CN105073192A - 利用磁共振成像的线性加速器放射治疗的系统和方法 - Google Patents

利用磁共振成像的线性加速器放射治疗的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN105073192A
CN105073192A CN201480014817.2A CN201480014817A CN105073192A CN 105073192 A CN105073192 A CN 105073192A CN 201480014817 A CN201480014817 A CN 201480014817A CN 105073192 A CN105073192 A CN 105073192A
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詹姆士·F·登普西
施玛瑜·M·施瓦特斯曼
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    • G01R33/36—Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
    • G01R33/3607—RF waveform generators, e.g. frequency generators, amplitude-, frequency- or phase modulators or shifters, pulse programmers, digital to analog converters for the RF signal, means for filtering or attenuating of the RF signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
    • A61N2005/1055—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam using magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]
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    • A61N2005/1092—Details
    • A61N2005/1094—Shielding, protecting against radiation
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    • Y10T29/49016—Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making
    • Y10T29/49018—Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making with other electrical component

Abstract

一种与磁共振成像结合的递送线性加速器治疗的系统和方法，其中，线性加速器的部件可以放置在围绕机架的防护容器中，可以与RF波导连接，并且可以使用各种用于磁性和射频防护的系统和方法。

Description

利用磁共振成像的线性加速器放射治疗的系统和方法
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求2013年3月15日提交的、名称为“SystemsandMethodsForLinearAcceleratorRadiotherapyWithMagneticResonanceImaging”的美国专利申请序列号13/841,478的优先权，该申请的申请日和全文公开通过援引整体并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于与磁共振成像结合的线性加速器放射治疗的递送的系统和方法。
背景技术
使用磁共振成像系统(MRI)将放射治疗与重复的实时成像结合在一起，以便在避开附近健康组织的同时更好地定位和处理治疗目标是理想的。虽然MRI和诸如线性加速器(直线性加速器)的放射治疗系统已经彼此单独地运行了很长时间，但是将这两种技术结合也出现了很多显著的技术难题。这些技术难题包括在铁磁和传导性放射治疗设备中产生的通过MRI的主磁体和梯度线圈的磁场和涡电流，两者都能够毁坏MRI提供优质图像的能力。此外，MRI的主磁场能够干扰线性加速器的很多部件，并且直线性加速器部件产生的高功率射频(RF)同样可能毁坏MRI的成像能力。
