CN105028091A - Winter protection method for papayas - Google Patents
Winter protection method for papayas Download PDFInfo
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- CN105028091A CN105028091A CN201510377778.9A CN201510377778A CN105028091A CN 105028091 A CN105028091 A CN 105028091A CN 201510377778 A CN201510377778 A CN 201510377778A CN 105028091 A CN105028091 A CN 105028091A
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- fruit
- winter
- cold
- tree
- polyethylene foam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
Abstract
The invention provides a winter protection method for papayas. The method comprises the steps of spraying a thiophanate methyl 500-time solution or a 100-time carbendazim on the side which is in contact with a tree of pearl wool, and drying the pearl wool in the shade; according to the size of the tree in an orchard, cutting the pearl wool into a circular bag which is capable of covering fruits and the middle-upper portion of the tree; when the air temperature in winter is lower than 10 DEG C, conducting cold protection in the orchard, covering the processed pearl wool membrane on the fruits and the middle-upper portion of the tree, and tightening the opening which faces downward of the membrane. By means of the method, the problems that under conventional conditions, plastic membranes, shading nets or other materials are heavy and poor in cold protection effect, the method is creation of cold protection key technology in the papaya cultivation, and a simple, economical and practical method for protecting the papayas from cold in winter is provided. The application range is wide, and the method can be used in the vegetation blocks where the air temperature is lower than 10 DEG C in winter. The method has the advantages that the process is simple, the cost is low, the effect is remarkable, the operation is easy, by treating the papayas through bactericide, the sterilization and disinfection are achieved, the bacteria infection is reduced, and the disease incidence rate of the fruits and trees is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant planting field, relate to the cold-proof method of papaya papaw in a kind of winter.
Background technology
Papaya papaw is the torrid zone, the large-scale herbaceos perennial of subtropical evergreen cork matter, evergreen cork matter dungarunga, up to 8-10 rice, and tool milk; Stem not branch or sometimes in injury region branch, the stipule trace of tool helical arrangement.Biological property happiness high temperature and humidity tropical climate, does not resist cold, meets frost and namely wither cold, because root system is more shallow, avoid strong wind, avoid ponding.Heat request is not tight over the ground, and hills, mountain region all can be cultivated, comparatively strong to soil suitability, but grows as well with loose fertile sand loam or loam.Subtropics, tropical fruit tree great majority in winter need cold-proof, and the preference temperature that papaya papaw grows is 25 ~ 32 DEG C, growth initial temperature 16 DEG C, stop, will occur cold damage, and endure cold withered when 0 DEG C lower than 5 DEG C lower than growth when 10 DEG C is basic.Affect Floral development higher than 35 DEG C, occur becoming male and cause fruit drop.Therefore papaya papaw all wants cold-proof fruit retention lower than the area of 5 DEG C in the winter time, and the present invention is imperative for seeking to be more suitable for papaya papaw coldproof material.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the cold-proof method of papaya papaw in a kind of winter, plastic film during papaya papaw planting area most of preventing freeze in winter, the other materials such as shading screen, because quality is hard, there is constant weight, antifreezing effect is poor, when blowing as scraped, blade and the fruit surface of tree body are injured, when raining, non-watertight, when rainwater flows to wound, easily cause infection, create into blade and fruit morbidity, plant and fruit cold resistance is caused to decline, some orchard plastic film, shading screen is cold-proof, or without any freeze prevention measure, to spring, plant leaf is withered, even whole strain is dead, fruit abscission, plant and fruit losses reach more than 45%, therefore use expanded polyethylene foam overlay film cold-proof, improve the cold-proof rate of papaya papaw, reduce cold-resistant cost, tree body and fruit zero are injured, is easy to the advantages such as operation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Improve a method for papaya papaw cold-proof, comprise the following steps:
1,the selection of expanded polyethylene foam overlay film: select the expanded polyethylene foam overlay film that high-quality 5MM is thick.
2,expanded polyethylene foam aluminum coated steel: the one side setting bodies with thiophanate methyl 500 times of solution or the contact of 1000 times of carbendazim spray expanded polyethylene foam overlay films, dries in the shade.The bag circle that can entangle fruit and tree body middle and upper part is accordingly cut into according to orchard tree body size.
3, when winter temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, orchard is just carried out cold-proof, and the expanded polyethylene foam overlay film handled well is entangled fruit and tree body middle and upper part, and the mouth towards bottom also will be tightened.Allow tree body middle and upper part form a closed little space, when winter is sunny, the temperature (more than 2 DEG C) in little space can also be improved.
