CN104885930A - Breeding method for multi-resistance flue-cured tobacco hybrid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a breeding method for a multi-resistance flue-cured tobacco hybrid. The breeding method for the multi-resistance flue-cured tobacco hybrid comprises the steps of firstly using MSG28 as a female parent, using high-quality, widely applicable and blackleg-resistant varieties which are sensitive to TMV and weather fleck and are used for production as recurrent parents, performing eight generations of backcrossing to breed male sterile lines, using fertile materials which are resistant to blackleg and highly resistant to TMV and weather fleck as original resources, performing six generations of selfing purification to breed selfing pure lines with common or better curing characteristics, then using the bred male sterile lines as female parents and the selfing pure lines as male parents to breed hybrid combinations, respectively evaluating resistance to different diseases and economic performance by using land parcels or areas seriously attacked by different diseases and normal land parcels in producing areas, and finally performing 2-3 years of multi-point tests for quality and adaptability evaluation to the hybrid combinations which are simultaneously resistant to different diseases and have good economic performance. By adopting the method, the aggregation of multiple characters such as high quality, simultaneous resistance to foliage diseases and root and stalk diseases and good adaptability can be realized, the breeding efficiency is improved.

Description

The selection of a kind of how anti-flue-cured tobacco crossbreed

Technical field

The invention belongs to tobacco hybrid use of advantage technical field, be specifically related to the selection of a kind of how anti-flue-cured tobacco crossbreed.

Background technology

Flue-cured tobacco is the primary raw material crop of cigarette, be also the Important Economic crop of China, and kind is the basis of cured tobacco production.For a long time, in China's cured tobacco production, main breed used is a few kinds such as cloud and mist 87, K326, Zhongyan-100, middle cigarette 103 always, causes pattern of farming single, and kind comprehensively disease-resistant, anti-adversity is degenerated.In recent years, tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) (TMV), climacteric spot disease and balck shank are on the rise, seriously reduce tobacco production and quality, economic loss is heavy, become the important restriction factor that China's part producing region high-quality tobacco is produced, but the improved seeds of hold concurrently at present anti-TMV, climacteric spot disease and balck shank are very deficient.Therefore, the high-quality tobacco new varieties of cultivating hold concurrently anti-TMV, climacteric spot disease and balck shank are research topics important in current flue-cured tobacco breeding.

Conventional cross-breeding is all the main method of flue-cured tobacco breeding all the time, but the time is very long, from assembly to production demonstration, generally use 9-12, the longest will spend the 15-16 year, and the good materials most of sucking quality not easily toasts, what all that has been achieved is spoiled is of common occurrence, and breeding efficiency is low.In order to have more kind, go out kind soon, in recent years, hybrid vigour obtains and utilizes widely in tobacco breeding, almost reaches the status of equal importance with conventional cross-breeding.At present, tobacco breeding unit of China, has cultivated a collection of flue-cured tobacco crossbreed, but apply in cured tobacco production and few, only have several kinds such as Yunyan201, No. 9, lucky cigarette, distant cigarette 16.Its main cause be bred as crossbreed only have yield heterosis, can not hold concurrently anti-foliage disease and tubers disease simultaneously, quality and adaptability poor.The qualification condition that this and China most breeding units lack multiple diseases is relevant, causes the blindness preparing F1 generation combination larger; Also the Disease Resistance that the Disease Resistance controlled dominant gene with breeder and recessive gene control is relevant in the embodiment knowledge of regularity deficiency of the first generation of hybrid.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides the selection of a kind of how anti-flue-cured tobacco crossbreed, the polymerization of multiple excellent proterties such as adopt the method can realize high-quality in flue-cured tobacco is breeding hybridized, hold concurrently anti-foliage disease and tubers disease, adaptability are good and adding up, improve flue-cured tobacco breeding efficiency significantly, shortening the breeding cycle, there is reference to the breeding units lacking multiple diseases qualification condition.

Technical scheme provided by the invention: the selection of described a kind of how anti-flue-cured tobacco crossbreed, step is as follows:

1) with MSG28 be maternal, feel conventional variety that the production of TMV and weather spot disease uses for recurrent parent with wide suitable, anti-balck shank, backcross through 8 generations and cultivate male sterile line;

2) with anti-balck shank and the Fertile material of high resistance TMV and weather spot disease is source material, be breeding goal according to " field fall yellow Mature property good ", select the inbred pure line of inheritance stability through 6 generations selfing purifying;

3) with the male sterile cultivated be maternal, inbred pure line for the combination of male parent preparing hybrid, and utilize the repeating transmission plot of producing region different diseases or region and normal plot, in the same time, resistance and the economic characters qualification of different diseases carried out respectively to it;

4) hybrid combination of anti-different diseases of holding concurrently is carried out the multispots trial of 2-3 quality and adaptability qualification.

Above step detailed method of operation is as follows:

(1) with flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MSG28 for female parent, to produce the best in quality of upper large area use, adaptability is good, in anti-or anti-or high resistance balck shank, but the conventional variety of sense TMV and weather spot disease is male parent, hybridize, obtain male sterile F1 generation, then utilize numerous and local breeding base, south, with male parent be recurrent parent to this F1 continuously in the south that climate difference is large, under the two kinds of environment in the north, alternate cycles is carried out roguing and is backcrossed, through backcrossing, in 8 generations, obtained best in quality, adaptability is good, in anti-balck shank, but the male sterile line of the recurrent parent of sense TMV and weather spot disease,

(2) at black shank, plot conventional cured tobacco production plantation in season in locality is retransmitted to the educated germ plasm resource of existing nonproductive upper use, these germ plasm resources of repetitive identified are to the resistance of balck shank in batches, and retransmit district's conventional cured tobacco production plantation in season in locality at tobacco TMV and weather spot disease, these germ plasm resources of repetitive identified are to the resistance of TMV and weather spot disease in batches, anti-or anti-or high resistance balck shank in therefrom filtering out and high resistance TMV and weather spot disease can breeding material, then utilize numerous and local breeding base, south, with this can breeding material for source material, be breeding objective according to " field fall yellow Mature property better ", continuously in the south that climate difference is large, under the two kinds of environment in the north, alternate cycles carries out roguing selfing purifying, anti-or anti-or high resistance balck shank in 6 generations selfing purifying obtains and high resistance TMV and weather spot disease, the inbred pure line of the general or good inheritance stability of baking property,

(3) with large area in the production obtained in step (1) use best in quality, adaptability good, in anti-or anti-or high resistance balck shank but the male sterile of the conventional variety of sense TMV and weather spot disease is maternal, with anti-or anti-in obtaining in step (2) or high resistance balck shank and high resistance TMV and weather spot disease, baking property generally or preferably can the inbred pure line of breeding material for male parent, preparing hybrid combines;

(4) the hybrid combination seed obtained in step (3) is separated appropriate three parts, the a conventional cured tobacco production plantation in season in locality at tobacco TMV and weather spot disease repeating transmission district, with national flue-cured tobacco regional test check variety K326 for check variety, identify the resistance of hybrid combination to TMV and weather spot disease on the spot; The a conventional cured tobacco production plantation in season in locality in black shank repeating transmission plot, take K326 as check variety, identifies that hybrid combination is to the resistance of balck shank on the spot; A without tobacco rhizome class disease morbidity history and the conventional cured tobacco production plantation in season in locality of lighter plot occurs virus disease, take K326 as check variety, identify the integral economic trait of hybrid combination;

(5) to the high resistance TMV obtained in step (4) and weather spot disease, and black shank fastness is better than or is equivalent to check variety, and integral economic trait performance is better than the hybrid combination of check variety, the hybrid combination seed getting initial preparation separates some parts, carry out the multispots trial of 2-3, the quality of qualification hybrid combination and adaptability, therefrom filter out quality close to or be equivalent to the hybrid combination that check variety K326, adaptability are good, integral economic trait performance is better than check variety, i.e. excellent flue-cured tobacco crossbreed.

