在平板电视或平面屏幕监视器或一些类似装置的后方。
根据一个或多个实施例,液体干燥剂膜系统采用间接蒸发器以产生冷的热传递流体,其中使用冷的热传递流体来冷却液体干燥剂调节器。此外,在一个或多个实施例中,间接蒸发器接收先前通过调节器处理的一部分空气流。根据一个或多个实施例,调节器与间接蒸发器之间的空气流可以通过一些便利构件调整,例如,通过一组可调整遮板或通过风扇转速可调整的风扇。在一个或多个实施例中,供应到间接蒸发器的水是饮用水。在一个或多个实施例中,所述水是海水。在一个或多个实施例中,所述水是废水。在一个或多个实施例中,间接蒸发器使用膜以防止自海水或废水带入不合需要的元素。在一个或多个实施例中,间接蒸发器中的水并未循环回到间接蒸发器的顶部,例如冷却塔中将发生,但蒸发20%与80%之间的水并且丢弃其余部分。在一个或多个实施例中,间接蒸发器安装在调节器的正后方或紧邻调节器安装。在一个或多个实施例中,调节器和蒸发器安装在平板电视或平面屏幕监视器或一些类似装置的后方。在一个或多个实施例中,从间接蒸发器产生的废气自建筑物空间排出。在一个或多个实施例中,液体干燥剂通过热交换器泵送到安装在空间外部的再生器。在一个或多个实施例中,热交换器包括热结合在一起以提供热交换功能的两个管线。在一个或多个实施例中,再生器从热源接收热量。在一个或多个实施例中,热源是太阳能热源。在一个或多个实施例中,热源是燃气式水加热器。在一个或多个实施例中,热源是蒸汽管。在一个或多个实施例中,热源是从工业工艺或一些其它便利热源产生的废热。在一个或多个实施例中,热源可以交换以将热量提供到调节器用于冬季加热操作。在一个或多个实施例中,热源还将热量提供到间接蒸发器。在一个或多个实施例中,间接蒸发器可以涉及将潮湿的暖空气提供到空间,而不是将空气排出到室外。
根据一个或多个实施例,使用间接蒸发器为空间的供应空气流提供加热、加湿的空气,同时使用调节器为同一空间提供加热、加湿的空气。这允许系统在冬季条件下为空间提供加热、加湿的空气。调节器被加热且自干燥剂中解吸水蒸气并且间接蒸发器也可以被加热并且自液体水解吸水蒸气。在组合时,间接蒸发器和调节器为建筑物空间提供加热加湿空气以用于冬季加热条件。
本申请案的描述决不意欲将本发明限制于这些应用。可以预见许多结构变化以使每一以上所提及的各种元件与其自身的优点和缺点组合。本发明决不限于此类元件的特定集合或组合。
附图说明
图1说明使用制冷机或外部加热或冷却源的示范性三向液体干燥剂空气调节系统。
图2示出并入有三向液体干燥剂板的示范性可挠性配置的膜模块。
图3说明图2的液体干燥剂膜模块中的示范性单一膜板。
图4示出常规微分体空气调节系统的示意图。
图5A示出根据一个或多个实施例的在夏季冷却模式下的示范性制冷机辅助的微分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统的示意图。
图5B示出根据一个或多个实施例的在冬季加热模式下的示范性制冷机辅助的微分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统的示意图。
图6示出根据一个或多个实施例的使用间接蒸发冷却器和外部热源的微分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统的替代实施例。
图7示出根据一个或多个实施例的配置用于在冬季加热模式下操作的图6的液体干燥剂微分体系统。
图8是类似于图5A的示范性液体干燥剂微分体系统的透视图。
图9A说明图8的系统的剖面后视图。
图9B说明图8的系统的剖面正视图。
图10示出根据一个或多个实施例的图6的液体干燥剂微分体系统的三维图。
图11示出根据一个或多个实施例的图10的系统的剖视图。
图12说明根据一个或多个实施例的产生换热效果的包括两个结合塑料管的示范性液体干燥剂供应和返回结构。
具体实施方式
