CN107455122A - The one seedling stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds and interplant corn, eat green soy bean raw and the cultural method of thick-skinned melon - Google Patents
The one seedling stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds and interplant corn, eat green soy bean raw and the cultural method of thick-skinned melon Download PDFInfo
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- CN107455122A CN107455122A CN201710703048.2A CN201710703048A CN107455122A CN 107455122 A CN107455122 A CN 107455122A CN 201710703048 A CN201710703048 A CN 201710703048A CN 107455122 A CN107455122 A CN 107455122A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds and interplant corn, eat green soy bean raw and the cultural method of thick-skinned melon, comprise the following steps：（1）Build greenhouse, site preparation and fertilization, do furrow, overlay film, flexible pipe drip irrigation is installed under film；（2）Crops for rotation arrangement；（3）Variety selection；（4）Cultural method：Including stem broccoli, corn, the specific cultural method for eating green soy bean and thick-skinned melon raw.Relative to prior art; the present invention covers the production of hybrid seeds of seedling stem broccoli, corn+eat green soy bean, thick-skinned melon raw on same protecting field; crops for rotation linking is reasonable, can significantly improve the service efficiency and increase soil fertility in soil, while can also significantly improve economic benefit and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a seedling stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds and interplant corn, eat the cultivation side of green soy bean and thick-skinned melon raw
Method, belong to field of plant growing technology.
Background technology
Stem broccoli is edible with the tender small bud of top fertilizer and stem, rich in vitamin A, B, C, E, protein, cyanine
Element and cancer-resisting substance, cancer-resisting substance therein is high, is a kind of delicious functional form with the high-quality of health care perfect adaptation, top grade
Green vegetables.Corn wide adaptability, high temperature resistant, moisture-proof are strong, and yielding ability is good, and mouthfeel sweet tea is nutritious, can eat raw, also may be used
Processing, it is deep to be liked by consumers in general.Eat green soy bean raw and be also known as Fresh edible soybean, branch beans, be full seed and not yet aging green grass or young crops
Beans, containing abundant quality plant albumen, nutritive value is high and with health role, can eat raw, can also process, deep by domestic and international
Consumers in general's likes.Thick-skinned melon also known as honeydew melon, Curcurbitaceae, Cucumis, it is a kind of typical tendril class herbaceous plant.
Various regions plantation is extensive, and economic benefit and social benefit are notable.
The stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds at present and corn, eat raw technology that green soy bean and thick-skinned melon are individually planted into
It is ripe, but there are still the defects of land resources utilization rate and soil fertility are poor, economic benefit and ecological benefits are low.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the seedling stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds
And interplant corn, eat green soy bean raw and the cultural method of thick-skinned melon.
Technical scheme：To achieve the above object, the invention provides a seedling stem with the broccoli production of hybrid seeds and interplanting corn,
Eat the cultural method of green soy bean and thick-skinned melon raw, comprise the following steps：
（1）Build greenhouse, site preparation and fertilization, do furrow, overlay film, flexible pipe drip irrigation is installed under film：
Greenhouse is built, per 667m2Apply Chicken dung 2000-2500kg/667 m2, decomposed rapeseed cake 250-300kg/667 m2, nitrogen phosphorus
Potash fertilizer（N：P：K=15：15：15）100kg/667 m2, boron fertilizer 0.5kg/667 m2, fertiliser containing magnesium 0.5kg/667 m2, plough and apply with reference to rake
Under, it is well mixed with soil, north-south, per furrow away from each 1 flexible pipe drip irrigation of paving of furrow side 50cm, per furrow totally 2 flexible pipe drip irrigations, to protect
Field moistening is demonstrate,proved, tile mulch film again on flexible pipe, and every 667 ㎡ sets 1 black light lamp, installs fuel oil temperature controlling instruments, cascade, blower fan, 75%
External sunshade net, to adjust temperature；
（2）Crops for rotation arrangement：
Stem broccoli seeding and seedling raising mid-August, 72 hole disks, vegetables special nutritional seedlings and soil, September was colonized before 25 days to be terminated,
Harvested after mid-March next year seed maturity, cleaning field remnants plant prepare lower stubble plantation；Mid or late March corn, eat hair raw
Beans are directly sowed by original stem in furrow face with broccoli strain cave, and green soy bean, corn are eaten in harvesting raw successively by the end of May, are harvested mid-June
Terminate；Green soy bean plant, plant are pulled out simultaneously, and is covered in furrow ditch and both sides, prepares lower stubble plantation；Thick-skinned melon is May
Last ten-days period greenhouse seeding and seedling raising, late June transplant planting, head batch melon, which is often selected good strains in the field for seed, stays 2, and mid-August harvests for the first time, after harvest again
Select and remain 1-2 female flower and carry out artificial pollination fruit setting, September harvest home before 20 days；
（3）Variety selection：
Select specific stem broccoli, corn, eat green soy bean and thick-skinned melon variety raw；
（4）Cultural method：
1）The stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds：
I, hole plate seedling growth：Stem broccoli uses 72 hole hole plate seedling growths, vegetables special nutritional seedlings and soil, hole tray pendulum in mid-August
Place is put, builds simple plastic greenhouse, selects physical features to dry, it is flat, draining is good, puts hole tray again, installation sprinkling irrigation, high temperature can take shelter from rain,
Shade, have the covering of 40 mesh fly nets；
II, field planting：Sterile line, self-mating system ratio 1：1 parting bead is planted, spacing in the rows 35cm, and 1 is respectively planted away from the cm of furrow side 20, then inwardly
40cm respectively plants 1, and centre plants 1 again, and per ridge cultivation 5, mu plants 3200 plants or so, and September was colonized before 25 days to be terminated；
