CN104997091B - 蛹虫草速溶固体饮料 - Google Patents
蛹虫草速溶固体饮料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104997091B CN104997091B CN201510337722.0A CN201510337722A CN104997091B CN 104997091 B CN104997091 B CN 104997091B CN 201510337722 A CN201510337722 A CN 201510337722A CN 104997091 B CN104997091 B CN 104997091B
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- cordyceps militaris
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- cyclodextrin
- solid beverage
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Abstract
一种蛹虫草速溶固体饮料，由如下重量份的原料制成：蛹虫草子实体20‑50，甜茶10‑15，大枣10‑20，芡实10‑20，枸杞10‑20份，环糊精20～30。本发明以补益价值很高的蛹虫草子实体为基本原料，充分发掘蛹虫草的各种功效，辅以有效成分齐全功效全面的甜茶、补血健脾的大枣、益肾固精的芡实、治肝肾阴亏的枸杞，得到主要对体质虚弱者有效，兼具补肺健脾、益肾固精、养颜美容功效的食疗健康饮品。本发明还提供上述的蛹虫草速溶固体饮料的制备方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及饮品技术领域，具体是速溶固体饮料，更具体一种蛹虫草速溶固体饮料。
技术背景
蛹虫草(Cordyceps militaris)于2009年被卫生部批准成为新资源食品(卫生部关于批准蛹虫草为新资源食品的公告(2009年第3号))，具体见下表。
蛹虫草的主要营养成分为：氨基酸，蛋白质，虫草素，虫草酸(甘露醇)，SOD，腺苷，虫草多糖，还含有17种微量元素、12种维生素，维生素A、B1、B2、B6、B12、C、D、E等含量高于菇类，其主要食用功效包括：眩晕耳鸣，健忘不寐，腰膝酸软，阳痿早泄，久咳虚喘。
蛹虫草含有N6-[β-(乙酰胺甲酰)氧乙基]腺苷；虫草环肽A；核苷；麦角甾醇过氧化物等多种生物活性物质。现代科学论证蛹虫草不仅具有特殊的营养价值，而且有明显的药用价值。其中尤以虫草酸、虫草素、虫草多糖和SOD等多种生物活性物质的药用价值最为显著。虫草酸(甘露醇)可以显著地降低颅压，促进机体新陈代谢，因而使脑溢血和脑血栓病症得到缓解。虫草素是一种具有抗菌活性的核苷类物质，对核多聚腺苷酸聚合酶有很强的抑制作用。在DNA转录mRNA过程中使mRNA成熟障碍，抑制癌细胞的生长。并有降血糖的作用。虫草多糖是一种高度分枝的半乳甘露聚糖，它能促进淋巴细胞转化，提高血清IgG的抗体含量和机体的免疫功能，增强机体自身抗癌抑癌的能力。SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)可以消除机体内超氧自由基，具有抗衰老、抗癌抑癌的作用。此外，蛹虫草还含有丰富的硒(Se)，这种微量元素已被大家公认是人体必需的微量元素，是谷胱甘肽过氧化酶的活性中心，以硒半胱氨酸的形式连接在酶蛋白的肽链上，保护细胞膜的稳定性的正常的通透性，并刺激免疫球蛋白和抗体的产生，增强机体免疫和抗氧化能力。同时，大量的科学实践证明硒可以明显地抑制癌细胞的生长。虫草素可用于抗癌剂、抗病毒剂、抗氧化剂、核糖核酸抑制剂、生物活性物质、抗真菌剂，引起了全球发达国家的重视，高纯度的虫草素在中国市场每克已达6000元。据报道，在美国已将虫草素作为抗癌抗病毒新药进入临床试用。在中国也已将由虫草素合成的治疗白血病的新药进入期临床试用。
