CN107155640A - It is a kind of to make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year - Google Patents
It is a kind of to make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to planting edible mushroom field, more particularly to a kind of make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year.Its technical scheme is:It is a kind of to make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year, comprise the following steps:Select hickory chick kind:The early hickory chick kind of fruiting is selected as treating kind of a hickory chick kind;Arrange soil;Build sunshade;Suitable humidity, time, height above sea level is selected to carry out hickory chick plantation:By soil moisture control 48%~52%, selection height above sea level 400m~600m place carries out hickory chick in late October and sowed;Build arched roof;The harvesting of hickory chick is carried out in early January.Make the hickory chick implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year there is provided a kind of instant invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, solve the problem of existing hickory chick concentrates on listing after year, planting benefit is relatively low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting edible mushroom field, more particularly to a kind of make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year.
Background technology
Hickory chick, is a kind of precious uncommon edible fungus variety, and surface irregularity, shape such as sheep tripe, people cry its hickory chick.Sheep tripe
Bacterium is distributed in China Gansu, the ground such as Qinghai, is worth with very high nutritive value and medicine.
In south, conventional hickory chick implantation methods include following key element:First, arbitrarily select the plantation of a hickory chick
Kind.Second, November~December interval sow (because morchella low form varieties of plant in mushroom, needs room
Outer maximum temperature drops to less than 22 degree and can just sowed).3rd, hickory chick strain kind is in the place of 100 meters to more than 3000 meters of height above sea level.
4th, by arranging soil, arable land, furrow ridge trench digging begins to sowing, 10 after scaffolding (canopy is high 1.8 meters, 6 pin sunshade nets) work
Foreign aid's nutrient bag is put after it, after planting covering with plastic film, hickory chick growth course is completed per natural temperature accumulation by outdoor
The accumulated temperature of middle needs.
But, the time of 100 days or so is undergone due to being sowed from hickory chick to harvesting, if annual November~December
Sow, the 3~April in the coming year could harvest.In recent years, as the people of plantation hickory chick is more and more, hickory chick cultivated area
It is increasing.Largely listed because fresh goods hickory chick concentrates on for 3~April, so the selling price of fresh goods hickory chick is relatively low, one
As be 150 yuan or so of per kilogram.If the hickory chick fresh goods of plantation can be listed before year, selling price can reach per kilogram
More than 300 yuan.
The content of the invention
Make the hickory chick plantation side of hickory chick fruiting before year there is provided a kind of instant invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art
Method, solves the problem of existing hickory chick concentrates on listing after year, planting benefit is relatively low.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention uses following technical scheme:
It is a kind of to make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year, comprise the following steps:
1) hickory chick kind is selected:The hickory chick of several kinds is selected, in the same time by selected hickory chick kind
Plant on same soil, after after hickory chick fruiting, selecting the early hickory chick kind of fruiting as treating kind of a hickory chick kind;
2) soil is arranged:Remove debris in ground, arable land, furrow ridge trench digging;
3) sunshade is built:Sunshade is built in the soil periphery put in order;
4) suitable humidity, time, height above sea level is selected to carry out hickory chick plantation:By soil moisture control 48%~52%,
Height above sea level 400m~600m place is selected, carrying out hickory chick in late October sows;
5) arched roof is built:Under hickory chick strain kind after 20 days, arched roof is built on every ridge, and on arched roof
Plastic sheeting is costed in face, and some circular holes are stamped on a plastic film.
