CN104920161A - Grape seedling treatment and cultivation technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a grape seedling treatment and cultivation technique. The thickness of a standard scion of a seedling is more than 0.4cm, more than two plump buds are survived, more than four stock main roots grow, the root length is more than 20cm, hair roots are developed, and a root system is not frozen, free of water loss and mildew and not dried-up. A graft union is sufficiently healed, the seedling root system is soaked in clean water for 12 hours, 4-6 main roots remain on each seedling, the length of each main root is 20cm, surplus main roots and hair roots are cut off, too long roots, dried-up roots and tip rotten roots are cut off, the fresh white root system is exposed, the roots are soaked in 25-50 milligrams of APT (ammonium paratungstate) rooting powder liquid per liter for 3-5 minutes, and the clean water, loess (free of salt and alkali) and 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate are uniformly mixed to prepare mud. By the grape seedling treatment and cultivation technique, yield and the quality of grapes can be improved.

Description

A kind of grape seedling treatment and culture technique

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of grape seedling treatment and culture technique, belong to field of mechanical technique.

Background technology

Wine-growing is produced and is more and more trended towards scale both at home and abroad at present, intensive, and the more and more modernization of production culture technique; the U.S. and Germany etc. country now appearance with gene technology improvement grape variety biotechnology; and obtain phased Achievements, in this respect, China is just in the starting stage.

From market, 2011, China's Table Grape gross yield has broken through 4,600,000 tons, gross yield is positioned at No. 1 in the world always, but outlet grape is almost nil, production management level is lower, and postharvest treatment (fresh-keeping, storage, transport) falls behind, gap larger in addition compared with the state such as the U.S., Chile.

The grape of the U.S., Chilean import with kind new (not thunder, redly to carry, crith is gloomy), Functionality, quality and appealing design, price are high occupies the high-grade grape market of China, every kilogram of price is more than 20 yuan.Import red grape and currant are compared price with currant differ greatly with domestic red carrying, and no matter are fruit qualities, pack compared with Imported Fruits widely different, illustrate that grape is produced and also had larger development space.

As far back as five sixties, more American-European countries just achieve the supply whole year of grape, and until today, China just progressively develops into blank across the market of anti-season in season consumption whole year grape.At the beginning of the eighties, sweep across one " huge peak heat " of China's wine-growing, result in the first time upsurge of whole nation development Table Grape, grape village specializing in a certain trade, specialist, as emerged rapidly in large numbersBamboo shoots after a spring rain, give birth at once.To the beginning of the nineties, started again " rattan harvests heat " in Zhejiang, it is with the surprising fruit grain of table tennis size, has clashed into the Sensitive nerve of domestic grape industry again, and has affected the whole country, and forms the Second High Tide of wine-growing.

Twice grape heat between 10 years, has the feature that common, i.e. large grain.Though this has catered to for the moment the consumer psychology that compatriots ask large, with regard to breed structure, both " huge peak system " grape, has belonged to medium variety, cultivated area proportion more than 70%, wine-growing structure serious unbalance.And the large grain that market is badly in need of, seedless, high-quality, good storage variety, belong to the kind of Eurasian population Oriental variety group, introduction China's time is short on the one hand, it is more importantly red that to put forward disease resistance weak, planting area is required strict, most of grape old liberated area cannot be developed interiorly, causes the dislocation of production and market.

In recent years, Liubei District high-quality grapes was subject to market welcome day by day.The grape variety accepted for market has: Wen Ke, and the summer is black, and blue-black is precious.At present, Liubei District Table Grape defines certain scale, and the fast development of grape is subject to the favorable comment of insider.

Grape is one of main cultivation fruit tree in the world, and consumption figure is also very large, and in coming 10 years, China's grape consumption per head will reach world average level, and annual production need reach 1,200 ten thousand tons, and cultivated area will expand 1,500 ten thousand mu to.That is, domestic grape development space is comparatively large at present, as long as continue to increase input in science and technology, utilize Domestic Resources advantage to produce high-quality grape, its market prospects are very wide.

Based on the development of domestic and international grape industry, grape industry will to aspect development such as high-quality, nutritive value height, and these have just been in starting state in China, although formed scale abroad, but still need to improve, optimize.Because pollution-free food is accepted by everybody gradually, free of contamination Organic grape will be subject to market favor from now on.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of grape seedling treatment and culture technique, the above defect can be overcome.