发明内容
本文公开的是一种将放射治疗和磁共振成像结合在一起的系统和方法。公开的系统的一个实施方式可以包括磁共振成像系统；机架；附接至机架的两个或更多个防护容器，所述两个或更多个防护容器中的至少两个容纳线性加速器的部件；以及至少一个射频波导，其连接容纳在两个或更多个防护容器的至少两个防护容器中的部件。
在另一个实施方式中，至少一个射频波导取向成基本上垂直于磁共振成像系统的主磁体的磁场线和/或可以包括磁性防护。
在再一个实施方式中，两个或更多个防护容器围绕机架的周边基本上等距地彼此间隔。
在还一个实施方式中，系统可以包括不容纳线性加速器的部件的至少一个防护容器。
在一个实施方式中，系统可以包括多个附加的射频波导，所述射频波导和多个附加的射频波导基本上围绕机架的整个周边延伸。在一些情况下，射频波导中的至少一个不传输射频波。
在某些实施方式中，系统可以包括三个防护容器，在第一防护容器中容纳RF功率源部件、在第二防护容器中容纳循环器和AFC部件，在第三防护容器中容纳线性加速器部件。
在再一实施方式中，至少一个射频波导包括RF防护。RF防护可以是RF吸收材料、RF反射材料以及RF反射和吸收材料的多个层，并且可以包括碳纤维、金刚砂、铜、铝、或铜或铝合金或氧化物。
在一些实施方式中，RF防护可以包括水冷却和空气冷却。
本公开的实施方式还可以包括一种以下方法：提供磁共振成像系统；提供机架；将两个或更多个防护容器固定至机架；将线性加速器的部件放置在两个或更多个防护容器中；以及将容纳在两个或更多个防护容器中的至少两个中的部件与至少一个射频波导连接。
在该方法的一些实施方式中，至少一个射频波导可以被取向成基本上垂直于磁共振成像系统的主磁体的磁场线。在其他实施方式中，至少一个射频波导可以包括磁性防护。
在该方法的其他实施方式中，可以包括多个附加的射频波导，所述多个附加的射频波导基本上围绕机架的整个周边延伸。在一些实施方式中，至少一个射频波导包括RF防护，RF防护可以是RF吸收材料、RF反射材料以及RF反射和吸收材料的多个层，并且可以包括水冷却和空气冷却。
参照所附附图和权利要求书，将更好地理解本发明的这些和其他特征、方面和优点。
附图说明
结合附图描述本发明的特征、方面和实现方式，其中：
图1是简化图，其示出了根据本发明主题的实现方式的结合磁共振成像系统操作的放射治疗装置的方面；
图2是图1中绘制的装置的俯视图；
图3是示出示例性线性加速器的各个部件的简化图；
图4是图1中绘制的示例性装置的机架和相关部件的截面图；以及
图5示出了根据本发明主题的实现方式的围绕示例性MRI的磁场强度的示意图。
具体实施方式
本文公开的是用于将放射治疗和磁共振成像结合在一起的系统和方法。图1是示例性放射治疗系统的简化的示意图，该放射治疗系统包括安装在机架106上的防护容器104，机架106能够旋转到不同位置以能够从不同角度进行放射递送。在图1中示出的示例性系统还包括MRI102，其可以用于在放射治疗期间实时成像，并且可以是如所示那样的分体式或开放式MRI(因为放射束不需要被传输通过MRI的侧面，所以其是有益的)。放射治疗装置可以放置在防护容器104内，并且可以用来将治疗束引导至躺在检查台110上的患者108体内的目标处。还示出了波导112，其可以用来连接放射治疗装置部件，如以下进一步解释。图2示出了图1中示出的简化的示例性系统的俯视图。在Dempsey的名称为“SystemforDeliveringConformalRadiationTherapywhileSimultaneouslyImagingSoftTissue”的美国专利8,190,233中描述了相似的系统，该专利特此通过援引并入。本发明的系统在很多方面不同于在Dempsey的’233中公开的系统，主要不同在于本发明的放射治疗系统特别包括直线性加速器。
磁共振成像主要是最常用在放射学中对身体的内部结构和功能成像的医学成像技术。MRI例如由E.MARKHAACKE等人在MAGNETICRESONANCEIMAGING:PHYSICALPRINCIPLESANDSEQUENCEDESIGN(Wiley-Liss1999)中描述，其特此通过援引并入。在图1中示出的分体式磁系统包括一对主磁体，并且还能够包括未示出的常规的MRI部件，例如，分体式梯度线圈、匀场线圈和RF系统。主磁体产生的磁场的强度可以变化，但是在本发明系统的实施方式中，主磁场强度是0.35T。
