CN104956922A - Method for cultivating toadstools - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating toadstools. The method comprises the following steps that 1, compost is prepared; 2, sterilization is carried out; 3, inoculation is carried out; 4, mycelium culture is carried out, wherein culture temperature ranges from 20 DEG C to 22 DEG C, air humidity ranges from 45 percent to 55 percent, and after ten days, the temperature ranges from 15 DEG C to 17 DEG C, and the air humidity ranges from 45 percent to 50 percent; 5, land treatment is carried out; 6, a sunshade is built; 7, secondary plowing is carried out; 8, field breeding is carried out; 9, final-period management is carried out, wherein in the earlier stage, air humidity in the sunshade ranges from 30 percent to 35 percent, soil humidity ranges from 55 percent to 65 percent, and temperature ranges from 5 DEG C to 16 DEG C, after 85 days, the air humidity ranges from 83 percent to 88 percent, the soil humidity ranges from 85 percent to 90 percent, the temperature ranges from 22 DEG C to 25 DEG C, and in the fruiting process, the air humidity ranges from 60 percent to 70 percent, the soil humidity ranges from 75 percent to 80 percent, and the temperature does not exceed 28 DEG C; 10, harvesting is carried out. The method is short in period, the contamination rate of the cultivated toadstools is low, the yield is high, and quality is good.

Description

The cultivation method of a kind of hickory chick

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of edible fungus culture, be specifically related to the cultivation method of a kind of hickory chick.

Background technology

Hickory chick (M.esculenta), also known as sheep tripe dish, sheep mushroom, belongs to Morchellaceae, morchella, is found in 1818, and because its structure is similar to cup fungi, top is that fold is netted, as individual sheep tripe, is therefore named as hickory chick.Hickory chick is fresh and tender good to eat, delicious uniqueness, it is one of edible mushroom very delicious in sac fungi, its nutrition is also very abundant, not only be rich in the amino acid of needed by human, crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrate, but also containing multivitamin and various trace elements, have the laudatory title of " hat of food ", " meat or fish in element ".In effect, effect that hickory chick has tonifying kidney and strengthening yang, mends brain, refreshes oneself, long-term edible anti-cancer and kill cancer action in addition, in addition hickory chick can also Tumor suppression, preventing cold, strengthens body immunity, therefore, can be used as the treasure in feast, simultaneously or the good medicine had long enjoyed a good reputation in medicine.Now mainly be distributed in the ground such as Yunnan, Sichuan, Gansu, Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Hebei, Liaoning.

But the hickory chick cycle that existing hickory chick cultivation method goes out is long, and pollution rate is high, and cost is high, yields poorly, poor quality, can not meet the life requirement of people.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to above-mentioned weak point and the cultivation method of a kind of hickory chick provided, the hickory chick pollution rate that the method cultivates is low, and output is high, quality better.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

A cultivation method for hickory chick, comprises the following steps:

(1) prepare composts or fertilisers of cultivating: composts or fertilisers of cultivating composition and percentage composition are wood chip 65%, wheat 30%, gypsum 1%, lime 1%, humus soil 3%, add water after composts or fertilisers of cultivating mixing, again mix, wherein water accounts for 30% of composts or fertilisers of cultivating weight again;

(2) sterilizing: composts or fertilisers of cultivating is loaded sterilizing after cultivation bag, sterilising temp is 100 DEG C, and sterilization time is 36-38h;

(3) inoculate: under aseptic condition, original seed is accessed planting material, sealing, be placed in culturing room and cultivate;

(4) cultural hypha: cultivation temperature is 20 ~ 22 DEG C, air humidity is that after 45 ~ 55%, 10 days, cultivation temperature is 15 ~ 17 DEG C, and air humidity is 45 ~ 50%;

(5) block ground process: block ground selects pH to be the soil of 6.5 ~ 7.5, planting front soil need sterilize with quicklime or ash, and use 3 ~ 5kg for every mu, then plough, the degree of depth is 15 ~ 20cm;

