CN105815122B - A kind of red plum grafting seedlings-growing method - Google Patents

A kind of red plum grafting seedlings-growing method Download PDF

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CN105815122B
CN105815122B CN201610243228.2A CN201610243228A CN105815122B CN 105815122 B CN105815122 B CN 105815122B CN 201610243228 A CN201610243228 A CN 201610243228A CN 105815122 B CN105815122 B CN 105815122B
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grafting
parts
scion
stock
red plum
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CN105815122A (en
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程伟龙
冯小华
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Jingde County Yinlong Meiyuan Ecological Farm
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Jingde County Yinlong Meiyuan Ecological Farm
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/06Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/08Alkali metal chlorides; Alkaline earth metal chlorides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N61/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/42Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of red plum grafting seedlings-growing methods, belong to planting technology field, specifically include following steps:The selection of stock and processing, selection and the management after processing, grafting operation, grafting of scion, wherein stock is raw Japanese apricot stake in 50 years, and grafting operation is cortex grafting, and the management after grafting includes fertilizer and water management, removes sprout tillers and unbundlings.Disinfectant and fungicide used are environmentally friendly machine in the present invention, reduce the usage amount of pesticide, reduce environmental pollution;Use raw Japanese apricot stake in 50 years for stock, affinity is strong, hereditary capacity is stablized, and the scion growth and development after grafting is good, and survival rate is high, and the florescence is long, and ornamental value is strong;This engrafting method is easy to operate, practical, incidence is low, survival rate is high, convenient for popularization.