6) harvesting of hickory chick is carried out in early January.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, in step 4) in, by soil moisture control 50%, selection height above sea level 400m~
600m place, carries out hickory chick in late October and sows.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, in step 4) in, by soil moisture control 48%~52%, select height above sea level
500m place, carries out hickory chick in late October and sows.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, in step 5) in, under hickory chick strain kind after 20 days, built on every ridge
Highly it is 70cm arched roof, and plastic sheeting is costed on arched roof, two diameters is stamped on a plastic film every 2m
For 3cm circular hole.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, in step 3) in, a height of 3~4m of canopy of the sunshade, in sunshade overlying
The pin sunshade net of lid four.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, in step 1) in, select after the early hickory chick kind of fruiting, in the early sheep of fruiting
Better resistance, mushroom type is good, yield is high hickory chick kind are selected in tripe bacterium kind as treating kind of a hickory chick kind.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, in step 4) after, increase step 4a):After hickory chick strain is sowed 10 days
Foreign aid's nutrient bag is put on ridge.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1st, tested by hickory chick variety selection, the early hickory chick strain of selection fruiting can shift to an earlier date fruiting time 12 days
Left and right.Selection late October sows, and mycelium length is very fast, and dense sturdy, and fruiting time can shift to an earlier date 10 days.By the way that soil is wet
Degree control is effectively reduced because sowing in advance causes to sow temperature raising and contaminate miscellaneous risk 48%~52%.In height above sea level
400m~600m place is sowed, and both ensure that the reduction of temperature is beneficial to sow in advance, when improving the differentiation of hickory chick former base again
Day and night temperature stimulation in the alternating temperature stimulation needed, so, can shift to an earlier date 10~13 days and sow.By building arched roof, increase
Gas permeability when having added the Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia to grow in the ground, by the adjustment of the step, can shorten crop cycle 15 days
Left and right.Also, build arched roof to be avoided that because rainwater is directly poured on hickory chick and to the influence caused by hickory chick condition, keep
The cleaning of hickory chick, hickory chick fruiting head is uniform in size, neat, and commodity is high.To sum up, planted by the method for the present invention
Hickory chick so that hickory chick fruiting time shifts to an earlier date 45 days or so.
When temperature when the 2nd, contaminating miscellaneous rate and plantation in the ground due to mycelia, plantation the humidity of soil into just, therefore by soil
Humidity is reduced to when 50% progress hickory chick is sowed, and the miscellaneous probability of dye of hickory chick strain is relatively low.By reducing soil moisture
In the case of reducing the miscellaneous rate of strain dye, higher temperature of sowing may be selected, accelerates the growth of mycelia with this.Therefore, select
50% soil moisture is sowed, can be indirectly by time advance of sowing, so as to further shift to an earlier date the fruiting time of hickory chick.
3rd, sowed in height above sea level 500m place, when at utmost can in advance be sowed in the case where temperature is sowed in guarantee
Between, the day and night temperature stimulation in the alternating temperature stimulation needed during the differentiation of hickory chick former base is improved again.So, temperature ensure with
The temperature difference promotes to obtain best balance between growth, can further shift to an earlier date fruiting time.
4th, by building arched roof and stamping two a diameter of 3cm circular hole on a plastic film every 2m, add
Gas permeability when Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia grows in the ground, the crop cycle of hickory chick can further shorten.
5th, in the pin sunshade net of upper covering four of sunshade, can so it do, moreover it is possible to improve ventilating air permeability.
6th, fruiting morning, better resistance are selected, mushroom type is good, yield is high hickory chick kind as kind of a hickory chick kind is treated, not only
Fruiting time can be shifted to an earlier date, moreover it is possible to ensure the condition and yield of hickory chick, farthest improve the economic benefit of grower.
7th, by increasing foreign aid's nutrient bag, it is ensured that the supply of hickory chick nutrition, it is ensured that hickory chick fast-growth, sheep is contributed to
Tripe bacterium shifts to an earlier date fruiting.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below.
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is not used to limit only to explain the present invention
The fixed present invention.
Implementation process and implementation principle:
First, the early hickory chick kind of one fruiting of selection carries out plantation work, for example:Hickory chick a, b, c, d, e, 5
Kind under identical planting conditions, is sowed, fruiting time is unequal simultaneously in same piece of land, selects fruiting morning, resistance
Good, mushroom type is good, and the high kind of yield is planted, and should not select not doing the kind plantation of fruiting experiment, should not also select to move back
Change the kind plantation of variation, should not blind import some uncomprehending varieties of plant.By such adjustment, fruiting time can be carried
First 12 days or so.