图1描绘如在第US20120125020号美国专利申请公开案中更详细描述的新类型的液体干燥剂系统,所述专利申请公开案以引用的方式并入本文中。调节器101包括内部中空的一组板结构。冷的热传递流体产生于冷源107中并且进入板中。在114处使液体干燥剂溶液进入板的外表面上并且沿着每一板的外表面往下流。液体干燥剂在位于空气流与板的表面之间的薄膜后方流动。室外空气103现吹过这组波浪板。板表面上的液体干燥剂吸引空气流中的水蒸气,并且板内的冷却水有助于抑制空气温度升高。经处理空气104进入建筑物空间中。
在111处在波浪板的底部收集液体干燥剂并且液体干燥剂经由热交换器113传送到再生器102的顶部到达点115处,其中液体干燥剂分布于再生器的波浪板上。回流空气或任选地室外空气105吹过再生器板并且水蒸气从液体干燥剂传送到残留空气流106中。任选热源108为再生提供驱动力。与调节器上的冷的热传递流体类似,来自热源的热传递流体110可以进入再生器的波浪板内部。同样,无需收集盘或槽即可在波浪板102的底部收集液体干燥剂,因此在再生器上空气流也可以为水平的或垂直的。可以使用任选的热泵116来提供液体干燥剂的冷却和加热。还可以在冷源107与热源108之间连接热泵,所述热泵因此泵送来自冷却流体而非干燥剂的热量。
图2描述如在2013年6月11日提交的第13/915,199号、2013年6月11日提交的第13/915,222号和2013年6月11日提交的第13/915,262号美国专利申请案中进一步详细描述的三向热交换器,所有申请案以引用的方式并入本文中。液体干燥剂通过端口304进入结构并且引导在如图1中描述的一系列膜的后方。液体干燥剂通过端口305收集和除去。冷却或加热流体通过端口306提供并且又如在图1中描述以及在图3中更详细地描述与中空板结构内部的空气流301反向流动。冷却或加热流体通过端口307离开。将经处理空气302引导到建筑物中的空间中或根据具体情况排出。
图3描述如在2013年3月1日提交的第61/771,340号美国临时专利申请案中更详细描述的三向热交换器,所述申请案以引用的方式并入本文中。空气流251与冷却流体流254反向流动。膜252含有沿含有热传递流体254的壁255流下的液体干燥剂253。空气流中夹带的水蒸气256能够经过膜252并且吸收到液体干燥剂253中。在吸收期间释放的水的冷凝热258通过壁255引入热传递流体254中。来自空气流的显热257还通过膜252、液体干燥剂253以及壁255引入热传递流体254中。
图4说明经常安装在建筑物中的常规微分体空气调节系统的示意图。所述单元包括产生冷却除湿空气的一组室内组件以及将热量释放到环境中的一组室外组件。室内组件包括冷却(蒸发器)盘管401,风扇407通过所述冷却盘管从房间吹气408。冷却盘管冷却空气并且冷凝收集在排水盘418中且用导管输送到室外419的盘管上的水蒸气。所得的更冷更干燥空气409循环到空间中并且为居住者提供舒适性。冷却盘管401通过管线412接收处于通常50psi至200psi的压力下的液体制冷剂,所述管线已通过膨胀阀406膨胀至低温和低压。管线412中的制冷剂的压力通常为300psi至600psi。冷的液体制冷剂410进入冷却盘管401,其中所述液体制冷剂从空气流408中带走热量。来自空气流的热量蒸发盘管中的液体制冷剂并且所得气体通过管线404传送到室外组件,且更具体来说,传送到压缩机402,其中所述气体再压缩至通常300psi至600psi的高压。在一些情况下,系统可以具有多个冷却盘管410、风扇407和膨胀阀406,例如,冷却盘管组合件可以位于需要进行冷却的各个房间中。
除了压缩机402之外,室外组件包括冷凝器盘管403和冷凝器风扇417。风扇417通过冷凝器盘管403吹室外空气415,其中风扇从压缩机402中带走空气流416所排斥的热量。压缩机402在管线411中产生热的经压缩制冷剂。压缩的热量在冷凝器盘管403中受到排斥。在一些情况下,系统可以具有多个压缩机或多个冷凝器盘管或风扇。主要电能消耗组件是通过电线413的压缩机、通过供应管线414的冷凝器风扇电动机以及通过管线405的蒸发器风扇电动机。一般来说,压缩机使用接近80%的操作系统所需的电力,其中冷凝器和蒸发器风扇各自使用约10%的电力。
