CN105029105A - Low-cost and easy-to-eat mullet compound feed and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Low-cost and easy-to-eat mullet compound feed and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-cost and easy-to-eat mullet compound feed and further relates to a manufacturing method of the low-cost and easy-to-eat mullet compound feed. The low-cost and easy-to-eat mullet compound feed comprises, by mass, 10-20 parts of pure squid powder, 10-20 parts of bean pulp, 10-20 parts of cottonseed meal, 8-16 parts of wheat bran, 8-14 parts rice bran, 8-14 parts of dried potato powder, 6-10 parts of dried earthworm powder, 6-12 parts of caloglossa, 4-6 parts of pea meal, 4-6 parts of dried hawthorn powder, 4-6 parts of shepherd's purse, 3-5 parts of cordate houttuynia, 3-5 parts of selfheal, 2-4 parts of honeysuckle, 2-4 parts of Physalis angulata L., 2-4 parts of Indian kalimeris herb, 1-3 parts of Polygonum orientale L. Sp, 1-3 parts of spina date seeds, 1-3 parts of tape grass, 1-3 parts of garlic and the like. The low-cost and easy-to-eat mullet compound feed is low in cost, the raw materials are environmentally friendly, and mullets like to eat the low-cost and easy-to-eat mullet compound feed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fish meal, particularly a kind of cost mullet mixed feed that is low, easily upper food; The invention still further relates to a kind of above-mentioned cost preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food.
Background technology
The most pressing issues that the sharp increase of population brings provide food for the mankind, and aquatic products are as a class high protein, low-fat high value food in food, and people increase severely to its demand nature and day.Mullet (Lizahaematocheila), belong to Mugiliformes Mugiliformes, Mugilidae Mugilidae, translate again golden mullet or barracuda, be commonly called as extra large wolf or sparrow brocade, mullet is short and wide, body extension, anterior cylindrical, rear portion is flat-sided gradually, back of the body edge is straight, and belly is rounded, is one of important economic fish in warm band neritic area.Fierce and malicious and the tool aggressive of mullet individual character, likes to set out in groups.Mullet all has distribution in the world, mainly inhabit the Nearshore Shallow Sea area that the depth of water is no more than 10m, at fresh water from river mouth, also there is distribution in district, does not do the trip of wandering of long distance, be a kind of region fish, all have distribution in areas such as the South Sea of China, the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea.Mullet fine and tender taste, delicious flavour, nutritious, economic worth is higher, and deeply welcome by consumers in general, breeding prospect is wide, is a kind of economic fish breed variety of high-quality, is generally cultivated in China at present.
But, because mullet feed ingredient is in the market simple, poor nutritional, taste are not good, mullet not eating, appetite is few, growth is slow, greatly reduces the cultivation income of mullet.In addition, generally use fish meal as major protein source in current mullet mixed feed.Along with the fast development of culture fishery, the demand of aquatic feeds increases sharply, and the problem of domestic fish meal scarcity of resources becomes increasingly conspicuous, and also makes the price being originally in higher-priced imported fish meal rise fast simultaneously.But, fish meal and the amino acid ratio needed for aquatic livestock closest, the mixed feed aquiculture animal added after fish meal is more liked and is ingested, and add the quick healthy growth that fish meal can ensure aquiculture animal, when replacing fish meal to prepare the mixed feed of mullet by other protein sources, feed conversion rate significantly reduces, feed coefficient is higher, therefore feed quality is often difficult to ensure, in addition, when replacing fish meal to prepare the mixed feed of mullet by other protein sources, aquatic livestock is not usually liked yet and ingests, and also can affect the quick growth of aquatic livestock time serious.Therefore, develop a kind of do not rely on fish meal as major protein source and feed quality can be ensured, be beneficial to mullet growth mullet mixed feed be the problem needing solution in current mullet aquaculture industry badly.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention provides a kind of cost mullet mixed feed that is low, easily upper food according to the energetic supersession pattern of mullet and nutritional need, it adopts other protein sources to replace fish meal, with low cost, raw material environmental protection, and mullet is liked ingesting, the survival rate of mullet is high after feeding.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions, a kind of cost is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food, be made up of each component of following masses number: squid powder 10-20 part, dregs of beans 10-20 part, cotton dregs 10-20 part, wheat bran 8-16 part, rice bran 8-14 part, mealy potato 8-14 part, dry earthworm powder 6-10 part, Zhegucai 6-12 part, peameal 4-6 part, dry hawthorn powder 4-6 part, shepherd's purse 4-6 part, cordate houttuynia 3-5 part, selfheal 3-5 part, honeysuckle 2-4 part, bitter duty 2-4 part, kalimeris 2-4 part, red Liao 1-3 part, spina date seed 1-3 part, eel grass 1-3 part, garlic 1-3 part, oyster shell whiting 2-4 part, fish oil 2-4 part, xanthans 2-4 part.
