CN105085073A - Special microbial compound fertilizer for controlling powdery mildew of sweet persimmons and preparation method - Google Patents
Special microbial compound fertilizer for controlling powdery mildew of sweet persimmons and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105085073A CN105085073A CN201510559358.2A CN201510559358A CN105085073A CN 105085073 A CN105085073 A CN 105085073A CN 201510559358 A CN201510559358 A CN 201510559358A CN 105085073 A CN105085073 A CN 105085073A
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Abstract
The invention provides a special microbial compound fertilizer for controlling powdery mildew of sweet persimmons and a preparation method. The special microbial compound fertilizer comprises components in parts by mass as follows: 5-10 parts of ampelomyces quisqualis, 5-10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20-30 parts of urine, 20-30 parts of ammonium phosphate, 20-30 parts of potassium sulphate, 80-100 parts of corn steep liquor, 80-100 parts of chicken manure, 100-200 parts of cow dung and 180-200 parts of water. The special microbial compound fertilizer is prepared after the components are fermented for 20-30 days and dried. With the application of the special microbial compound fertilizer, the infection rate of powdery mildew on the sweet persimmons can be remarkably reduced, the yield of the sweet persimmons is increased, and the physiochemical property of the soil is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of compound manure, be specifically related to a kind of the microorganism composite special fertilizer and the preparation method that prevent and treat sweet persimmon Powdery Mildew.
Background technology
In sweet persimmon cultivation, as easy as rolling off a log infection persimmon Powdery Mildew.The pathogenic bacteria of this disease is Ascomycota Powdery Mildew, and germ survives the winter on fallen leaves with cleistothecium, produces thecaspore, propagate by wind-force about mid-April in next year.The spray of the sweet persimmon of main harm, bud and blade, spray, blade and bud form white amyloid plaque, finally cause leaf abscission and spray, bud withered, have a strong impact on growth and the amount of bearing fruit of tree body.The method that tradition prevents and treats Powdery Mildew sprays the medicaments such as Bordeaux mixture, lime sulfur mixture, thiophanate methyl.Although the effect of chemical control Powdery Mildew is better, life-time service agricultural chemicals, can strengthen the resistance of germ, increases the difficulty of control; Agricultural chemicals is residual tree body and fruit, can affect HUMAN HEALTH; Meanwhile, agricultural chemicals is also easy constantly to be accumulated in soil, and spoiled soil structure, affects Soil Microorganism monoid.
The parasitic spore of white powder is a class Sphaeropsidaceae colourless unit cell race fungi, there is superparasitism characteristic, colonize in the conidial stalk of powdery mildew, produce pycnidium, affect the formation of powdery mildew conidiogenous cell and conidial generation, play the effect of preventing and treating Powdery Mildew.Hyperparasite of Powdery Mildew and a large amount of sterilants, sterilant, miticide etc. have consistency, having stronger resistance, can not produce biological hazard to animal and human's body, is the very potential microbiobacterial agent of one, oneself is developed to commodity at present, for the control of the plant powdery mildews such as grape.Subtilis on the one hand can secrete antimicrobial substance, suppresses the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and can the increase of inducing plant endogenous protective enzyme content, improves the resistance of plant; On the other hand, the nutritive substance that the breeding of subtilis will consume around root system of plant in a large number, limits the growth of pathogenic bacteria.Around root system, beneficial microorganism increases, and also will improve Soil structure, increases the content of organic substance in soil, promotes growing of plant.
Summary of the invention
For the feature that Powdery Mildew easily occurs in sweet persimmon process of growth, the invention provides a kind of the microorganism composite special fertilizer and the preparation method that prevent and treat sweet persimmon Powdery Mildew, effectively can prevent the generation of sweet persimmon Powdery Mildew, and the yield and quality of sweet persimmon reality can be improved.
A kind of microorganism composite special fertilizer preventing and treating sweet persimmon Powdery Mildew.Comprise following composition: white powder parasitic spore 5-10 part, subtilis 5-10 part, urea 20-30 part, ammonium phosphate 20-30 part, potassium sulfate 20-30 part, corn steep liquor 80-100 part, chicken manure 80-100 part, cow dung 100-200 part, water 180-200 part.
