CN1048875C - 气管炎冲剂的配制方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于一种气管炎冲剂的配制方法,特征是将小叶女贞、紫花地丁、荔枝草、吉祥草以及车前草五味药材按一定比例投入提取缸内,加水煎煮三次,一煎、二煎各为1小时,三煎为45分钟,加水量分别为药材的10、8、5倍,合并煎液,过滤浓缩至相对密度为1.34-1.36的浸膏,取浸膏1份加蔗糖、糊精各1.5份及乙醇适量搅拌成软材后制粒、烘干。本发明对急慢性支气管炎、上呼吸道感染、肺部感染等都有良好疗效。
Description
本发明涉及一种中草药口服冲剂的配料方法,具体是涉及一种治疗上呼吸道感染,急慢性支气管炎口服冲剂的配制方法。
上呼吸道感染,急、慢性支气管炎是一种危害人体健康的常见病、多发病,以咳嗽、咳痰和喘息为主要症状,中医理论属“痰饮”范围。
目前已知治疗急、慢性支气管炎和上感咳嗽的中草药有“川贝枇杷糖浆”、“蛇胆陈皮末”、“蛇胆川贝液”、“咳特灵”、“复方桔梗片”、“复方甘草片”等,这些中成药对初发性的伤风感冒引起的咳嗽、咳痰症状有一定疗效,但对上感,急、慢性支气管炎兼治的中草药制剂目前尚不多。
据了解目前配制上述中成药的原料多半为名贵药材如川贝、蛇胆等,特别是蛇胆,由于广泛应用,原料紧缺,而且蛇胆是由杀蛇取胆而得,因此大量使用蛇胆,势必造成蛇资源缺乏而破坏自然生态平衡。另外经查中国专利文献表明,在我国又有人用熊胆配制止咳药如CN1049283A(名称为:含熊胆止咳药的制备方法),这种中成药,由于用熊胆价格昂贵,因而使药物成本大大提高。
本发明的目的在于提供一种新的有效镇咳,祛痰、消炎兼治,药源广、价廉、易于推广,治疗上感,急、慢性支气管炎有一定疗效的中草药制剂。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案是,将小叶女贞、紫花地丁、荔枝草、吉祥草、车前草五味药材按一定比例配伍投入多功能提取缸内,加水煎煮三镒,第1、2次煎煮各为1小时,第3次煎煮为45分钟,加水量分别为药材的10、8、5倍,含并煎液,过滤浓缩至一定相对密度的浸膏,取浸膏1份加蔗糖、糊精各1.5份及乙醇适量搅拌或软材制粒,干燥后即得。
上述五味药材,其中小叶女贞,苦、凉,紫花地丁味苦,性凉寒微辛,入心肺经,具有清热解毒、止咳、祛痰、消炎作用为君药;吉祥草具有甘寒入肺经,除湿之功效以加强君药作用;荔枝草具有苦味性辛温,止咳、祛痰、消炎功效为佐药;车前草性味甘寒入肝、肾、膀胱和肺经,使肺经郁热从下焦而解为使药。
本发明对比现有技术有以下优点:
由于本发明是由小叶女贞、紫花地丁、吉祥草、荔枝草、以及车前草五味中草药配制而成,因此具有辛凉解表、清热解毒、宜肺除湿之功效,能祛痰除湿,使咳喘减轻。
本发明无副作用,多数病例饭量增加,入睡好。个别有轻泻、胃嘈感,坚持治疗自行缓解。40例治疗前后检查肝、肾功能、血象及心电图未见异常。
本发明药效可靠、镇咳、祛痰、消炎同时兼备,临床研究中未见毒副作用。另外药源丰富,制药工艺稳定,质量检查标准法定化,具有广阔开发前景。
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步详述:
本发明以中草药为原料,其配伍为:小叶女贞40-70克,紫花地丁40-70克,吉祥草40-70克,荔枝草20-40克,车前草10-20克。其配制方法是:五味中草药按上述比例投入多功能提取缸内,加水煎煮3次,第1、2次煎者各为1小时,第3次煎煮为45分钟,加水量分别为药材的10、8、5倍,合并煎液,过滤浓缩至相对密度为1.34-1.36的浸膏,取浸膏1份加蔗糖,糊精各1.5份及乙醇适量搅拌成软材制粒,在60-80℃的温度下干燥后即得。
根据临床实验,成品每袋相当于药材量31.25克,一包装30袋,一次服用2袋,相当于药材量62.5克,一日服3-4次,相当于药材量187.5-2500克。功能与主治:止咳,祛痰,消炎,用于止呼吸道感染,急、慢性支气管炎,肺部感染等。用量与用法:一次2袋,一日3-4次,开水冲服,小儿减半。规格:每袋15克,贮藏于密闭防潮处。
制法按照《中华人民共和国药典》1990年版一部附录中关于制剂通则项目中的规定,经重庆市桐君阁药厂加工,重庆药品检验合格。其主要试验结果如下:
1.临床疗效试验:
本组450例急、慢性支气管炎的诊断,分型及疗效判断,均按1979年全国防治慢性支气管炎所拟定的标准。男292例,女158例;15岁以下54例,50岁以下48例,51-55岁192例;60-70岁130例,70岁以上26例。病情:重度146例;中度201例;轻度49例。急性支气管炎54例。病程2-5年72例,6-9年52例,10-19年173例,20年以上99例,1月以内54例。合并肺气肿229例,无肺气肿221例。
冲剂15克1袋,每次2袋,每日三次冲服,剧咳时可增服一次。治疗期间未加用任何止咳、祛痰和其它抗菌药物。一疗程监控63例,显效113例,好转184例,无效67例,显效率为43.56%,有效率为85.11%。另外对112例住院者随访观察三个疗程,其显效率分别为34.8-49-76.75,有效率分别为89.2-92.2-96.5%。