The male sterile line cultivated in step (1) has following features: the performance of quality, baking property, adaptability, integral economic trait is consistent with the corresponding conventional variety as recurrent parent described in step (1) with disease resistance, concrete feature is: 1. best in quality, baking property good, wide adaptability, integral economic trait do very well, 2. TMV and weather spot disease is felt, anti-or anti-or high resistance balck shank 3..

What select in step (2) the inbred pure line of breeding material can have following features: 1. high resistance TMV and weather spot disease, anti-or anti-or high resistance balck shank 2., 3. toasts that sex expression is general or better, integral economic trait performance is general.

Tobacco TMV described in step (2) and step (4) and weather spot disease retransmit district refer to the TMV of check variety K326 or local main breed for years and the weather spot disease incidence of disease almost 100% Continuous Tobacco Cropping region; Described black shank is retransmitted plot and is referred to that the balck shank incidence of disease of local main breed for years all reaches more than 80%, and plant susceptible variety continuous 3 years disease indexs fertility to reach latter stage or close to 100 continuous cropping plot.

Produce described in step (1) that upper large area uses best in quality, adaptability good, in anti-or anti-or high resistance balck shank but the conventional variety of sense TMV and weather spot disease comprises K326, cloud and mist 87, Zhongyan-100 or middle cigarette 103, with it for recurrent parent, with flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MSG28 for female parent, through backcrossing, 8 flue-cured tobacco male sterile brought out of being commissioned to train are cigarette 103 in MSK326, MS cloud and mist 87, MS Zhongyan-100 or MS.

Anti-or anti-or high resistance balck shank in described in step (2) and high resistance TMV and weather spot disease can comprise K8 or CV87 by breeding material, with it for source material, be breeding objective according to " field fall yellow Mature property better ", the inbred pure line through the seed selection of 6 generations selfing purifying comprises K8 inbred pure line or CV87 inbred pure line.

Described in step (5) by Quality Identification and adaptability qualification excellent flue-cured tobacco crossbreed, specifically comprise: with the flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MS Zhongyan-100 cultivated in step (1) for maternal, be that male parent carries out hybridizing the crossbreed HB013 obtained with the CV87 inbred pure line selected in step (2), with the flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MS K326 cultivated in step (1) for maternal, be that male parent carries out hybridizing the crossbreed HB029 obtained with the K8 inbred pure line selected in step (2), with cigarette in the flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MS cultivated in step (1) 103 for maternal, be that male parent carries out hybridizing the crossbreed HB061 obtained with the K8 inbred pure line selected in step (2), with the flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MS cloud and mist 87 cultivated in step (1) for maternal, be that male parent carries out hybridizing the crossbreed HB112 obtained with the K8 inbred pure line selected in step (2), described excellent flue-cured tobacco crossbreed has following characteristics: 1. strain formula turriform, plant height 120-150 cm, raw total number of sheets 22-27 sheet, the long 70-80 cm of waist leaf, the wide 30-38 cm of waist leaf, leaf ellipse, blade master pulse is comparatively thick, and field growing way is comparatively strong, and the layering yellow mature characteristic that falls is obvious, 2. well developed root system, drought-enduring, resistant to lodging, but not resistance to fertilizer, 3. high resistance TMV and weather spot disease, anti-or in anti-balck shank, 4. per mu yield 160 about Kg, per mu yield value than check variety K326 improve more than 10%, first-class cigarette ratio higher than or be equivalent to check variety, 5. former cigarette color is based on golden yellow, maturity based on maturation, middle leaf blade construction to loosen, the loose-Shang of upper leaf blade construction loosens, in middle leaf identity, thin, the upper leaf identity of isogonic is based on medium, and oil content has-slightly, colourity based in, 6. former cigarette nicotine content 2-3%, content of reducing sugar 20-30%, each main chemical compositions content is suitable for, and harmony is suitable with check variety K326, 7. sensory evaluating smoking's quality close to or be equivalent to check variety K326.

In the present invention, sterile line propagation and cross breeding seed technical essential are: 1. sterile line propagation father, the sowing maternal same period, transplant; The female parent of cross breeding seed is by locally producing the normal sowing of custom, transplanting, and male parent is divided the sowing of 3 phases, transplanted, and the sowing of the 1st phase, transplants than maternal Zao about 3 weeks, the sowing of the 2nd phase, transplants than maternal Zao about 1 week, and the 3rd phase was sowed, late about 1 week of transplanting ratio female parent; 2. male parent and female parent concentrate plantation respectively, must not father, maternal cover plant, companion planting; The father of sterile line propagation, planting of maternal ratio are 1:3-4; The father of cross breeding seed, planting of maternal ratio are 1:2-3; 3. the father of sterile line propagation, maternal planting density are line-spacing 120 ㎝, spacing in the rows 50 ㎝; The male parent planting density of cross breeding seed is line-spacing 130 ㎝, spacing in the rows 55 ㎝, and maternal planting density is line-spacing 120 ㎝, spacing in the rows 50 ㎝; 4. the father of sterile line propagation, maternal amount of nitrogen all execute purity nitrogen 1.5-2.5 kg/ mu than Production of Large Fields more; The maternal amount of nitrogen of cross breeding seed executes purity nitrogen 1.5-2.5 kg/ mu than Production of Large Fields more, and male parent amount of nitrogen is than Production of Large Fields Shaoshi purity nitrogen 0.5-1.0 kg/ mu; Sterile line propagation and cross breeding seed fertilising all require that N P and K proportioning is 1.0:1.0-1.5:3.0,2/3 nitrogen, potash fertilizer and all phosphate fertilizer be used as base fertilizer, in first 20 days of cultivation is spreaded manuer in holes in conjunction with ridging or bar is manured into soil, remaining fertilizer imposes in cultivation for latter 30 days; 5. divide 3-5 batch to pollinate according to the situation of blooming, individual plant pollination 100-150 piece, individual plant results capsule 80-120 is advisable.

According to technical scheme provided by the invention, the cultivation modulation technique main points of the excellent flue-cured tobacco crossbreed of incubation are: 1. nitrogen requirement is all few than contrast K326, applies fertilizer to control nitrogen for master, steady phosphorus, increasing potassium; The ground, gentle slope that the level ground of middle fertility, notch soil, fertility are higher, execute pure nitrogen level 4.5 Kg for every mu, N P and K proportioning is 1:1.2:3.0; Soil stickiness is heavier, the tobacco-growing soil that Labile soil organic carbon is high, and execute pure nitrogen level 4 Kg for every mu, N P and K proportioning is 1:1.5:3.0; , soil layer heavier containing sand grains is compared with level ground, the ground, gentle slope of book, and the gradient is higher than the steep hillslope of more than 15 DEG C, and preserve moisture and fertility power is poor, and fertilizer is easy to the tobacco-growing soil of loss, and execute pure nitrogen level 5.0 Kg for every mu, N P and K proportioning is 1:1.0:2.5; Supplemental proportion is 7:3; Topdress and require to transplant to have executed for latter about 25 days to be advisable; 2., compared with contrast K326, all need within 5-7 days in advance, transplant; Are advisable in mountain region, vega Transplanting Density every mu of 1100 strains that basic fertility is low, row, spacing in the rows control at 1.1 m × 0.50 m; Cigarette district, Plain, vega Transplanting Density every mu of 1000 strains that fertility is high are advisable, and row, spacing in the rows control at 1.2 m × 0.55 m; 3. transplant and destroy footing leaf 3-4 sheet in conjunction with cultivation and banking in latter about 25 days; The flowers are in blossom at Yan Zhu center disposable flat-top when putting 70-80%, destroy 2 transition leaves below inflorescence, according to soil fertility determination leaves remained, fertility better plot individual plant stays leaf 20-22 sheet, middle fertility plot individual plant stays leaf 19-21 sheet, and fertility lower block individual plant stays leaf 17-19 sheet; 4. upper leaf wants abundant maturation to gather, and compared with check variety K326, on the basis reaching K326 upper leaf ripeness standard, delays to gather for 5-7 days; 5. the fresh leaf water content of crossbreed because being bred as is large, master pulse is thicker, to note in changing yellow stage steady temperature time delay during baking, strengthen hydrofuge, dry bulb 39 DEG C, until end canopy tobacco leaf reaches flavescence requirement, tobacco drying degree reached Microsoft's state, dry bulb 42 DEG C the proper extension time, the proper extension time, tobacco leaf reached completely wilting until tobacco leaf is basic complete yellow.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

