CN104892305A - A high-selenium fertilizer for saline-alkali land and applications thereof in plantation of chinaberry tree - Google Patents
A high-selenium fertilizer for saline-alkali land and applications thereof in plantation of chinaberry tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN104892305A CN104892305A CN201510254690.8A CN201510254690A CN104892305A CN 104892305 A CN104892305 A CN 104892305A CN 201510254690 A CN201510254690 A CN 201510254690A CN 104892305 A CN104892305 A CN 104892305A
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Abstract
A high-selenium fertilizer for saline-alkali land is provided. The high-selenium fertilizer comprises following components: urea, dipotassium phosphate, humic acid, a trace element fertilizer, suaeda glauca powder, attapulgite, vermiculite powder, potassium selenite, maleic anhydride, citric acid, amino acid salts, biochemical fulvic acid, mineral oil and methyl salicylate. The fertilizer can effectively improve the saline-alkali land in a planting zone. After improvement, the salt content of soil layers having depth of 0-30 cm is 0.15-0.23%, the soil pH is 7.2-7.4, the soil humus content is 0.7-0.75 g/kg, the total nitrogen content of the soil is 0.52-0.58%, the content of trace elements is 28-30 mg/kg, and the selenium content is 0.66-0.78 mg/kg.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of fertilizer and the application in China tree plantation thereof, be specifically related to the high selenium fertilizer in a kind of saltings and the application in China tree plantation thereof, belong to technical field of soil fertilizer.
Background technology
Saltings is a kind of salt aggregation, refer to that salinity contained inside soil has influence on the normal growth of crop, according to UNESCO and food and agricultural organization's incomplete statistics, the area in saltings, the whole world is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, and wherein China is 9,913 ten thousand hectares.
At present along with the development of science and technology, should only not see disadvantageous one side, more it should be regarded as very precious land resources, because there are many biologies to comprise plant, comprise microorganism, can adapt to this environment, and increasing scientific worker is just putting into the enthusiasm of having one's bosom filled with among the work in improvement saltings, the work of administering saltings is bound to obtain final triumph.
The method of administering saltings in prior art comprises: 1, drainage: to the saline and alkaline plot of hypsography low-lying, by drainage trenching, discharges the surface water and can take away part soil salt; 2, washing salinity by irrigation method: according to the rule of " salt comes with water, and salt goes with water ", water is poured in ground, forms the water layer of certain depth on ground, the salinity in soil is fully dissolved, then drain from waterways the salinity dissolved.Thus reduce the saltiness of soil.3, soil moved in improve the original pressure alkaline process: soil moved in improve the original is exactly soil removal and replacement, and soil moved in improve the original can improve the physical properties in saltings; Have and press down salt, pouring salt, pressure alkali and reinforcement, the effect of soil fertility; Soil salt content can be made to be reduced to the degree of unlikely damage to crops growth; 4, applying organic manure method: fertilizer can increase the soil ulmin of soil, is conducive to the formation of crumb structure, and the ventilation in improvement saltings, permeable and nutrient situation, the organic acid produced after organic matter decomposition can also neutralize.
But there is following defect in the modification method of prior art: the soil easily salinization again 1, after draining and washing salinity by irrigation improvement; 2, soil moved in improve the original method consumption wealth effort, and be not long-term plan; 3, applying organic manure improved effect is bad, easily pollutes; 4, the soil after improvement is difficult to the standard reaching plant-growth needs, is difficult to planting plants.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the deficiency solving prior art existence, provides a kind of saltings high selenium fertilizer, to realize following goal of the invention:
(1) improve alkaline land soil, 0-30cm soil layer saltiness is reduced to 0.15-0.23% from 0.56-0.58%;
(2) improve soil pH, be reduced to 7.2-7.4 from 8.0-8.2;
(3) increase the humus content of the soil, bring up to 0.7-0.75g/kg from 0.2-0.4 g/kg;
(4) increasing total nitrogen content of soil is 0.52-0.58%;
(5) increasing micronutrient levels is 28-30mg/kg, and increase selenium content is 0.66-0.78mg/kg.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, by the following technical solutions:
The high selenium fertilizer in a kind of saltings, is characterized in that: the component of described fertilizer comprises: the fluffy powder of urea, Rhodiaphos DKP, humic acids, trace element fertilizer, alkali, attapulgite, vermiculite power, potassium selenite.