For solving above technical problem, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of grape seedling treatment and culture technique,

Selection of seedling

Seedling Criterion scion more than part rugosity 0.4cm, survives full bud more than 2; More than 4, stock main root, long more than the 20cm of root, fibrous root is flourishing, and root system is not endured cold, non-dehydration is dried up, do not gone mouldy; Grafting mouth fully heals;

Nursery stock plants pre-treatment

Soak: seedling root soaks 12 hours in clear water; Cut root: every young plant stays 4 ~ 6, main root, long 20cm, wipes out unnecessary main root and fibrous root, cut off long, the root that dries up, tip go rotten root, expose fresh white root system; Root is soaked 3 ~ 5 minutes in the APT root-inducing powder liquid of 25 ~ 50 mg/litre; Mud processed: mix with clear water, loess (not containing saline and alkaline) and 3 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphates and be modulated into mud;

Be stained with slurry: pulling out cutting the dipping in mud of the nursery stock root after root a moment, making every bar root all speckle with mud.

While cut root, slurry is stained with on limit slurrying, limit, plant in limit.

Seedling planting

Resident time is advisable with annual mid or late March; Plantation density adopts the seeding row spacing field planting of 0.5m × 3.5 m, and 381 strains are set in the effective strain of mu;

Field planting method: dig cave with spade and plant.Planting pit 30 × 30 × 30cm, first inserts table soil at the bottom of cave and piles " steamed bun " shape, put into nursery stock and make root system in order, earths up, gently carries nursery stock along root having peace of mind, finally earth culture is gone out ground having peace of mind.When cuttage seeding is planted, scion 2 about cm should be buried in the earth;

Water: water in Zai Miao limit, limit, after planting seedling, watering time more than 12h, can not be advocated and adopt drip irrigation method at the latest;

Put a lodged plant upright, wash seedling: by the Miao Fuzhi washed upside down by water.The seedling that blade speckles with mud is rinsed well with the sprayer spraying that clear water is housed.

This grape seedling treatment that the present invention relates to and culture technique, for 140 mu two season grape, bear fruit comprehensively, every mu of average annual malaga 2 tons, year malaga 280 tons, reach pollution-free food quality, annual sales amount 3080000, annual profits tax 1260000, profit-investment ratio 69.23%.

Embodiment

embodiment 1

Selection of seedling

Seedling Criterion scion part rugosity 0.5cm, survives full bud more than 2; 5, stock main root, long more than the 21cm of root, fibrous root is flourishing, and root system is not endured cold, non-dehydration is dried up, do not gone mouldy; Grafting mouth fully heals;

Nursery stock plants pre-treatment

Soak: seedling root soaks 12 hours in clear water; Cut root: every young plant stays 4 ~ 6, main root, long 20cm, wipes out unnecessary main root and fibrous root, cut off long, the root that dries up, tip go rotten root, expose fresh white root system; Root is soaked 3 minutes in the APT root-inducing powder liquid of 25 mg/litre; Mud processed: mix with clear water, loess (not containing saline and alkaline) and 3 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphates and be modulated into mud;

Be stained with slurry: pulling out cutting the dipping in mud of the nursery stock root after root a moment, making every bar root all speckle with mud.

While cut root, slurry is stained with on limit slurrying, limit, plant in limit.

Seedling planting

Resident time is advisable with annual mid or late March; Plantation density adopts the seeding row spacing field planting of 0.5m × 3.5 m, and 381 strains are set in the effective strain of mu;

Field planting method: dig cave with spade and plant.Planting pit 30 × 30 × 30cm, first inserts table soil at the bottom of cave and piles " steamed bun " shape, put into nursery stock and make root system in order, earths up, gently carries nursery stock along root having peace of mind, finally earth culture is gone out ground having peace of mind.When cuttage seeding is planted, scion 2 about cm should be buried in the earth;

Water: water in Zai Miao limit, limit, after planting seedling, watering time more than 12h, can not be advocated and adopt drip irrigation method at the latest;

Put a lodged plant upright, wash seedling: by the Miao Fuzhi washed upside down by water.The seedling that blade speckles with mud is rinsed well with the sprayer spraying that clear water is housed.

embodiment 2

Selection of seedling

Seedling Criterion scion part rugosity 0.6cm, survives full bud more than 2; 6, stock main root, long more than the 23cm of root, fibrous root is flourishing, and root system is not endured cold, non-dehydration is dried up, do not gone mouldy; Grafting mouth fully heals;

Nursery stock plants pre-treatment

Soak: seedling root soaks 12 hours in clear water; Cut root: every young plant stays 4 ~ 6, main root, long 20cm, wipes out unnecessary main root and fibrous root, cut off long, the root that dries up, tip go rotten root, expose fresh white root system; Root is soaked 4 minutes in the APT root-inducing powder liquid of 35 mg/litre; Mud processed: mix with clear water, loess (not containing saline and alkaline) and 3 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphates and be modulated into mud;

Be stained with slurry: pulling out cutting the dipping in mud of the nursery stock root after root a moment, making every bar root all speckle with mud.

While cut root, slurry is stained with on limit slurrying, limit, plant in limit.