Microorganism in mentioned microorganism composite special fertilizer is all purchased from Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center (ACCC), and the bacterium numbering of the parasitic spore of white powder is ACCC36952, and the bacterium numbering of subtilis is ACCC19374.After buying back bacterial classification from ACCC, by following mass percent preparation substratum: 3% glucose, 0.5% yeast extract paste, 0.5% wheat bran, 0.1%KH
2pO
4, 0.01%MgSO
47H
2o, by HCl or the NaOH adjust ph to 6.5 of 1mol/L, 121 DEG C of high pressure moist heat sterilization 20min, after being cooled to room temperature, aseptically, by after the parasitic spore of 1% inoculum size inoculation white powder, cultivate 36 hours under 25 DEG C, 150 revs/min conditions, obtain white powder parasitic spore bacterium liquid.
By following mass percent preparation substratum: 0.5% glucose, 1% peptone, 0.5% yeast extract paste, 1% sodium-chlor, after HCl or the NaOH adjust ph to 7.2 of 1mol/L, 121 DEG C of autoclavings, after being cooled to room temperature, aseptically, by 1% inoculum size inoculation subtilis, under 37 DEG C, 150 revs/min conditions, cultivate 36 hours, obtain subtilis bacterium liquid.
The preparation process of mentioned microorganism composite special fertilizer is as follows:
Chicken manure, cow dung accumulation are fully become thoroughly decomposed to after not giving an offensive smell, by parasitic for white powder spore, subtilis liquid and corn steep liquor, chicken manure, cow dung and the water ratio mixed-stacking in claim 1, solid fermentation is carried out after covering agricultural film, the temperature of internal batch is often detected in fermenting process, timely turning is to control internal batch temperature between 30-50 DEG C, after fermentation in 20-30 days, produce a large amount of white hypha in heap, the original stink of material is eliminated and is given out slight ammonia taste.In the ratio of claim 1, add urea, ammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, abundant stirring and evenly mixing.At temperature below 80 DEG C, above-mentioned material is dried through fluidized-bed or naturally dries to water content 10-15%.After cooling, pack is stand-by.
Open under tree dish respectively four symmetrical in radioactivity, the degree of depth is the ditch of 25-30 centimetre, every mu use 50kg microorganism composite special fertilizer and 500kg farm manure after, overlying soil soil also waters sufficient water.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
In the present invention, corn steep liquor is the by product after producing W-Gum.Corn steep liquor and chicken manure, cow dung etc., convenience of drawing materials in rural area, production cost are low, and solid waste gets utilization.Under the prerequisite not departing from basic structure of the present invention, according to local circumstances, alternative some components wherein such as other farm manure, rapeseed cake, chaff skin can be selected.If after preparing micro organism composite fertilizer, can use soon, the micro organism composite fertilizer of production without drying treatment, directly can be used.
Containing the white powder parasitic microorganism biological such as spore, the subtilis flora suppressing the growth of sweet persimmon Powdery Mildew in this microbial compound bacterial fertilizer, the parasitic spore of subtilis peace white powder is adaptable, to plant and person poultry harmless, after being manured into soil, dominant microflora can be formed in soil and continue breeding, thus reaching the object that the long period prevents and treats sweet persimmon Powdery Mildew.
Embodiment
Elaborate below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in the present embodiment.
A kind of microorganism composite special fertilizer preventing and treating sweet persimmon Powdery Mildew.Comprise following composition: the parasitic spore 5 parts of white powder, subtilis 5 parts, 20 parts, urea, 20 parts, ammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate 20 parts, corn steep liquor 80 parts, chicken manure 80 parts, cow dung 100 parts, 180 parts, water.
The preparation process of mentioned microorganism composite special fertilizer is as follows:
By following mass percent preparation substratum: 3% glucose, 0.5% yeast extract paste, 0.5% wheat bran, 0.1%KH
2pO
4, 0.01%MgSO
47H
2o, after being 6.5,121 DEG C of autoclavings, after the parasitic spore of 1% inoculum size inoculation white powder, under 25 DEG C of conditions, cultivating 36 hours under the condition of 150 revs/min, obtains white powder parasitic spore bacterium liquid by NaOH or the HCl adjust ph of 1mol/L.
By following mass percent preparation substratum: 0.5% glucose, 1% peptone, 0.5% yeast extract paste, 1% sodium-chlor, be 7.2 by the NaOH adjust ph of 1mol/L, 121 DEG C of autoclavings, by 1% inoculum size inoculation subtilis after cooling, under 37 DEG C of conditions, cultivate 36 hours under the condition of 150 revs/min, obtain subtilis bacterium liquid.
Chicken manure, cow dung accumulation are fully become thoroughly decomposed to not giving an offensive smell.