III, the harvesting of master a kind of sedge：Early November chases after away from main a kind of sedge is gathered at main a kind of sedge base portion 1.5cm after main a kind of sedge harvesting with drip irrigation for the first time
Once, every mu uses 800g to Shi Shibi chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers every time, and side a kind of sedge is received away from second at a kind of sedge base portion 1.5cm of side after 15 days,
Continue to impose after a kind of sedge harvesting of side and apply green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers once, every mu uses 800g every time；
IV, the production of hybrid seeds：After master a kind of sedge harvests 2 times, stay 6-8 lateral branchings to be allowed to bolting and bloom, the timely discovery of hybrid strain is paid attention to before blooming
With pull out；Florescence strictly isolates, and florescence puts the case of honeybee 2 per canopy, supple-mentary pollination, November early and middle ten dayses, when temperature of shed is less than 15
DEG C when using fuel oil temperature controlling instruments improve temperature, Growing season temperature control between 15-28 DEG C to promote its normal plants,
Xie Huahou wipes out secondary flower in about 10 days, wiped out again every 10 days it is secondary spend 1 time, general 2 times；Strengthen the pipe of field pest and disease damage
Reason；Harvesting, threshing, air dry after mid-March seed maturity, storage；Clean field remnants plant and prepare lower stubble plantation；
2）Corn, eat green soy bean cultivation raw：
I, sowing time：Live corn, eats green soy bean raw；Corn eats green soy bean raw per cave 3-4 grains per cave 1-2 grains；Mid or late March,
Corn, eat green soy bean raw and directly sowed with broccoli strain cave by original stem in furrow face, seed level 1-2cm, the furrow among 3 per furrow
Eat green soy bean raw, furrow both sides various 1 corn again, directly beat 1 corn of bunch planting kind, the same furrow face of spacing in the rows, root again among furrow ditch
According to Changes in weather, overlay film insulation, temperature keeps ground moistening until emergence, can emerge for 4~6 days after broadcasting at 15-25 DEG C；Together
After seedling, corn is per cave final singling 1；Green soy bean is eaten raw per cave final singling 3.
II, field management：Field normal management after emergence, canopy film vary with temperature and take off film or overlay film, are taken off higher than 30 DEG C
Film, less than 15 DEG C overlay films, florescence keep ventilation, promote pollination；Eat green soy bean raw especially to water in time in fruiting period of blooming, keep
The appropriate humidity in field, increase Pod Bearing Percentage, temperature is below 15 DEG C, 1~2h of fine day noon ventilation, remaining time and cloudy epiphragma；
For temperature at 10 DEG C~20 DEG C, daytime takes off film, remaining time and cloudy epiphragma；Temperature not epiphragma more than 20 DEG C；Initial bloom stage, swollen grain
Phase respectively imposes with drip irrigation applies green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers 1 time, and every mu uses 800g every time, totally 2 times；
III, harvesting：Corn 18~21d after spinning is suitable collection period, should be entered in production according to the maturity of different plants
Row harvests by stages, is harvested 1 time every 2-3 days, general to harvest 3 times；Eat raw green soy bean when bloom bear pods after 25~28d, 80% beanpod fills
Real full, pod color is Harvesting Date when switching to light green by dark green；After harvesting should and time stage, cleaning and packaging, be put into cold
Storehouse is quick-frozen, with for sale；Mid-June harvest home；Green soy bean plant, plant are pulled out simultaneously, and is covered in furrow ditch and furrow face,
In case muskmelon draws climing climbing growth；
3）Thick-skinned melon is cultivated：
I, nursery：Late May booth thermal insulation seeding and seedling raising, late June transplant planting, mid-August harvest, and September harvested before 15 days
Terminate；Melon dedicated substrate nursery, per 667m2Standby 70 hole disks 12 open, emerge before holding on daytime 22-32 DEG C, night 15-22
DEG C, film is thrown off in time during 70% emergence, and to prevent forming high seedling, 5-7d appropriateness hardening before transplanting, seedling age 30d, two leaves are out for
Planting stock standard；
II, field planting：Late June transplant planting, per the most middle original plant of cave kind 1, spacing in the rows 35cm of furrow, can effectively it avoid again
Beat cave and destroy film；Seedling recovering water is poured, seals field planting hole, closes greenhouse；Pinching during main stem 5-6 piece true leaves, after the climing pumping of son
Sub climing Parallel Growth similar in 4-5 growth is kept, extracts that its minor is climing or grandson is climing；After thick-skinned melon fruit setting, pay attention to fruit thinning, pluck
Except malformed fruit, head batch melon, which is often selected good strains in the field for seed, stays 2；Imposed after fruit setting with drip irrigation and apply green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers 1 time, every mu uses every time
800g, used once every 7-10 days, totally 2 times；Mid-August harvests for the first time, selects and remain 1 female flower after harvest again and carries out artificial pollination
Fruit setting, imposed with drip irrigation after fruit setting and apply green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers 1 time, every mu uses 800g every time, and totally 1 time, September harvested before 20 days
Terminate；
III, regulation temperature：According to thick-skinned melon growing process and Changes in weather situation, take off in time, lid film, adjust temperature in canopy
Degree；5-7d after muskmelon seedling field planting, is kept for 20-32 DEG C of day temperature, 16-20 DEG C of night；Yield positive results 28-33 DEG C of phase；Fruit is sent out
Educate and 20 DEG C of the maturity period lowest temperature, not more than 35 DEG C, 75% external sunshade net, cascade, Fan Regulation can be passed through；Extraneous gas
When warm more than 20 DEG C, apron film can be removed, but greenhouse teleblem should not be removed, causes thick-skinned melon to split in order to avoid meeting cloudy weather for several days running weather
Fruit；
IV, preventing and treating pest and disease damage：Disease-resistant variety is selected, pays attention to crop rotation, attention control pest and disease damage；
V, timely collecting：Head batch melon 32-35d after pollination is ripe, and two batches of melon 25d or so maturations after pollination, thick-skinned melon is adopted
After plucking, and time stage, stick trade mark, bagging, packaging listing.