Below the further improvement to technique scheme:
The component of described fertilizer also comprises: maleic anhydride, citric acid, amino acid salts, biochemical fulvic acid, mineral oil, wintergreen oil.
The weight part of the component of described fertilizer is: maleic anhydride 40-43 part, citric acid 15-17 part, amino acid salts 6-8 part, biochemical fulvic acid 20-22 part, urea 6-8 part, Rhodiaphos DKP 5-7 part, humic acids 11-13 part, trace element fertilizer 3-6 part, alkali fluffy powder 12-15 part, attapulgite 28-32 part, vermiculite power 9-11 part, potassium selenite 4-6 part, mineral oil 2-3 part, wintergreen oil 0.2-0.4 part.
Described amino acid salts comprises Isoleucine salt, α-amino-isovaleric acid salt, arginic acid salt.
Described Isoleucine salt, α-amino-isovaleric acid salt, arginic acid salt weight part ratio are 1:2:3.
Described trace element fertilizer comprises EDTA zinc, EDTA copper, EDTA manganese, EDTA Fe.
Described EDTA zinc, EDTA copper, EDTA manganese, EDTA Fe, weight part ratio is 1:2:0.5:0.5.
A saltings preparation method for high selenium fertilizer, comprises and prepares the fluffy powder of alkali: dry fluffy for alkali stem, leaf, root to water content <9%, be ground into powder, the obtained fluffy powder of alkali.
Also comprise grinding: mixed with attapulgite, vermiculite power by the fluffy powder of alkali of preparation, add suitable quantity of water and grind to form slurry, be heated to 92-95 DEG C, then add potassium selenite, mineral oil, continue grinding 50-55 minute, make mixed slurry.
Adopt fertilizer of the present invention effectively can improve the saltings of planting area, after improvement: 0-30cm soil layer saltiness is 0.15-0.23%, soil pH is 7.2-7.4, the humus content of the soil is 0.7-0.75g/kg, total nitrogen content of soil is 0.52-0.58%, micronutrient levels is 28-30mg/kg, and selenium content is 0.66-0.78mg/kg.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) alkaline land soil of planting area effectively improved by fertilizer of the present invention, and 0-30cm soil layer saltiness is reduced to 0.15-0.23% from 0.56-0.58%;
(2) soil pH is reduced to 7.2-7.4 from 8.0-8.2;
(3) the humus content of the soil brings up to 0.7-0.75g/kg from 0.2-0.4 g/kg;
(4) after improvement, total nitrogen content of soil is 0.52-0.58%, and micronutrient levels is 28-30mg/kg, and selenium content is 0.66-0.78mg/kg.
(5) adopt fertilizer of the present invention plantation China tree, surviving rate is 95.6-96.9%, plants 1 year, and plant height increases 20-25%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 one kinds of high selenium fertilizers in saltings
The weight part of each component of fertilizer formula is:
Amino acid salts comprises Isoleucine salt, α-amino-isovaleric acid, arginic acid salt, and weight part ratio is 1:2:3.
Trace element fertilizer comprises EDTA zinc, EDTA copper, EDTA manganese, EDTA Fe, and ratio is 1:2:0.5:0.5.
Embodiment 2 one kinds of high selenium fertilizers in saltings
The weight part of each component of fertilizer formula is:
Amino acid salts comprises Isoleucine salt, α-amino-isovaleric acid, arginic acid salt, and weight part ratio is 1:2:3.
Trace element fertilizer comprises EDTA zinc, EDTA copper, EDTA manganese, EDTA Fe, and ratio is 1:2:0.5:0.5.
Embodiment 3 one kinds of high selenium fertilizers in saltings
The weight part of each component of fertilizer formula is:
Amino acid salts comprises Isoleucine salt, α-amino-isovaleric acid, arginic acid salt, and weight part ratio is 1:2:3.
Trace element fertilizer comprises EDTA zinc, EDTA copper, EDTA manganese, EDTA Fe, and ratio is 1:2:0.5:0.5.
Embodiment 4 one kinds of saltingss preparation method of high selenium fertilizer
1, the fluffy powder of alkali is prepared
Fluffy for alkali stem, leaf, root are dried to water content <9%, is ground into powder, the obtained fluffy powder of alkali.
