CN109601369A - The recurrent selection population of high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding creates and selection method - Google Patents
The recurrent selection population of high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding creates and selection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the creation of the recurrent selection population of high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding and selection methods, first with Quality parents and extensively suitable parent be it is maternal, hybridized using other parents as male parent, then it successively carries out combining containing Quality parents and easily modulate parent's double cross containing extensively suitable parental combination hybridization, containing high yield and combine and be free of that high yield easily modulates parent's double cross combined hybrid, composite-crossing combines roguing in progeny population and mutually hands over, building recurrent selection basic population.Then successively carry out roguing selfing in group, anti-disease enzyme screens that excellent strain hybridizes with economic characters and the excellent strain of quality trait evaluation and screening, roguing is mutually handed over again, constitute next recurrent selection population.Each recurrent selection population can introduce heterologous germplasm, and individual needed for also can extract carries out strain identification.Multiple objective traits can be improved using this method simultaneously, it will be apparent that improve breeding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco breeding technical fields, and in particular to the recurrent selection group of high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding
Body creation and selection method.
Background technique
Tobacco is self pollination crop.For a long time, the improvement of tobacco bred relies primarily on conventional cross-breeding method, this
It is quite effective to the recent breeding objective of realization.However, offspring's is in addition due to its long-term crossbreeding using a small number of parents
Spectrometry selection is difficult the multiple key-genes for controlling same target shape to combine, it more difficult to play plurality of minor effect
Genetic recombination and cumulative potential effect, cause a large amount of beneficial genes to lose, the hereditary basis of improved variety is increasingly narrow, such as me
State's flue-cured tobacco main breed cloud and mist 87, Yun yan85 and K326 have more close affiliation.Since parental source is identical, hereditary
Basis is poor, causes this 3 kinds in same ecological zone, and quality of tabacco fragrance feature difference is unobvious, is not formed solely
Special aromatic style.Meanwhile improved variety hereditary basis it is narrow be vulnerable to it is precipitate arid, virus or bacterial parasite
The invasion of (worm) etc. and suffer a loss, very big potential danger is brought to leaf tobacco production.In addition, in face of the tobacco of increasingly diversification
Breeding objective, traditional breeding method also increasingly seem beyond one's ability.Thus, break routine, seeks new breeding methods gesture
It must go.
Recurrent selection refers to based on hereditary basis group abundant, is selected by circulation, mutually friendship, reselection, again mutually friendship, with
Break unfavorable gene linkage, the beneficial gene frequency with wide hereditary basis and objective trait is continued to develop, thus raising property
Shape average value makes group continuously obtain the breeding system of genetic improvement.It is derived from cross pollinated plant corn and in beauty
State's maize population improvement in be widely applied, after also answered in many self pollination crops and often cross-pollinated plant breeding
With.Crop breeding practice it has been proved that recurrent selection be crop groups improvement and germplasm innovation most efficient method, especially need
When improveing different target character in group simultaneously, it shows stronger superiority than conventional cross-breeding method.Tobacco breeding
Objective trait is mostly quantitative character, and recurrent selection is particularly suitable for improveing in the character of quantitative inheritance.Therefore, having must
To carry out recurrent selection breeding on tobacco, the major gene resistance for controlling different merits recombination be stacked up, this is to expansion
Material base, cultivate it is high-quality it is more anti-extensively fit efficient new varieties and be of great significance, and certainly will make a breakthrough as tobacco breeding
Property progress indispensable substance, material and method basis.