Step（1）In, the wide 6m of greenhouse, the wide 7m of teleblem, the loose 1m of skirt film, greenhouse rises 1.8-2m, length 50m；Furrow are wide
2m, furrow high 25cm, furrow width 50cm；Mulch film is two-sided, black inner, outer layer silver gray.
Step（2）In, the vegetables special nutrient soil is Pin Shi vegetables special nutrient soils.
Step（3）In, stem uses strong adaptability with the broccoli production of hybrid seeds, easily cultivation, and disease resistance is strong, lateral branching is strong, a kind of sedge length,
Stem green, the good Combination nova of fecundity；Corn is from the good kind of resistance, yielding ability；Eat raw green soy bean from strong stress resistance,
The good kind of yielding ability；Thick-skinned melon is ripe in should selecting, disease resistance is strong, the good kind of high temperature resistant, moisture-proof, result.
Step（4）In, stem applies active ingredient in green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers with during the broccoli production of hybrid seeds with what drip irrigation imposed
For：Humic acid >=30g/l；N+P2O5+K2O≥200g/l；Water-soluble nitrogen N >=80g/l；Water-soluble phosphorus P2O5≥140g/l；It is water-soluble
Property potassium K2O≥140g/l.The fertilizer can significantly increase crop root vigor, improve photosynthetic efficiency, improve immunocompetence；Rationally make
With crop yield can be dramatically increased.
Step（4）In, corn, eat raw in green soy bean cultivation, have with applying in green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers of imposing of drip irrigation
Imitating composition is：Humic acid >=30g/l；N+P2O5+K2O≥200g/l；Water-soluble nitrogen N >=80g/l；Water-soluble phosphorus P2O5≥140g/
l；Water-soluble potassium K2O≥140g/l.The fertilizer can significantly increase crop root vigor, improve photosynthetic efficiency, improve immunocompetence；
Reasonable employment can dramatically increase crop yield.
Step（4）In, during thick-skinned melon cultivation skill, in order to improve thick-skinned melon commodity rate and fruit-setting rate, generally choosing
Select the 2nd female flower and carry out artificial pollination, pollination preferably carries out in fine day morning 8-10, marks simultaneously, must not leak and award, Yi Miankong
Strain, it is ensured that strain strain knot melon.
Step（4）In, during thick-skinned melon cultivation skill, active ingredient in green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers is applied with what drip irrigation imposed
For：Humic acid >=30g/l；N+P2O5+K2O≥200g/l；Water-soluble nitrogen N >=80g/l；Water-soluble phosphorus P2O5≥140g/l；It is water-soluble
Property potassium K2O≥140g/l.The fertilizer can significantly increase crop root vigor, improve photosynthetic efficiency, improve immunocompetence；Rationally make
With crop yield can be dramatically increased.
The present invention covers the production of hybrid seeds of seedling stem broccoli, corn+eat green soy bean, thick-skinned melon raw on same protecting field, and
And crops for rotation linking arranges relatively rationally, stem can harvest master a kind of sedge early stage in batches with broccoli, corn, eat raw green soy bean,
Thick-skinned melon harvesting is caught up with to be listed in market supply dull season, then can improve the income of the service efficiency increase peasant household in soil, and stem is used
Broccoli, corn+and eat green soy bean, thick-skinned melon Protectorate cultivation raw, it can effectively avoid the evil such as cabbage caterpillar, noctuid, corn snout moth's larva
The high-incidence season of worm, field use green prevention and control, mulch film（Mulch film is two-sided, black inner, outer layer silver gray）Aphid can be effectively avoided,
Per 667m2If 1 black light lamp, noctuid class pest is trapped and killed, insect pest substantially reduces, bio-diversity has been strengthened, protecting ecology
Environment.Make between corn+eat raw green soy bean, can effective utilization space, crop is beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, in addition corn+eat green soy bean raw
After harvesting, straw original place returning to the field, cultivate soil soil moisture content, can draws climing growth, cover weeds, can effectively improve soil physical and chemical property,
It is notable for next season plant growth culture fertility, ecological benefits.
Simultaneously disposable site preparation and fertilization, do furrow, overlay film（Flexible pipe drip irrigation is installed under film）, carry out the stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds, sweet tea
Corn+eat green soy bean raw, thick-skinned melon is cultivated, dart transfer, efficiently.
Beneficial effect：Relative to prior art, the present invention covers the seedling stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds, sweet tea jade on same protecting field
Rice+eat green soy bean, thick-skinned melon raw, crops for rotation linking is reasonable, can significantly improve the service efficiency and increase soil fertility in soil, simultaneously
Economic benefit and ecological benefits can also be significantly improved.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to embodiment.
It is used to apply active ingredient in green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers and be in following methods：Humic acid >=30g/l；N+P2O5
+K2O≥200g/l；Water-soluble nitrogen N >=80g/l；Water-soluble phosphorus P2O5≥140g/l；Water-soluble potassium K2O≥140g/l.The fertilizer
Crop root vigor can be significantly increased, improves photosynthetic efficiency, improves immunocompetence；Reasonable employment can dramatically increase crop yield.