CN103039671A公开了一种虫草速溶茶，采用如下重量份的原料：蛹虫草子实体20-40份，黄精5-15份，枸杞10-20份，葛根10-20份，茯苓10-20份、莲子5-10份、人参或西洋参5-10份、低聚异麦芽糖40-50份，将所述原料经过水提取或超微粉碎混合造粒而成，是一种对中老年及机体处于亚健康态人群具有增强免疫力、保护肝肾细胞、调节肠道菌群、促进双歧杆菌增殖、改善胃肠道功能等作用的固体速溶饮料。但是该技术方案中由于使用了人参或西洋参，致使成本升高。
发明内容
为了充分发掘蛹虫草的各种功效，并降低产品成本，本发明提供一种蛹虫草速溶固体饮料。
本发明的技术方案为：
蛹虫草速溶固体饮料，由如下重量份的原料制成：蛹虫草子实体20-50，甜茶10-15，大枣10-20，芡实10-20，枸杞10-20份，环糊精20～30。
优选方案中，蛹虫草子实体的重量份为30-40，环糊精的重量份为15～20。
更加优选的方案中，蛹虫草子实体的重量份为35，环糊精的重量份为25。
特别地，本发明所述的蛹虫草速溶固体饮料，其环糊精选用β-环糊精。
本发明还提供上述的蛹虫草速溶固体饮料的制备方法。
蛹虫草速溶固体饮料的制备方法，其步骤包括：
(1)、将甜茶、大枣、芡实、枸杞破碎后一起放入提取罐中，并加入配方量1/5的环糊精；
(2)、使用60～80度热水回流提取；
(3)、提取液浓缩干燥；
(4)、将蛹虫草子实体经粉碎、过200-300目筛备用；
(5)、将(3)与(4)所得与剩余环糊精混合，制成颗粒；
(6)、干燥；
(7)、内分装和外包装。
在步骤(3)和(6)，温度不超过60度，真空干燥。
在步骤(5)，制粒粒径为0.1～2mm。
在步骤(6)，干燥至产品含水0.1～5％。
甜茶(学名：Rubus Suatrssimus S.Lee，英文名Sweet tea)系蔷薇科悬钩子属植物，又名甘叶悬钩子，为多年生有刺灌木。甜茶性凉、味甘平，具有清热、润肺利咽、祛痰止咳等功效。甜茶素有降血压、降血糖、促进新陈代谢、治疗胃酸过多等作用。甜茶素还是一种高甜度低热值的非糖甜味剂，甜度是蔗糖的300倍，热值仅为蔗糖的1％，可作为糖精和蔗糖的替代品，用于食品、医药等行业。心血管、肥胖、糖尿病等患者均可饮用。
甜茶具备普通绿茶的功效外同时还具有防治心血管疾病、预防中风、防癌作用、预防牙齿疾病等药效，具有清热解毒、防癌抗癌抗过敏、润肺化痰止咳、减肥降脂降压、降低血胆固醇、抑制和延缓血管硬化、防治冠心病和糖尿病等众多的保健功能，能够分解黑色素，抑制黑斑和黄褐斑的形成。甜茶茶多酚有明显抗氧化、抗突变、防癌、降低胆固醇、降低血液中低密度脂蛋白、抑制血压上升、抑制血糖上升、抑制血小板凝集、抗菌、抗食物过敏、改善肠胃微生物环境、消臭的作用。甜茶黄酮能强化微血管、抗氧化、降血压，具有清除自由基能力，是防治心脑血管疾病和抗癌防癌的佳品。甜茶黄酮能强化微血管、抗氧化、降血压，具有显著的清除自由基能力，是养颜美容的佳品。
甜茶中富含18种氨基酸和丰富的人体所必需的微量元素，主要有钙0.84％、锌105.5mg/kg、锗5.5μg/kg、硒17.94μg/kg，及钾、镁、磷、铁、钠、铜、铬、锶、锂等多种元素，不含砷铝等有毒物质，除上述所含微量元素外，还富含维生素C、B1、B2、B3、超氧化物岐化酶，鲜甜茶中维生素C的含量高达115mg/100g。硒能消除对人体有害的自由基，改变致癌物质的代谢方向，减少人体细胞和细胞膜成分的氧化损伤，提高机体抵抗能力，从而能够延缓人的寿命。锗能增强红细胞的带氧能力，从而保证机体的供氧量，有利于新陈代谢的进行。生物类黄酮能强化微血管、抗氧化、降血压，是防治心脑血管疾病和防癌抗癌的佳品。
大枣是一种常见的补品，在我国很多人都会选择它来滋补，具有补血健脾的功能，现代多用于贫血、血小板减少、消化不良者，健康人常食能使肤色红润，体质增强。枣属于鼠李科落叶果树的成熟果实。其果肉肥厚，色美味鲜，含有丰富的维生素及胡萝卜素等，尤其是维生素C、维生素P的含量特别多，均居百果之冠。鲜枣含糖类达20％～36％，干枣则达55％～80％；每百克鲜枣中含维生素C达300～600毫克之多，因而有“活维生素丸”之称。大枣味甘性温，功能补脾和胃、养气生津、解毒。
芡实，为睡莲科植物芡Euryale ferox Salisb.的干燥成熟种仁。具有益肾固精，补脾止泻，除湿止带之功效。常用于遗精滑精，遗尿尿频，脾虚久泻，白浊，带下。味甘、涩，性平。归脾、肾经。
枸杞，补肾益精，养肝明目，补血安神，生津止渴，润肺止咳。治肝肾阴亏，腰膝酸软，头晕，目眩，目昏多泪，虚劳咳嗽，消渴，遗精。