Preferably, described cost mullet mixed feed that is low, easily upper food, is made up of each component of following masses number: squid powder 15 parts, dregs of beans 15 parts, cotton dregs 15 parts, 12 parts, wheat bran, 10 parts, rice bran, mealy potato 10 parts, dry earthworm powder 8 parts, Zhegucai 8 parts, peameal 5 parts, dry hawthorn powder 5 parts, 5 parts, shepherd's purse, cordate houttuynia 4 parts, selfheal 4 parts, honeysuckle 3 parts, bitter duty 3 parts, kalimeris 3 parts, red Liao 2 parts, spina date seed 2 parts, eel grass 2 parts, 2 parts, garlic, oyster shell whiting 3 parts, 3 parts, fish oil, xanthans 3 parts.
At present, the price of fish meal is about 13200-15300 yuan/ton, the price of squid powder is about 3900-4800 yuan/ton, value of the meal is about 2100-2900 yuan/ton, the price of cotton dregs is about 1700-1900 yuan/ton, the price of wheat bran is about 1500-1800 yuan/ton, and the price of rice bran is about 1300-1900 yuan/ton.The present invention adopts the squid powder of relative low price, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, wheat bran and rice bran to instead of fish meal as major protein source, reduce feed cost, thus also reduce the dependence of aquaculture industry to fish meal, and raw material of the present invention to be in environmental protection raw material, each component of the present invention contained protein composition more diversified, can meet the nutritional need of mullet to albumen, nutrition is more balanced.In addition, rice bran hardship is sweet, flat, nontoxic, energy strengthening the spleen and stomach, swelling diuretic.The flat taste of potato is sweet, containing abundant dietary fiber in potato, helps promotion gastrointestinal peristalsis, dredging enteron aisle, and the antimicrobial component contained in potato helps preventing gastric ulcer, and it not only has antibacterial effect effect, can not cause the resistance to the action of a drug simultaneously.Earthworm have antipyretic, antispastic, active, relieving asthma, the effect such as step-down and diuresis, and to mullet, there is food calling effect.Zhegucai energy expelling parasite desinsection, strengthening the spleen and reducing phlegm disappears long-pending, calms the nerves.Pea has tonifying liver nourishing the stomach, strengthening by means of tonics, contributes to long muscles and bones, happy face, black invention order, the effect such as to promote longevity.Hawthorn energy spleen benefiting and stimulating the appetite, relieving dyspepsia, phlegm reduction of blood circulation promoting.Shepherd's purse nature and flavor are sweet flat, improving eyesight, beneficial stomach, and spleen, Li Shui, hemostasis, be used for the treatment of dysentery, oedema, gonorrhoea, chyluria, spit blood, have blood in stool, the swollen pain of metrorrhagia, menorrhalgia, hot eyes etc.Cordate houttuynia has clearing heat and detoxicating, the carbuncle that disappears apocenosis, the effect of inducing diuresis for treating strangurtia.Selfheal clearing heat-fire, improving eyesight, mass dissipating and swelling eliminating.Honeysuckle cures mainly warm disease heating, toxic-heat and blood stasis, ulcer serious case of furuncle, also can develop immunitypty, Robust speaker feature, protect liver, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, sterilization, antipyretic, hemostasis (blood coagulation), suppress intestinal absorption cholesterol etc.Bitter function is antibacterial, removing toxic substances, controls functional uterine bleeding, cholecystitis, jaundice type hepatitis, cold headache, stomachache, infantile malnutrition, pinkeye, traumatic injury, treatment sore, skin ulcer, snake and lyssodexis etc.Kalimeris can be clearing heat and detoxicating, and dampness removing helps digestion.Red Liao's energy heat extraction, dries, detumescence.Spina date seed can be calmed the nerves by astringe qi, and flourish muscle supports marrow, and stomach fortune spleen.Eel grass can separate hundred poison, takes good care of taste.Garlic removing toxic substances desinsection, swelling and pain relieving, antidiarrheal stops dysentery, controls lung, expelling parasite, and also have warm spleen to warm up stomach in addition, control swollen ulcer drug, white bald tinea sore, dysentery is had loose bowels, tuberculosis pertussis, roundworm pinworm, eating accumulation, coldness and pain in the epigastrium, oedema turgor.Oyster shell whiting can provide calcium source for mullet.Fish oil can provide energy for mullet and have food calling effect.Add xanthans and can improve the stability of feed in water, reduce feed to the pollution of water body environment.