Embodiment 1：
First, greenhouse, site preparation and fertilization are built, does furrow, overlay film（Flexible pipe drip irrigation is installed under film）Deng element task.
In September, 2015 carries out greenhouse protecting field stem broccoli system in September, 2016 in Transition In Jurong, Jiangsu white rabbit Demonstration Base
The interplanting cultivation of kind-corn+eat raw green soy bean-thick-skinned melon, 10 mu of area, totally 20 greenhouses.The wide 6m of greenhouse, teleblem are wide
7m, the loose 1m of skirt film；Greenhouse rises 1.8-2m, length 50m.Per 667m2Apply Chicken dung 2000-2500kg/667 m2, decomposed dish
Cake 250-300kg/667 m2,（N：P：K=15：15：15）100kg/667 m2, boron fertilizer 0.5kg/667 m2, fertiliser containing magnesium 0.5kg/
667 m2, with reference to rake plough apply down, be well mixed with soil, north-south, make the wide 2m of furrow, furrow high 25cm, furrow width 50cm, per furrow away from
The each 1 flexible pipe drip irrigation of paving of furrow side 50cm, per furrow totally 2 flexible pipe drip irrigations, to ensure that field moistens, tile mulch film again on flexible pipe（Ground
Film is two-sided, black inner, outer layer silver gray）, every 667 ㎡ sets 1 black light lamp.Fuel oil temperature controlling instruments, cascade, blower fan, 75% are installed
External sunshade net, to adjust temperature.
2nd, crops for rotation arrangement：
Stem broccoli seeding and seedling raising mid-August, 72 hole disks, vegetables special nutritional seedlings and soil, September was colonized before 25 days to be terminated,
Harvested after mid-March next year seed maturity, cleaning field remnants plant prepare lower stubble plantation；Mid or late March corn, eat hair raw
Beans are directly sowed by original stem in furrow face with broccoli strain cave, and green soy bean, corn are eaten in harvesting raw successively by the end of May, are harvested mid-June
Terminate；Green soy bean plant, plant are pulled out simultaneously, and is covered in furrow ditch and both sides, prepares lower stubble plantation；Thick-skinned melon is May
Last ten-days period greenhouse seeding and seedling raising, late June transplant planting, head batch melon, which is often selected good strains in the field for seed, stays 2, and mid-August harvests for the first time, after harvest again
Select and remain 1-2 female flower and carry out artificial pollination fruit setting, September harvest home before 20 days；
3rd, variety selection：
Stem uses strong adaptability with broccoli, and disease resistance is strong, lateral branching is strong, a kind of sedge length, stem green, the good female parent of fecundity（No
It is A13-6 to educate）With male parent（Self-mating system B15-2）Composition, by Zhenjiang, the institute of agricultural sciences provides.
Corn is from the good kind Su Yu 4 of resistance, yielding ability（Buy in market）；Eat green soy bean raw and select high yield characteristic
Good, strong stress resistance, the good kind Taiwan 70 of bearing pods property（Buy in market）.
Thick-skinned melon is ripe in selecting, disease resistance is strong, the good kind Hua Yue of high temperature resistant, moisture-proof, result, by Zhenjiang agriculture section
There is provided.
（4）Cultural method：
（One）Stem broccoli seeding technique main points
1 hole plate seedling growth stem broccoli is common in August 72 hole hole plate seedling growths of use on the 15th, Pin Shi vegetables special nutritional seedlings and soils
500 disks.Hole tray puts place, builds simple plastic greenhouse, selects physical features to dry, flat, draining is good, puts hole tray again, installation sprinkling irrigation,
High temperature can take shelter from rain, shade, having the covering of 40 mesh fly nets.
2 field planting
September 18 days, sterile line, self-mating system ratio 1：1 parting bead is planted, spacing in the rows 35cm, and 1 is respectively planted away from the cm of furrow side 20, then inwardly
40cm respectively plants 1, and centre plants 1 again, and per ridge cultivation 5, mu plants 3200 plants or so, and September field planting on the 20th terminates.
3 field 20 days-Septembers of prophase management September 27 days keep ground moistening, promote living, slow seedling.October 10, with drop
Filling, which imposes, applies green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers 1 time, and every mu uses 800g every time, every 7-10 days using once, totally 2 times, October 25 use
The insect pests such as 70% 600 times of AVM liquid preventing and treating cabbage caterpillar are once.
4 master a kind of sedges harvest November 12, away from main a kind of sedge is gathered at main a kind of sedge base portion 1.5cm for the first time, with drip irrigation after main a kind of sedge harvesting
Impose and apply green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers 1 time, every mu uses 800g every time, is received after November 28 away from second at a kind of sedge base portion 1.5cm of side
Side a kind of sedge, continue to impose with drip irrigation after the harvesting of side a kind of sedge and apply green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers 1 time, every mu reuses 800g every time.