线性粒子加速器(也成为直线性加速器)是用来以高速加速亚原子离子的粒子加速器类型。直线性加速器由例如C.J.KARZMARK等人在MEDICALELECTRONACCELERATORS(McGraw-Hill公司，HealthProfessionsDivision1993)描述，其特此通过援引并入。直线性加速器可以设计成以范围在4至6兆电子伏特(MV)加速电势加速相对低能的电子，并且具有驻波导以使其紧凑，并且可以例如以S带频或X带频操作。
图3包括线性加速器300的一些主要部件的简化图。简化的示例性直线性加速器可以包括脉冲调制器304，其可以放大来自电源302的AC功率，将其整流成DC功率，并且产生用来给电子枪312和RF功率源306供电的高压DC脉冲。高压电缆将脉冲调制器304电连接到电子枪312和RF功率源306。RF功率源306可以是例如磁电管或速调管。
RF功率源306产生脉冲功率可以为大约2.5兆瓦(MW)的微波脉冲，并通过波导307将其发送到加速共振腔316。波导307可以由波导气体系统308加压。加速共振腔316可以由真空泵318排空，并且使用来自RF功率源306的RF脉冲来加速电子枪312产生的电子束314。电子枪312产生电子暴，其进入加速共振腔316，共振腔由来自RF功率源306的RF脉冲激励，加速电子束以接近光束。
电子束314可以可选地对准通常由钨制成的靶320，以产生用于x射线/光子束治疗的轫致辐射X射线，或者对于电子束治疗可以去除靶。产生的束可以可选地在进入准直器326之前，通过整平过滤器322，准直器326可以是如以下进一步描述的多叶式滤波器。
在图3中示出的示例性的简化的线性加速器300还包括循环器310和自动频率控制系统(AFC)328。循环器310可以控制RF波的流动。例如，其可以发送由波导反射的能量到RF垃圾靶(dump)，而不是允许该能量返回到RF功率源306，这样的返回会导致干扰或破坏。循环器310还可以将反射的RF波传输到AFC328，AFC328可以监测反射波以确定加速共振腔316的共振频率是否由于例如加热而已经改变。AFC328然后可以与控制单元332通信，或者直接与RF功率源306通信，以调整RF功率源306发送的RF波的频率。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，线性加速器的各个部件包括但不限于图3中示出的直线性加速器部件，可以将线性加速器的各个部件分离成可以附接到机架106的两组或更多组部件。图4示出了这种布置的一个实施方式，其中线性加速器部件可以分组并且放置在围绕机架106的防护容器104中。在线性加速器部件的特别的分组需要这么多的情况下，RF波导112可以围绕机架106放置，连接各个防护容器104和其中的线性加速器部件。例如，如果RF功率源306位于一个防护容器中，并且包括电子枪312、加速共振腔316、靶320和头部324的线性加速器在分离的防护容器104中，那么就会需要RF波导112(如图3中所示，需要波导307来将RF能量从RF功率源306传输到加速共振腔316)。
本发明考虑了线性加速器部件的可能划分和分组的任何数量以及围绕机架106间隔以容纳这些部件的防护容器104的任何数量。此外，如果需要多个放射治疗束，那么可以将产生超过一个线性加速器的部件划分和分组在围绕机架106的防护容器104中。
在图4所示的一个实施方式中，可以具有三个围绕机架106的周边彼此基本上等距间隔的防护容器104，其中波导112将防护容器104串联连接。线性加速器部件的各个分组可以放置在每个防护容器104中。在示例性实施方式中，线性加速器的主要部件可以按如下方式划分：RF功率源部件404可以放置在一个防护容器104中，循环器和AFC部件406可以放置在另一个防护容器104中，以及线性加速器部件402(例如，电子枪312、加速共振腔316、靶320、头部324和准直装置326)可以放置在第三防护容器104中。在这个实施方式以及其他考虑的实施方式中，在方便的情况下，可以将附加的线性加速器部件分布在防护容器104中。此外，一些线性加速器部件可以脱离机架106定位。例如，脉冲调制器304可以定位在机架上、在机架支撑座上、在机架106外的分离的舱体中，或者可以在系统的RF防护室外。本发明的系统和方法不需要特定数量的防护容器104或者线性加速器部件的任何特定的分组或定位。本文描述的实施方式仅仅是根据与本发明主题相关的方面的实例，并且任何对于特定布置的限制仅仅在权利要求书中做出。