Second, implantation time shifts to an earlier date and reduced soil moisture during plantation.Traditional cultivation method requires soil during plantation
Humidity is between 60%-65%, and the soil moisture after adjustment is controlled 50%.It is demonstrated experimentally that mycelia is 50% in humidity
Culture medium on growth it is fine, it is not easy to contaminate miscellaneous.Rule of thumb, when mycelia contaminates miscellaneous rate and temperature when planting and plantation in the ground
The humidity of soil is directly proportional, and temperature is higher during plantation, and humidity is bigger, contaminates miscellaneous probability higher.Therefore, soil is wet when turning down plantation
Degree, or temperature when turning down plantation in canopy, are all that reduction mycelia contaminates one of miscellaneous method in soil.Reduce dye miscellaneous
Risk, also just improves plantation and successfully holds.Why traditional cultivation method is selected in November, is because worrying to have planted early canopy
In temperature it is too high, mycelia infection miscellaneous bacteria.But the conclusion drawn according to plantation observation in several years:When 10-25 spends, Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia day
Long speed is raised and accelerated with temperature, and then straight line declines during higher than 28 degree, and at 25 degree, the long speed of mycelia day is most fast, but lawn layer is thin,
Easy aging;At 20 degree, mycelium length is very fast, and dense sturdy, so Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia optimum growth temperature is outdoor temperature 22
Degree left and right.Late October sows, the place of southern 500 meters or so of height above sea level, and the outdoor maximum temperature of late October is at 24 degree or so.
Temperature of shed can be reduced using high canopy (canopy is high 3-4 meters, and four pin sunshade nets, its ventilating air permeability is good) is built.According to measurement,
Using building after such high canopy, when late October outdoor temperature is 24 degree, temperature of shed is 22 degree or so, and ground temperature in canopy
6-8 degree lower than temperature of shed, so ground temperature is 14-16 degree.Such temperature, the growth of very suitable Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia, therefore plant
Plant time advance has no problem for 8 days or so.Late October is advanceed to as at the beginning of original 11 months, does not result in and contaminates miscellaneous, by so
Adjustment, fruiting time can shift to an earlier date 10 days or so.
3rd, place plantation of the selection height above sea level at 400~600 meters.Same breed, identical planting patterns, latitude is identical,
The higher place of height above sea level is planted in, fruiting is more late, height above sea level often rises 1000 meters, and temperature just declines 4~5 DEG C, is unfavorable for sheep tripe
The growth of bacterium.The too low local day and night temperature of height above sea level is small, the alternating temperature that reduce needs during the differentiation of hickory chick former base stimulate in daytime
Night thermal stimulation is acted on.Consider, the place plantation hickory chick of 400~600 meters of height above sea level of selection can shift to an earlier date fruiting time
10-13 days.
4th, under hickory chick strain kind after 20 days, high 70 centimetres of small arched roof is barricaded as with bamboo on every ridge, and
White plastic film is costed above.Plastic sheeting makes a call to the circular hole of 23 centimetres of diameters at two meters, increases Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia
Gas permeability when growing in the ground.By the adjustment of the step, crop cycle can be shortened 15 days or so.Plantation after adjustment
Mode, because adding plastics Small plastic shed, is avoided because rainwater is directly poured on hickory chick and to hickory chick product during fruiting
The influence mutually caused.The hickory chick that this method kind comes out is clean, and fruiting head is uniform in size, neat, and commodity is high.Tradition is planted
Plant mode accelerates hickory chick growth by covering with plastic film, but because plastic sheeting can damage the young mushroom of the hickory chick formed,
So plastic sheeting must be removed before hickory chick soon fruiting.After traditional planting patterns mulch film is removed, from growing hickory chick
Young mushroom is grown up to young mushroom, it is necessary to time of 13~20 days.Heat preserving mode is changed to build after arched roof, and young mushroom grows up into the time of mushroom
It is 7 days or so.