Before and after 5 master a kind of sedge economic benefits master a kind of sedge 310kg/667m is harvested altogether 2 times2, the market price 6 yuan/kg, He Jixiao
1860 yuan/667m of benefit2。
After the harvesting of 6 field final-period management master a kind of sedges, wound is applied with 5% lime sulfur and touched 1 time immediately.6-8 lateral branchings are stayed to appoint
Its bolting is bloomed, and the timely discovery of hybrid strain is paid attention to before blooming and is pulled out, and is come into bloom with 75% procymidone, 600 times of liquid preventing and treating sclerotium
Disease 1 time, sprayed 1 time again every 7 days.Florescence strictly isolates, and florescence puts the case of honeybee 2, supple-mentary pollination per canopy.2 months late November-next years
In the first tenday period of a month, temperature is improved using fuel oil temperature controlling instruments when temperature of shed is less than 15 DEG C, Growing season temperature control is between 15-28 DEG C
To promote its normal plants.Early Febuary next year thanks to flower, thanks about 10 days after spending and wipes out secondary flower, was wiped out again every 10 days secondary
Spend 1 time, totally 2 times.When temperature is up to more than 30 DEG C, surrounding is divulged information at the beginning of 3 months, and prevents and treats downy mildew 1 with 70% Mancozeb, 600 times of liquid
Secondary, 500 times of 50% effective cypermethrin liquid preventing and treating cabbage butterfly 1 time.
7 harvesting plant in March 18 harvestings, after-ripening 4 days, air dry, again threshing, air dry, storage, clear sterile line A13-6 kinds
Sub- 15kg/667m2;Self-mating system B15-2 seeds 17kg/667m2。
8 seed economic benefit sterile line A13-6 seeds 15kg/667m2, self-mating system B15-2 seeds 17kg/667m2, close
Count 10000 yuan/667m of benefit2More than.
9 master a kind of sedges, the harvesting of seed economic benefit master a kind of sedge, the total 12000 yuan/667m of benefit of two, seed2More than.
（Two）Corn, eat green soy bean cultivation technique raw
The live corn Su Yu of 1 sowing time greenhouse 4, eat green soy bean Taiwan 70 raw.Cleaning on March 19 field remnants plant prepare
Lower stubble plantation.On 21-March 25 March, corn, eat green soy bean raw and directly sowed with the strain cave of broccoli by stem in former furrow face, sweet tea
Corn eats green soy bean raw per cave 3-4 grains, seed level 1-2 ㎝, the furrow among 3 per furrow eats green soy bean raw, and furrow both sides are again per cave 1-2 grains
Various 1 corn, per furrow totally 5,1 corn is directly sowed among furrow ditch again, spacing in the rows keeps soil wet with furrow face 35cm
Profit is emerged 26-March 31 March successively until emergence.April 6, corn was per cave final singling 1；Green soy bean is eaten raw per cave final singling 3
.
Field normal management after 2 field management emergence, after April, canopy film varies with temperature and takes off film or overlay film, is higher than
30 DEG C are taken off film, less than 15 DEG C overlay films, and the florescence keeps ventilation, promote pollination.Eat green soy bean raw and keep ground moistening in fruiting period of blooming,
Increase Pod Bearing Percentage, temperature is below 15 DEG C, 1~2h of fine day noon ventilation, remaining time and cloudy epiphragma；Temperature is 10 DEG C~20
DEG C, daytime takes off film, remaining time and cloudy epiphragma；Temperature not epiphragma more than 20 DEG C.The swollen grain phase imposes with drip irrigation applies green chloroazotic acid
Soluble fertilizers 1 time, every mu uses 800g every time, reused once, totally 2 times, to improve leave photosynthetic ability, subtracts every 7-10 days
Few fallen flowers fall pod, anti-early ageing, promote grouting and beans to expand, and improve commodity rate.
3 harvesting corn spinnings mid-May, 18~21d is suitable collection period after spinning, according to different plants at the beginning of 6 months
Maturity harvested by stages, every 2-3 days harvest 1 time, altogether harvest 3 times.Eating green soy bean the first tenday period of a month in May raw blooms, when knot of blooming
25~28d after pod, it is Harvesting Date that 80% beanpod, which is enriched when full, pod color switchs to light green by dark green,.Should be timely after harvesting
Classification, cleaning and packaging, it is quick-frozen to be put into freezer, with for sale.
4 prepare lower stubble harvest home mid-June；Simultaneously pull out green soy bean plant, corn plant, and be covered in furrow ditch,
Furrow surface both sides, in case the climbing growth of muskmelon draws climing, centre leave one, cultivate muskmelon.
5 3000 fringes of economic benefit corn/667m2, 0.5 yuan/fringe, add up to 1500 yuan/667m of benefit2；Eat green soy bean raw
300 kg/667m2, 4 yuan/kg, add up to 1200 yuan/667m of benefit2, two total 2700 yuan/667m of benefit2。
（Three）Thick-skinned melon cultivation technique
1 nursery：Late May booth thermal insulation seeding and seedling raising, melon dedicated substrate nursery, per 667m2Standby 70 hole disks 12 are opened, gone out
Before seedling is kept for 22-32 DEG C, 15-22 DEG C of night daytime, and 70% throws off bed surface mulch film in time when emerging, to prevent forming high seedling.Transplanting
Preceding 5-7d appropriateness hardening, seedling age 30d, two leaves are out for planting stock standard.
2 field planting：Late June transplant planting, per the most middle original plant of cave kind 1 of furrow, spacing in the rows 35cm, can effectively it avoid
Again beat cave and destroy film.Seedling recovering water is poured, seals field planting hole, closes greenhouse.
3 regulation temperature：According to thick-skinned melon growing process and Changes in weather situation, take off, lid film, adjusted in canopy in time
Temperature.5-7d after muskmelon seedling field planting, is kept for 20-32 DEG C of day temperature, 16-20 DEG C of night；Yield positive results 28-33 DEG C of phase；Fruit
Development and 20 DEG C of the maturity period lowest temperature, not more than 35 DEG C.During more than 20 DEG C of outside air temperature, apron film can be removed, but not
Greenhouse teleblem is preferably removed, in case meeting cloudy weather for several days running weather causes thick-skinned melon dehiscent fruit.