(1) the present invention with the high-quality of producing upper large area and using, adaptability is good, integral economic trait is good but the male sterile of the conventional variety of comprehensive disease resistance difference is maternal, baking property general or better but comprehensive disease resistance good can breeding material be male parent, to solve F1 generation crossbreed insufficient quality, problem that adaptability is wideless; It is the hereditary capacity of dominant Dominant gene according to tobacco TMV and climacteric spot disease simultaneously, the principle of Parent resistance complementation is adopted to choose male parent, namely the male parent selected must resist TMV and climacteric spot disease, to overcome maternal defect in TMV and weather spot disease resistance; Be recessive controlled by multiple genes according to black shank, and there is the genetic characteristics of additive effect, if the parent selected only has the anti-balck shank of a side, then F1 generation crossbreed does not have black shank fastness, therefore the female parent selected and male parent all must at least in anti-balck shank, to ensure the resistance of F1 generation crossbreed to balck shank.The polymerization of multiple excellent proterties such as adopting this group mode, achieve high-quality, hold concurrently anti-foliage disease and tubers disease, adaptability are good and adding up, significantly enhances flue-cured tobacco breeding efficiency.

(2) the present invention utilizes repeating transmission plot or the region of producing region different diseases, the combination of the F1 generation of preparation is carried out simultaneously the Resistance Identification on the spot of different diseases in producing region, select unrooted stem disease morbidity history and the lighter plot of virus disease morbidity simultaneously, Ji Characters Identification of passing through is combined into F1 generation.And then the outstanding F1 generation crossbreed of can hold concurrently anti-different diseases and Economic Characters carries out multispots trial, to identify its quality and adaptability.Adopt this way, improve the determination rates to F1 generation combination, the breeding time limit is shortened 1-2.

(3) the present invention directly utilizes producing region different diseases to fall ill heavier plot or region, Screening and Identification is on the spot carried out to F1 generation combination, the kind cultivated is more targeted, and the limited difficulty of tobacco breeding unit Disease identification garden condition can be overcome, there is reference to the breeding units lacking multiple diseases qualification condition.

Utilize the method for the invention, we have been bred as multiple flue-cured tobacco crossbreed such as HB013, HB029, HB061, HB112 in recent years, and its quality of tobacco is close or suitable with check variety K326, double anti-TMV, weather spot disease and balck shank, adaptability and integral economic trait do very well.Wherein HB029 is by country's authorization, and HB061 is evaluated by National agricultural, HB013 and HB112 is by provincial agricultural evaluation.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the procedure of breeding figure of a kind of how anti-flue-cured tobacco hybrid seed breeding method of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is plant type, the leaf and field growing way appearance of the flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB013 adopting the method for the invention to cultivate;

Fig. 3 is plant type, the leaf and field growing way appearance of the flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB029 adopting the method for the invention to cultivate;

Fig. 4 is plant type, the leaf and field growing way appearance of the flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB061 adopting the method for the invention to cultivate;

Fig. 5 is plant type, the leaf and field growing way appearance of the flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB112 adopting the method for the invention to cultivate.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.The test method used in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.

Embodiment one: be maternal, CV87 inbred pure line for male parent is bred as flue-cured tobacco elite hybrid HB013 with MS Zhongyan-100.

1, breeding objective is formulated:

Ecological and the working condition for Hubei Tobacco Growing Regions, to overcome conventional variety Zhongyan-100 susceptible TMV that cured tobacco production uses and weather spot disease is attached most importance to, seed selection is best in quality, hold concurrently anti-TMV, weather spot disease and balck shank, yielding ability and yield stability are good, the flue-cured tobacco crossbreed of suitable Hubei Tobacco Growing Regions establishing in large scale.

2, parental source and characteristic:

Maternal MS Zhongyan-100: tobacco research institute of Hubei Province with flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MS G28 for female parent, with produce upper use best in quality, adaptability good, high resistance rust, in anti-balck shank but sense TMV and the conventional variety Zhongyan-100 of weather spot disease for male parent, carry out hybridization and obtain male sterile F1 generation, then utilize numerous and local breeding base, south, with male parent Zhongyan-100 for recurrent parent to this F1 continuously under the large south of climate difference, the two kinds of environment in the north alternate cycles carry out roguing and backcross, obtain flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MS Zhongyan-100 through 8 generations that backcrossed.This male sterile line strain formula tubular, on average pinch plant height 104.2cm, leaves remained 21.2, the long 59.6cm of waist leaf, wide 30.4cm, leaf wide ellipse, growing stage about 117 days, resistance to fertilizer; High resistance rust, in anti-balck shank, sense TMV, weather spot disease and bacterial wilt; Tobacco leaf-layering falls yellow good, easily toasts; After roasting, former cigarette color is golden yellow, and gloss is strong, evenness, and oil content is more, and blade construction loosens; Main chemical compositions is coordinated; Former cigarette smokes panel test aroma quality better, and perfume quantity is comparatively sufficient, jealous pure.

Male parent CV87 inbred pure line: tobacco research institute of Hubei Province retransmits plot conventional cured tobacco production plantation in season in locality to the educated germ plasm resource of existing nonproductive upper use at black shank, these germ plasm resources of repetitive identified are to the resistance of balck shank in batches, and retransmit district's conventional cured tobacco production plantation in season in locality at tobacco TMV and weather spot disease, these germ plasm resources of repetitive identified are to the resistance of TMV and weather spot disease in batches, anti-balck shank in therefrom filtering out and high resistance TMV and weather spot disease can breeding material CV87, then utilize numerous and local breeding base, south, with can breeding material CV87 for source material, be breeding objective according to " field fall yellow Mature property better ", continuously in the south that climate difference is large, under the two kinds of environment in the north, alternate cycles carries out roguing selfing purifying, anti-balck shank and high resistance TMV and weather spot disease in 6 generations selfing purifying obtains, the CV87 inbred pure line of the inheritance stability that baking property is general.This inbred pure line strain formula turriform, pinch plant height 88.9cm, leaves number 18.5, the long 79.0cm of waist leaf, wide 39.1cm, leaf ellipse, and blade is partially thin, growing stage about 112 days, not resistance to fertilizer; To TMV immunity, high resistance weather spot disease and rust, anti-balck shank; Baking property is general.

3, the selection of crossbreed and process:

2006, in tobacco research institute of Lichuan City, Hubei Province Hubei Province proving ground, with the male sterile line MS Zhongyan-100 cultivated for female parent, with select can breeding material CV87 inbred pure line for male parent, preparing hybrid combination HB013.

2007 retransmit district at Fang County of Hubei Province TMV and weather spot disease respectively, Zaoyang City, Hubei Province balck shank retransmits plot, the qualification of TMV, weather spot disease and black shank fastness is carried out to HB013 simultaneously, 3 repetitions are all set, and with national flue-cured tobacco regional test check variety K326 for qualification check variety, found that, HB013 is at Fang County TMV and weather spot disease qualification point, do not feel TMV and weather spot disease completely, and contrast K326 double infection TMV and weather spot disease, wherein TMV disease index is 77.78; HB013 is at Zaoyang City balck shank qualification point, and the morbidity compared with contrast K326 of balck shank incidence is comparatively light, and wherein HB013 disease index is 26.20, and K326 disease index is 32.41.While identifying Disease Resistance on the spot, the small plot experiment repeated for 3 times has been arranged in tobacco research institute of Lichuan City Hubei Province proving ground, also be contrast with K326, result shows, HB013 has outstanding performance in 48 parts of F1 generation combination approval tests, and compared with check variety K326, per mu yield improves 48.40%, per mu yield value improves 60.98%, and good smoke rate improves 9.0 percentage points (table 1).