Traditional planting patterns is because in fruiting evening, can only often adopt a damp mushroom, but also it cannot be guaranteed that the quality of head damp mushroom, the
Even if two damp mushrooms are longer as chance high temperature or heavy rain season are childlike.And the implantation methods after adjusting are because head goes out towards mushroom
It is early, so two damp mushrooms go out also early, it is to avoid because two damp mushroom fruitings evening, the influence of rainy season and high temperature to two damp mushrooms.So
Not only the yield of head damp mushroom and the quality of mushroom are ensured that the yield of two damp mushrooms is also ensured.By the tune of above several respects
Whole, fruiting time shifts to an earlier date 45 days or so, it is ensured that fruiting and harvested sale before year, realizes the output value and be doubled.
Embodiment one
It is a kind of to make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year, comprise the following steps:
1) hickory chick kind is selected:The hickory chick of several kinds is selected, in the same time by selected hickory chick kind
Plant on same soil, after after hickory chick fruiting, selecting the early hickory chick kind of fruiting as treating kind of a hickory chick kind;
2) soil is arranged:Remove debris in ground, arable land, furrow ridge trench digging;
3) sunshade is built:Sunshade is built in the soil periphery put in order;
4) suitable humidity, time, height above sea level is selected to carry out hickory chick plantation:By soil moisture control in 48%, selection sea
400m place is pulled out, carrying out hickory chick in late October sows;
5) arched roof is built:Under hickory chick strain kind after 20 days, arched roof is built on every ridge, and on arched roof
Plastic sheeting is costed in face, and some circular holes are stamped on a plastic film.
6) harvesting of hickory chick is carried out in early January.
Tested by hickory chick variety selection, the early hickory chick strain of selection fruiting can shift to an earlier date fruiting time on 12 days left sides
It is right.Selection late October sows, and mycelium length is very fast, and dense sturdy, and fruiting time can shift to an earlier date 10 days.By by soil moisture
Control is effectively reduced because sowing in advance causes to sow temperature raising and contaminate miscellaneous risk 48%.On height above sea level 400m ground
Side sows, and both ensure that the reduction of temperature is beneficial to sow in advance, the alternating temperature that improve again needs during the differentiation of hickory chick former base is stimulated
In day and night temperature stimulation, so, 10~13 days can be shifted to an earlier date and sowed.By building arched roof, Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia is added
Gas permeability when growing in the ground, by the adjustment of the step, can shorten crop cycle 15 days or so.Also, build
Arched roof is avoided that because rainwater is directly poured on hickory chick and to the influence caused by hickory chick condition, maintains the clean of hickory chick
Only, hickory chick fruiting head is uniform in size, neat, and commodity is high.To sum up, hickory chick is planted by the method for the present invention so that
Hickory chick fruiting time shifts to an earlier date 45 days or so.
Embodiment two
It is a kind of to make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year, comprise the following steps:
1) hickory chick kind is selected:The hickory chick of several kinds is selected, in the same time by selected hickory chick kind
Plant on same soil, after after hickory chick fruiting, selecting the early hickory chick kind of fruiting as treating kind of a hickory chick kind;
2) soil is arranged:Remove debris in ground, arable land, furrow ridge trench digging;
3) sunshade is built:Sunshade is built in the soil periphery put in order;
4) suitable humidity, time, height above sea level is selected to carry out hickory chick plantation:By soil moisture control in 50%, selection sea
500m place is pulled out, carrying out hickory chick in late October sows;
5) arched roof is built:Under hickory chick strain kind after 20 days, arched roof is built on every ridge, and on arched roof
Plastic sheeting is costed in face, and some circular holes are stamped on a plastic film.
6) harvesting of hickory chick is carried out in early January.