图5A说明液体干燥剂空气调节系统的示意性表示。三向调节器503(类似于图1的调节器101)接收来自房间的空气流501(“RA”)。风扇502通过调节器503移动空气501,其中空气经冷却和除湿。所得的冷干燥空气504(“SA”)被供应到房间用于居住者舒适性。三向调节器503通过根据图1至3说明的方式接收浓缩干燥剂527。优选地使用三向调节器503上的膜来确保干燥剂通常被完全容纳且不能够分布到空气流504中。将含有所俘获水蒸气的经稀释干燥剂528传送到外部再生器522。此外,冷冻水509由泵508提供、进入调节器模块503,其中冷冻水带走来自空气的热量以及通过干燥剂527中的水蒸气的俘获释放的潜热。此外使温水506进入制冷机系统530上的热交换器507的外部。值得注意的是,与具有50psi与600psi之间的高压的图4的微分体系统不同,在图5A的室内系统与室外系统之间的管线是所有低压水和液体干燥剂管线。这允许管线为便宜的塑料而不是图4中的制冷剂管线,所述制冷剂管线通常为铜并且需要蒸以便承受高制冷剂压力。还值得注意的是,图5A的系统并不需要如图4中的管线419的冷凝物排出管线。相反地,冷凝到干燥剂中的任何水分作为干燥剂自身的一部分除去。这还消除了在图4的常规微分体系统中可能出现的死水中的霉变问题。
液体干燥剂528离开调节器503并且通过任选的热交换器526由泵525移动到再生器522。如果干燥剂管线527和528相对较长,那么它们可以彼此热连接,这消除了对热交换器526的需要。
制冷机系统530包括冷却循环冷却流体506的水至制冷剂蒸发器热交换器507。液体、冷制冷剂517在热交换器507中蒸发,由此从冷却流体506中吸收热能。气态制冷剂510现通过压缩机511再压缩。压缩机511排出热的制冷剂气体513,其在冷凝器热交换器515中液化。液体制冷剂514随后进入膨胀阀516,其中所述液体制冷剂在低压下快速冷却和离开。值得注意的是,制冷机系统530可以制造得非常紧凑,因为具有制冷剂(510、513、514和517)的高压管线仅需要延伸非常短的距离。此外,由于整个制冷剂系统位于待调节的空间的外部,因此可以利用通常无法用于室内环境中的制冷剂,例如举例来说,CO2、氨和丙烷。这些制冷剂有时优于常用R410A、R407A、R134A或R1234YF制冷剂,但是由于可燃性或窒息或吸入风险,它们在室内是不合需要的。通过将所有制冷剂保持在室外基本上消除了这些风险。冷凝器热交换器515现将热量释放到将热的热传递流体518引入到再生器522的另一冷却流体回路519。循环泵520将热传递流体引入回到冷凝器515。三向再生器522因此接收稀释的液体干燥剂528和热的热传递流体518。风扇524通过再生器522引入室外空气523(“OA”)。室外空气从热传递流体518和干燥剂528中带走引起热的潮湿废气(“EA”)521的热量和水分。
压缩机511接收电力512并且通常占系统的80%的电力消耗。风扇502和风扇524还分别接收电力505和529并且占大多数剩余功率消耗。泵508、520和525具有相对低的功率消耗。出于以下一些原因,压缩机511与图4中的压缩机402相比将更有效地运行:图5A中的蒸发器507将通常在高于图4中的蒸发器401的温度下运行,因为液体干燥剂将以高得多的温度浓缩水而不需要达到空气流中的饱和水平。此外,由于在有效地保持冷凝器515较冷的再生器522上发生的蒸发,因此图5A中的冷凝器515将在低于图4中的冷凝器403的温度下运行。因此,图5A的系统将使用小于图4的系统的电力以用于类似的压缩机等熵效率。
图5B示出与图5A基本上相同的系统,不同之处在于,压缩机511的制冷剂方向已反向,如通过制冷剂管线514和510上的箭头指示。使制冷剂流的方向反向可以通过四向换向阀(未示出)或其它便利构件实现。还可以替代地使制冷剂流反向以将热的热传递流体518引导到调节器503并且将冷的热传递流体506引导到再生器522。这实际上将热量提供到调节器,所述调节器现将形成用于空间的热的潮湿空气504以用于在冬季模式下的操作。实际上所述系统现在正作为热泵工作,从而将来自室外空气523的热量泵送到空间供应空气504。然而,与还时常可逆的图4的系统不同,存在小得多的盘管冻结的风险,因为干燥剂525通常具有比水蒸气低得多的结晶限制。在图4的系统中,空气流523含有水蒸气并且如果冷凝盘管403太冷,那么此水分将冷凝在表面上并且在那些表面上结冰。图5B的再生器中的相同水分将冷凝在液体干燥剂中,对于例如LiCl和水等的一些干燥剂,在适当地进行管理时将不结晶直到-60℃。