The present invention is fully studying the one mullet feed targetedly that mullet digestive system structure and unique physiological basis of feeding and nutrition develop, and can meet mullet to the nutritional need of protein with fat.Cost of the present invention mullet mixed feed that is low, easily upper food is not only with low cost, and experimental result shows, the feed coefficient of mixed feed of the present invention and traditional mixed feed coefficient are without significant difference, illustrate that cost of the present invention mullet mixed feed that is low, easily upper food also assures that the conversion ratio of feed and the quality of feed while reducing feed cost, in addition, experimental result shows that mullet likes cost of the present invention mullet mixed feed that is low, easily upper food of ingesting.
Albumen composition contained in each component of the present invention and fat form more diversified, balanced in nutrition, can meet the nutritional need of mullet to albumen.The earthworm powder added in feed ingredient and fish oil have food calling effect, improve the mouthfeel of feed, mullet is liked ingesting, and then ensure that the speed of growth of mullet, also make other active principles in feed (mainly referring to nutritional labeling and medicinal herb components) can enter in mullet body, and then play a role.In feed ingredient containing sterilization, antibacterial, help digestion and strengthen the medicinal herb components of mullet immunity, improve the survival rate of mullet.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of above-mentioned cost preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food, and this cost is preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food comprise the following steps:
(1) respectively by squid powder, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, wheat bran, rice bran, mealy potato, peameal and oyster shell whiting raw material cross 100 mesh sieves after pulverizing with pulverizer;
(2) fresh earthworm is cleaned, dry to bone dry or to be placed on freeze drying 48 in vacuum freeze drier little of bone dry;
(3) dried earthworm ground or cross 50 mesh sieves with after pulverizer pulverizing;
(4) hawthorn is cleaned, thinly slice, dry to bone dry or to be placed on freeze drying 48 in vacuum freeze drier little of bone dry;
(5) dried hawthorn thin slice ground or cross 50 mesh sieves with after pulverizer pulverizing;
(6) Zhegucai, shepherd's purse is taken respectively by proportioning, cordate houttuynia, selfheal, honeysuckle, bitter duty, kalimeris, red Liao, spina date seed, eel grass and garlic, clean in pure fresh water, cleaner with distilled water flushing, add after purified water is heated to boiling and continue to boil 2-3h, obtain decoction liquor, decoction liquor is positioned in the extraction kettle in supercritical extract instrument, utilize carbon dioxide to extract as medium, extraction kettle pressure is 40Mpa, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C, separator pressure 12Mpa, and separator temperature is 70 DEG C, extract 2 hours, be extracted liquid;
(7) extract step (6) obtained concentrates at outer circulation inspissator, and concentrated condition is: pressure 0.03Mpa, temperature 70 C, is concentrated into the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.13-1.14;
(8) powder of step (1), step (3) and step (5) gained is taken according to proportioning, put into container to stir, add the medicinal extract of step (7) gained again, then the fish oil and xanthans that weigh by proportioning is poured into, and mix, expanded, granulate then dry, cool, packing, obtain object.
Preferably, the operation of step (2) is cleaned by fresh earthworm, is placed on freeze drying 48 in vacuum freeze drier little of bone dry.Its advantage is thoroughly dry, and can not make the active material inactivation in earthworm body in dry run.
Preferably, in step (3), by the method that dried earthworm grinds be: dried earthworm is ground on ice, and cross 50 mesh sieves.Its advantage produces heat because constantly stirring, to keep temperature, protective tissue when being and reducing grinding.
Preferably, the operation of step (4) is cleaned by hawthorn, thinly slices, and is placed on freeze drying 48 in vacuum freeze drier little of bone dry.Its advantage is thoroughly dry, and can not make active material inactivation contained in hawthorn in dry run.