本发明的一个实施方式可以包括如本文所述的一个或多个防护容器104、或者仅由以下材料构成的防护容器104：所述材料模仿放置在不包括线性加速器的部件的机架106周围的防护容器的铁磁和传导性方面。当不需要防护容器保持和/或防护线性加速器部件，但是有益于简化使整个系统变薄以用于MRI102的优质成像所需要的磁场均匀性的能力时，可以包括这种附加的防护容器104。类似地，本发明的实施方式可以包括一个或多个波导112，其在不需要将RF波从一个防护容器104传输到另一个时(因为容器不包括线性加速器部件或者因为防护容器中的部件不涉及RF波的传输)，可以仅由模仿其他波导112的铁磁和传导性方面的相似材料制成。
防护容器104的实施方式已经在Shvartsman等人的、名称为“MethodAndApparatusForShieldingALinearAcceleratorAndAMagneticResonanceImagingDeviceFromEachOther”的美国专利申请12/837,309中描述，其特此通过援引并入。防护容器104可以设计成防护各个线性加速器部件免受MRI102的磁场干扰。这种防护的一个实例包括由高磁导性材料制成的壳体。该壳体可以是圆柱形的，其中壳体的一个或两个端部打开。虽然圆柱形状是优选的，但是公开的防护壳体可以是其他形状。壳体的厚度可以根据壳体材料的性质和防护的磁场的性质选择。壳体可以由无取向硅钢形成，例如铁镍合金，例如由蒂森克虏伯钢铁公司(ThyssenKruppSteel)销售的商品名称为530-50AP并且厚度为例如大约5mm的商业上可获得的材料。其他材料选项包括M19钢、M45钢和CarpenterHighPermeability“49”钢。壳体的外径和长度可以变化；在一个实施方式中，外径是大约30cm，长度是大约70cm。
在一些实施方式中，防护容器104可以包括多个防护壳体。多个防护壳体可以是钢的同心/同轴层，其可以由空气层或其他绝缘材料层分离。在这些实施方式中，内壳体可以具有比外壳体高的磁导率但是低的饱和通量密度，因为外壳体已经很大程度地降低了来自MRI102的磁场。在另一实施方式中，载流线圈可以用在内壳体内部或者外壳体外部以消除剩余磁场。
防护容器104的实施方式也可以包括RF防护，从而减小RF能量从线性加速器部件到周围环境的泄露。这种防护可以采取RF吸收和/或RF反射材料的附加壳体的形式，如在申请12/837,309中详述并且以下进一步详述的那样。
如上所述，射频波导112是能够将RF波能量从例如RF功率源306传输到循环器310和加速共振腔316的结构。在本发明的实施方式中，考虑至少一个波导112将连接容纳线性加速器的部件的两个防护容器104。在其他实施方式中，波导112将连接多对防护容器104。在示例性实施方式中，波导112将连接位于机架106上、基本上围绕机架106的整个周边跨度的多个防护容器104。如以上详细描述，即使容纳在每个防护容器104中的线性加速器部件不需要通过波导连接，这种实施方式也可以实施。该实施方式可以有益于促进MRI102变薄，以用于最佳的磁场均匀性。
在一个实施方式中，如图4所示，波导112可以从RF功率源部件404延伸到循环器和AFC部件406，到线性加速器部件402，返回到RF功率源部件404。如果需要，多个RF波导112可以在防护容器104之间延伸。例如，如果需要基于容纳其中的线性加速器部件在两个防护容器104之间在两个方向上传输RF波。在这种实施方式中，优选地，在每对防护容器104之间放置相同数量的波导，以使得在机架106的整个周边存在大体的对称性。
在一个实施方式中，波导112可以由铜制成。在其他实施方式中，波导112可以由多种材料制成，例如内部涂覆有铜、银、金或其他传导性材料的非铁磁性金属。在示例性实施方式中，波导112可以由波导气体系统308利用惰性气体(例如SF-6)加压，以防止电介质击穿，并且可以具有下列规格：空心矩形波导，EIA:WR284，RCSC:WG10，IEC:R32，S带频，推荐频带(GHz)：2.60—3.95，低截止频率GHz2.078，高截止频率GHz4.156，内波导尺寸(英寸)：2.840×1.340，其中壁厚度WG10:0.08英寸。如所属领域公知，波导112还应该被设计在弯曲半径限制内。
在不需要波导112传输RF波的实施方式中，它们可以仅仅由模仿其他波导112的铁磁和传导性能的材料制成。