Described thiophanate methyl is 50% thiophanate methyl, 500 times of solution; Described carbendazim is 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of solution.
The invention has the advantages that: there is treatment process simple, cost is low, expanded polyethylene foam overlay film softness, light weight, waterproof, printing opacity are strong, the temperature in the plant middle and upper part and fruit that encase can also be improved time sunny, tree body and fruit zero are injured, be easy to use bactericide process before the advantages such as operation are overlapped simultaneously, can sterilizing, minimizing germ biography seven, reduction fruit and the tree body incidence of disease.
This method carry out papaya papaw cold-proof after, tree body top and fruit are not almost endured cold, and fruit face and blade are without any friction injury, and we were by the experiment of 3 years, and set body top more than 95% after treatment and do not endure cold, fruit is intact reaches more than 93%.Do not have the tree body top processed not endure cold and be generally 30%-45%, fruit is intact is 60%-75%.On longan, rake Pi winter great majority film covered ground or with shading screen tree body cover cold-proof, Mao Xiuling etc. use plastic film mulching ground, raising soil temperature (2-3 DEG C), " modern horticultural " (longan cold-proof technology in winter, the 3rd phase in 2014); The plastic film mulching orchard ground such as Zhang Qinghua, improves soil temperature, improves rake Pi cold resistance, " modern agriculture section art " (three pool rake Pi protection against cold and freezing conditions technology, 22 phases in 2012); Liu Quan etc. adopt plastic film mulching orchard ground, and rake Pi tree shading screen tree body covers, and rake Pi output individual plant improves 66.7%, " fruit tree " (the cold-proof test in getting bumper crops preliminary study of rake Pi, the 3rd phase in 1998).This invention through step (3), healthy fruit with do not appoint compared with process, improve more than 33%.
Within nearly 3 years, we carry out cold-proof with expanded polyethylene foam overlay film to papaya papaw, achieve more satisfactory effect, with the expanded polyethylene foam overlay film of (making corresponding circular bag according to tree body size) 5 millimeters thick, plant top and fruit are set up after annual the Beginning of Winter, next year, the minimum air temperature was lifted down higher than when 15 DEG C, and cold-proof effect reaches more than 93%.Papaya papaw cold-proof effect in winter is brought up to 93% by the present invention first.Survive the winter fruit and plant is not almost subject to hurt.Select in material choosing, expanded polyethylene foam overlay film light weight, softness, printing opacity, waterproof, cost is low.Expanded polyethylene foam overlay film and plastic film, black shading screen from cost, the expanded polyethylene foam overlay film per kilogram unit price 18-20 unit of 5 millimeters thick, every weight per square meter 27 grams; The plastic film per kilogram 11-13 unit of 0.3 millimeter, every weight per square meter 73.7 grams, high-quality black shading screen per kilogram 16-20 unit, every weight per square meter 60 grams.Solving papaya papaw uses the other materials such as plastic film, shading screen heavier and the problem of antifreezing effect difference under normal conditions, is the innovation that papaya papaw cultivates antifreeze key technology, for papaya papaw nursery stock preventing freeze in winter provides a kind of simple and easy economical and practical method.Applied widely, papaya papaw winter all can use lower than the plantation area of 10 DEG C.Have treatment process simple, cost is low, and expanded polyethylene foam overlay film softness, light weight, waterproof, printing opacity are strong, can also improve the temperature in the plant middle and upper part and fruit that encase time sunny, to setting body and fruit zero injures, is easy to the advantages such as operation.
Embodiment
Be below several specific embodiment of the present invention, further illustrate the present invention, but the present invention be not limited only to this.
embodiment 1(2012)
1,casing material: the expanded polyethylene foam overlay film buying 5 millimeters thick from market, high-quality shading screen.
2,cover tree pre-treatment: make corresponding circular bag, general long 1.5-1.7 rice according to tree body size, circle bag diameter 1.6 meters, do 100, shading screen does 100 according to same specification.With thiophanate methyl 500 times of solution or 1000 times of carbendazim spray circle bags inside, be placed on shady place airing for subsequent use.
3, body bagging is set.In Zhangpu County papaya papaw orchard, Fujian, after the Beginning of Winter, temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, and orchard spray thiophanate methyl 500 times of solution, then carry out bagging, and ready expanded polyethylene foam overlay film, shading screen are entangled fruit and tree body middle and upper part, and the mouth towards bottom also will be tightened.Tree body middle and upper part is allowed to form a closed little space.100, each cover.