图6说明微分体液体干燥剂系统的替代实施例。类似于图5A,三向液体干燥剂调节器503通过调节器503接收由风扇502移动的空气流501(“RA”)。然而,与图5A的情况不同,供应空气流504(“SA”)的一部分601通过遮板610和611的集合引导朝向间接蒸发冷却模块602。空气流601通常在空气流504的流量的0%与40%之间。干燥空气流601现引导通过三向间接蒸发冷却模块602,所述三向间接蒸发冷却模块类似于三向调节器模块503构造,不同之处在于,替代地在膜后方使用干燥剂,所述模块现具有在此膜后方的通过水源607供应的水膜。此水膜可以是饮用水、非饮用水、海水或废水或含有大部分为水的物质的任何其它便利水。水膜在干燥的空气流601中蒸发,从而在热传递流体604中产生冷却效果,所述热传递流体随后通过泵603循环到调节器模块作为冷的热传递流体605。冷水605随后冷却调节器模块503,进而产生更冷更干燥空气504,这随后在间接蒸发模块602中引起甚至更强的冷却效果。因此,供应空气504最终将为干燥的且冷的并且被供应到空间用于居住者舒适性。调节器模块503还接收从空气流501中吸收水分的浓缩液体干燥剂527。稀释的液体干燥剂528随后返回到类似于图5A的再生器522。当然可以使间接蒸发冷却器602位于空间的外部而非内部,但是出于热原因,非常接近于调节器503安装间接蒸发器602可能更好。间接蒸发冷却模块602不会蒸发所有水(通常50%至80%)并且因此采用排水管608。使来自模块蒸发冷却模块602的废气流606(“EA1”)进入外部,因为所述废气流是温的且非常潮湿。
如在图5A中,浓缩的液体干燥剂527和稀释的液体干燥剂528通过泵525穿过热交换器526。如以前,可以热连接管线527和528,从而消除对热交换器526的需要。如以前,三向再生器522通过风扇524接收室外空气流523。并且如以前,热的热传递流体518通过泵520施加到三向再生器模块522。然而,与图5A的系统不同,不存在来自压缩机以用于再生器522中的热量,因此需要提供外部热源609。此热源可以是燃气热水器、太阳能电池板、太阳能热/PV混合模块(PVT模块),其可以是来自蒸汽回路或其它便利热源或热水的热量。为了防止干燥剂528过度浓缩,可以使用可以临时地吸收来自热源609的热量的补充吸热器614。额外风扇613和空气流612随后也是必要的。当然,可以设计且可能不一定需要其它形式的吸热器。热源609确保过量水从干燥剂528蒸发,使得其可以在调节器503上再使用。因此,废气流521(“EA2”)包括热的潮湿空气。再次值得注意的是,在系统的室内组件与室外组件之间不需要高压线。需要用于水供应的单个水管且用于清除过量水的排水管。然而,在此实施例中不再需要压缩机和热交换器。因此,此系统将使用显著小于图4的系统和图5A的系统的电力。主要的电力消耗现在是分别通过电力供应线505和529的风扇502和524以及液体泵603、520和525。然而,这些装置消耗显著小于图4中的压缩机402的功率。
图7说明经略微重新配置以允许在冬季加热模式下操作的图6的系统。热源609现通过管线701将热的热传递流体提供到调节器模块503。因此,到空间504的供应空气将是温的且潮湿的。还可以将热的热传递流体703提供到间接蒸发冷却器602并且将热的潮湿废气702引导到空间而非室外。这提高了系统的可用加热和加湿容量,因为调节器503和间接蒸发“冷却器”602(或“加热器”可以为更好的名字)两者操作以提供相同的热潮湿空气并且这可以是便利的,因为冬季的加热容量通常需要大于夏季的冷却容量。