在一个实施方式中，可以利用例如以上相对于防护容器104讨论的构思、材料和设计，磁性防护波导112。也可以使用的防护构思和设计在Shvartsman等人的名称为“SystemsAndMethodsForRadiotherapyWithMagneticResonanceImaging”的美国专利申请13/801,680中公开，该专利申请通过援引并入本文。
在示例性实施方式中，波导112不需要磁性防护，但是相反被定向成基本上垂直于主MRI磁体的磁力线。图5示出了具有0.35T主磁体的分裂式MRI102的磁场强度的轮廓502的示意图。图5示出了示例性主磁体504的俯视图，该主磁体504也在图2中示出为磁体半体102。在图5的轮廓示意图中的直角标记506表明也如图2中所示那样在波导112的优选位置处的MRI102的磁场线将导致波导112基本上垂直于磁场线。
本发明的系统和方法还包括放射防护和吸收材料的多种类型和布置。如以上讨论，线性加速器的RF功率源306和电子枪312涉及大量射频能量的产生。这种能量还经由波导传输通过整个系统，并且在诸如循环器310或AFC328的附加的线性加速器部件中传输。本文公开的射频防护的实施方式控制这种能量的分配和传输，以便限制对MRI获取优质图像能力的消极影响，该消极影响来源于涡电流或对MRI射频线圈的干扰。
如上所述，本发明的一个实施方式涉及以例如RF反射材料(例如，铜或铝)和/或RF吸收材料(例如，碳纤维或金刚砂(SiC))的一个或多个壳体的形式，将RF防护包括作为防护容器104的一部分。在一些实施方式中，壳体的层可以由不同材料的组合或由相同材料制成。例如，在一些实施方式中，防护壳体层可以包括RF吸收材料和RF反射材料形成的交替层。在这种实施方式中，希望在防护壳体的层之间提供空气间隙。
当防护容器104包括涉及RF能量的大量产生的线性加速器部件时，容器104还可以可选地包括覆盖开放式圆柱形防护罩的顶部和底部的RF防护。当防护容器104包括线性加速器本身时，治疗束因而将通过RF防护。在这种情况下，RF防护材料优选地是均匀的并且最小程度地衰减放射治疗束。
除了结合防护容器104包括RF防护之外，本发明的某些实施方式将围绕例如波导112提供附加的RF防护。从波导112泄露的RF能量的量可能会小，并且不会必须要求防护，然而，RF防护优选地包括在泄露可能发生的任何位置，例如在凸缘、波导的连接点、RF槽、耦合器等。
防护材料可以包括诸如碳纤维或金刚砂(SiC)的RF吸收材料和诸如铜或铝的RF反射材料。在一些实施方式中，有利的是提供RF反射材料和RF吸收材料的多个交替层。
附加地，这种RF吸收/防护材料可以用作放置有本发明的系统的室的内表面的衬底。室壁、天花板和地板可以衬有网格或劈分的碳纤维、碳纤维壁纸、碳纤维嵌板、碳纤维涂料等。此外，RF吸收/防护材料可以放置在MRI102的外表面上、在机架106上、在任何线性加速器部件或未放置于机架106或MRI102上的其他部件(例如，如果脉冲调制器304未定位在机架上)。
本文公开的RF防护材料可以是挠性的，并且可以围绕各种部件包裹，或者可以模铸成适合部件的形状。
如果需要，可以为RF防护/吸收材料提供冷却。可以使用各种已知的冷却方法。例如，冷却系统可以包括用于使防护/吸收材料附近的流体循环的流体承载管道。此外，可以通过包括用于使空气穿过RF防护/吸收材料的表面移动的系统而提供空气冷却。
图4还示出了附接至机架106并与每个防护容器104关联的准直装置408。例如，准直装置408可以是多叶式准直器(MLC)，其典型地具有两组相对的叶片对，这些叶片独立移动并且能够打开以形成各种形状和尺寸的孔。叶片可以由钨或者用于阻挡放射的任何合适一种或多种材料制成。MLC还可以在叶片的长边和前部使用凸出或沟槽布置以限制内叶片放射泄露，并且能够配置用于叶片在闭合位置的交错接合。每组叶片中的每个叶片可以能够独立运动，并且可以由叶片马达通过连接杆驱动。MLC控制系统可以控制两个相对组的叶片以将每个叶片的边缘独立定位在特定位置，从而阻止放射束并形成特定形状的场尺寸。MLC叶片、马达和其他部件可以由外罩支撑，该外罩然后附接到机架106。例如，外罩可以由铝制成。