Seedling planting

Resident time is advisable with annual mid or late March; Plantation density adopts the seeding row spacing field planting of 0.5m × 3.5 m, and 381 strains are set in the effective strain of mu;

Field planting method: dig cave with spade and plant.Planting pit 30 × 30 × 30cm, first inserts table soil at the bottom of cave and piles " steamed bun " shape, put into nursery stock and make root system in order, earths up, gently carries nursery stock along root having peace of mind, finally earth culture is gone out ground having peace of mind.When cuttage seeding is planted, scion 2 about cm should be buried in the earth;

Water: water in Zai Miao limit, limit, after planting seedling, watering time more than 12h, can not be advocated and adopt drip irrigation method at the latest;

Put a lodged plant upright, wash seedling: by the Miao Fuzhi washed upside down by water.The seedling that blade speckles with mud is rinsed well with the sprayer spraying that clear water is housed.

embodiment 3

Selection of seedling

Seedling Criterion scion part rugosity 0.7cm, survives full bud more than 2; 7, stock main root, long more than the 20cm of root, fibrous root is flourishing, and root system is not endured cold, non-dehydration is dried up, do not gone mouldy; Grafting mouth fully heals;

Nursery stock plants pre-treatment

Soak: seedling root soaks 12 hours in clear water; Cut root: every young plant stays 4 ~ 6, main root, long 20cm, wipes out unnecessary main root and fibrous root, cut off long, the root that dries up, tip go rotten root, expose fresh white root system; Root is soaked 5 minutes in the APT root-inducing powder liquid of 50 mg/litre; Mud processed: mix with clear water, loess (not containing saline and alkaline) and 3 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphates and be modulated into mud;

Be stained with slurry: pulling out cutting the dipping in mud of the nursery stock root after root a moment, making every bar root all speckle with mud.

While cut root, slurry is stained with on limit slurrying, limit, plant in limit.

Seedling planting

Resident time is advisable with annual mid or late March; Plantation density adopts the seeding row spacing field planting of 0.5m × 3.5 m, and 381 strains are set in the effective strain of mu;

Field planting method: dig cave with spade and plant.Planting pit 30 × 30 × 30cm, first inserts table soil at the bottom of cave and piles " steamed bun " shape, put into nursery stock and make root system in order, earths up, gently carries nursery stock along root having peace of mind, finally earth culture is gone out ground having peace of mind.When cuttage seeding is planted, scion 2 about cm should be buried in the earth;

Water: water in Zai Miao limit, limit, after planting seedling, watering time more than 12h, can not be advocated and adopt drip irrigation method at the latest;

Put a lodged plant upright, wash seedling: by the Miao Fuzhi washed upside down by water.The seedling that blade speckles with mud is rinsed well with the sprayer spraying that clear water is housed.

Embodiment of the present invention does not form the restriction to the application's scope; within every spirit in the present invention's design and principle, any amendment that one of skill in the art can make, equivalent to replace and improvement etc. all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. grape seedling treatment and a culture technique, is characterized in that,

Selection of seedling

Seedling Criterion scion more than part rugosity 0.4cm, survives full bud more than 2; More than 4, stock main root, long more than the 20cm of root, fibrous root is flourishing, and root system is not endured cold, non-dehydration is dried up, do not gone mouldy; Grafting mouth fully heals;

Nursery stock plants pre-treatment

Soak: seedling root soaks 12 hours in clear water; Cut root: every young plant stays 4 ~ 6, main root, long 20cm, wipes out unnecessary main root and fibrous root, cut off long, the root that dries up, tip go rotten root, expose fresh white root system; Root is soaked 3 ~ 5 minutes in the APT root-inducing powder liquid of 25 ~ 50 mg/litre; Mud processed: mix with clear water, loess (not containing saline and alkaline) and 3 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphates and be modulated into mud;

Be stained with slurry: pulling out cutting the dipping in mud of the nursery stock root after root a moment, making every bar root all speckle with mud;

While cut root, slurry is stained with on limit slurrying, limit, plant in limit;

Seedling planting

Resident time is advisable with annual mid or late March; Plantation density adopts the seeding row spacing field planting of 0.5m × 3.5 m, and 381 strains are set in the effective strain of mu;

Field planting method: dig cave with spade and plant;

Planting pit 30 × 30 × 30cm, first inserts table soil at the bottom of cave and piles " steamed bun " shape, put into nursery stock and make root system in order, earths up, gently carries nursery stock along root having peace of mind, finally earth culture is gone out ground having peace of mind;

When cuttage seeding is planted, scion 2 about cm should be buried in the earth;

Water: water in Zai Miao limit, limit, after planting seedling, watering time more than 12h, can not be advocated and adopt drip irrigation method at the latest;

Put a lodged plant upright, wash seedling: by the Miao Fuzhi washed upside down by water;

The seedling that blade speckles with mud is rinsed well with the sprayer spraying that clear water is housed.