2, grind
The fluffy powder of alkali of preparation is mixed with attapulgite, vermiculite power, adds suitable quantity of water and grind to form slurry, be heated to 92-95 DEG C, then add potassium selenite, mineral oil, continue grinding 50-55 minute, make mixed slurry.
3, granulation
In the mixed slurry that above-mentioned steps is obtained, add maleic anhydride, citric acid, amino acid salts, biochemical fulvic acid, humic acids, trace element fertilizer, wintergreen oil, urea, stir, concentrated post-drying, granulation, obtained finished product.
The application of high selenium fertilizer in China tree plantation of embodiment 5 one kinds of saltingss
1, the selection in saltings
Select heavy saline, 0-30cm soil layer saltiness is 0.56-0.58%, pH is 8.0-8.2, and humus content 0.2-0.4g/kg, total nitrogen content is less than 0.2%.
2, nursery
Select the veteran of more than 20 years the nursery 10-11 the previous year month, collect seed.
Nutritious, soil ulmin enriches, the sand loam of good water permeability carries out nursery.April in spring opens bar ditch with water seed soaking 4-5d by line-spacing 30-45cm, ditch depth 6cm before sowing, by planting seed, and earthing compacting.Cultivate 1 year, spring in next year transplants.
3, wholely, plant
Carry out the smooth of ground before plantation, repair irrigation and drainage irrigation canals and ditches, comprehensively deep plough more than 30cm afterwards, then carry out digging cave, and the specification in cave is diameter 1.0-1.2m, and dark 0.8-1.0m, opens cave by distance between rows and hills 5m × 5m.
Cave bottom manuring, on cover fine earth 10cm, select the sapling being highly about 3.5-4m, transplant, lifting is interior for the previous period to water to fill with sufficient water supplemental tree body moisture to sapling, can not be with native ball, transplant for naked, trunk 2.6-3m place is retained 3-4 scaffold limb, and institute's major branch that stays is in the butt of 50-80cm place.
First, China tree sapling is put into hole also righting, back to banket the gap tamping of limit waddy along tree root, until banket equal with ground.
1 strain is planted in every cave, and root will be made during plantation to unfold, and soil and root touch, and earthing compacting, waters.
4, irrigation, waterways is arranged
Every ridge sapling digs an irrigation, waterways, distance sapling about 50cm; Water at ordinary times and keep soil not arid.
Spring irrigation: water source for irrigation selects local saline groundwater, irrigation quantity is 3 times of daily irrigation quantity, and it is 20-22mm that spring irrigation continues three days irrigation quota on each applications.
Winter irrigation: after plant is terminated breeding time, carry out a winter irrigation, irrigation quota on each application is 17-22mm.
In case of needed timely draining when rainy season or ponding.
6, apply fertilizer
First the fertilizer of embodiment 1-3 is evenly sprinkling upon China tree sapling base portion, around Shu Yiquan, Distance-Tree shoot root portion 30-40cm, then with water impulsive motion; Each fertilising 2.0-3.0kg/, along with plant growth appropriateness increases fertilizer amount.
7, manage
After treelet plantation, will loosen the soil every year, apply fertilizer 2-3 time, winter earths up, and meeting will ditch rainy season in time drains the water away.
Every 7-10 days sprays 1 0.6% Bordeaux mixture or 0.6% copperas solution, continues 2-3 month; Find weeds, should pull out in time, thoroughly clean; Mid-November, with wheat straw parcel sapling trunk part, be incubated.
The fertilizer adopting the formula of embodiment 1,2,3 to prepare, by the implantation methods of embodiment 5, tests respectively, and the effect specific targets of soil improvement are in table 1, and the experimental result specific targets of plantation China tree are in table 2.
The effect table of table 1 soil improvement
The experimental result table of China tree planted by table 2 kind
From table 2, the every soil root system improved effect of embodiment 2 is best, and the indices of plantation China tree is also optimum, is preferred embodiment.
The alkaline land soil of planting area effectively improved by fertilizer of the present invention, plantation China tree is after 1 year, 0-30cm soil layer saltiness is reduced to 0.15-0.23% from 0.56-0.58%, and soil pH is reduced to 7.2-7.4 from 8.0-8.2, and the humus content of the soil brings up to 0.7-0.75g/kg from 0.2-0.4 g/kg; After improvement, total nitrogen content of soil is 0.52-0.58%, and micronutrient levels is 28-30mg/kg, and selenium content is 0.66-0.78mg/kg.