图8示出图5A的系统的实施例。进气口801允许来自空间805的空气进入调节器单元503(未示出)。供气源从名册803离开进入空间中。平板电视802或画,或监视器或任何其它合适的装置可以用于视觉上隐藏调节器503。外壁804将是安装调节器系统的逻辑位置。再生器和制冷机系统807可以安装在便利的外部位置806中。干燥剂供应和返回管线809以及冷的热传递流体供应和返回管线808连接系统的两侧。
图9A示出图8中的系统的后侧的剖视图。再生器模块522从管线809接收液体干燥剂。还示出压缩机511、膨胀阀516以及两个制冷剂至液体热交换器507和515。为方便起见未示出其它组件。
图9B示出图8中的系统的前侧的剖视图。已省略平板电视802以允许调节器模块503的观察。
图10示出图6的系统的实施例的方面。所述系统具有进气口801以及类似于图8的系统的供应名册803。如在图8中,TV802或类似的某物可以用于覆盖调节器模块503。所述单元可以安装到壁804并且提供空间805的调节。所述系统还具有穿过壁804的排气管606。在室外806,再生器模块902通过干燥剂供应和返回管线809将浓缩的液体干燥剂提供到调节器部分(未示出)。还示出供水管线901。热的热传递流体的源可以是太阳能PVT模块903,其通过管线905提供热水,所述源在通过再生器冷却之后通过管线904将热传递流体返回到PVT模块903。集成的热水储存槽906可以为PVT模块903提供热水缓冲器以及压舱物两者。
图11示出图10的系统的剖视图。调节器模块503可以如间接蒸发器模块602一样清楚地看到。在再生器模块902内部可以看到再生器模块522以及任选的吸热器614和风扇612。
图12说明用于将液体干燥剂供应和返回到室内调节单元的结构809。所述结构包括聚合材料,例如,挤压高密度聚丙烯或高密度聚乙烯材料,包括分别用于供应和返回干燥剂的两个通路1201和1202。两个通路之间的壁1203可以由导热聚合物制成,但在许多情况下可能不必要,因为结构809的长度本身足以在供应液体与返回液体之间提供充分的热交换容量。
已经如此描述了若干说明性实施例,应了解,所属领域的技术人员将容易地想到各种更改、修改和改进。这些更改、修改和改进既定形成本发明的一部分,并且既定在本发明的精神和范围内。尽管所呈现的一些实例在本文中涉及功能或结构元素的特定组合,但应理解,那些功能和元素可以根据本发明的其它方式组合以实现相同或不同目标。具体而言,结合一个实施例论述的动作、元素和特征并不既定自其它实施例中的类似或其它角色中排除。另外,本文所述的元件和组件可以进一步分成额外组件或连接在一起以形成执行相同功能的较少组件。因此,前述描述和附图仅作为实例并且并不既定为限制性的。
Claims (29)
1.一种用于处理流入建筑物中的空间中的空气流的分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统,所述分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统可在暖天气操作模式和冷天气操作模式下的操作之间切换,所述分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统包括:
位于所述建筑物内部的调节器,所述调节器包含基本上垂直定向布置的多个结构,每一结构具有液体干燥剂可以流过的至少一个表面,每一结构还包含热传递流体可以流过其中的通路,其中待处理的所述空气流在所述结构之间流动,使得所述液体干燥剂在所述暖天气操作模式下除湿和冷却所述空气流并且在所述冷天气操作模式下加湿和加热所述空气流,所述调节器进一步包括接近于所述液体干燥剂与所述空气流之间的每一结构的所述至少一个表面定位的材料片材,所述材料片材准许在所述液体干燥剂与所述空气流之间传递水蒸气;
位于所述建筑物外部的再生器,其通过用于与所述调节器交换液体干燥剂的液体干燥剂管连接到所述调节器,所述再生器包含基本上垂直定向布置的多个结构,每一结构具有所述液体干燥剂可以流过的至少一个表面,每一结构还包含热传递流体可以流过其中的通路,所述再生器导致所述液体干燥剂自或从流过所述再生器的空气流在所述暖天气操作模式下解吸水并且在所述冷天气操作模式下吸收水;