Tested by hickory chick variety selection, the early hickory chick strain of selection fruiting can shift to an earlier date fruiting time on 12 days left sides
It is right.Selection late October sows, and mycelium length is very fast, and dense sturdy, and fruiting time can shift to an earlier date 10 days.By by soil moisture
Control is effectively reduced because sowing in advance causes to sow temperature raising and contaminate miscellaneous risk 50%.On height above sea level 500m ground
Side sows, and both ensure that the reduction of temperature is beneficial to sow in advance, the alternating temperature that improve again needs during the differentiation of hickory chick former base is stimulated
In day and night temperature stimulation, so, 10~13 days can be shifted to an earlier date and sowed.By building arched roof, Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia is added
Gas permeability when growing in the ground, by the adjustment of the step, can shorten crop cycle 15 days or so.Also, build
Arched roof is avoided that because rainwater is directly poured on hickory chick and to the influence caused by hickory chick condition, maintains the clean of hickory chick
Only, hickory chick fruiting head is uniform in size, neat, and commodity is high.To sum up, hickory chick is planted by the method for the present invention so that
Hickory chick fruiting time shifts to an earlier date 50 days or so.
Due to mycelia contaminate in the ground miscellaneous rate and plantation when temperature, plantation when soil humidity into just, therefore soil is wet
Degree is reduced to when 50% progress hickory chick is sowed, and the miscellaneous probability of dye of hickory chick strain is relatively low.By reduce soil moisture come
In the case of reducing the miscellaneous rate of strain dye, higher temperature of sowing may be selected, accelerates the growth of mycelia with this.Therefore, select
50% soil moisture is sowed, can be indirectly by time advance of sowing, so as to further shift to an earlier date the fruiting time of hickory chick.
Sowed in height above sea level 500m place, when at utmost can in advance be sowed in the case where temperature is sowed in guarantee
Between, the day and night temperature stimulation in the alternating temperature stimulation needed during the differentiation of hickory chick former base is improved again.So, temperature ensure with
The temperature difference promotes to obtain best balance between growth, can further shift to an earlier date fruiting time.
Embodiment three
It is a kind of to make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year, comprise the following steps:
1) hickory chick kind is selected:The hickory chick of several kinds is selected, in the same time by selected hickory chick kind
Plant on same soil, after after hickory chick fruiting, selecting the early hickory chick kind of fruiting as treating kind of a hickory chick kind;
2) soil is arranged:Remove debris in ground, arable land, furrow ridge trench digging;
3) sunshade is built:Sunshade is built in the soil periphery put in order;
4) suitable humidity, time, height above sea level is selected to carry out hickory chick plantation:By soil moisture control in 52%, selection sea
600m place is pulled out, carrying out hickory chick in late October sows;
5) arched roof is built:Under hickory chick strain kind after 20 days, arched roof is built on every ridge, and on arched roof
Plastic sheeting is costed in face, and some circular holes are stamped on a plastic film.
6) harvesting of hickory chick is carried out in early January.
Tested by hickory chick variety selection, the early hickory chick strain of selection fruiting can shift to an earlier date fruiting time on 12 days left sides
It is right.Selection late October sows, and mycelium length is very fast, and dense sturdy, and fruiting time can shift to an earlier date 10 days.By by soil moisture
Control 52%, is effectively reduced because sowing in advance causes to sow temperature raising and contaminate miscellaneous risk.In height above sea level 600m place
Sow, both ensure that the reduction of temperature is beneficial to sow in advance, the alternating temperature that improve needs during the differentiation of hickory chick former base is stimulated again in
Day and night temperature stimulation, so, 10~13 days can be shifted to an earlier date and sowed.By building arched roof, add Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia and exist
Gas permeability when being grown in ground, by the adjustment of the step, can shorten crop cycle 15 days or so.Also, build arch
Shape canopy is avoided that because rainwater is directly poured on hickory chick and to the influence caused by hickory chick condition, maintains the cleaning of hickory chick,
Hickory chick fruiting head is uniform in size, neat, and commodity is high.To sum up, hickory chick is planted by the method for the present invention so that sheep tripe
Bacterium fruiting time shifts to an earlier date 45 days or so.