4 field management：Pinching during main stem 5-6 piece true leaves mid-July, keep sub similar in 4-5 growth after the climing pumping of son
Climing Parallel Growth, extracts that its minor is climing or grandson is climing.Mid-July, select the 2nd female flower to carry out artificial pollination, pollinate in the fine day morning
Carry out during 8-10, mark simultaneously, must not leak and award, in order to avoid vacant hill, it is ensured that strain strain knot melon.After pollinating one week, thick-skinned melon fruit setting
Afterwards, pay attention to fruit thinning, extract malformed fruit, head batch melon, which is often selected good strains in the field for seed, stays 2.Imposed after fruit setting with drip irrigation and apply green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers 1 time,
Every mu uses 800g every time, is reused every 7-10 days once, totally 2 times.Attention control pest and disease damage, late July spray 75% Bravo
800 times of wettable powder liquid 1 time, 800 times of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder liquid 1 time was sprayed every 10 days, alternately preventing and treating epidemic disease
Disease, anthracnose.
5 timely collecting mid or late Augusts harvested for the first time, selected and remain 1 female flower after harvest again and carried out artificial pollination fruit setting, seat
Imposed after fruit with drip irrigation and apply green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers 1 time, every mu uses 800g every time, totally 1 time, September harvest home before 22 days.
6 3000 kg of economic benefit thick-skinned melon/667m2, 3 yuan/kg, add up to 9000 yuan/667m of benefit2。
The production of hybrid seeds of seedling stem broccoli, corn+eat green soy bean, thick-skinned melon, and crops for rotation raw are covered on same protecting field
Linking arranges relatively rationally, and stem can harvest master a kind of sedge in batches early stage with broccoli, corn, eat green soy bean, pachydermia sweet tea raw
Melon harvesting catch up with market supply dull season list, then can improve soil service efficiency increase peasant household income, stem broccoli,
Corn+eat green soy bean, thick-skinned melon Protectorate cultivation raw, can effectively avoid the occurred frequently of the insects such as cabbage caterpillar, noctuid, corn snout moth's larva
Phase, field use green prevention and control, mulch film（Mulch film is two-sided, black inner, outer layer silver gray）Aphid, every 667 ㎡ can effectively be avoided
If 1 black light lamp, noctuid class pest is trapped and killed, so that it may which medication or not medication, the product produced are green safe food less.Sweet tea is beautiful
Rice+eat raw and make between green soy bean, can effective utilization space, crop is beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, after corn+eat raw green soy bean harvests in addition, straw
Bar original place returning to the field, cultivate soil soil moisture content, can draws climing growth, cover weeds, can effectively improve soil physical and chemical property, for next season make
Thing grows culture fertility, and bio-diversity has been strengthened, preserved the ecological environment, ecological benefits are notable.
Stem 1860 yuan/667m of broccoli master a kind of sedge economic benefit2, seed economic benefit（Sterile line, self-mating system seed）
10000 yuan/667m of total benefit2More than, remove the m of materials cost 3000 yuan/6672, the m of pure economic benefit about 8900 yuan/6672；
3000 fringes of corn/667m2, 0.5 yuan/fringe, add up to 1500 yuan/667m of benefit2；Eat the kg/667m of green soy bean 300 raw2, 4 yuan/kg,
1200 yuan/667m of total benefit2, two total 2700 yuan/667m of benefit2, remove the m of materials cost 1500 yuan/6672, pure economy
The m of benefit 1200 yuan/6672.Thick-skinned melon 3000kg/667m2, 3 yuan/kg, add up to 9000 yuan/667m of benefit2, remove materialization
The m of cost 2000 yuan/6672, the pure m of economic benefit 7000 yuan/6672。
1 year three batches of pure economic benefit is up to 17000 yuan/667 m2More than, and disposable site preparation and fertilization, do furrow, overlay film（Film
Lower installation flexible pipe drip irrigation）, the production of hybrid seeds of stem broccoli, corn+eat green soy bean, thick-skinned melon cultivation raw are carried out, adds up to saving of labor 600
Member/667 m2, the m of abridged edition 400 yuan/6672, add up to the m of dart transfer 1000 yuan/6672, more general simple plastic greenhouse Two crops a year cultivation
Training increases income more than 180%, abridged edition 20% or so, remarkable in economical benefits, and ecological benefits are notable.