在一个实施方式中，可以仅有一个与一个防护容器104关联的准直装置408，该防护容器104容纳产生实际治疗束的线性加速器部件。附加的装置408可以仅是附加的传导元件，其用于降低在MRI梯度线圈操作期间产生的涡电流的消极成像影响。这种装置可以设计成如在Shvartsman等人的、名称为“SystemsAndMethodsForRadiotherapyWithMagneticResonanceImaging”的美国专利申请13/801,680中描述的那样，该专利申请通过援引并入。根据并入的申请的教导，本发明的系统的实施方式可以包括例如附加的传导元件。在一个实施方式中，多叶片式准直器占据如408所示的接近容纳线性加速器的防护容器104的空间，而五个附加的等间距的导体元件附接在机架106的剩余周边周围。
申请13/801,680和12/837,309中公开的附加的匀场和防护构思也可应用于本文公开的系统和方法，并且也通过援引整体并入。例如，可以通过可选地由钕铁硼(NdFeB)制成的永磁体提供用于磁场均匀性的附加匀场。永磁体的极性取向应该是使得它们抵消MRI的主磁场和在MRI102附近的各种铁磁材料中引入的磁场。可以利用诸如FARADAY的建模软件或诸如VectorField的任何其他合适的软件确定磁体设计的强度、场取向和位置的取消效果，FARADAY可以从IntegratedEngineeringSoftware获得，其中进一步的结果分析可能在诸如MATALAB的程序或者诸如FORTRAN的其他合适的软件中执行。作为永磁体的备选，可以使用有源绕组。这种有源匀场构思在Shvartsman等人的、名称为“ActiveResistiveShimmingForMRIDevices”的美国申请13/324,850中公开，其也通过援引并入本文。
本文描述的主题可以根据期望的结构体现在系统、设备、方法和/或物品中。前述说明中阐述的实现方式并不代表根据本文所述的主题的所有实现方式。实际上，它们仅仅是一些根据与本描述的主题相关的方面的一些实例。虽然以上已经详细描述了一些变型，但是其他修改或增加也是可以的。具体地，除了本文阐述之外，可以提供其他特征和/或变型。例如，以上描述的实现方式可以涉及公开特征的各种组合和子组合和/或以上公开的多个其他特征的组合和子组合。因此，本发明的精神和范围不应该局限于以上所述的示例性实现方式，而是仅受限于本公开文本公布的权利要求书及其等效物。此外，附图中所示和/或本文所描述的逻辑流程不必要求所示的特定顺序或者连续顺序，以获得期望结构。
本公开文本考虑了本文的实现方式中公开的计算方法可以应用本文中教导的相同构思的多种方式执行，并且这种计算方法等价于公开的实现方式。此外，上述优点并不旨在将公布的权利要求的应用限制在实现这些任何或所有优点的过程和结构。其他实现方式也在所附权利要求的范围内。
附加地，章节标题不应该限制或表征在由本公开文本公布的权利要求中阐述的发明。具体地并且通过实例，虽然标题称为“技术领域”，但是这种要求不应该受到在该标题下被选择来描述所谓技术领域的语言的限制。此外，不应该将“背景技术”中技术的说明解释成对技术是在本公开文本中的任何发明之前的认可。不应该将“发明内容”解释成公布的权利要求中阐述的发明的特征。此外，通常对本公开文本的任何引用或者单独使用词汇“发明”并不旨在暗示对所附权利要求书的范围的任何限制。可以根据本公开文本公布的多个权利要求的限制阐述多个发明，并且这些权利要求相应地限制由此保护的发明及其等效物。
在以上描述的说明及权利要求中，诸如“至少一个”或“一个或多个”的短语之后可以跟随在元件或特征的联合列表。术语“和/或”也可以出现在一个或多个元件或特征的列表中。除了以其他方式由使用其的上下文暗示或者清楚否定之外，这种短语旨在单独地表示列出的元件或特征中任何一个，或者表示记载的元件或特征中的任何一个与其他记载的元件或特征中任何一个相结合。例如，短语“A和B中至少一个”、“A和B中一个或多个”以及“A和/或B”均旨在表示“单独的A、单独的B、或者A和B一起”。类似的解释也可以用于包括三个或更多个项目的列表。例如，短语“A、B和C中至少一个”、“A、B和C中一个或多个”以及“A、B和/或C”每个旨在表示“单独的A、单独的B、单独的C、A和B一起、A和C一起，B和C一起、或者A和B和C一起”。
上文和在权利要求书中使用术语“基于”旨在表示“至少部分基于”，以使得未记载的特征或元件也被允许。

Claims (20)

1.一种系统，其包括：
磁共振成像系统；
机架，其围绕磁共振成像系统的检查台可旋转至不同位置；
附接至机架的多个防护容器，所述防护容器中的至少两个容纳线性加速器的部件；以及
射频波导，其连接容纳在多个防护容器的至少两个防护容器中的部件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，射频波导取向成基本上垂直于磁共振成像系统的主磁体的磁场线。