4, bagging is removed:at the beginning of Second Year by the end of February to 3 month, when temperature is all higher than 15 DEG C, takes off sack, and keep well, keep recycling.
5,
fruit and tree body are endured cold to tremble with fear and are investigated:after taking off sack, investigate fruit and tree body, orchard tree body general top leaflet has 10-14 sheet, and large have 20-25 sheet in blade, and cover with expanded polyethylene foam overlay film, every strain tree 25-35 fruit, generally only have 1-2 really to have by freeze injury, really face is without any injury.Tree body vane tip sheet is not injured, and big leaf's slice only has and has phenomenon of being slightly injured outside the 3-4 sheet of middle part.And have 25-35 fruit with every strain tree of the net that shades, there is 8-11 fruit by freeze injury.The fruit face of 1/3rd is had to rub to examine and be hurt.Tree body blade is except the vanelets of top, and big leaf's slice almost has damage to different degrees.Do not have protected by bagging, every strain tree has 25-35 fruit, has 12 fruits by freeze injury, has 3-5 fruit to drop, and set body blade except top leaflet 3-5 sheet is subject to freeze injury, big leaf's slice almost has damage to different degrees, have 4-5 blade withered.
6,
fruit kind checks: useexpanded polyethylene foam overlay film covers, 4-6 month mellow fruit, and soluble solid reaches 11.1%, and taste is dense, and juice is many; And with the fruit of the net that shades, soluble solid reaches 10.5%, and taste is partially light, and juice is many.Do not have the fruit of bagging, soluble solid reaches 10.4%, and taste is partially light, and juice is many.
embodiment 2(2013)
1,
casing material: the expanded polyethylene foam overlay film buying 5 millimeters thick from market, 0.3 millimeters thick plastic film.
2,
the pre-treatment of cover tree:make corresponding circular bag, general long 1.5-1.7 rice according to tree body size, circle bag diameter 1.6 meters, do 100, plastic film does 100 according to same specification.With thiophanate methyl 500 times of solution or 1000 times of carbendazim spray circle bags inside, be placed on cloudy place airing for subsequent use.
3, body bagging is set.Papaya papaw orchard, Longhai City of Fujian Province, after the Beginning of Winter, temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, and orchard spray thiophanate methyl 500 times of solution, then carry out bagging, and ready expanded polyethylene foam overlay film, plastic film are entangled fruit and tree body middle and upper part, and the mouth towards bottom also will be tightened.Tree body middle and upper part is allowed to form a closed little space.100, each cover.
4, bagging is removed:second Year early March, when temperature is all higher than 15 DEG C, takes off sack, and keeps well, keep recycling.
5, fruit and tree body are endured cold to tremble with fear and are investigated:after taking off sack, investigate fruit and tree body, tree body general top, orchard leaflet has 12-15 sheet, and big leaf's slice has 23-27 sheet.Cover with expanded polyethylene foam overlay film, every strain tree 30-38 fruit, generally only have 1-3 really to endure cold.Tree body vane tip sheet is not injured, and big leaf's slice only has and has phenomenon of being slightly injured outside the 2-3 sheet of middle part.And have 29-37 fruit with every strain tree of plastic film cover, there is 3-4 fruit by freeze injury.Have 12-15 fruit fruit face friction injured, tree body blade is except the vanelets of top, and big leaf's slice almost has damage to different degrees.Do not have the tree body of bagging, every strain tree has 28-38 fruit, has 13 fruits to be injured, and has 4-6 fruit to drop, and fruit blade is not except top leaflet 3-5 sheet is by except freeze injury, and big leaf's slice almost has damage to different degrees, has 4-6 blade withered, has 1 strain tree withered.
7,
fruit kind checks: useexpanded polyethylene foam overlay film covers, 4-6 month mellow fruit, and soluble solid reaches 11.0%, and taste is dense, and juice is many; With the fruit of plastic film cover, soluble solid reaches 10.7%, and taste is dense, and juice is many.Do not have the fruit of nurse tree body, soluble solid reaches 10.2%, and taste is partially light, and juice is many.
embodiment 3(2014)
1, casing material: the expanded polyethylene foam overlay film of 5 appropriate millimeters thick, 0.3 millimeters thick plastic film, high-quality shading screen is bought from market.
2,
the pre-treatment of cover tree: make corresponding circular bag, general long 1.5-1.7 rice according to tree body size, circle bag diameter 1.6 meters, does 80; Plastic film, shading screen do 80 according to same specification.With thiophanate methyl 500 times of solution or 1000 times of carbendazim spray circle bags inside, be placed on cloudy place airing for subsequent use.