Example IV
On the basis of above-mentioned any one embodiment, in step 5) in, under hickory chick strain kind after 20 days, at every
Height is built on ridge and is 70cm arched roof, and plastic sheeting is costed on arched roof, is stamped on a plastic film every 2m
Two a diameter of 3cm circular hole.
By building arched roof and stamping two a diameter of 3cm circular hole on a plastic film every 2m, sheep is added
Gas permeability when tripe bacterium mycelia grows in the ground, the crop cycle of hickory chick can further shorten.
Embodiment five
On the basis of above-mentioned any one embodiment, in step 3) in, a height of 3~4m of canopy of the sunshade is hiding
Four pin sunshade nets are covered on Yang Peng.
In the pin sunshade net of upper covering four of sunshade, can so it do, moreover it is possible to improve ventilating air permeability.
Embodiment six
On the basis of above-mentioned any one embodiment, in step 1) in, select after the early hickory chick kind of fruiting, going out
Selection better resistance in the early hickory chick kind of mushroom, the hickory chick kind that mushroom type is good, yield is high are as treating kind of a hickory chick kind.
Select fruiting morning, better resistance, mushroom type is good, yield is high hickory chick kind as kind of a hickory chick kind is treated, can not only
Fruiting time in advance, moreover it is possible to ensure the condition and yield of hickory chick, farthest improves the economic benefit of grower.
Embodiment seven
On the basis of above-mentioned any one embodiment, in step 4) after, increase step 4a):Under hickory chick strain
Foreign aid's nutrient bag is put on ridge after planting 10 days.
By increasing foreign aid's nutrient bag, it is ensured that the supply of hickory chick nutrition, it is ensured that hickory chick fast-growth, contribute to sheep tripe
Bacterium shifts to an earlier date fruiting.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps:
1) hickory chick kind is selected:Select the hickory chick of several kinds, the same time by selected hickory chick plant in
On same soil, after after hickory chick fruiting, selecting the early hickory chick kind of fruiting as treating kind of a hickory chick kind;
2) soil is arranged:Remove debris in ground, arable land, furrow ridge trench digging;
3) sunshade is built:Sunshade is built in the soil periphery put in order;
4) suitable humidity, time, height above sea level is selected to carry out hickory chick plantation:By soil moisture control in 48%~52%, selection
Height above sea level 400m~600m place, carries out hickory chick in late October and sows;
5) arched roof is built:Under hickory chick strain kind after 20 days, arched roof is built on every ridge, and taken on arched roof
Upper plastic sheeting, stamps some circular holes on a plastic film.
6) harvesting of hickory chick is carried out in early January.
A kind of make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year 2. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4)
In, by soil moisture control 50%, selection height above sea level 400m~600m place carries out hickory chick in late October and sowed.
A kind of make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year 3. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4)
In, by soil moisture control 48%~52%, selection height above sea level 500m place carries out hickory chick in late October and sowed.
A kind of make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year 4. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 5)
In, under hickory chick strain kind after 20 days, height is built on every ridge and is 70cm arched roof, and is costed on arched roof
Plastic sheeting, two a diameter of 3cm circular hole is stamped every 2m on a plastic film.
A kind of make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year 5. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 3)
In, a height of 3~4m of canopy of the sunshade covers four pin sunshade nets on sunshade.
A kind of make the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year 6. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 1)
In, select after the early hickory chick kind of fruiting, selection better resistance, mushroom type be good in the early hickory chick kind of fruiting, yield is high
Hickory chick kind is as treating kind of a hickory chick kind.
7. a kind of according to claim 1~6 any one makes the implantation methods of hickory chick fruiting before year, its feature exists
In in step 4) after, increase step 4a):Foreign aid's nutrient bag is put on ridge after hickory chick strain is sowed 10 days.
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CN110313345A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏馨野生态农业科技有限公司 | A method of shortening the hickory chick fruiting period |
CN111226686A (en) * | 2019-12-07 | 2020-06-05 | 湖南忠食菌业有限公司 | Morchella planting method |
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