环糊精是水溶性大分子物质，外缘亲水而内腔疏水，将天然环糊精和修饰环糊精与一些不具备生物相容性的药物分子制备成包合物，不但增加了药物的生物相容性，使混溶于水，还起到了缓释的作用。另外环糊精还可以掩饰有气味的物质。利用环糊精的疏水空腔生成包络物的能力，可使食品工业上许多活性成分与环糊精生成复合物，来达到稳定被包络物物化性质，减少氧化、钝化光敏性及热敏性，降低挥发性的目的，因此环糊精可以用来保护芳香物质和保持色素稳定。特别是β-环糊精可防止维生素、氨基酸氧化、光变质和热破坏，提高产品稳定性。环糊精还可以脱除异味、去除有害成分，如去除蛋黄、稀奶油等食品中的大部分胆固醇。环糊精还可以改善食品工艺和品质，如在茶叶饮料的加工中，使用β-环糊精转溶法既能有效抑制茶汤低温浑浊物的形成，又不会破坏茶多酚、氨基酸等赋型物质，对茶汤的色度、滋味影响最小，另外在萃取时加入β-环糊精包藏香气减少损失。
本发明以补益价值很高的蛹虫草子实体为基本原料，辅以有效成分齐全功效全面的甜茶、补血健脾的大枣、益肾固精的芡实、治肝肾阴亏的枸杞，得到主要对体质虚弱者有效，兼具补肺健脾、益肾固精、养颜美容功效的食疗健康饮品，适用人群包括：
1.脑力劳动者，亚健康人群。
2.易疲劳、易感冒、过肥过瘦、体弱、免疫力低。
3.腰膝酸痛、肾功能差。
4.面部色斑、晦暗。
5.年老体弱、病后体衰、产后体虚者。
特别是心血管、肥胖、糖尿病等患者均可饮用。
本发明在生产方法上，因各种有效成分遇光、热和氧气容易分解，失去保健作用。而甜茶茶多酚有明显抗氧化效果，是以将各种物料一起提取，可以减少有效成分损失。提取时加入环糊精，可包藏香气减少损失，也可以防止有效成分氧化和遇光、遇热变化。
在产品品质上，甜茶茶多酚也还对产品存储发挥抗氧化变质的作用，环糊精可以减少氧化、钝化光敏性及热敏性，环糊精还可以脱除异味，增溶、缓释。
本发明充分发掘蛹虫草的各种功效，也降低产品成本，提供了一种主要对体质虚弱者有效，兼具补肺健脾、益肾固精、养颜美容功效的蛹虫草速溶固体饮料。
具体实施方式
实施例1
取如下重量份的原料：蛹虫草子实体35，甜茶12，大枣15，芡实15，枸杞15份，β-环糊精25。
按下述方法制备：
(1)、将甜茶、大枣、芡实、枸杞破碎后一起放入提取罐中，并加入配方量1/5的环糊精；
(2)、使用60～80度热水回流提取；
(3)、提取液浓缩、真空干燥，温度不超过60度；
(4)、将蛹虫草子实体经粉碎、过200-300目筛备用；
(5)、将(3)与(4)所得与剩余环糊精混合，制成颗粒；制粒粒径为0.1～2mm。
(6)、真空干燥至产品含水0.1～5％，温度不超过60度；
(7)、内分装和外包装。
实施例2
取如下重量份的原料：蛹虫草子实体20，甜茶10，大枣10，芡实10，枸杞20份，β-环糊精30。
按实施例所述方法制备即得。
实施例3
取如下重量份的原料：蛹虫草子实体50，甜茶15，大枣10，芡实10，枸杞20份，β-环糊精20。
按实施例所述方法制备即得。
Claims (3)
1.蛹虫草速溶固体饮料，由如下重量份的原料按照包括下述步骤的方法制成：蛹虫草子实体20-50，甜茶10-15，大枣10-20，芡实10-20，枸杞10-20份，β-环糊精20～30；
步骤(1)、将甜茶、大枣、芡实、枸杞破碎后一起放入提取罐中，并加入配方量1/5的β-环糊精；
步骤(2)、使用60～80度热水回流提取；
步骤(3)、提取液浓缩干燥；
步骤(4)、将蛹虫草子实体经粉碎、过200-300目筛备用；
步骤(5)、将(3)与(4)所得与剩余β-环糊精混合，制成颗粒；
步骤(6)、干燥；
步骤(7)、内分装和外包装；
在步骤(3)和(6)，温度不超过60度，真空干燥；在步骤(5)，制粒粒径为0.1～2mm；在步骤(6)，干燥至产品含水0.1～5％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蛹虫草速溶固体饮料，其特征在于：蛹虫草子实体的重量份为30-40，β-环糊精的重量份为15～20。
3.根据权利要求1所述的蛹虫草速溶固体饮料，其特征在于：蛹虫草子实体的重量份为35，β-环糊精的重量份为25。
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