Adopt fertilizer of the present invention to plant China tree, surviving rate is 95.6-96.9%, plants 1 year, and plant height increases 20-25%.
The above is the citing of best mode for carrying out the invention, and the part wherein do not addressed in detail is the common practise of those of ordinary skill in the art.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the content of claim, and any equivalent transformation carried out based on technology enlightenment of the present invention, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the high selenium fertilizer in saltings, is characterized in that: the component of described fertilizer comprises: the fluffy powder of urea, Rhodiaphos DKP, humic acids, trace element fertilizer, alkali, attapulgite, vermiculite power, potassium selenite.
2. the high selenium fertilizer in a kind of saltings according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the component of described fertilizer also comprises: maleic anhydride, citric acid, amino acid salts, biochemical fulvic acid, mineral oil, wintergreen oil.
3. the high selenium fertilizer in a kind of saltings according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the weight part of the component of described fertilizer is: maleic anhydride 40-43 part, citric acid 15-17 part, amino acid salts 6-8 part, biochemical fulvic acid 20-22 part, urea 6-8 part, Rhodiaphos DKP 5-7 part, humic acids 11-13 part, trace element fertilizer 3-6 part, alkali fluffy powder 12-15 part, attapulgite 28-32 part, vermiculite power 9-11 part, potassium selenite 4-6 part, mineral oil 2-3 part, wintergreen oil 0.2-0.4 part.
4. the high selenium fertilizer in a kind of saltings according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described amino acid salts comprises Isoleucine salt, α-amino-isovaleric acid salt, arginic acid salt.
5. the high selenium fertilizer in a kind of saltings according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described Isoleucine salt, α-amino-isovaleric acid salt, arginic acid salt weight part ratio are 1:2:3.
6. the high selenium fertilizer in a kind of saltings according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described trace element fertilizer comprises EDTA zinc, EDTA copper, EDTA manganese, EDTA Fe.
7. the high selenium fertilizer in a kind of saltings according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described EDTA zinc, EDTA copper, EDTA manganese, EDTA Fe, weight part ratio is 1:2:0.5:0.5.
8. a saltings preparation method for high selenium fertilizer, is characterized in that: comprise and prepare the fluffy powder of alkali: dry fluffy for alkali stem, leaf, root to water content <9%, be ground into powder, the obtained fluffy powder of alkali.
9. a kind of saltings preparation method of high selenium fertilizer according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: also comprise grinding: the fluffy powder of alkali of preparation is mixed with attapulgite, vermiculite power, add suitable quantity of water and grind to form slurry, be heated to 92-95 DEG C, then potassium selenite, mineral oil is added, continue grinding 50-55 minute, make mixed slurry.
10. the high selenium fertilizer in a kind of saltings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt fertilizer of the present invention effectively can improve the saltings of planting area, after improvement: 0-30cm soil layer saltiness is 0.15-0.23%, soil pH is 7.2-7.4, the humus content of the soil is 0.7-0.75g/kg, total nitrogen content of soil is 0.52-0.58%, and micronutrient levels is 28-30mg/kg, and selenium content is 0.66-0.78mg/kg.
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| CN201510254690.8A CN104892305A (en) | 2015-05-19 | 2015-05-19 | A high-selenium fertilizer for saline-alkali land and applications thereof in plantation of chinaberry tree |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106034447A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for carrying out original-soil greening on coastal saline-alkaline land through under-mulch drip irrigation technique by using conditioner containing soil yeast liquid |
| CN108059576A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-05-22 | 哈尔滨萃实农业科技有限公司 | A kind of special selenium-rich conditioner in salt-soda soil and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1130165A (en) * | 1995-01-14 | 1996-09-04 | 魏坤峰 | Improved fertilizer for hortriculture saline-alkali soil and its preparing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106034447A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for carrying out original-soil greening on coastal saline-alkaline land through under-mulch drip irrigation technique by using conditioner containing soil yeast liquid |
| CN108059576A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-05-22 | 哈尔滨萃实农业科技有限公司 | A kind of special selenium-rich conditioner in salt-soda soil and preparation method thereof |
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