本发明与已知有效药物侧伯、侧氨朴对照,效果优于以上药物。X2=31.533,P<0.01,说明气管炎冲剂是一种较好的中草药复方。
2.主要药效学试验:
试品气管炎浸膏药浓缩按1∶4.67(w/w),相对密度1.28,每毫升浸膏相当含生药5.21克,对实验动物小白鼠,大白鼠,豚鼠进行氨水引咳法和酚红祛痰试验等结果表明,有明显的镇咳,祛痰作用,经抑菌试验表明对甲型链球菌,卡他球菌,肺炎双球菌,溶血性嗜血杆菌,去硝化产碱杆菌,粘质沙雷氏菌,大肠埃希氏菌等均有抑菌作用。
3.长期毒性试验:
本发明设高、中、低剂量和对照组,口服给药90天,测体重、血生化、总蛋白(Sp),白蛋白(A),血红蛋白(Hb),谷丙转氨酶(SGPT),尿素氮(BNN)和血液细胞学等,经统计分析,均无显著差异,对全身24个脏器(心、肝、脑、肾、脾等)进行组织细胞学检查,也无异常发现。
4.急性毒性试验:
本药用小白鼠试验,测得LD50,相当于原生药的125.87±0.089/kg,试验结果表明无毒。
5.质量标准试验:
气管炎冲剂性状为黄棕色颗料,味甜微苦。鉴别:取本品8克,加甲醇41ml,加热回流提取30分钟过滤,滤液蒸干,残渣加水5ml溶解作为供试品溶液;取供试品溶液1ml,加三氨化铁试液1滴,即显污绿色(黄酮类),取供试品溶液2ml,加镁粉少量与盐酸数滴,加热约3分钟即显红色(黄酮类),照薄层原析法(中国药典1990年版一部附录57页)试验,供试品色谱中在与对照品色谱相应位置上,显示相同的兰色荧光斑点。重金属在百万分之五到百万分之十三之间,气管炎冲剂检查结果,符合《中国药典》1990年版一部附录制剂通则“冲剂”项要求。
6.初步稳定性试验:
参照卫生部《新药审批办法1992年》稳定性试验要求,在常温下考虑产品性状、水粉、粒度以及卫生学检查均符合要求。
Claims (1)
1.一种治疗气管炎口服冲剂的配制方法,其特征是将小叶女贞40-70克、紫花地丁40-70克、吉祥草40-70克、荔枝草20-40克以及车前草10-20克五味药材投入提取缸内,加水煎煮三次,一煎、二煎各为1小时,三煎45分钟,加水量分别为药材的10、8、5倍,合并煎液,过滤浓缩至相对密度为1.34-1.36的浸膏,取浸膏1份加蒸糖、糊精各1.5份及乙醇适量,搅拌成软材制粒,烘干。
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CN1062468C (zh) * | 1996-04-25 | 2001-02-28 | 陕西晨鸡药业有限责任公司 | 鸡胆口服液及其制备工艺 |
KR100794445B1 (ko) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-01-16 | 남종현 | 알레르기 치료효과를 갖는 기능성 식품 조성물, 이를이용한 천연차 및 그의 제조방법 |
CN101181517B (zh) * | 2007-12-04 | 2010-08-18 | 宋玉洁 | 一种润肺止咳中药冲剂 |
CN102669358B (zh) * | 2012-05-04 | 2013-10-30 | 蓝照斓 | 一种藓生马先蒿保健茶 |
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CN1039967A (zh) * | 1989-06-05 | 1990-02-28 | 陈江辉 | 治愈支气管炎口服液的配制方法 |
CN1057394A (zh) * | 1990-06-22 | 1992-01-01 | 韩允志 | 咳喘速平糖浆配制方法 |
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CN1039967A (zh) * | 1989-06-05 | 1990-02-28 | 陈江辉 | 治愈支气管炎口服液的配制方法 |
CN1057394A (zh) * | 1990-06-22 | 1992-01-01 | 韩允志 | 咳喘速平糖浆配制方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
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中成药研究1983(1) 1983.1.31 王左,潘维明,陆平,上感与肺炎101例辨证施治疗效 * |
云南中医杂志1983,4(2) 1983.2.28 李冬青,柴葛解肌汤治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染 * |
云南中医杂志1983,4(2) 1983.2.28 李冬青,柴葛解肌汤治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染;中成药研究1983(1) 1983.1.31 王左,潘维明,陆平,上感与肺炎101例辨证施治疗效 * |
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