Claims (8)
1. a seedling stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds and interplant corn, eat green soy bean raw and the cultural method of thick-skinned melon, its feature exist
In comprising the following steps：
（1）Build greenhouse, site preparation and fertilization, do furrow, overlay film, flexible pipe drip irrigation is installed under film：
Greenhouse is built, per 667m2Apply Chicken dung 2000-2500kg/667 m2, decomposed rapeseed cake 250-300kg/667 m2, nitrogen phosphorus
Potash fertilizer（N：P：K=15：15：15）100kg/667 m2, boron fertilizer 0.5kg/667 m2, fertiliser containing magnesium 0.5kg/667 m2, plough and apply with reference to rake
Under, it is well mixed with soil, north-south, per furrow away from each 1 flexible pipe drip irrigation of paving of furrow side 50cm, per furrow totally 2 flexible pipe drip irrigations, to protect
Field moistening is demonstrate,proved, tile mulch film again on flexible pipe, every 667 m2If 1 black light lamp, install fuel oil temperature controlling instruments, cascade, blower fan,
75% external sunshade net, to adjust temperature；
（2）Crops for rotation arrangement：
Stem broccoli seeding and seedling raising mid-August, 72 hole disks, vegetables special nutritional seedlings and soil, September was colonized before 25 days to be terminated,
Harvested after mid-March next year seed maturity, cleaning field remnants plant prepare lower stubble plantation；Mid or late March corn, eat hair raw
Beans are directly sowed by original stem in furrow face with broccoli strain cave, and green soy bean, corn are eaten in harvesting raw successively by the end of May, are harvested mid-June
Terminate；Green soy bean plant, plant are pulled out simultaneously, and is covered in furrow ditch and both sides, prepares lower stubble plantation；Thick-skinned melon is May
Last ten-days period greenhouse seeding and seedling raising, late June transplant planting, mid-August harvest for the first time, select and remain 1-2 female flower after harvest again and carry out
Artificial pollination fruit setting, September harvest home before 20 days；
（3）Variety selection：
Select specific stem broccoli, corn, eat green soy bean and thick-skinned melon variety raw；
（4）Cultural method：
1）The stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds：
I, hole plate seedling growth：Stem broccoli uses 72 hole hole plate seedling growths, vegetables special nutritional seedlings and soil, hole tray pendulum in mid-August
Place is put, builds simple plastic greenhouse, selects physical features to dry, it is flat, draining is good, puts hole tray again, installation sprinkling irrigation, high temperature can take shelter from rain,
Shade, have the covering of 40 mesh fly nets；
II, field planting：Sterile line, self-mating system ratio 1：1 parting bead is planted, spacing in the rows 35cm, and 1 is respectively planted away from the cm of furrow side 20, then inwardly
40cm respectively plants 1, and centre plants 1 again, and per ridge cultivation 5, mu plants 3200 plants or so, and September was colonized before 25 days to be terminated；
III, the harvesting of master a kind of sedge：Early November chases after away from main a kind of sedge is gathered at main a kind of sedge base portion 1.5cm after main a kind of sedge harvesting with drip irrigation for the first time
Once, every mu uses 800g to Shi Shibi chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers every time, and side a kind of sedge is received away from second at a kind of sedge base portion 1.5cm of side after 15 days,
Continue to impose with drip irrigation to apply green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers once after a kind of sedge harvesting of side, every mu uses 800g every time；
IV, the production of hybrid seeds：After master a kind of sedge harvests 2 times, stay 6-8 lateral branchings to be allowed to bolting and bloom, the timely discovery of hybrid strain is paid attention to before blooming
With pull out；Florescence strictly isolates, and florescence puts the case of honeybee 2 per canopy, supple-mentary pollination, November early and middle ten dayses, when temperature of shed is less than 15
DEG C when using fuel oil temperature controlling instruments improve temperature, Growing season temperature control between 15-28 DEG C to promote its normal plants,
Xie Huahou wipes out secondary flower in about 10 days, wiped out again every 10 days it is secondary spend 1 time, general 2 times；Strengthen the pipe of field pest and disease damage
Reason；Harvesting, threshing, air dry after mid-March seed maturity, storage；Clean field remnants plant and prepare lower stubble plantation；
2）Corn, eat green soy bean cultivation raw：
I, sowing time：Live corn, eats green soy bean raw；Corn eats green soy bean raw per cave 3-4 grains per cave 1-2 grains；Mid or late March,
Corn, eat green soy bean raw and directly sowed with broccoli strain cave by original stem in furrow face, seed level 1-2cm, the furrow among 3 per furrow
Eat green soy bean raw, furrow both sides various 1 corn again, directly beat 1 corn of bunch planting kind, the same furrow face of spacing in the rows, root again among furrow ditch
According to Changes in weather, overlay film insulation, temperature keeps ground moistening until emergence, can emerge for 4~6 days after broadcasting at 15-25 DEG C；Together
After seedling, corn eat green soy bean raw per cave final singling 3 per cave final singling 1；
II, field management：Field normal management after emergence, canopy film are varied with temperature and take off film or overlay film, and film is taken off higher than 30 DEG C, low
In 15 DEG C of overlay films, the florescence keeps ventilation, promotes pollination；Eat green soy bean raw especially to water in time in fruiting period of blooming, keep field
Appropriate humidity, increase Pod Bearing Percentage, temperature is below 15 DEG C, 1~2h of fine day noon ventilation, remaining time and cloudy epiphragma；Temperature
At 10 DEG C~20 DEG C, daytime takes off film, remaining time and cloudy epiphragma；Temperature not epiphragma more than 20 DEG C；Initial bloom stage, the swollen grain phase with
Drip irrigation, which respectively imposes, applies green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers once, and every mu uses 800g every time, totally 2 times；
III, harvesting：Corn 18~21d after spinning is suitable collection period, should be entered in production according to the maturity of different plants
Row harvests by stages, is harvested 1 time every 2-3 days, general to harvest 3 times；Eat raw green soy bean when bloom bear pods after 25~28d, 80% beanpod fills
Real full, pod color is Harvesting Date when switching to light green by dark green；After harvesting should and time stage, cleaning and packaging, be put into cold