The Economic Characters of table 1 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB013 in F1 generation combination qualification in 2007

Because HB013 shows high resistance TMV and weather spot disease in F1 generation combination qualification in 2007, and check variety K326 is better than to black shank fastness, per mu yield, per mu yield value and good smoke rate are also significantly higher than contrast K326, therefore, within 2008 and 2009, arrange multispots trial, investigate the Regional suitability of HB013, and gather cured tobacco leaf sample and carry out chemical composition detection and sensory evaluating smoking.2008, HB013 in Xuanen, the Emperor XianFeng, Lichuan, Fang County's 4 pilots result of the test show, the performance of each point integral economic trait is all significantly better than contrast K326, and per mu yield, per mu yield value and good smoke rate comparatively contrast raising 3.20%, 14.91% and 1.9 percentage points respectively; 2009, HB013 in Xuanen, the east of Sichuan, Lichuan, Fang County's 4 pilots result of the test show, the performance of each point integral economic trait is also all significantly better than contrast K326, and per mu yield, per mu yield value and good smoke rate comparatively contrast raising 13.66%, 17.92% and 5.08 percentage points (table 2) respectively.The testing result of tobacco research institute of Hubei Province to cured tobacco leaf chemical composition shows, every year performance was suitable at 2008 and 2009 for HB013 Chemical Components of Tobacco Leaves content, harmony with contrast K326 suitable (table 3).Invite the smoking result of cigarette industry relevant technologies composition of personnel expert group to the former cigarette of HB013 to show, in 4 pilots of 2008,1 pilot is better than contrasting K326,2 pilots with contrast suitable, 1 pilot is worse than and contrasts K326; In 4 pilots of 2009,1 pilot is better than contrast, 1 pilot with contrast suitable, 2 pilots are worse than contrast.All in all, HB013 aesthetic quality close to or with contrast K326 suitable (table 4).

The Economic Characters of table 2 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB013 in 2008 and multispots trial in 2009

The chemical composition performance of table 3 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB013 in 2008 and multispots trial in 2009

The sensory evaluating smoking quality performance of table 4 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB013 in 2008 and multispots trial in 2009

The Economic Characters of table 5 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB013 in production test in 2010

Due to HB013 in the multispots trial of continuous 2 years, all show as that adaptability is good, the suitable and harmony of main chemical compositions with contrast quite, sensory evaluating smoking's quality close to or with contrast suitable, therefore, production test and the research of corresponding cultivation modulation technique within 2010, has been arranged.HB013 shows same excellent in production test, Economic Characters is suitable with check variety K326 in test site, Lichuan, in Xuanen, point is slightly worse than contrast, and being all better than contrast in Fang County and Baokang two test sites, average yield, the output value and good smoke rate improve 6.85%, 11.42% and 5.21 percentage points (table 5) than contrast K326 respectively.The graduate chemical composition of Zhengzhou tobacco detects and smoking result shows, it is suitable that HB013 Chemical Components of Tobacco Leaves content in 2010 all shows in each test site, harmony with contrast K326 suitable (table 6), sensory evaluating smoking's quality with contrast suitable (table 7).Within 2012, this crossbreed is by provincial agricultural evaluation.

The chemical composition performance of table 6 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB013 in production test in 2010

The aesthetic quality performance of table 7 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB013 in production test in 2010

The feature of 4, improved crossing kind HB013

HB013 strain formula turriform, plant height of on average pinching is 100.4 cm, leaves number 19.4, waist leaf long 71.4 ㎝, wide 32.0 ㎝, leaf ellipse, and master pulse is comparatively thick, growing stage 112 days; Tobacco leaf-layering falls yellow obvious, resistance to ripe easily roasting; High resistance TMV and weather spot disease, in anti-balck shank and rust; Strong adaptability; Average yield over the years is 161.49 ㎏/mu, improves 14.66% than contrast K326; The output value is 2013.88 yuan/mu, than contrast raising 12.93%; Good smoke rate is 29.74%, a little more than contrast; Former cigarette color is golden yellow, and maturity is good, and blade construction loosens, and identity is partially thin, and oil content is many, and colourity is on the weak side; Testing result over the years shows, nicotine content of tobacco leaves average out to 2.03% over the years in the middle part of HB013, content of reducing sugar average out to 25.95% over the years, upper tobacco leaf nicotine content average out to 2.60% over the years, content of reducing sugar average out to 25.50 over the years, in tobacco leaf, each main chemical compositions content is suitable, harmony is suitable with K326; Zhengzhou tobacco research institute smoking result shows, aesthetic quality is suitable with check variety K326.

5, the breeding of male sterile line MS Zhongyan-100 and crossbreed HB013 seeding technique main points:

(1) seed-breeding field requires: selection isolation condition is good, physical features is smooth, fertility is better-than-average, sunny, irrigation and drainage raw stub land block easily, in good time winter ploughing.

(2) Parent planting proportion: sterile line propagation father, planting of maternal ratio are 1:3-4, cross breeding seed father, planting of maternal ratio are 1:2-3.Male parent and maternal separately concentrate plantation respectively, forbids father, maternal cover to be planted, companion planting, to gather management in order to avoid affect later stage capsule.

(3) planting density and fertilising: sterile line propagation father, maternal planting density are line-spacing 120 ㎝, spacing in the rows 50 ㎝; Cross breeding seed male parent planting density is line-spacing 130 ㎝, spacing in the rows 55 ㎝, and maternal planting density is line-spacing 120 ㎝, spacing in the rows 50 ㎝.Sterile line propagation father, maternal fertilizing amount want foot, and amount of nitrogen all executes purity nitrogen 1.5-2.5 kg/ mu than Production of Large Fields more; The maternal amount of nitrogen of cross breeding seed executes purity nitrogen 1.5-2.5 kg/ mu than Production of Large Fields more, and male parent amount of nitrogen is than Production of Large Fields Shaoshi purity nitrogen 0.5-1.0 kg/ mu; Sterile line propagation and cross breeding seed fertilising all require that N P and K proportioning is 1.0:1.0-1.5:3.0,2/3 nitrogen, potash fertilizer and all phosphate fertilizer be used as base fertilizer, in first 20 days of cultivation is spreaded manuer in holes in conjunction with ridging or bar is manured into soil, remaining fertilizer imposes in cultivation for latter 30 days; Must guard against partially execute, many nitrogen fertilizer applications.

(4) florescence alternation: sterile line propagation father, the maternal sowing same period, transplanting; Cross breeding seed female parent is by local producing the normal sowing of custom, transplanting, and male parent is divided the sowing of 3 phases, transplanted, and the sowing of the 1st phase, transplants than maternal Zao about 3 weeks, the sowing of the 2nd phase, transplants than maternal Zao about 1 week, and the 3rd phase was sowed, late about 1 week of transplanting ratio female parent;

(5) roguing: check father, maternal cigarette group of hill body in time, does not allly possess father, the mixing of maternal typical proterties, makes a variation, sick, weak, weak plant, and pinching as early as possible without exception or pulling out focuses on.This is operated in cigarette strain and carries out the time of infertility, before namely most critical buddings period and before just spending.

(6) field management: according to local disease pests occurrence rule, to female, that male parent does not possess resistance Major Diseases, takes medicament to prevent in advance.Post flowering, morning smears, duty smears below the main inflorescence of maternal cigarette strain side shoot and cigarette wooden fork, retain less than 3 and 3, top 2-3 branch flower wooden fork, prohibit the use Suckering agents class medicine.