(6) build sunshade: with bamboo pole as support, sunshade height is 1.5 ~ 1.6m, when with steel pipe as support time, sunshade height is 2.5 ~ 2.8m, and upper end 6 pin sunshade nets hide, and both sides are liftoff 60cm is partly with 4 pin sunshade nets coverings;

(7) secondary is ploughed: the degree of depth of ploughing is 12 ~ 15cm, and then trench digging does the ridge, furrow width 100 ~ 150cm, ditch depth 12 ~ 15cm, and the spacing of two ditches is 18 ~ 20cm;

(8) field breeding: select mycelia vigorous, grow fine, without going mouldy, harmless bacterium bag, take the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of the inside of crumbing apart, be placed in the container through sterilization, spread uniformly in ditch, then earthing, the thickness of soil is no more than 5cm;

(9) final-period management: in canopy, air humidity is 30% ~ 35% in earlier stage, and soil moisture is 55% ~ 65%, and temperature is 5 ~ 16 DEG C; After 85 days, air humidity is 83% ~ 88%, and soil moisture is 85% ~ 90%, and temperature is 22 ~ 25 DEG C; During fruiting, air humidity is 60% ~ 70%, and soil moisture is 75% ~ 80%, and temperature is no more than 28 DEG C;

(10) gather: collecting time be at 6 o'clock in the morning to ten one points, or 3 o'clock to 6 o'clock afternoon.

The cultivation method of a kind of hickory chick provided by the invention, has following several beneficial effect:

(1) this cultivation method is simple, and cost is low, and pollution rate is low, and the cycle is short.

(2) the hickory chick quality better of cultivating, output is high.

(3) in composts or fertilisers of cultivating, composition is nuisanceless to soil, and soil can continuous cropping hickory chick.

Embodiment

Embodiment

A cultivation method for hickory chick, comprises the following steps:

(1) prepare composts or fertilisers of cultivating: composts or fertilisers of cultivating composition and percentage composition are wood chip 65%, wheat 30%, gypsum 1%, lime 1%, humus soil 3%, add water after composts or fertilisers of cultivating mixing, again mix, wherein water accounts for 30% of composts or fertilisers of cultivating weight again;

(2) sterilizing: composts or fertilisers of cultivating is loaded sterilizing after cultivation bag, sterilising temp is 100 DEG C, and sterilization time is 36-38h;

(3) inoculate: under aseptic condition, will grow to the hickory chick original seed access planting material occurring sclerotium, sealing, is placed in culturing room and cultivates;

(4) cultural hypha: cultivation temperature is 20 ~ 22 DEG C, air humidity is that after 45% ~ 55%, 10 days, cultivation temperature is 15 ~ 17 DEG C, and air humidity is 45% ~ 50%;

(5) block ground process: block ground selects pH to be the soil of 6.5 ~ 7.5, planting front soil need sterilize with quicklime or ash, and use 3 ~ 5kg for every mu, then plough, the degree of depth is 15 ~ 20cm, preferred 20cm;

(6) build sunshade: with bamboo pole as support, sunshade height is 1.5 ~ 1.6m, when with steel pipe as support time, sunshade height is 2.5 ~ 2.8m, and upper end 6 pin sunshade nets hide, and both sides are liftoff 60cm is partly with 4 pin sunshade nets coverings;

(7) secondary is ploughed: the degree of depth of ploughing is 12 ~ 15cm, and then trench digging does the ridge, furrow width 100 ~ 150cm, ditch depth 12 ~ 15cm, and the spacing of two ditches is 18 ~ 20cm, preferred furrow width 100cm, ditch depth 15cm, and the spacing of two ditches is 20cm;

(8) field breeding: select mycelia vigorous, grow fine, without going mouldy, harmless bacterium bag, take the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of the inside of crumbing apart, be placed in the container through sterilization, spread uniformly in ditch, then earthing, the thickness of soil is no more than 5cm;