Preferably, in step (5), by the method that hawthorn thin slice grinds be: grind on dried hawthorn flake ice, and cross 50 mesh sieves.Its advantage produces heat because constantly stirring, to keep temperature, protective tissue when being and reducing grinding.
In preparation method, by Zhegucai, shepherd's purse, cordate houttuynia, selfheal, honeysuckle, bitter duty, kalimeris, red Liao, spina date seed, eel grass and garlic add the object continuing to boil 2-3h after purified water is heated to boiling after cleaning be that the active ingredient in said components is fully fried; Decoction liquor is positioned in the extraction kettle in supercritical extract instrument, carbon dioxide is utilized to extract as medium, extraction kettle pressure is 40Mpa, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C, separator pressure 12Mpa, separator temperature is 70 DEG C, extracts 2 hours, its objective is the active ingredient retained to greatest extent in each component.
Feeding method: every bu is thrown something and fed for twice sooner or later, under normal circumstances, day feeding volume be about the 3%-5% of mullet body weight.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) mixed feed of the present invention adopts the protein sources of relative low price to instead of fish meal, reduce the dependence of aquaculture industry to fish meal, and raw material of the present invention is environmental protection raw material, environmentally safe.(2) contained in each component of the present invention albumen composition and fat form more diversified, balanced in nutrition, can meet the nutritional need of mullet to albumen.(3) feed coefficient of mixed feed of the present invention and traditional mixed feed coefficient are without significant difference, illustrate that cost of the present invention mullet mixed feed that is low, easily upper food also assures that the conversion ratio of feed and the quality of feed while reducing feed cost.(4) earthworm powder added in feed ingredient and fish oil have food calling effect, improve the mouthfeel of feed, mullet is liked ingesting, and then ensure that the speed of growth of mullet, also make other active principles in feed (mainly referring to nutritional labeling and medicinal herb components) can enter in mullet body, and then play a role.(5) in feed ingredient containing sterilization, antibacterial, help digestion and strengthen the medicinal herb components of mullet immunity, improve the survival rate of mullet.(6) in preparation method, by Zhegucai, shepherd's purse, cordate houttuynia, selfheal, honeysuckle, bitter duty, kalimeris, red Liao, spina date seed, eel grass and garlic add the object continuing to boil 2-3h after purified water is heated to boiling after cleaning be that the active ingredient in said components is fully fried; Decoction liquor is positioned in the extraction kettle in supercritical extract instrument, carbon dioxide is utilized to extract as medium, extraction kettle pressure is 40Mpa, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C, separator pressure 12Mpa, separator temperature is 70 DEG C, extracts 2 hours, its objective is the active ingredient retained to greatest extent in each component.
Detailed description of the invention
Following embodiment is convenient to understand the present invention better, but does not limit the present invention.Experimental technique in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Embodiment 1
In the present invention's first detailed description of the invention, feed ingredient and preparation method thereof is as follows:
A cost mullet mixed feed that is low, easily upper food, is made up of each component of following masses number: squid powder 10 parts, dregs of beans 20 parts, cotton dregs 10 parts, 16 parts, wheat bran, 10 parts, rice bran, mealy potato 10 parts, dry earthworm powder 6 parts, Zhegucai 6 parts, peameal 6 parts, dry hawthorn powder 4 parts, 6 parts, shepherd's purse, cordate houttuynia 5 parts, selfheal 3 parts, honeysuckle 2 parts, bitter duty 4 parts, kalimeris 4 parts, red Liao 1 part, spina date seed 1 part, eel grass 3 parts, 3 parts, garlic, oyster shell whiting 4 parts, 4 parts, fish oil, xanthans 4 parts.
Preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food is as follows for above-mentioned cost:
(1) respectively by squid powder, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, wheat bran, rice bran, mealy potato, peameal and oyster shell whiting raw material cross 100 mesh sieves after pulverizing with pulverizer;
(2) fresh earthworm is cleaned, dry to bone dry;
(3) 50 mesh sieves are crossed after being pulverized with pulverizer by dried earthworm;
(4) hawthorn is cleaned, thinly slice, dry to bone dry;
(5) 50 mesh sieves are crossed after being pulverized by dried hawthorn thin slice pulverizer;
(6) Zhegucai, shepherd's purse is taken respectively by proportioning, cordate houttuynia, selfheal, honeysuckle, bitter duty, kalimeris, red Liao, spina date seed, eel grass and garlic, clean in pure fresh water, cleaner with distilled water flushing, add after purified water is heated to boiling and continue to boil 2-3h, obtain decoction liquor, decoction liquor is positioned in the extraction kettle in supercritical extract instrument, utilize carbon dioxide to extract as medium, extraction kettle pressure is 40Mpa, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C, separator pressure 12Mpa, and separator temperature is 70 DEG C, extract 2 hours, be extracted liquid;
(7) extract step (6) obtained concentrates at outer circulation inspissator, and concentrated condition is: pressure 0.03Mpa, temperature 70 C, is concentrated into the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.13-1.14;
(8) powder of step (1), step (3) and step (5) gained is taken according to proportioning, put into container to stir, add the medicinal extract of step (7) gained again, then the fish oil and xanthans that weigh by proportioning is poured into, and mix, expanded, granulate then dry, cool, packing, obtain object.
Embodiment 2
In the present invention's second detailed description of the invention, feed ingredient and preparation method thereof is as follows:
A cost mullet mixed feed that is low, easily upper food, is made up of each component of following masses number: squid powder 15 parts, dregs of beans 10 parts, cotton dregs 10 parts, 16 parts, wheat bran, 8 parts, rice bran, mealy potato 12 parts, dry earthworm powder 10 parts, Zhegucai 10 parts, peameal 6 parts, dry hawthorn powder 4 parts, 5 parts, shepherd's purse, cordate houttuynia 5 parts, selfheal 5 parts, honeysuckle 4 parts, bitter duty 2 parts, kalimeris 2 parts, red Liao 3 parts, spina date seed 1 part, eel grass 1 part, 2 parts, garlic, oyster shell whiting 4 parts, 4 parts, fish oil, xanthans 2 parts.
The cost of the present embodiment preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
In the present invention's the 3rd detailed description of the invention, feed ingredient and preparation method thereof is as follows:
A cost mullet mixed feed that is low, easily upper food, is made up of each component of following masses number: squid powder 20 parts, dregs of beans 10 parts, cotton dregs 20 parts, 8 parts, wheat bran, 14 parts, rice bran, mealy potato 8 parts, dry earthworm powder 6 parts, Zhegucai 12 parts, peameal 4 parts, dry hawthorn powder 6 parts, 4 parts, shepherd's purse, cordate houttuynia 3 parts, selfheal 4 parts, honeysuckle 4 parts, bitter duty 4 parts, kalimeris 4 parts, red Liao 2 parts, spina date seed 1 part, eel grass 3 parts, 1 part, garlic, oyster shell whiting 2 parts, 2 parts, fish oil, xanthans 3 parts.
The cost of the present embodiment preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
In the present invention's the 4th detailed description of the invention, feed ingredient and preparation method thereof is as follows:
A cost mullet mixed feed that is low, easily upper food, is made up of each component of following masses number: squid powder 18 parts, dregs of beans 14 parts, cotton dregs 15 parts, 8 parts, wheat bran, 8 parts, rice bran, mealy potato 14 parts, dry earthworm powder 10 parts, Zhegucai 6 parts, peameal 4 parts, dry hawthorn powder 4 parts, 4 parts, shepherd's purse, cordate houttuynia 5 parts, selfheal 5 parts, honeysuckle 4 parts, bitter duty 2 parts, kalimeris 2 parts, red Liao 2 parts, spina date seed 3 parts, eel grass 3 parts, 2 parts, garlic, oyster shell whiting 2 parts, 4 parts, fish oil, xanthans 3 parts.
Preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food is as follows for the cost of the present embodiment:
(1) respectively by squid powder, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, wheat bran, rice bran, mealy potato, peameal and oyster shell whiting raw material cross 100 mesh sieves after pulverizing with pulverizer;
(2) fresh earthworm is cleaned, be placed on freeze drying 48 in vacuum freeze drier little of bone dry;
(3) dried earthworm is ground rear mistake 50 mesh sieve on ice;
(4) hawthorn is cleaned, thinly slice, be placed on freeze drying 48 in vacuum freeze drier little of bone dry;
(5) dried hawthorn flake ice will grind rear mistake 50 mesh sieve;
(6) Zhegucai, shepherd's purse is taken respectively by proportioning, cordate houttuynia, selfheal, honeysuckle, bitter duty, kalimeris, red Liao, spina date seed, eel grass and garlic, clean in pure fresh water, cleaner with distilled water flushing, add after purified water is heated to boiling and continue to boil 2-3h, obtain decoction liquor, decoction liquor is positioned in the extraction kettle in supercritical extract instrument, utilize carbon dioxide to extract as medium, extraction kettle pressure is 40Mpa, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C, separator pressure 12Mpa, and separator temperature is 70 DEG C, extract 2 hours, be extracted liquid;
(7) extract step (6) obtained concentrates at outer circulation inspissator, and concentrated condition is: pressure 0.03Mpa, temperature 70 C, is concentrated into the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.13-1.14;
(8) powder of step (1), step (3) and step (5) gained is taken according to proportioning, put into container to stir, add the medicinal extract of step (7) gained again, then the fish oil and xanthans that weigh by proportioning is poured into, and mix, expanded, granulate then dry, cool, packing, obtain object.