(7) hybridization pollination: full-bloom stage concentrates pollination.During fine day 9-12 in the morning or 15-18 in afternoon time, flower is without dew, and style is light green yellow, secretion have mucus to be best pollination time.Award rear shower or award the non-blackening of style in latter 24 hours, the non-atrophy of filigree, should mend in time and award.For guaranteeing seed quality, divide 3-5 batch to pollinate according to the situation of blooming, individual plant pollination 100-150 piece, individual plant results capsule 80-120 is advisable.

(8) capsule is gathered: note medicament insect protected 2-3 time in seed maturity process.Note during seed harvest avoiding mixing, the mature condition according to seed is gathered in batches, by fruit, accomplishes ripe a collection of, gathers a collection of.For guaranteeing vigor and the quality of seed, the capsule of results should be dried in the shade in airing in time, prevent from going mouldy.

6, crossbreed HB013 corresponding cultivation and modulation technique main points:

(1) this crossbreed well developed root system, nitrogen requirement is fewer than contrast K326.Fertilising is control nitrogen, and steady phosphorus, increasing potassium, organicly match with inorganic fertilizer.The ground, gentle slope that the level ground of middle fertility, notch soil, fertility are higher, execute pure nitrogen level 4.5 Kg for every mu, N P and K proportioning is 1:1.2:3.0; Soil stickiness is heavier, the tobacco-growing soil that Labile soil organic carbon is high, and execute pure nitrogen level 4 Kg for every mu, N P and K proportioning is 1:1.5:3.0; , soil layer heavier containing sand grains is compared with level ground, the ground, gentle slope of book, and the gradient is higher than the steep hillslope of more than 15 DEG C, and preserve moisture and fertility power is poor, and fertilizer is easy to the tobacco-growing soil of loss, and execute pure nitrogen level 5.0 Kg for every mu, N P and K proportioning is 1:1.0:2.5.Supplemental proportion is 7:3.Topdress and require comparatively early, to transplant to have executed to topdress for latter about 25 days and be advisable.

(2) compared with contrast K326, transplanting in 5 ~ 7 days need be shifted to an earlier date.Are advisable in mountain region, vega Transplanting Density every mu of 1100 strains that basic fertility is low, row, spacing in the rows control at 1.1 m × 0.50 m; Cigarette district, Plain, vega Transplanting Density every mu of 1000 strains that fertility is high are advisable, and row, spacing in the rows control at 1.2 m × 0.55 m.

(3) transplant latter about 25 days combination intertillage earthing and destroy footing leaf 3-4 sheet.The flowers are in blossom at Yan Zhu center disposable flat-top when putting 70-80%, destroy 2 transition leaves below inflorescence, according to soil fertility determination leaves remained, fertility better plot individual plant stays leaf 20-22 sheet, middle fertility plot individual plant stays leaf 19-21 sheet, and fertility lower block individual plant stays leaf 17-19 sheet.

(4), in Production of Large Fields process, focus on preventing and treating bacterial wilt.

(5) upper leaf wants abundant maturation to gather, and compared with check variety K326, on the basis reaching K326 upper leaf ripeness standard, delays to gather for 5-7 days.

(6) because the fresh leaf water content of this crossbreed is large, master pulse is thicker, to note in changing yellow stage steady temperature time delay during baking, strengthen hydrofuge, dry bulb 39 DEG C, until end canopy tobacco leaf reaches flavescence requirement, tobacco drying degree reached Microsoft's state, dry bulb 42 DEG C the proper extension time, the proper extension time, tobacco leaf reached completely wilting until tobacco leaf is basic complete yellow; Will reduce in the fixation dry plate stage and rise wet speed, avoid poor sheet cigarette, at 48 DEG C, the proper extension time, without blue veins, tobacco drying degree is minimum reached little reel until vein is entirely yellow; At 54 DEG C, the proper extension time is to blade dry plate; At 68 DEG C, steady temperature is steady wet until the whole dry muscle of tobacco leaf.

Embodiment two: take MSK326 as maternal, K8 inbred pure line be that male parent is bred as flue-cured tobacco elite hybrid HB029.

1, breeding objective is formulated:

Ecological and the working condition for Hubei Tobacco Growing Regions, attach most importance to overcome main breed K326 susceptible TMV and weather spot disease in cured tobacco production, seed selection is best in quality, hold concurrently anti-TMV, weather spot disease and balck shank, yielding ability and yield stability are good, the flue-cured tobacco crossbreed of suitable Hubei Tobacco Growing Regions establishing in large scale.

2, parental source and characteristic:

Maternal MS K326: tobacco research institute of Hubei Province with flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MS G28 for female parent, with produce upper use best in quality, adaptability good, in anti-balck shank but the conventional variety K326 of susceptible TMV and weather spot disease for male parent, carry out hybridization and obtain male sterile F1 generation, then utilize numerous and local breeding base, south, with male parent K326 for recurrent parent to this F1 continuously under the large south of climate difference, the two kinds of environment in the north alternate cycles carry out roguing and backcross, obtain flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MSK326 through 8 generations that backcrossed.This male sterile line strain formula tubular, average plant height 133.4 cm, leave number about 24, and waist leaf long 63.9 cm, wide 25.8 cm, leaf ellipse, blade thickness is moderate, growing stage about 122 days, resistance to fertilizer.In anti-balck shank, bacterial wilt, susceptible TMV, PVY and climatic type spot disease.Blade layering falls yellow good, easily toasts.Junior tobacco leaf presentation quality is good, and main chemical compositions is coordinated, and former cigarette smokes panel test that aroma quality is good, perfume quantity foot, jealous pure.

Male parent K8 inbred pure line: tobacco research institute of Hubei Province retransmits plot conventional cured tobacco production plantation in season in locality to the educated germ plasm resource of existing nonproductive upper use at black shank, these germ plasm resources of repetitive identified are to the resistance of balck shank in batches, and retransmit district's conventional cured tobacco production plantation in season in locality at tobacco TMV and weather spot disease, these germ plasm resources of repetitive identified are to the resistance of TMV and weather spot disease in batches, anti-balck shank in therefrom filtering out and high resistance TMV and weather spot disease can breeding material K8, then utilize numerous and local breeding base, south, with can breeding material K8 for source material, be breeding objective according to " field fall yellow Mature property better ", continuously in the south that climate difference is large, under the two kinds of environment in the north, alternate cycles carries out roguing selfing purifying, anti-balck shank and high resistance TMV and weather spot disease in 6 generations selfing purifying obtains, the K8 inbred pure line of the good inheritance stability of baking property.This inbred pure line strain formula turriform, average plant height 98.4 cm, leave number about 20, and waist leaf long 74.6 cm, wide 33.0 cm, leaf ellipse, blade is partially thin, growing stage about 117 days, not resistance to fertilizer.To TMV immunity, high resistance weather spot disease, anti-balck shank.Baking property is better.

3, the selection of crossbreed and process:

2006, in tobacco research institute of Lichuan City, Hubei Province Hubei Province proving ground, with the male sterile line MS K326 cultivated for female parent, with select can breeding material K8 inbred pure line for male parent, preparing hybrid combination HB029.

2007 retransmit district at Fang County of Hubei Province TMV and weather spot disease respectively, Zaoyang City, Hubei Province balck shank retransmits plot, the qualification of TMV, weather spot disease and black shank fastness is carried out to HB029 simultaneously, 3 repetitions are all set, and with national flue-cured tobacco regional test check variety K326 for qualification check variety, found that, HB029 is at Fang County TMV and weather spot disease qualification point, do not feel TMV and weather spot disease completely, and contrast K326 double infection TMV and weather spot disease, wherein TMV disease index is 77.78; HB029 is at Zaoyang City balck shank qualification point, and the morbidity compared with contrast K326 of balck shank incidence is comparatively light, and wherein HB029 disease index is 10.65, and K326 disease index is 32.41.While identifying Disease Resistance on the spot, the small plot experiment repeated for 3 times has been arranged in tobacco research institute of Lichuan City Hubei Province proving ground, also be contrast with K326, result shows, HB029 has outstanding performance in 48 parts of F1 generation combination approval tests, and compared with check variety K326, per mu yield improves 28.62%, per mu yield value improves 27.30%, and good smoke rate improves 5.6 percentage points (table 8).

