CN104999644A - 超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材生产工艺及其铸造机 - Google Patents

超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材生产工艺及其铸造机 Download PDF

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CN104999644A
CN104999644A CN201410154537.3A CN201410154537A CN104999644A CN 104999644 A CN104999644 A CN 104999644A CN 201410154537 A CN201410154537 A CN 201410154537A CN 104999644 A CN104999644 A CN 104999644A
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ultra
molecular weight
weight polyethylene
high molecular
machine
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薜平
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Ao Hai (shanghai) Machinery Co Ltd
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Ao Hai (shanghai) Machinery Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/076761 priority patent/WO2015158281A1/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B29C48/9115—Cooling of hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/025—General arrangement or layout of plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/397—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/885—External treatment, e.g. by using air rings for cooling tubular films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
    • B29C48/915—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means with means for improving the adhesion to the supporting means
    • B29C48/916—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means with means for improving the adhesion to the supporting means using vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/904—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article using dry calibration, i.e. no quenching tank, e.g. with water spray for cooling or lubrication
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B29C48/9115—Cooling of hollow articles
    • B29C48/912—Cooling of hollow articles of tubular films
    • B29C48/913—Cooling of hollow articles of tubular films externally

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  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材生产工艺，先将超高分子量聚乙烯纯料通过上料机输送到单螺杆挤出机的料筒，超高分子量聚乙烯纯料在料筒中压实，熔化，塑化，经过法兰连接口进入模具，超高分子量聚乙烯纯料进入模具后，模具将超高分子量聚乙烯纯料作压缩、脱气和预热处理，塑造成所需管材之尺寸，管材从模具出来后被置于模具之后真空定型箱内，以真空将成品形状固定，并在牵引机的牵引下在真空定型箱经过真空定径，冷却成成型的管材，在管材的成型过程中，螺杆在前方提升挤压推力，牵引机在后方辅助单螺杆挤出机为铸造机提供动力，将成品输送到剪切机进行定长切割，进而被放置到翻料架并送往其他机械进行后续处理。