In the ratio of claim 1, by white powder parasitic spore bacterium liquid, subtilis bacterium liquid and corn steep liquor, chicken manure, cow dung and water blending and piling, solid fermentation is carried out after covering agricultural film, the temperature of internal batch is often detected in fermenting process, timely turning, to control the temperature of internal batch between 30-50 DEG C, piled up spontaneous fermentation through 20 days, produce a large amount of white hypha in heap, the original stink of material disappears and gives out slight ammonia taste.In the ratio of claim 1, in stores, add urea, ammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, abundant stirring and evenly mixing.At temperature below 80 DEG C, above-mentioned material is dried to water content 10-15% through fluidized-bed.After cooling, pack is stand-by.
The sweet persimmon planting base selecting 3 conditions basically identical in San Lifan town, Luotian County of Hubei Province is tested, 3 repetitions are selected in every sheet base, each selection 10 strain age of tree that repeats is that the sweet persimmon of about 15 years carries out manurial experiment, the symmetrical dressing furrow of radioactivity that four degree of depth are 25-30 centimetre is opened respectively under tree dish, every mu use 50kg microorganism composite special fertilizer and 500kg farm manure after, overlying soil soil also waters sufficient water (process A).Ditch by same mode and use 50kg/ mu Stanley composite fertilizer (N:P
2o
5: K
2o=15:15:15) and after 500kg farm manure (treatments B), overlying soil also waters sufficient moisture, in contrast.Under equal level of management condition, incidence, the sweet persimmon yield and quality of statistics Powdery Mildew, detect change of soil nutrient every sampling in three months, continuous detecting 4 times, averages.
The impact of soil physical and chemical property and powdery mildew infection after microorganism composite special fertilizer used by table 1.
The impact of microorganism composite special fertilizer on sweet persimmon yield and quality used by table 2
Claims (3)
1. the microorganism composite special fertilizer of the sweet persimmon Powdery Mildew of control, it is characterized in that, comprise following composition: white powder parasitic spore 5-10 part (mass ratio, lower same), subtilis 5-10 part, urea 20-30 part, ammonium phosphate 20-30 part, potassium sulfate 20-30 part, corn steep liquor 80-100 part, chicken manure 80-100 part, cow dung 100-200 part, water 180-200 part.
2. a kind of microorganism composite special fertilizer preparation method preventing and treating sweet persimmon Powdery Mildew in claim 1: by chicken manure, after cow dung accumulation makes it fully become thoroughly decomposed not give an offensive smell, by parasitic for white powder spore, subtilis and corn steep liquor, chicken manure, cow dung and water are in the ratio mixed-stacking of claim 1, solid fermentation is carried out after covering agricultural film, the temperature of internal batch is often detected in fermenting process, timely turning is to control the temperature of internal batch between 30-50 DEG C, after fermentation in 20-30 days, a large amount of white hypha is produced in heap, the original stink of material is eliminated and is given out slight ammonia taste, in the ratio of claim 1, urea is added in above-mentioned stores, ammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, abundant stirring and evenly mixing, above-mentioned material is through airing, dry and wait process to control water content within 15%, pack stand-by.
3. a kind of application preventing and treating the microorganism composite special fertilizer of sweet persimmon Powdery Mildew in claim 1: open four dark 25-30 centimetre under tree dish, in the dressing furrow of radioactivity symmetry shape, the standard of 50kg microorganism composite special fertilizer and 500kg well-rotted farmyard manure is used by every mu, after fertilising, mulching soil also waters sufficient water.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102491839A (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-06-13 | 郑州丰沃生物科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing multienzyme-complex organic fertilizer by using Chinese herbal medicine |
| CN102531802A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-04 | 马雨洪 | Multi-element high-activity biological conditioning fertilizer |
| CN102765991A (en) * | 2012-07-28 | 2012-11-07 | 聊城大学 | Biological, organic and inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102965320A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-03-13 | 赵斌 | Bacillus subtilis for preventing and controlling plant fungal disease and application of bacillus subtilis |
-
2015
- 2015-09-02 CN CN201510559358.2A patent/CN105085073A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102491839A (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-06-13 | 郑州丰沃生物科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing multienzyme-complex organic fertilizer by using Chinese herbal medicine |
| CN102531802A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-04 | 马雨洪 | Multi-element high-activity biological conditioning fertilizer |
| CN102765991A (en) * | 2012-07-28 | 2012-11-07 | 聊城大学 | Biological, organic and inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102965320A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-03-13 | 赵斌 | Bacillus subtilis for preventing and controlling plant fungal disease and application of bacillus subtilis |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 袁巧丽等: "白粉寄生孢不同菌株对控制黄瓜和苹果白粉病病菌的试验研究", 《中国植保导刊》 * |
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