位于所述建筑物外部的可逆热泵,其通过热传递流体管耦合到所述调节器和所述再生器,其中所述热泵在所述暖天气操作模式下将热量从在所述调节器中流动的所述热传递流体泵送到在所述再生器中流动的所述热传递流体,并且其中所述热泵在所述冷天气操作模式下将热量从在所述再生器中流动的所述热传递流体泵送到在所述调节器中流动的所述热传递流体;
用于通过所述调节器移动所述空气流的设备;
用于通过所述调节器和再生器循环所述液体干燥剂的设备;以及
用于通过所述调节器和所述可逆热泵循环热传递流体的设备;以及
用于通过所述再生器和所述可逆热泵循环热传递流体的设备。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述可逆热泵包括制冷剂蒸发器热交换器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述液体干燥剂管包括用于将液体干燥剂从所述调节器传递到所述再生器的第一管以及用于将液体干燥剂从所述再生器传递到所述调节器的第二管,其中所述第一管和所述第二管进行紧密热接触以促进从在所述第一管和所述第二管中的一者中流动的所述液体干燥剂到在所述第一管和所述第二管中的另一者中流动的所述液体干燥剂的热传递。
4.根据权利要求3所述的系统,其中所述第一管和所述第二管包括一体形成的结构。
5.根据权利要求4所述的系统,其中所述一体形成的结构包括聚合物材料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的系统,其中在所述第一管与所述第二管之间的所述结构的至少一个壁包括导热聚合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述调节器安装在所述建筑物内部的壁上。
8.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述调节器具有经调适以隐藏在计算机显示器、电视机或画后方的大体上平坦的配置。
9.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其进一步包括所述建筑物中的一个或多个额外调节器,每一者耦合到所述再生器和所述热泵。
10.一种用于冷却和除湿流入建筑物中的空间中的空气流的分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统,所述分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统包括:
位于所述建筑物内部的调节器,所述调节器包含基本上垂直定向布置的多个第一结构,每一结构具有液体干燥剂可以流过的至少一个表面,每一结构还包含热传递流体可以流过其中的通路,其中所述空气流在所述结构之间流动,使得所述液体干燥剂除湿和冷却所述空气流,所述调节器进一步包括接近于在所述液体干燥剂与所述空气流之间的每一结构的所述至少一个表面定位的材料片材,所述材料片材准许在所述液体干燥剂与所述空气流之间传递水蒸气;
位于所述建筑物外部的再生器,其通过用于与所述调节器交换液体干燥剂的液体干燥剂管连接到所述调节器,所述再生器包含基本上垂直定向布置的多个第二结构,每一结构具有所述液体干燥剂可以流过的至少一个表面,每一结构还包含热传递流体可以流过其中的通路,所述再生器导致所述液体干燥剂将水解吸到流过所述再生器的空气流;
间接蒸发冷却单元,其耦合到所述调节器用于接收已流过所述第一结构的所述热传递流体以及已通过所述调节器除湿和冷却的所述空气流的一部分,所述间接蒸发冷却单元包含基本上垂直定向布置的多个第三结构,每一结构具有水流过的至少一个表面,每一结构还包含所述热传递流体从所述调节器流过其中的通路,其中从所述调节器接收到的所述空气流的所述部分在所述结构之间流动,使得所述水由所述空气流蒸发,从而引起返回到所述调节器的所述热传递流体的冷却,并且其中由所述间接蒸发冷却单元处理的所述空气流排出到大气中;