Embodiment 5
In the present invention's the 5th detailed description of the invention, feed ingredient and preparation method thereof is as follows:
A cost mullet mixed feed that is low, easily upper food, is made up of each component of following masses number: squid powder 15 parts, dregs of beans 15 parts, cotton dregs 15 parts, 12 parts, wheat bran, 10 parts, rice bran, mealy potato 10 parts, dry earthworm powder 8 parts, Zhegucai 8 parts, peameal 5 parts, dry hawthorn powder 5 parts, 5 parts, shepherd's purse, cordate houttuynia 4 parts, selfheal 4 parts, honeysuckle 3 parts, bitter duty 3 parts, kalimeris 3 parts, red Liao 2 parts, spina date seed 2 parts, eel grass 2 parts, 2 parts, garlic, oyster shell whiting 3 parts, 3 parts, fish oil, xanthans 3 parts.
The cost of the present embodiment preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food is with embodiment 4.
Contrast test
The mullet mixed feed of commercially available mixed feed and embodiment of the present invention 1-embodiment 5 is carried out contrast experiment, four repetitions are established in often kind of feed process, and in this experimental result, data represent with mean+SD (mean ± SD), experimental period is 75 days, and experimental result is as table 1-table 3:
1. specific growth rate measures
Measure the original body mass through the emptying mullet of hunger when experiment starts, experiment terminates the mullet body weight of the hungry 48h of rear mensuration.
Specific growth rate (specificgrowthrate, the SGR) formula of mullet is:
SGR (part d
-1)=100 (lnWW2-lnWW1) T
-1;
WW1 and WW2 is respectively the initial and whole opisthosoma weight of the mullet caught; T is experimental period (75 days).
From table 1, through 75d experiment, mixed feed of the present invention is compared with existing feed, and the specific growth rate significant difference (p < 0.05) of mullet, illustrates that mixed feed of the present invention can be conducive to the quick growth of mullet.
The specific growth rate (mean ± SD) of table 1 DIFFERENT FEED processed group mullet
2. survival rate measures
The mullet survived at the end of determination experiment accounts for the percentage of the mullet put in a suitable place to breed when experiment starts.As table 2, mullet feed of the present invention is compared with existing feed, and the survival rate significant difference (p<0.05) of mullet, illustrates that mixed feed of the present invention is while reduction feed cost, also improves the immunity of mullet.
The survival rate (mean ± SD) of table 2 DIFFERENT FEED processed group mullet
3. feed coefficient measures
The feed coefficient computing formula of mullet is:
Feed coefficient=feed consumption/gain in weight × 100%.
As table 3, mullet feed of the present invention is compared with existing mullet feed, the feed coefficient indifference of mullet significantly (p > 0.05), illustrates that mixed feed of the present invention is while reduction feed cost, does not reduce the conversion ratio of feed and the quality of feed.