Storehouse is quick-frozen, with for sale；Mid-June harvest home；Green soy bean plant, plant are pulled out simultaneously, and is covered in furrow ditch and furrow face,
In case muskmelon draws climing climbing growth；
3）Thick-skinned melon is cultivated：
I, nursery：Late May booth thermal insulation seeding and seedling raising, late June transplant planting, mid-August harvest, and September harvested before 15 days
Terminate；Melon dedicated substrate nursery, per 667m2Standby 70 hole disks 12 open, emerge before holding on daytime 22-32 DEG C, night 15-22
DEG C, film is thrown off in time during 70% emergence, and to prevent forming high seedling, 5-7d appropriateness hardening before transplanting, seedling age 30d, two leaves are out for
Planting stock standard；
II, field planting：Late June transplant planting, per the most middle original plant of cave kind 1, spacing in the rows 35cm of furrow, can effectively it avoid again
Beat cave and destroy film；Seedling recovering water is poured, seals field planting hole, closes greenhouse；Pinching during main stem 5-6 piece true leaves, after the climing pumping of son
Sub climing Parallel Growth similar in 4-5 growth is kept, extracts that its minor is climing or grandson is climing；After thick-skinned melon fruit setting, pay attention to fruit thinning, pluck
Except malformed fruit, head batch melon, which is often selected good strains in the field for seed, stays 2；Imposed after fruit setting with drip irrigation and apply green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers once, every mu uses every time
800g, used once every 7-10 days, totally 2 times；Mid-August harvests for the first time, selects and remain 1 female flower after harvest again and carries out artificial pollination
Fruit setting, imposed with drip irrigation after fruit setting and apply green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers once, every mu uses 800g every time, totally 1 time；September was received before 20 days
Obtain end；
III, regulation temperature：According to thick-skinned melon growing process and Changes in weather situation, take off in time, lid film, adjust temperature in canopy
Degree；5-7d after muskmelon seedling field planting, is kept for 20-32 DEG C of day temperature, 16-20 DEG C of night；Yield positive results 28-33 DEG C of phase；Fruit is sent out
Educate and 20 DEG C of the maturity period lowest temperature, not more than 35 DEG C, external sunshade net, cascade, Fan Regulation can be passed through；Outside air temperature 20
When more than DEG C, apron film can be removed, but greenhouse teleblem should not be removed, in case meeting cloudy weather for several days running weather causes thick-skinned melon dehiscent fruit；
IV, preventing and treating pest and disease damage：Disease-resistant variety is selected, pays attention to crop rotation, attention control pest and disease damage；
V, timely collecting：Head batch melon 32-35d after pollination is ripe, and two batches of melon 25d or so maturations after pollination, thick-skinned melon is adopted
After plucking, and time stage, stick trade mark, bagging, packaging listing.
2. the stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and interplant corn, eat green soy bean raw and the cultivation of thick-skinned melon
Culture method, it is characterised in that step（1）In, the wide 6m of greenhouse, the wide 7m of teleblem, the loose 1m of skirt film, greenhouse rises 1.8-2m, long
Spend 50m；The wide 2m of furrow, furrow high 25cm, furrow width 50cm；Mulch film is two-sided, black inner, outer layer silver gray.
3. the stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and interplant corn, eat green soy bean raw and the cultivation of thick-skinned melon
Culture method, it is characterised in that step（2）In, the vegetables special nutrient soil is Pin Shi vegetables special nutrient soils.
4. the stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and interplant corn, eat green soy bean raw and the cultivation of thick-skinned melon
Culture method, it is characterised in that step（3）In, stem uses strong adaptability with the broccoli production of hybrid seeds, easily cultivation, and disease resistance is strong, lateral branching
Property strong, a kind of sedge length, stem green, the good Combination nova of fecundity；Corn is from the good kind of resistance, yielding ability；Eat green soy bean choosing raw
With the good kind of strong stress resistance, yielding ability；Thick-skinned melon is ripe in should selecting, disease resistance is strong, and high temperature resistant, moisture-proof, result are good
Kind.
5. the stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and interplant corn, eat green soy bean raw and the cultivation of thick-skinned melon
Culture method, it is characterised in that step（4）In, stem applies green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers with during the broccoli production of hybrid seeds with what drip irrigation imposed
Middle active ingredient is：Humic acid >=30g/l；N+P2O5+K2O≥200g/l；Water-soluble nitrogen N >=80g/l；Water-soluble phosphorus P2O5≥
140g/l；Water-soluble potassium K2O≥140g/l。
6. the stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and interplant corn, eat green soy bean raw and the cultivation of thick-skinned melon
Culture method, it is characterised in that step（4）In, corn, eat raw in green soy bean cultivation, with drip irrigation impose to apply green chloroazotic acid molten
Active ingredient is in property fertilizer：Humic acid >=30g/l；N+P2O5+K2O≥200g/l；Water-soluble nitrogen N >=80g/l；Water-soluble phosphorus
P2O5≥140g/l；Water-soluble potassium K2O≥140g/l。
7. the stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and interplant corn, eat green soy bean raw and the cultivation of thick-skinned melon
Culture method, it is characterised in that step（4）In, during thick-skinned melon cultivation skill, in order to improve thick-skinned melon commodity rate and bear fruit
Rate, generally select the 2nd female flower and carry out artificial pollination, pollination preferably carries out in fine day morning 8-10, marks, must not leak simultaneously
Award, in order to avoid vacant hill, it is ensured that strain strain knot melon.
8. the stem broccoli production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and interplant corn, eat green soy bean raw and the cultivation of thick-skinned melon
Culture method, it is characterised in that step（4）In, during thick-skinned melon cultivation skill, green chloroazotic acid soluble fertilizers are applied with what drip irrigation imposed
Middle active ingredient is：Humic acid >=30g/l；N+P2O5+K2O≥200g/l；Water-soluble nitrogen N >=80g/l；Water-soluble phosphorus P2O5≥
140g/l；Water-soluble potassium K2O≥140g/l。
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