(9) final-period management: in canopy, air humidity is 30% ~ 35% in earlier stage, and soil moisture is 55% ~ 65%, and temperature is 5 ~ 16 DEG C; After 85 days, air humidity is 83% ~ 88%, and soil moisture is 85% ~ 90%, and temperature is 22 ~ 25 DEG C; During fruiting, air humidity is 60% ~ 70%, and soil moisture is 75% ~ 80%, and temperature is no more than 28 DEG C;

(10) gather: collecting time be at 6 o'clock in the morning to ten one points, or 3 o'clock to 6 o'clock afternoon.

Traditional hickory chick cultivation period is about 120 days, pollution rate more than 30%, output every mu is about 30kg (fresh weight), the hickory chick poor quality cultivated, weak and incompetent thin, mouthfeel lignification, the lopsided hickory chick cultivated is many, 13 ~ 16kg fresh mushroom 1kg dry product, hickory chick generally can not be planted continuously in the soil of plantation hickory chick; Cultivation method provided by the invention, cultivation period is about 90 days, pollution-free, output every mu is 300 ~ 400kg, and the hickory chick quality cultivated is high, weak and incompetent abundant, mouthfeel is sharp and clear soft, and lopsided hickory chick is few, 7 ~ 8.4kg fresh mushroom 1kg dry product, in addition soil can continuous cropping hickory chick, realizes biological cycle plantation.

Claims (1)

1. a cultivation method for hickory chick, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

(1) prepare composts or fertilisers of cultivating: composts or fertilisers of cultivating composition and percentage composition are wood chip 65%, wheat 30%, gypsum 1%, lime 1%, humus soil 3%, add water after composts or fertilisers of cultivating mixing, again mix, wherein water accounts for 30% of composts or fertilisers of cultivating weight again;

(2) sterilizing: composts or fertilisers of cultivating is loaded sterilizing after cultivation bag, sterilising temp is 100 DEG C, and sterilization time is 36-38h;

(3) inoculate: under aseptic condition, original seed is accessed planting material, sealing, be placed in culturing room and cultivate;

(4) cultural hypha: cultivation temperature is 20 ~ 22 DEG C, air humidity is that after 45 ~ 55%, 10 days, cultivation temperature is 15 ~ 17 DEG C, and air humidity is 45 ~ 50%;

(5) block ground process: block ground selects pH to be the soil of 6.5 ~ 7.5, planting front soil need sterilize with quicklime or ash, and use 3 ~ 5kg for every mu, then plough, the degree of depth is 15 ~ 20cm;

(6) build sunshade: with bamboo pole as support, sunshade height is 1.5 ~ 1.6m, when with steel pipe as support time, sunshade height is 2.5 ~ 2.8m, and upper end 6 pin sunshade nets hide, and both sides are liftoff 60cm is partly with 4 pin sunshade nets coverings;

(7) secondary is ploughed: the degree of depth of ploughing is 12 ~ 15cm, and then trench digging does the ridge, furrow width 100 ~ 150cm, ditch depth 12 ~ 15cm, and the spacing of two ditches is 18 ~ 20cm;

(8) field breeding: select mycelia vigorous, grow fine, without going mouldy, harmless bacterium bag, take the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of the inside of crumbing apart, be placed in the container through sterilization, spread uniformly in ditch, then earthing, the thickness of soil is no more than 5cm;

(9) final-period management: in canopy, air humidity is 30% ~ 35% in earlier stage, and soil moisture is 55% ~ 65%, and temperature is 5 ~ 16 DEG C; After 85 days, air humidity is 83% ~ 88%, and soil moisture is 85% ~ 90%, and temperature is 22 ~ 25 DEG C; During fruiting, air humidity is 60% ~ 70%, and soil moisture is 75% ~ 80%, and temperature is no more than 28 DEG C;

(10) gather: collecting time be at 6 o'clock in the morning to ten one points, or 3 o'clock to 6 o'clock afternoon.