The feed coefficient (mean ± SD) of table 3 DIFFERENT FEED processed group mullet
As can be seen from Table 1, mixed feed of the present invention is compared with existing feed, and the specific growth rate significant difference (p < 0.05) of mullet, illustrates that mixed feed of the present invention can be conducive to the quick growth of mullet; From table 2, the survival rate of the mullet of mullet mixed feed of the present invention is used to be significantly higher than the survival rate (p<0.05) of the mullet using existing feed; From table 3, mullet feed of the present invention is compared with existing mullet feed, the feed coefficient indifference of mullet significantly (p > 0.05), illustrate that mixed feed of the present invention is while reduction feed cost, does not reduce the conversion ratio of feed and the quality of feed.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is noted that for those skilled in the art, and under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvement, these improvement should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a cost is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food, it is characterized in that: be made up of each component of following masses number: squid powder 10-20 part, dregs of beans 10-20 part, cotton dregs 10-20 part, wheat bran 8-16 part, rice bran 8-14 part, mealy potato 8-14 part, dry earthworm powder 6-10 part, Zhegucai 6-12 part, peameal 4-6 part, dry hawthorn powder 4-6 part, shepherd's purse 4-6 part, cordate houttuynia 3-5 part, selfheal 3-5 part, honeysuckle 2-4 part, bitter duty 2-4 part, kalimeris 2-4 part, red Liao 1-3 part, spina date seed 1-3 part, eel grass 1-3 part, garlic 1-3 part, oyster shell whiting 2-4 part, fish oil 2-4 part, xanthans 2-4 part.
2. cost according to claim 1 is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food, it is characterized in that: described cost is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food, be made up of each component of following masses number: squid powder 15 parts, dregs of beans 15 parts, cotton dregs 15 parts, 12 parts, wheat bran, 10 parts, rice bran, mealy potato 10 parts, dry earthworm powder 8 parts, Zhegucai 8 parts, peameal 5 parts, dry hawthorn powder 5 parts, 5 parts, shepherd's purse, cordate houttuynia 4 parts, selfheal 4 parts, honeysuckle 3 parts, bitter duty 3 parts, kalimeris 3 parts, red Liao 2 parts, spina date seed 2 parts, eel grass 2 parts, 2 parts, garlic, oyster shell whiting 3 parts, 3 parts, fish oil, xanthans 3 parts.
3. the preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food of the cost described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) respectively by squid powder, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, wheat bran, rice bran, mealy potato, peameal and oyster shell whiting raw material cross 100 mesh sieves after pulverizing with pulverizer;
(2) fresh earthworm is cleaned, dry to bone dry or to be placed on freeze drying 48 in vacuum freeze drier little of bone dry;
(3) dried earthworm ground or cross 50 mesh sieves with after pulverizer pulverizing;
(4) hawthorn is cleaned, thinly slice, dry to bone dry or to be placed on freeze drying 48 in vacuum freeze drier little of bone dry;
(5) dried hawthorn thin slice ground or cross 50 mesh sieves with after pulverizer pulverizing;
(6) Zhegucai, shepherd's purse is taken respectively by proportioning, cordate houttuynia, selfheal, honeysuckle, bitter duty, kalimeris, red Liao, spina date seed, eel grass and garlic, clean in pure fresh water, cleaner with distilled water flushing, add after purified water is heated to boiling and continue to boil 2-3h, obtain decoction liquor, decoction liquor is positioned in the extraction kettle in supercritical extract instrument, utilize carbon dioxide to extract as medium, extraction kettle pressure is 40Mpa, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C, separator pressure 12Mpa, and separator temperature is 70 DEG C, extract 2 hours, be extracted liquid;
(7) extract step (6) obtained concentrates at outer circulation inspissator, and concentrated condition is: pressure 0.03Mpa, temperature 70 C, is concentrated into the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.13-1.14;
(8) powder of step (1), step (3) and step (5) gained is taken according to proportioning, put into container to stir, add the medicinal extract of step (7) gained again, then the fish oil and xanthans that weigh by proportioning is poured into, and mix, expanded, granulate then dry, cool, packing, obtain object.
4. cost according to claim 3 preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food, it is characterized in that: the operation of step (2) is, fresh earthworm is cleaned, is placed on freeze drying 48 in vacuum freeze drier little of bone dry.
5. cost according to claim 3 preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food, it is characterized in that: in step (3), by the method that dried earthworm grinds be: dried earthworm is ground on ice, and cross 50 mesh sieves.
6. cost according to claim 3 preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food, it is characterized in that: the operation of step (4) is, hawthorn is cleaned, thinly slices, be placed on freeze drying 48 in vacuum freeze drier little of bone dry.
7. cost according to claim 3 preparation method that is low, the easily mullet mixed feed of upper food, it is characterized in that: in step (5), by the method that hawthorn thin slice grinds be: grind on dried hawthorn flake ice, and cross 50 mesh sieves.
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| CN105994063A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-10-12 | 苏州福德龙水产养殖有限公司 | Feeding method for lowering case fatality rate of common sucker |
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