3, body bagging is set.Zhangpu County papaya papaw orchard, Fujian Province, after the Beginning of Winter, temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, orchard spray thiophanate methyl 500 times of solution, then carry out bagging, ready expanded polyethylene foam overlay film, plastic film, shading screen are entangled fruit and tree body middle and upper part, and the mouth towards bottom also will be tightened.Tree body middle and upper part is allowed to form a closed little space.80, each cover.
4, bagging is removed:late Febuary, when temperature is all higher than 15 DEG C, takes off sack, and keep well.
5,
fruit and tree body are endured cold to tremble with fear and are investigated:after taking off sack, investigate fruit and tree body, tree body general top, orchard leaflet has 11-15 sheet, and large have 22-25 sheet in blade.Cover with expanded polyethylene foam overlay film, fruit every strain tree 28-36 fruit, generally only have 2-3 really to endure cold.Tree body vane tip sheet is not injured, and big leaf's slice only has and has phenomenon of being slightly injured outside the 2-4 sheet of middle part.There is 26-37 fruit with every strain tree of plastic film cover, have 3-4 fruit to be injured.Tree body blade is except the vanelets of top, and big leaf's slice almost has damage to different degrees.And have 28-35 fruit with every strain tree of the net that shades, there is 7-10 fruit to be injured.Have 10-12 fruit face to rub to examine injured, tree body blade is except the vanelets of top, and big leaf's slice almost has damage to different degrees.Do not have the tree body protected, every strain tree has 25-36 fruit, has 12 fruits to be injured, and has 5-6 fruit to drop, and blade is not except top leaflet 4-6 sheet is by except freeze injury, and big leaf's slice almost has damage to different degrees, has 5-6 blade withered, has 2 strain trees withered.
6,
fruit kind checks: useexpanded polyethylene foam overlay film covers, 4-6 month mellow fruit, and soluble solid reaches 10.9%, and taste is dense, and juice is many; The fruit of plastic film protection, dissolubility solid content reaches 10.6%, and taste is dense, and juice is many.And with shading screen protection fruit, soluble solid reaches 10.3%, and taste is partially light, and juice is many.Do not have the fruit protected, soluble solid reaches 10.3%, and taste is partially light, and juice is many.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the cold-proof method of papaya papaw in winter, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) selection of overlay film: select expanded polyethylene foam overlay film;
(2) expanded polyethylene foam aluminum coated steel: the one side setting bodies with thiophanate methyl 500 times of solution or the contact of 1000 times of carbendazim spray expanded polyethylene foam overlay films, dries in the shade; The bag circle that can entangle fruit and tree body middle and upper part is accordingly cut into according to orchard tree body size;
(3) when winter temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, orchard is just carried out cold-proof, and the expanded polyethylene foam overlay film handled well is entangled fruit and tree body middle and upper part, and the mouth towards bottom also will be tightened, and allows tree body middle and upper part form a closed little space.
2. the cold-proof method of papaya papaw in a kind of winter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described thiophanate methyl is 50% thiophanate methyl, 500 times of solution; Described carbendazim is 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of solution.
3. the cold-proof method of papaya papaw in a kind of winter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described expanded polyethylene foam overlay film is the expanded polyethylene foam overlay film that 5mm is thick.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510377778.9A CN105028091B (en) | 2015-07-02 | 2015-07-02 | A kind of cold-proof method of winter papaya |
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| CN201510377778.9A CN105028091B (en) | 2015-07-02 | 2015-07-02 | A kind of cold-proof method of winter papaya |
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| CN105028091A true CN105028091A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
| CN105028091B CN105028091B (en) | 2017-11-24 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108781970A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-13 | 广西浪伏茶业股份有限公司 | A kind of method of Ling Yaoxing and cherry interplanting |
| CN108887052A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-27 | 广西浪伏茶业股份有限公司 | A kind of method of tea tree and cherry interplanting |
| CN108901676A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of cultivation mode improving papaya plantation economic benefit |
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2015
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| CN101548633A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2009-10-07 | 李昱俊 | Multi-colored tree anti-cold, anti-freezing and thermal-insulation coat |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 郑小琴等: "马来西亚10号番木瓜气候生态特性及其经济布局区划", 《安徽农业科学》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108781970A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-13 | 广西浪伏茶业股份有限公司 | A kind of method of Ling Yaoxing and cherry interplanting |
| CN108887052A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-27 | 广西浪伏茶业股份有限公司 | A kind of method of tea tree and cherry interplanting |
| CN108901676A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of cultivation mode improving papaya plantation economic benefit |
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