Description

A kind of red plum grafting seedlings-growing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of red plum grafting seedlings-growing method.
Background technology
Red plum is one kind of plum blossom, and defoliation small arbor, the rose family is a kind of important medicinal material on tcm clinical practice.Red plum happiness Temperature climate has certain cold-hartliness, and the florescence is very sensitive to climate change, and it is larger that plum likes air humidity, but avoids when the florescence Heavy rain.Plum annual rainfall 1000mm or slightly more area can well-grown soil is required it is not tight, it is more barren-resistant.Also can The normal growth in slight alkalinity soil.According to Jiangnan experience, it is closely native to be planted in the lower layers such as gravelly clay and gravelly loam soil property On earth, the branch of plum enriches, and blossoms and bears fruit flouring, and heliophilous species like sunny, well-ventilated, for long-lived seeds.Red plum is most Big feature is its florescence in cold winter, its petal is delicate and exquisite, increases a beautiful scape for the world, has stronger sight Reward value.Red plum blossom energy powder for improving appetite is strongly fragrant, resolving sputum of promoting the production of body fluid, promoting blood circulation and detoxication, there is adjustment endocrine disturbance, enrich blood, strengthening the spleen and stomach, disappear Scorching, nti-freckle and other effects.
The red common implantation methods of plum include grafting, cuttage and press strip.Grafting is the most effective of the cultivation excellent nursery stock of plum blossom Method, in order to improve graft survival rate, other than ensureing Stockscion combination and quality, should select forming layer be easy healing period into Row, is usually grafted in season in spring and autumn, and the grafting time limit is shorter, and the rush season of spring and autumn positive value agricultural production, labour Anxiety, expenses of labour are higher;The stock of tradition grafting plum seedling uses peach anvil, Lee's anvil or apricot anvil, this is unfavorable to the development of Japanese apricot, because They have certain otherness, to a certain extent not each other in scion external morphology structure, in physiology and hereditary capacity It can realize really affine.
Invention content
It it is an object of the invention to overcome the above problem, provides that a kind of survival rate is high, at low cost, grows fast red plum grafting Method for culturing seedlings.
Technical proposal that the invention solves the above-mentioned problems is as follows:
A kind of red plum grafting seedlings-growing method, includes the following steps:
(1) selection and processing of stock:Select raw Japanese apricot stakes in 50 years of appropriate, the healthy no disease and pests harm in medium density, orientation For stock, grafting the last week carries out watering to stock and basal dressing is handled, and breaks after anvil, scabbles section, standardized vertical in stock cortex Then notch is handled with disinfectant, cut off the other branch near branch to be grafted;
(2) selection and processing of scion:Selection development is healthy and strong, sprout is full, no disease and pests harm annual red plum branch, slightly Degree is 0.4~0.6cm, cuts off branches and leaves, and scion is cut into long 10~12cm, is whittled into the monocline face of 3cm, bevel is straight, and in monocline Respectively slightly prune a knife in the back side both sides in face;The low temperature paraffin liquid that the scion dipping of acquisition is melted, makes scion uniformly be stained with Coating of wax film carries out rapidly when dipping in wax in the ventilation that cools, and cere gets over Bao Yuehao, is placed on scion after dipping in wax cold in cold water But, it is put in woven bag, is preserved under the conditions of 2-5 DEG C for use after drying;
(3) grafting operation:Progress mid-February in mid or late December to the coming year is grafted in, scion prepared by step (2) is from anvil The wooden notch is inserted among xylem and bast, the monocline of scion facing towards the xylem of stock, scion is made to be kissed with notch It closes, smears binder, then wrapped up interface tightly with plastic film strip, then outer layer wraps up 3~6 layers of cloth again, plays heat preservation effect Fruit;Fungicide is smeared around the interface bandaged, prevents pest and disease damage from encroaching on;
(4) management after grafting:1. fertilizer and water management:After the completion of grafting, annular ditch is dug in stock base portion, is uniformly applied in ditch With 40~120g of 50~80g of siliceous fertilizer and cake fertilizer, watering, earthing is filled and led up;2. removing sprout tillers:It constantly wipes out and sprouts in scion growth period Tiller, preventing sprout tillers from growing thickly influences the normal growth of scion young sprout;3. unbinding:The cloth and plastics of bondage are unlocked in grafting after 45~55 days Film tape, and strut is bound in time, it ties up and draws young sprout, prevent big wind folding or people and animals from damaging.
Preferably, the preparation method of disinfectant described in step (1) is:By 20 parts of kuh-seng, 30 parts of the rhizome of Chinese monkshood, 15 parts of the coptis, 10 parts of rhizome of cyrtomium, 8 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 25 parts of black false hellebore are added in the water of 3 times of its total weights, are beaten, and filtering is concentrated into thick.
Preferably, binder described in step (3) is mud, wherein adding the ABT root-inducing powders 2 of 25ppm in mud Solution and glucose solution.
Preferably, the preparation method of fungicide described in step (3) is:By 7 parts of wollastonite, 12 parts of gypsum, 40 parts of water, food 1 part of salt, 3 parts of magnesium chloride, 4 parts of calcium oxide, 1.5 parts of lime sulfur stoste, 2 parts of grease mix to uniformly;Wherein, institute It is now with the current to state fungicide, the resting period should not be too long.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) present invention uses raw Japanese apricot stake in 50 years for stock, and affinity is strong, well developed root system, and adaptability and cold-resistant resist Drought and diseases and insect pests resistance are strong, and hereditary capacity is stablized, and the scion growth and development after grafting is good, and survival rate is high, and the plum blossom florescence is long, Ornamental value is strong;
(2) grafting time of the invention in winter, reduces the moisture evaporation effect of stock and scion, by interface Cloth is wrapped up, reaches antifreeze, heat insulation effect, and winter is dull season in busy farming season, labour is more, and expenses of labour is low, can careful operation grafting With manage with delicacy;
(3) disinfectant and fungicide used are environmentally friendly machine in the present invention, and disinfectant is Chinese medicine preparation, can effectively be prevented It cures the disease insect pest, and has no toxic side effect to human body and plant, while decreasing environmental pollution;On the one hand fungicide can be killed with desinsection Mite, prevention red spider, the pest and disease damages such as shell insects, while the nutrients such as silicon, calcium, magnesium can also be provided to Japanese apricot, have it is dual, Efficiently effect, reduces the incidence of scion, reduces the usage amount of pesticide;
(4) engrafting method of the invention is easy to operate, practical, survival rate is high, convenient for popularization.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment is carried out lower based on the technical solution of the present invention Implement, gives detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation Example.
A kind of red plum grafting seedlings-growing method, includes the following steps:
(1) selection and processing of stock:Select raw Japanese apricot stakes in 50 years of appropriate, the healthy no disease and pests harm in medium density, orientation For stock, grafting the last week carries out watering to stock and basal dressing is handled, and breaks after anvil, scabbles section, standardized vertical in stock cortex Then notch is handled with disinfectant, cut off the other branch near branch to be grafted;
Wherein, the preparation method of the disinfectant is:By 20 parts of kuh-seng, 30 parts of the rhizome of Chinese monkshood, 15 parts of the coptis, 10 parts of rhizome of cyrtomium, Chinese mugwort 8 parts of leaf, 25 parts of black false hellebore, 3 times of its total weights of addition water in, be beaten, filtering, be concentrated into it is thick, then by preparation Disinfectant is applied to incision.Disinfectant is Chinese medicine preparation, can effectively prevent pest and disease damage, and to the nontoxic secondary work of human body and plant With, while decreasing environmental pollution;
Use raw Japanese apricot stake in 50 years for stock, affinity is strong, well developed root system, adaptability and cold-resistant, drought resisting and disease-resistant Insect pest ability is strong, and hereditary capacity is stablized, and improves graft survival rate.
(2) selection and processing of scion:Selection development is healthy and strong, sprout is full, no disease and pests harm annual red plum branch, slightly Degree is 0.4~0.6cm, cuts off branches and leaves, and scion is cut into long 10~12cm, is whittled into the monocline face of 3cm, bevel is straight, and in monocline Respectively slightly prune a knife in the back side both sides in face;The low temperature paraffin liquid that the scion dipping of acquisition is melted, makes scion uniformly be stained with Coating of wax film carries out rapidly when dipping in wax in the ventilation that cools, and cere gets over Bao Yuehao, is placed on scion after dipping in wax cold in cold water But, it is put in woven bag, is preserved in 4 DEG C of refrigerator for use after drying;
(3) grafting operation:Progress mid-February in mid or late December to the coming year is grafted in, scion prepared by step (2) is from anvil The wooden notch is inserted among xylem and bast, the monocline of scion facing towards the xylem of stock, scion is made to be kissed with notch It closes, smears binder, the binder is mud, wherein adding No. 2 solution of ABT root-inducing powders and grape of 25ppm in mud Then sugar juice is wrapped up interface tightly with plastic film strip, then outer layer wraps up 3~6 layers of cloth again, plays heat insulation effect;It is wrapping Fungicide is smeared around the interface tied, prevents pest and disease damage from encroaching on;
Wherein, the preparation method of the fungicide is:By 7 parts of wollastonite, 12 parts of gypsum, 40 parts of water, 1 part of salt, chlorination 3 parts of magnesium, 4 parts of calcium oxide, 1.5 parts of lime sulfur stoste, 2 parts of grease mix to uniformly;The fungicide will be now with existing With the resting period should not be too long;On the one hand such fungicide can prevent the pest and disease damages such as red spider, shell insects, together with Insecticiding-miticiding When silicon, calcium, the nutrients such as magnesium can also be provided to Japanese apricot, there is dual, efficient effect, reduce the incidence of scion, subtract The usage amount of pesticide is lacked.
(4) management after grafting:1. fertilizer and water management:After the completion of grafting, annular ditch is dug in stock base portion, is uniformly applied in ditch With 40~120g of 50~80g of siliceous fertilizer and cake fertilizer, watering, earthing is filled and led up;2. removing sprout tillers:It constantly wipes out and sprouts in scion growth period Tiller, preventing sprout tillers from growing thickly influences the normal growth of scion young sprout;3. unbinding:The cloth and plastics of bondage are unlocked in grafting after 45~55 days Film tape, and strut is bound in time, it ties up and draws young sprout, prevent big wind folding or people and animals from damaging.
The grafting time of the present invention is selected in winter, reduces the moisture evaporation effect of stock and scion, by interface Cloth is wrapped up, reaches antifreeze, heat insulation effect, and winter is dull season in busy farming season, labour is more, and expenses of labour is low, can careful operation grafting With manage with delicacy.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of red plum grafting seedlings-growing method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) selection and processing of stock:It is anvil to select raw Japanese apricot stakes in 50 years of appropriate, the healthy no disease and pests harm in medium density, orientation Wood, grafting the last week carries out watering to stock and basal dressing is handled, and breaks after anvil, scabbles section, in the standardized longitudinal incision of stock cortex, Then it is handled with disinfectant, cuts off the other branch near branch to be grafted;
(2) selection and processing of scion:Selection development is healthy and strong, sprout is full, no disease and pests harm annual red plum branch, and rugosity is 0.4~0.6cm, cuts off branches and leaves, and scion is cut into long 10~12cm, is whittled into the monocline face of 3cm, bevel is straight, and in monocline face Respectively slightly prune a knife in back side both sides;The low temperature paraffin liquid that the scion dipping of acquisition is melted, makes scion uniformly be stained with one layer Cere carries out rapidly when dipping in wax in the ventilation that cools, and cere gets over Bao Yuehao, and scion is placed in cold water after dipping in wax and is cooled down, It is put in woven bag, is preserved under the conditions of 2-5 DEG C for use after drying;
(3) grafting operation:Progress mid-February in mid or late December to the coming year is grafted in, scion prepared by step (2) is cut from stock It is inserted among opening's edge xylem and bast, the monocline of scion facing towards the xylem of stock, so that scion is coincide with notch, apply Binder is smeared, is then wrapped up interface tightly with plastic film strip, then outer layer wraps up 3~6 layers of cloth again, plays heat insulation effect; Fungicide is smeared around the interface bandaged, prevents pest and disease damage from encroaching on;
(4) management after grafting:1. fertilizer and water management:After the completion of grafting, annular ditch is dug in stock base portion, silicon is uniformly applied in ditch Fertilizer 40~120g of 50~80g and cake fertilizer, watering, earthing are filled and led up;2. removing sprout tillers:Sprout tillers is constantly wiped out in scion growth period, is prevented Only sprout tillers, which is grown thickly, influences the normal growth of scion young sprout;3. unbinding:The cloth and plastic film of bondage are unlocked in grafting after 45~55 days Item, and strut is bound in time, it ties up and draws young sprout, prevent big wind folding or people and animals from damaging.
2. a kind of red plum grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that disinfectant described in step (1) Preparation method be:20 parts of kuh-seng, 30 parts of the rhizome of Chinese monkshood, 15 parts of the coptis, 10 parts of rhizome of cyrtomium, 8 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 25 parts of black false hellebore are added 3 times It in the water of its total weight, is beaten, filtering is concentrated into thick.
3. a kind of red plum grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that binder described in step (3) For mud, wherein adding No. 2 solution of ABT root-inducing powders and glucose solution of 25ppm in mud.
4. a kind of red plum grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that fungicide described in step (3) Preparation method be:By 7 parts of wollastonite, 12 parts of gypsum, 40 parts of water, 1 part of salt, 3 parts of magnesium chloride, 4 parts of calcium oxide, lime sulfur 1.5 parts of stoste, 2 parts of grease mix to uniformly;Wherein, the fungicide is now with the current, and the resting period should not be too long.
CN201610243228.2A 2016-04-18 2016-04-18 A kind of red plum grafting seedlings-growing method Active CN105815122B (en)