3.根据权利要求1至2中任一项所述的系统，其中，射频波导包括磁性防护。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的系统，其中，多个防护容器围绕机架的周边基本上等距地彼此间隔。
5.根据权利要求4所述的系统，其中，多个防护容器包括附加的防护容器，其不容纳线性加速器的部件。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的系统，还包括多个附加的射频波导，射频波导和多个附加的射频波导基本上围绕机架的整个周边延伸。
7.根据权利要求6所述的系统，其中，多个附加的射频波导中的至少一个不传输射频波。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的系统，其中，多个防护容器包括容纳RF功率源部件的第一防护容器、容纳循环器和AFC部件的第二防护容器和容纳线性加速器部件的第三防护容器。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的系统，其中，射频波导包括RF防护。
10.根据权利要求9所述的系统，其中，RF防护包括RF吸收材料、RF反射材料以及RF反射和吸收材料的多个层中的至少一种。
11.根据权利要求9至10中任一项所述的系统，其中，RF防护包括铜、铝、铜和铝的合金、铜和铝的氧化物、碳纤维和金刚砂中的至少一种。
12.根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的系统，其中，RF防护包括水冷却和空气冷却中的至少一种。
13.一种方法，其包括：
将多个防护容器固定至机架，该机架围绕磁共振成像系统的检查台可旋转到不同位置；
将线性加速器的部件放置在多个防护容器中的至少两个中；以及
将容纳在多个防护容器中的至少两个中的部件与至少一个射频波导连接。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，至少一个射频波导被取向成基本上垂直于磁共振成像系统的主磁体的磁场线。
15.根据权利要求13至14中任一项所述的方法，其中，至少一个射频波导包括磁性防护。
16.根据权利要求13至15中任一项所述的方法，还包括连接多个附加的射频波导，所述多个附加的射频波导基本上围绕机架的整个周边延伸。
17.根据权利要求13至16中任一项所述的方法，其中，至少一个射频波导包括RF防护。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中，RF防护包括RF吸收材料、RF反射材料以及RF反射和吸收材料的多个层中的至少一种。
19.根据权利要求17至18中任一项所述的方法，其中，RF防护包括铜、铝、铜和铝的合金、铜和铝的氧化物、碳纤维和金刚砂中的至少一种。
20.根据权利要求17至19中任一项所述的方法，其中，RF防护包括水冷却和空气冷却中的至少一种。
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CN106405458A (zh) * 2016-08-30 2017-02-15 凯思轩达医疗科技无锡有限公司 一种用于核磁共振的扫描线圈
CN106405458B (zh) * 2016-08-30 2020-01-14 凯思轩达医疗科技无锡有限公司 一种用于核磁共振的扫描线圈
CN110382049A (zh) * 2016-12-13 2019-10-25 优瑞技术公司 放射治疗系统和方法
CN111712298A (zh) * 2017-12-06 2020-09-25 优瑞技术公司 多模态放射疗法的优化
CN111712298B (zh) * 2017-12-06 2023-04-04 优瑞技术公司 放射疗法系统
CN112654393A (zh) * 2018-07-16 2021-04-13 医科达有限公司 放疗设备
CN112654393B (zh) * 2018-07-16 2023-07-04 医科达有限公司 放疗设备
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CN109718473A (zh) * 2019-01-17 2019-05-07 冷新涛 一种量子细胞共振仪

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