The Economic Characters of table 8 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB029 in F1 generation combination qualification in 2007

Because HB029 shows high resistance TMV and weather spot disease in F1 generation combination qualification in 2007, and check variety K326 is better than to black shank fastness, per mu yield, per mu yield value and good smoke rate are also significantly higher than contrast K326, therefore, within 2008 and 2009, arrange multispots trial, investigate the Regional suitability of HB029, and gather cured tobacco leaf sample and carry out chemical composition detection and sensory evaluating smoking.2008, HB029 in Xuanen, the Emperor XianFeng, Lichuan, Fang County's 4 pilots result of the test show, the performance of each point integral economic trait is all significantly better than contrast K326, and per mu yield, per mu yield value and good smoke rate comparatively contrast raising 10.16%, 24.48% and 3.30 percentage points respectively; 2009, HB029 in Xuanen, the east of Sichuan, Lichuan, Fang County's 4 pilots result of the test show, the performance of each point integral economic trait is also all significantly better than contrast K326, and per mu yield, per mu yield value and good smoke rate comparatively contrast raising 11.83%, 14.39% and 4.99 percentage points (table 9) respectively.The testing result of tobacco research institute of Hubei Province to cured tobacco leaf chemical composition shows, every year performance was suitable at 2008 and 2009 for HB029 Chemical Components of Tobacco Leaves content, harmony with contrast K326 suitable (table 10).Invite the smoking result of cigarette industry relevant technologies composition of personnel expert group to the former cigarette of HB029 to show, in 4 pilots of 2008,2 pilots are better than contrasting K326, and 2 pilots are worse than contrast K326; In 4 pilots of 2009,2 pilots are better than contrast, 1 pilot with contrast suitable, 1 pilot is worse than contrast.All in all, HB029 aesthetic quality be slightly better than contrast K326 or with contrast suitable (table 11).

The Economic Characters of table 9 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB029 in 2008 and multispots trial in 2009

The chemical composition performance of table 10 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB029 in 2008 and multispots trial in 2009

Due to HB029 in the multispots trial of continuous 2 years, all show as that adaptability is good, the suitable and harmony of main chemical compositions with contrast quite, sensory evaluating smoking's quality be slightly better than contrasting or with contrast suitable, therefore, production test and the research of corresponding cultivation modulation technique within 2010, has been arranged.HB029 shows same excellent in production test, Economic Characters is suitable with check variety K326 in test site, Lichuan, in Xuanen, point is slightly worse than contrast, and be all better than contrast at Xing Shan and Baokang two test sites, average yield, the output value improve 7.23% and 5.54% than contrast K326 respectively, good smoke rate with contrast suitable (table 12).The graduate chemical composition of Zhengzhou tobacco detects and smoking result shows, it is suitable that HB029 Chemical Components of Tobacco Leaves content in 2010 all shows in each test site, harmony with contrast K326 suitable (table 13), sensory evaluating smoking's quality with contrast suitable (table 14).Therefore, the national region test of the recommended participation of this kind 2011 and 2012, within 2013, evaluated by National agricultural, 2015 by country's authorization.

The sensory evaluating smoking quality performance of table 11 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB029 in 2008 and multispots trial in 2009

The Economic Characters of table 12 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB029 in production test in 2010

The chemical composition performance of table 13 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB029 in production test in 2010

The aesthetic quality performance of table 14 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB029 in production test in 2010

The feature of 4, improved crossing kind HB029

HB029 strain formula turriform, on average pinch plant height 106 cm, leaves number 21, waist leaf long 77.0 cm, wide 33.7 cm, leaf ellipse, and master pulse is comparatively thick, and layering falls yellow feature obviously, and Mature property is good, growing stage average out to 124.5 days.High resistance TMV and weather spot disease, in anti-balck shank, middle sense bacterial wilt, rust and PVY; Drought resistance is comparatively strong, not resistance to fertilizer.Comprehensive result of the test for many years, HB029 per mu yield 161.08 Kg, per mu yield is worth 2561.62 yuan, and improve 6.89% and 10.1% than contrast K326 respectively, average first-class cigarette ratio is 32.96%, than contrast raising 2.56 percentage points.How golden yellow former cigarette color is, and maturity is good, and blade construction loosens, and in identity, isogonic is thin, and oil content has, and colourity is medium.Overall appearance quality is slightly better than check variety K326 or suitable with K326; Testing result over the years shows, nicotine content of tobacco leaves average out to 2.28% in the middle part of HB029, content of reducing sugar average out to 23.09%, upper tobacco leaf nicotine content average out to 2.90%, content of reducing sugar average out to 21.87%, on the whole, in tobacco leaf, each main chemical compositions content is suitable for, and harmony is with to contrast K326 suitable; Former cigarette sensory evaluating smoking quality scale is medium ~ on the upper side, overall sucking quality close to or suitable with check variety K326.

5, male sterile line MSK326 breeds and crossbreed HB029 seeding technique main points:

With embodiment one.

6, the cultivation modulation technique main points of crossbreed HB029:

The fertilising tested according to multiple years and assist and baked test, the corresponding cultivation of HB029 and modulation technique main points are with embodiment one.

Embodiment three: be maternal, K8 inbred pure line for male parent is bred as flue-cured tobacco elite hybrid HB061 with cigarette in MS 103.

1, breeding objective is formulated:

Ecological and the working condition for Hubei Tobacco Growing Regions, attach most importance to overcome cigarette 103 susceptible TMV and weather spot disease in conventional variety that cured tobacco production uses, seed selection is best in quality, hold concurrently anti-TMV, weather spot disease and balck shank, yielding ability and yield stability are good, the flue-cured tobacco crossbreed of suitable Hubei Tobacco Growing Regions establishing in large scale.

2, parental source and characteristic:

Cigarette 103 in maternal MS: tobacco research institute of Hubei Province with flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MS G28 for female parent, with produce upper use best in quality, adaptability good, in anti-balck shank but in the conventional variety of susceptible TMV and weather spot disease cigarette 103 for male parent, carry out hybridization and obtain male sterile F1 generation, then utilize numerous and local breeding base, south, with cigarette in male parent 103 be recurrent parent to this F1 continuously under the large south of climate difference, the two kinds of environment in the north alternate cycles carry out roguing and backcross, obtain cigarette 103 in flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MS through 8 generations that backcrossed.This male sterile line strain formula tubular, on average pinch plant height about 120.0cm, leaves number 20.3, the long 64.5cm of waist leaf, wide 33.5cm, leaf ellipse, and master pulse is slightly thick, resistance to ripe easily roasting, growing stage about 120 days; In anti-balck shank, susceptible TMV, PVY, bacterial wilt, rust and weather spot disease; Integral economic trait is good; After roasting, how orange former cigarette is, and tobacco leaf presentation quality is totally better than K326; Tobacco leaf chemical composition content is suitable, eurythmy; The quality scale of sensory evaluating smoking's quality and K326 is suitable.

Male parent K8 inbred pure line: Breeding Process and characteristic are with embodiment two.

3, the selection of crossbreed and process:

2008, in tobacco research institute of Lichuan City, Hubei Province Hubei Province proving ground, with cigarette in the male sterile line MS cultivated 103 for maternal, with select can breeding material K8 inbred pure line for male parent, preparing hybrid combination HB061.