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CN107223520A (en) * 2017-07-19 2017-10-03 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 A kind of cultural method of red plum potted landscape by stub of pear tree
CN114097444A (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-03-01 青岛灯塔农林高科技开发有限公司 Grafting cultivation method of cold-resistant red plum

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CN1165213C (en) * 1999-08-18 2004-09-08 范军科 Method for grafting wintersweet
CN1113605C (en) * 2000-11-16 2003-07-09 田国祥 Liquid insecticide as agricultural chemical prepared from natural plant and its preparing process
CN101401533A (en) * 2008-10-17 2009-04-08 南京新世纪园艺研究所 Seedling cultivation method for plum tree
CN101622942A (en) * 2009-08-18 2010-01-13 河北农业大学 Wax sealing method for fruit tree cions
CN103999883A (en) * 2013-02-25 2014-08-27 天津市长青泰农业环保科技发展有限公司 Traditional Chinese medicinal preparation having advantages of environmental protection, no residual and long-acting sterilization desinsection, and preparation method thereof
CN103283499B (en) * 2013-05-30 2015-07-01 句容美华园林景观发展有限公司 Red plum graft propagation method by using green plums as rootstocks
CN103609339B (en) * 2013-10-14 2015-09-30 安徽和合园林绿化工程有限公司 Green plum old stake rejuvenation secondary grafting quickly breeding views and admires the method for plum blossom
CN104221727A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-12-24 莱州市宏顺梅花种植科技有限公司 Plum blossom planting method by grafting ripe plum blossom twigs onto twig stocks
CN104206434A (en) * 2014-08-27 2014-12-17 青岛保利康新材料有限公司 High-efficiency insecticidal pesticide
CN104521574B (en) * 2014-12-22 2017-06-27 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 Soapberry high position grafting method
CN105075682A (en) * 2015-06-24 2015-11-25 安顺市西秀区春实绿化苗木有限公司 Method for grafting red plum and peach

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