Description

超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材生产工艺及其铸造机
技术领域
本发明涉及超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材的生产技术，具体是一种超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材生产工艺及其铸造机。
背景技术
超高分子量聚乙烯是平均分子量大于200万的热塑性工程塑料，该材料综合性能可长期在-269℃至+80℃条件下工作，被称为"令人惊异"的工程塑料；该材料制成而成的超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材耐磨性居塑料之冠，是碳钢、不锈钢的3-7倍，摩擦系数低，自润滑，抗粘结，不结垢，降低物料的输送能量；冲击强度列塑料之首，冲击能吸收值在所有塑料中最高，且具消音性，化学稳定性好，优良的耐低温性，卫生无毒可接触食品和药物。但其粘度极高，几乎没有流动性，临界剪切速率较低，摩擦系数极低导致挤出加工料困难，以致在很长时间内，超高分子量聚乙烯的加工只可以小批量生产，生产效率低下。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于通过以一整套由"单螺杆挤出机"、"模具"、"真空定型箱"和"牵引机"组成的系统以实现提升超高分子量聚乙烯原料加工速度的方案，以达到提升超高分子量聚乙烯纯料的加工效率，实现超高分子量聚乙烯纯料加工制品大批量生产，提升产品物料加工稳定性。
为实现上述目的采用以下技术方案：
一种超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材生产工艺，其特征在于：先将超高分子量聚乙烯纯料通过上料机输送到单螺杆挤出机的料筒，超高分子量聚乙烯纯料在料筒中压实，熔化，塑化，经过法兰连接口进入模具，超高分子量聚乙烯纯料进入模具后，模具将超高分子量聚乙烯纯料作压缩、脱气和预热处理，塑造成所需管材之尺寸，管材从模具出来后被置于模具之后真空定型箱内，以真空将成品形状固定，并在牵引机的牵引下在真空定型箱经过真空定径，冷却成成型的管材，在管材的成型过程中，螺杆在前方提升挤压推力，牵引机在后方辅助单螺杆挤出机为铸造机提供动力，将成品输送到剪切机进行定长切割，进而被放置到翻料架并送往其他机械进行后续处理。
一种超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材的铸造机，其特征在于：包括单螺杆挤出机、模具、真空定型箱和牵引机，单螺杆挤出机、模具、真空定型箱和牵引机依次放置，所述的单螺杆挤出机、模具、真空定型箱和牵引机的工作通道处于一直线上，单螺杆挤出机通过法兰与模具的进料口相通，所述模具的出料口与真空定型箱进料端相通，真空定型箱内部的后段设置冷却系统，真空定型箱的出料端与牵引机相连。
所述的单螺杆挤出机包括电机、传动装置、螺杆11、料筒12和机筒，螺杆11设置机筒内，所述的机筒13的加料段内安装有可拆式衬套13，衬套13与螺杆11加料段等长，衬套13内壁开设有多头螺旋沟槽15，螺旋沟槽15的旋向与螺杆螺槽14旋向相反；料筒下料口与料筒相通，电机通过传动装置驱动螺杆。
所述的模具包括模腔、脱气部件和预热处理部件。
在所述的牵引机之后还依次设有切割机和翻料架。
本发明以单螺杆挤出机输送到和模具进行压缩、脱气、加热和塑形，塑形后的原料被推送入真空定型箱定型，成品通过冷却装置冷却后以牵引机协助拉出，送往后续处理，采用专用的单螺杆挤出机和牵引机协助解决了超高分子量聚乙烯纯料由于粘度极高，几乎没有流动性无法快速送料大批量生产的不足，从而达到提升超高分子量聚乙烯纯料的加工速度，实现超高分子量聚乙烯纯料加工制品大批量生产；同时模具成型后的管材马上通过高温进行定型，可提升产品物料加工的稳定性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为本发明俯视图；
图3为本发明单螺杆挤出机的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1-3所示，一种超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材的铸造机，包括单螺杆挤出机1、模具2、真空定型箱3和牵引机4，单螺杆挤出机1、模具2、真空定型箱3和牵引机4依次放置，所述的单螺杆挤出机1、模具2、真空定型箱3和牵引机4的工作通道处于一直线上，单螺杆挤出机1通过法兰与模具2的进料口相通，所述模具2的出料口与真空定型箱3进料端相通，真空定型箱3内部的后段设置冷却系统，真空定型箱3的出料端与牵引机4相连；所述的单螺杆挤出机包括电机、传动装置、螺杆11、料筒12和机筒，螺杆11设置机筒内，所述的机筒13的加料段内安装有可拆式衬套13，衬套13与螺杆11加料段等长，衬套13内壁开设有多头螺旋沟槽15，螺旋沟槽15的旋向与螺杆螺槽14旋向相反；料筒下料口与料筒相通，电机通过传动装置驱动螺杆；所述的料筒上设置有上料机8，所述的模具2包括模腔、脱气部件和预热处理部件；在所述的牵引机4之后还依次设有切割机5和翻料架6，牵引机4、切割机5和翻料架6还与空压机9连接。
本发明的生产工艺如下：先将超高分子量聚乙烯纯料加入上料机输送到单螺杆挤出机的料筒，开启电机工作，电机通过转动装置带动螺杆转动，螺杆将料筒内的超高分子量聚乙烯纯料经过机筒向单螺杆挤出机之后的模具挤压，超高分子量聚乙烯纯料进入模具后，模具将超高分子量聚乙烯纯料作压缩、脱气和预热处理，塑造成所需管材之尺寸，管材从模具出来后被置于模具之后真空定型箱内，以高温将成品形状固定，然后再经冷却系统冷却管材成品，管材经冷却系统后再由牵引机协助将成品继续从"真空定型箱"拉出，在管材的成型过程中，螺杆在前方提升挤压推力，牵引机在后方辅助单螺杆挤出机为铸造机提供动力，将成品输送到剪切机进行定长切割，进而被放置到翻料架并送往其他机械进行后续处理。
本发明为了节约成本，降低能耗，还在所述的法兰和模具的外部依次安装有法兰连接区、温度一区、温度二区、温度三区、温度四区和温度五区六个保温区，每个保温区安装一套耐高温保温棉，具体要求是加了保温套后，保温套表面的温度不超过50度，增加保温套的好处有： 1、节约生产成本，由于模具加热的功率大，耗电大，模具加装保温套后，模具和物料产生的热不容易散失出去，模具温度不容易下降，加热圈不需要启动加热来维持温度，所以可以节约电能；2、模具加装保温套以后，能够保证同一模具截面的圆周四周的温度差别不大，由于热是上升的，如果没有保温套，模具的重直上下的温差较大，模具上面比底部温度高，超高分子量聚乙烯对加工温度敏戚，如果同一模具截面的同一圆周的四周温度不均匀，会导致通过圆周四周的熔融的超高分子量聚乙烯运动阻力不一样，同一圆周的出料速度不一样，会导致熔融管材开裂或者破裂而难以成型，模具加装保温套以后，只要控制模具的一区和二区以及法兰连接区的加热温度，模具的三区，四区和五区以及内加热区在模具到达既定的温度后就不再启动加热，完全可以靠前面物料带来的热维持温度，各保温区温度挫制范围：法兰连接区：190-230度 , 温度一区：200-240度，温度二区：200-240度，温度三区：190-230度 , 温度四区：180-220度，温度五区：170-210度。