2009 retransmit district at Fang County of Hubei Province TMV and weather spot disease respectively, Zaoyang City, Hubei Province balck shank retransmits plot, the qualification of TMV, weather spot disease and black shank fastness is carried out to HB061 simultaneously, 3 repetitions are all set, and with national flue-cured tobacco regional test check variety K326 for qualification check variety, found that, HB061 is at Fang County TMV and weather spot disease qualification point, do not feel TMV and weather spot disease completely, and contrast K326 double infection TMV and weather spot disease, wherein TMV disease index is 54.63; HB061 at Zaoyang City balck shank qualification point, balck shank incidence with contrast K326 quite, wherein HB061 disease index is 25.10, K326 disease index is 24.16.While identifying Disease Resistance on the spot, the small plot experiment repeated for 3 times has experimental field been arranged on slope, Enshi City Wangcheng, also be contrast with K326, result shows, HB061 has outstanding performance in 9 parts of F1 generation combination approval tests, and compared with check variety K326, per mu yield improves 45.47%, per mu yield value improves 39.00%, and good smoke rate improves 2.5 percentage points (table 15).

The Economic Characters of table 15 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB061 in F1 generation combination qualification in 2009

Because HB061 shows high resistance TMV and weather spot disease in F1 generation combination qualification in 2009, and it is suitable with check variety K326 to black shank fastness, per mu yield, per mu yield value and good smoke rate are also apparently higher than contrast K326, therefore, within 2010 and 2011, arrange multispots trial, investigate the Regional suitability of HB061, and gather cured tobacco leaf sample and carry out chemical composition detection and sensory evaluating smoking.2010, HB061 in Xuanen, Lichuan, Xing Shan, Fang County, Baokang 5 pilots result of the test show, the performance of each point integral economic trait is all significantly better than contrast K326, and per mu yield and per mu yield value comparatively contrast raising 7.52% and 7.01% respectively, good smoke rate with contrast suitable; 2011, HB061 in Xuanen, Lichuan, Xing Shan, Fang County, Baokang 5 pilots result of the test show, the performance of each point integral economic trait is also all significantly better than contrast K326, and per mu yield, per mu yield value and good smoke rate comparatively contrast raising 29.41%, 37.32% and 4.11 percentage points (table 16) respectively.The testing result of tobacco research institute of Hubei Province to cured tobacco leaf chemical composition shows, every year performance was suitable at 2010 and 2011 for HB061 Chemical Components of Tobacco Leaves content, harmony with contrast K326 suitable (table 17).Invite the smoking result of cigarette industry relevant technologies composition of personnel expert group to the former cigarette of HB061 to show, in 5 pilots of 2010,3 pilots with contrast K326 quite, 2 pilots are worse than contrast; In 5 pilots of 2011,1 pilot is better than contrast, 3 pilots with contrast suitable, 1 pilot is worse than contrast.All in all, HB061 aesthetic quality close to or with contrast K326 suitable (table 11).

The Economic Characters of table 16 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB061 in 2010 and multispots trial in 2011

The middle part tobacco leaf chemical composition performance of table 17 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB061 in 2010 and multispots trial in 2011

The sensory evaluating smoking quality performance of table 18 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB061 in 2010 and multispots trial in 2011

Due to HB061 in the multispots trial of continuous 2 years, all show as that adaptability is good, the suitable and harmony of main chemical compositions with contrast quite, sensory evaluating smoking's quality close to or with contrast suitable, therefore, production test and the research of corresponding cultivation modulation technique within 2012, has been arranged.HB061 shows same excellent in production test, Economic Characters is suitable with check variety K326 in Xing Shan test site, in Xuanen, Lichuan and test site, Nanzhang be all better than contrast, average yield, the output value improve 16.52% and 15.58% than contrast K326 respectively, and good smoke rate is than contrast raising 10.26 percentage points (table 19).The chemical composition testing result of tobacco research institute of Hubei Province shows, it is suitable that HB061 Chemical Components of Tobacco Leaves content in 2012 all shows in each test site, harmony with contrast K326 quite (table 20), the smoking result of cigarette industry relevant technologies composition of personnel expert group to the former cigarette of HB061 is invited to show, except Xing Shan test site is slightly worse than contrast K326, other test sites HB061 tobacco leaf sensory evaluating smoking quality be all better than or with contrast suitable (table 21).Therefore, the national region test of the recommended participation of this kind 2013 and 2014, is evaluated by National agricultural for 2015.

The Economic Characters of table 19 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB061 in production test in 2012

The chemical composition performance of table 20 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB061 in production test in 2012

The aesthetic quality performance of table 21 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB061 in production test in 2012

The feature of 4, improved crossing kind HB061

HB061 strain formula turriform, plant height of pinching is 108.5cm ~ 124.4cm, can picking leaves number 18.0 ~ 21.0, the long 72.3 ~ 86.0cm of waist leaf, wide 30.0 ~ 38.6cm, leaf ellipse, master pulse is thicker, layering falls yellow feature obviously, resistance to ripe easily roasting, growing stage 120 ~ 135 days; High resistance TMV and weather spot disease, in anti-balck shank and PVY, middle sense bacterial wilt; Drought resistance is comparatively strong, not resistance to fertilizer; Comprehensive result of the test for many years, HB061 per mu yield is 165.83Kg, and improve 20.05% than contrast K326, per mu yield value is 2114.55 yuan, and improve 23.53% than K326, first-class cigarette ratio is 24.09%, improves 4.69 percentage points than K326; Stability is very good, and adaptable area is wide.Former cigarette mostly is crocus, and short texture-Shang loosens, and identity is medium-slightly thin, and oil content, colourity are with to contrast K326 suitable with cloud and mist 87.Testing result over the years shows, nicotine content of tobacco leaves average out to 2.31% in the middle part of HB061, content of reducing sugar average out to 22.40%, and on the whole, in tobacco leaf, suitable, the ratio of various chemical composition content is comparatively coordinated.Aesthetic quality is close or be slightly better than check variety K326.

5, in male sterile line MS, cigarette 103 is bred and crossbreed HB061 seeding technique main points:

With embodiment one.

6, crossbreed HB061 corresponding cultivation and modulation technique main points:

The fertilising tested according to multiple years and assist and baked test, the corresponding cultivation of HB061 and modulation technique main points are with embodiment one.

Embodiment four: be maternal, K8 inbred pure line for male parent is bred as flue-cured tobacco elite hybrid HB112 with MS cloud and mist 87.

1, breeding objective is formulated:

Ecological and the working condition for Hubei Tobacco Growing Regions, attach most importance to overcome main breed cloud and mist 87 susceptible TMV and weather spot disease in cured tobacco production, seed selection is best in quality, hold concurrently anti-TMV, weather spot disease and balck shank, yielding ability and yield stability are good, the flue-cured tobacco crossbreed of suitable Hubei Tobacco Growing Regions establishing in large scale.

2, parental source and characteristic:

Maternal MS cloud and mist 87: tobacco research institute of Hubei Province with flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MS G28 for female parent, with produce upper use best in quality, adaptability good, in anti-balck shank and bacterial wilt but the conventional variety cloud and mist 87 of susceptible TMV and weather spot disease for male parent, carry out hybridization and obtain male sterile F1 generation, then utilize numerous and local breeding base, south, with male parent cloud and mist 87 be recurrent parent to this F1 continuously under the large south of climate difference, the two kinds of environment in the north alternate cycles carry out roguing and backcross, obtain flue-cured tobacco male sterile line MS cloud and mist 87 through 8 generations that backcrossed.This male sterile line strain formula tower is cartridge type after pinching, plant height 178 ~ 185 centimetres, plant height 110 ~ 118 centimetres of pinching, and land for growing field crops the raw number of blade 25 ~ 27, leaves number 18 ~ 20; Waist leaf oblong, long 73 ~ 82 centimetres, wide 28.2 ~ 34 centimetres, growing stage 110 ~ 115 days; Resistance to fertilizer, easily to bake; In anti-balck shank and bacterial wilt, susceptible TMV, climatic type spot disease and rust; Economic characters are better; Junior tobacco leaf presentation quality is good, and main chemical compositions is coordinated, and former cigarette judging parameter class is on the upper side in being.

Male parent K8 inbred pure line: Breeding Process and characteristic are with embodiment two.