用于通过所述调节器和所述间接蒸发冷却单元移动所述空气流的设备;
用于通过所述调节器和再生器循环所述液体干燥剂的设备;以及
用于通过所述调节器和所述间接蒸发冷却单元循环热传递流体的设备;以及
用于加热所述再生器中的所述热传递流体的热源。
11.根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中所述液体干燥剂管包括用于将液体干燥剂从所述调节器传递到所述再生器的第一管以及用于将液体干燥剂从所述再生器传递到所述调节器的第二管,其中所述第一管和所述第二管进行紧密接触以促进从在所述第一管和所述第二管中的一者中流动的所述液体干燥剂到在所述第一管和所述第二管中的另一者中流动的所述液体干燥剂的热传递。
12.根据权利要求11所述的系统,其中所述第一管和所述第二管包括一体形成的结构。
13.根据权利要求12所述的系统,其中所述一体形成的结构包括聚合物材料。
14.根据权利要求13所述的系统,其中在所述第一管与所述第二管之间的所述结构的至少一个壁包括导热聚合物。
15.根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中所述调节器安装在所述建筑物内部的壁上。
16.根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中所述调节器具有经调适以隐藏在计算机显示器、电视机或画后方的大体上平坦的配置。
17.根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中所述间接蒸发冷却单元位于所述建筑物内部。
18.根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中所述间接蒸发冷却单元位于所述建筑物外部。
19.根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中用于加热所述再生器中的所述热传递流体的所述热源包括燃气热水器、太阳能电池板、太阳能热/光电板,或蒸汽回路。
20.一种用于加热和加湿流入建筑物中的空间中的空气流的分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统,所述分体液体干燥剂空气调节系统包括:
位于所述建筑物内部的调节器,所述调节器包含基本上垂直定向布置的多个第一结构,每一结构具有液体干燥剂可以流过的至少一个表面,每一结构还包含热传递流体可以流过其中的通路,其中所述空气流在所述结构之间流动,使得所述液体干燥剂加湿和加热所述空气流,所述调节器进一步包括接近于在所述液体干燥剂与所述空气流之间的每一结构的所述至少一个表面定位的材料片材,所述材料片材准许在所述液体干燥剂与所述空气流之间传递水蒸气;
位于所述建筑物外部的再生器,其通过用于与所述调节器交换液体干燥剂的液体干燥剂管连接到所述调节器,所述再生器包含基本上垂直定向布置的多个第二结构,每一结构具有所述液体干燥剂可以流过的至少一个表面,每一结构还包含热传递流体可以流过其中的通路,所述再生器导致所述液体干燥剂从流过所述再生器的空气流吸收水;
间接蒸发冷却单元,其耦合到所述调节器用于接收已流过所述第一结构的所述热传递流体以及已通过所述调节器加湿和加热的所述空气流的一部分,所述间接蒸发冷却单元包含基本上垂直定向布置的多个第三结构,每一结构具有水流过的至少一个表面,每一结构还包含所述热传递流体从所述调节器流过其中的通路,其中从所述调节器接收到的所述空气流的所述部分在所述结构之间流动,使得所述水蒸气从所述水蒸发,从而引起所述空气流的加湿,并且其中由所述间接蒸发冷却单元处理的所述空气流排出到所述建筑物内部;
用于通过所述调节器和所述间接蒸发冷却单元移动所述空气流的设备;
用于通过所述调节器和再生器循环所述液体干燥剂的设备;以及
用于通过所述调节器和所述间接蒸发冷却单元循环热传递流体的设备;以及
用于加热所述调节器和所述间接蒸发冷却单元中的所述热传递流体的热源。