Claims (6)

1.一种超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材生产工艺，其特征在于：先将超高分子量聚乙烯纯料通过上料机输送到单螺杆挤出机的料筒，超高分子量聚乙烯纯料在料筒中压实，熔化，塑化，经过法兰连接口进入模具，超高分子量聚乙烯纯料进入模具后，模具将超高分子量聚乙烯纯料作压缩、脱气和预热处理，塑造成所需管材之尺寸，管材从模具出来后被置于模具之后真空定型箱内，以高温将成品形状固定，并在牵引机的牵引下在真空定型箱经过真空定径，冷却成成型的管材，在管材的成型过程中，螺杆在前方提升挤压推力，牵引机在后方辅助单螺杆挤出机为铸造机提供动力，将成品从输送到剪切机进行定长切割，进而被放置到翻料架并送往其他机械进行后续处理。
2.一种超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材的铸造机，其特征在于：包括单螺杆挤出机、模具、真空定型箱和牵引机，单螺杆挤出机、模具、真空定型箱和牵引机依次放置，所述的单螺杆挤出机、模具、真空定型箱和牵引机的工作通道处于一直线上，单螺杆挤出机通过法兰与模具的进料口相通，所述模具的出料口与真空定型箱进料端相通，真空定型箱内部的后段设置冷却系统，真空定型箱的出料端与牵引机相连。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材的铸造机，其特征在于：所述的单螺杆挤出机包括电机、传动装置、螺杆（11）、料筒（12）和机筒，螺杆（11）设置机筒内，所述的机筒（13）的加料段内安装有可拆式衬套（13），衬套（13）与螺杆（11）加料段等长，衬套（13）内壁开设有多头螺旋沟槽（15），螺旋沟槽（15）的旋向与螺杆螺槽（14）旋向相反；料筒下料口与料筒相通，电机通过传动装置驱动螺杆。
4.如权利要求2所述的一种超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材的铸造机，其特征在于：所述的模具包括模腔、脱气部件和预热处理部件。
5.如权利要求2所述的一种超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材的铸造机，其特征在于：在所述的牵引机之后还依次设有切割机和翻料架。
6.如权利要求2所述的一种超高分子量聚乙烯纯料管材的铸造机，其特征在于：在所述的法兰和模具的外部依次安装有法兰连接区、温度一区、温度二区、温度三区、温度四区和温度五区六个保温区，每个保温区安装一套耐高温保温棉。
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