3, the selection of crossbreed and process:

2008, in tobacco research institute of Lichuan City, Hubei Province Hubei Province proving ground, with the male sterile line MS cloud and mist 87 cultivated for maternal, with select can breeding material K8 inbred pure line for male parent, preparing hybrid combination HB112.

2009 retransmit district at Fang County of Hubei Province TMV and weather spot disease respectively, Zaoyang City, Hubei Province balck shank retransmits plot, the qualification of TMV, weather spot disease and black shank fastness is carried out to HB112 simultaneously, 3 repetitions are all set, and with national flue-cured tobacco regional test check variety K326 for qualification check variety, found that, HB112 is at Fang County TMV and weather spot disease qualification point, do not feel TMV and weather spot disease completely, and contrast K326 double infection TMV and weather spot disease, wherein TMV disease index is 54.63; HB112 at Zaoyang City balck shank qualification point, balck shank incidence with contrast K326 quite, wherein HB112 disease index is 22.60, K326 disease index is 24.16.While identifying Disease Resistance on the spot, the small plot experiment repeated for 3 times has experimental field been arranged on slope, Enshi City Wangcheng, also be contrast with K326, result shows, HB112 has outstanding performance in 54 parts of F1 generation combination approval tests, per mu yield is suitable with check variety K326, and per mu yield value is than contrast improve 17.00%, and good smoke rate improves 18.3 percentage points (table 22).Due to multispots trial material quantity restriction in 2010, proceed F1 generation combination qualification, result HB112 is same in 14 points of F1 generation combination approval tests equally to have outstanding performance for 2009, compared with check variety K326, per mu yield improves 85.43%, per mu yield value improves 161.80%, and good smoke rate improves 24.90 percentage points (table 22).

The Economic Characters of table 22 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB112 in 2009 and F1 generation combination qualification in 2010

Because HB112 shows high resistance TMV and weather spot disease in F1 generation combination qualification in 2009, and it is suitable with check variety K326 to black shank fastness, simultaneously in 2009 and F1 generation combination qualification in 2010, per mu yield, per mu yield value and good smoke rate are also apparently higher than contrast K326, therefore, within 2011 and 2012, arrange multispots trial, investigated the Regional suitability of HB112, and gathered cured tobacco leaf sample and carry out chemical composition detection and sensory evaluating smoking.2011, HB112 in Xuanen, Lichuan, Xing Shan, Fang County, Baokang 5 pilots result of the test show, the performance of each point integral economic trait is all significantly better than contrast K326, per mu yield and per mu yield value comparatively contrast raising 25.14% and 35.40% respectively, and good smoke rate comparatively contrasts raising 3.25 percentage points; 2012, HB112 in Xuanen, Lichuan, Xing Shan, Fang County, Baokang 5 pilots result of the test show, the performance of each point integral economic trait is also all significantly better than contrast K326, per mu yield and per mu yield value comparatively contrast raising 15.12% and 21.28% respectively, good smoke rate performance is lower slightly, comparatively contrasts low 4.10 percentage points (table 23).The testing result of tobacco research institute of Hubei Province to cured tobacco leaf chemical composition shows, every year performance was suitable at 2011 and 2012 for HB112 Chemical Components of Tobacco Leaves content, harmony with contrast K326 suitable (table 24).Invite the smoking result of cigarette industry relevant technologies composition of personnel expert group to the former cigarette of HB112 to show, in 5 pilots of 2011,2 pilots are better than contrasting K326, and 3 pilots are worse than contrast; In 5 pilots of 2012,4 pilots are better than contrast, and 1 pilot is worse than contrast.All in all, HB112 aesthetic quality with contrast K326 quite (table 25).

The Economic Characters of table 23 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB112 in 2011 and multispots trial in 2012

The middle part tobacco leaf chemical composition performance of table 24 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB112 in 2011 and multispots trial in 2012

The sensory evaluating smoking quality performance of table 25 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB112 in 2011 and multispots trial in 2012

Due to HB112 in the multispots trial of continuous 2 years, all show as that adaptability is good, the suitable and harmony of main chemical compositions with contrast quite, sensory evaluating smoking's quality with contrast suitable, therefore, within 2013, arranged production test and the research of corresponding cultivation modulation technique.HB112 shows same excellent in production test, Economic Characters is slightly worse than check variety K326 in Xuanen and test site, Lichuan, contrast is all better than in the Emperor XianFeng, the east of Sichuan, Xing Shan and Baokang test site, average yield, the output value improve 10.60% and 6.69% than contrast K326 respectively, and good smoke rate is than contrast raising 5.41 percentage points (table 26).The chemical composition testing result of tobacco research institute of Hubei Province shows, it is suitable that HB112 Chemical Components of Tobacco Leaves content in 2013 all shows in each test site, harmony with contrast K326 quite (table 27), the smoking result of cigarette industry relevant technologies composition of personnel expert group to the former cigarette of HB112 of Lichuan, the Emperor XianFeng, Xing Shan and Baokang 4 pilots is invited to show, Lichuan and Baokang test site are slightly worse than contrast K326, the Emperor XianFeng and Xing Shan test site are better than contrasting (table 28), on the whole, the former cigarette aesthetic quality of HB112 with contrast quite.Within 2014, this crossbreed is by provincial agricultural evaluation.

The Economic Characters of table 26 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB112 in production test in 2013

The chemical composition performance of table 27 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB112 in production test in 2013

The aesthetic quality performance of table 28 flue-cured tobacco crossbreed HB112 in production test in 2013

The feature of 4, improved crossing kind HB112

HB112 strain formula turriform, on average pinch plant height 108.74 cm, leaves number 20.3, waist leaf long 74.23 cm, wide 33.43 cm, leaf ellipse, and master pulse is comparatively thick, and layering falls yellow feature obviously, and Mature property is good, growing stage average out to 139.2 days.High resistance TMV and weather spot disease, in anti-balck shank, middle sense bacterial wilt, rust and PVY; Drought resisting, lodging resistance are comparatively strong, not resistance to fertilizer.Comprehensive result of the test for many years, HB112 per mu yield 158.94 Kg, per mu yield is worth 2853.12 yuan, and improve 15.59% and 12.50% than contrast K326 respectively, average first-class cigarette ratio is 32.91%, than contrast raising 5.56 percentage points.How orange former cigarette color is, and maturity is good, short texture, and identity is medium, and oil content has-slightly, and colourity is strong-in, overall appearance quality is better than contrast K326; Testing result over the years shows, nicotine content of tobacco leaves average out to 2.25% in the middle part of HB112, content of reducing sugar average out to 20.16%, and on the whole, in tobacco leaf, each main chemical compositions content is suitable for, and harmony is with to contrast K326 suitable; Former cigarette sensory evaluating smoking quality is close or suitable with check variety K326.

5, male sterile line MS cloud and mist 87 is bred and the seeding technique main points of crossbreed HB112:

With embodiment one.

6, the cultivation modulation technique main points of crossbreed HB112:

The fertilising tested according to multiple years and assist and baked test, the corresponding cultivation of HB112 and modulation technique main points are with embodiment one.

Claims (1)

1. a selection for anti-flue-cured tobacco crossbreed more than, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:

1) with MSG28 be maternal, feel conventional variety that the production of TMV and weather spot disease uses for recurrent parent with wide suitable, anti-balck shank, backcross through 8 generations and cultivate male sterile line;

2) with anti-balck shank and the Fertile material of high resistance TMV and weather spot disease is source material, be breeding goal according to " field fall yellow Mature property good ", select the inbred pure line of inheritance stability through 6 generations selfing purifying;

3) with the male sterile cultivated be maternal, inbred pure line for the combination of male parent preparing hybrid, and utilize the repeating transmission plot of producing region different diseases or region and normal plot, in the same time, resistance and the economic characters qualification of different diseases carried out respectively to it;

4) hybrid combination of anti-different diseases of holding concurrently is carried out the multispots trial of 2-3 quality and adaptability qualification.