21.根据权利要求20所述的系统,其中所述液体干燥剂管包括用于将液体干燥剂从所述调节器传递到所述再生器的第一管以及用于将液体干燥剂从所述再生器传递到所述调节器的第二管,其中所述第一管和所述第二管进行紧密接触以促进从在所述第一管和所述第二管中的一者中流动的所述液体干燥剂到在所述第一管和所述第二管中的另一者中流动的所述液体干燥剂的热传递。
22.根据权利要求21所述的系统,其中所述第一管和所述第二管包括一体形成的结构。
23.根据权利要求22所述的系统,其中所述一体形成的结构包括聚合物材料。
24.根据权利要求23所述的系统,其中在所述第一管与所述第二管之间的所述结构的至少一个壁包括导热聚合物。
25.根据权利要求20所述的系统,其中所述调节器安装在所述建筑物内部的壁上。
26.根据权利要求20所述的系统,其中所述调节器具有经调适以隐藏在计算机显示器、电视机或画后方的大体上平坦的配置。
27.根据权利要求20所述的系统,其中所述间接蒸发冷却单元位于所述建筑物内部。
28.根据权利要求20所述的系统,其中所述间接蒸发冷却单元位于所述建筑物外部。
29.根据权利要求20所述的系统,其中用于加热所述调节器和所述间接蒸发冷却单元中的所述热传递流体的所述热源包括燃气热水器、太阳能电池板、太阳能热/光电板,或蒸汽回路。
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- 2014-03-14 CN CN201480014508.5A patent/CN105121979B/zh active Active
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- 2014-03-14 US US14/212,097 patent/US20140260399A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2014-03-14 KR KR1020177033994A patent/KR20170133519A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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EP2972009B1 (en) | 2019-09-18 |
US10619867B2 (en) | 2020-04-14 |
KR20170133519A (ko) | 2017-12-05 |
EP2972009A4 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
JP2016514245A (ja) | 2016-05-19 |
JP6568516B2 (ja) | 2019-08-28 |
CN105121979B (zh) | 2017-06-16 |
KR102099693B1 (ko) | 2020-05-15 |
EP2972009A1 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
EP3614072A1 (en) | 2020-02-26 |
KR20150119344A (ko) | 2015-10-23 |
WO2014152905A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
US20140260399A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
SA515361072B1 (ar) | 2019-04-10 |
EP3614072B1 (en) | 2022-06-22 |
JP2019215156A (ja) | 2019-12-19 |
US20180163977A1 (en) | 2018-06-14 |
ES2761585T3 (es) | 2020-05-20 |
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