Although there is some Research Literatures in relation to recurrent selection on tobacco at present, it is big that these documents have been summed up two
General character: first is that recurrent selection basic population creation method is simple, mostly using greatly single cross or double cross mode, relates only to a small number of parents
This, Germplasms do not enrich in group, are not easy to play the advantage of recurrent selection；Second is that almost all is directed to individual characters
Or a few character (relates only to black shank fastness, single plant fresh leaf weight, plant height, the number of sheets, total alkaloid content, carotenoids
Cellulose content and particulate matter ratio) group selection is carried out in recurrent selection population, to verify recurrent selection to individual or a small number of property
The improved selection effect of shape.As it is known by the man skilled in the art that tobacco breeding target is more complicated.Although the totality of tobacco breeding
Target may be summarized to be " high-quality, mostly anti-, suitable to produce, is efficient, is extensively suitable ", but each single item overall goal all corresponds to many specific property
Shape is related to (common are 12 kinds such as balck shank, bacterial wilt, root black rot, root knot nematode disease, red star to different tobacco diseases
Sick, climacteric spot disease, powdery mildew, wildfire, angular leaf spot, common mosaic viral disease, Cucumber Mosaic Virus, potato Y disease
Viral disease etc.) resistance, cigarette strain growth traits, cigarette strain morphological characters, economic characters, exterior quality, chemical component, physical characteristic,
All various aspects such as sensory evaluating smoking's mass, adaptability, stability.Therefore, only by the single-cross of a few parent and individual
Or the selection of a few character is to be difficult to realize current tobacco breeding target.As it can be seen that so far, related tobacco circulation
The research report of selection aspect, having little significance on practical tobacco breeding.
Since tobacco belongs to big spacing in the rows crop, and single fruit kind grain is large number of, breeding objective is related to character various, circulation choosing
Select that land occupation area is big, heavy workload, therefore so far there are no that recurrent selection is applied to high-quality how anti-new product of tobacco breeding
The report of aspect.It is theoretically inquired into spite of fragmentary document, but all compares generalities and generalization, as actually such as
Recurrent selection population is where created on tobacco, how about selection and processing is carried out to recurrent selection population, is still to scarcely know what one has said,
So far there are no, and someone proposes practical on tobacco breeding, strong operability recurrent selection breeding scheme.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of circulation choosings suitable for high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding
The method for selecting group's creation and selection, can polymerize multiple excellent genes using this method, while improveing multiple objective traits, create
New germplasm is made, the excellent kind of Comprehensive Traits is cultivated, it will be apparent that improves breeding efficiency, and practical, strong operability.
The recurrent selection population creation of high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding of the present invention and selection method include:
(1) selection have objective trait m parent, the m parent include quality trait parent, adaptability parent,
High yield easily modulates parent and multiple disease resistance parents；The high yield, which easily modulates parent and is selected from the wealthy high yield of leaf, easily modulates parent and leafy
High yield easily modulates one or both of parent；Each disease resistance parent is provided with black shank fastness, Resistance to bacterial wilt, root
It is Root-knot resistance, root black rot resistance, rust resistance, powder mildew resistance, wildfire resistance, angular leaf spot resistance, climacteric
At least one of spot disease resistance, common mosaic resistance, cucumber mosaic virus resistance and potato Y disease resistance；
(2) using quality trait parent and adaptability parent be it is maternal, hybridize using other (m-2) a parents as male parent,
Obtain a cross combination seed of 2 × (m-2)；
(3) it is with adaptability parent by (m-2) a cross combination of one of Selecting Parents of Hybrid Combination Based of quality trait parent
(m-2) a cross combination of one of Selecting Parents of Hybrid Combination Based is hybridized using (m-2) × (m-2) Crossing system, obtains [(m-2)
× (m-2)] a double cross combines seed；
(4) the double cross combination seed obtained step (3) in tobacco growing season respectively in field planting, therein 4 ×
(m-3) a double cross combination that parent is easily modulated containing high yield is showed according to cigarette strain growth potential and morphological characters, each combination selection
Cigarette strain growth potential relatively preferably and morphological characters comparatively preferably [(m-2) × (m-2) -4 × (m-3)] a single plant, in addition
[(m-2) × (m-2) -4 × (m-3)] it is a without containing high yield easily modulate parent double cross combination foundation cigarette strain growth potential and form
Trait expression, each combination select cigarette strain growth potential relatively preferable and a list of morphological characters comparatively ideal 4 × (m-3)
Strain, when blooming, by 4 × (m-3) it is a easily modulate parent containing high yield double cross combine selected single plant respectively with [(m-2) × (m-
2) -4 × (m-3)] it is a without containing high yield easily modulate parent double cross combination selected single plant progress strain and strain between paired cross, obtain
Seed, each composite-crossing combination difference are combined to a composite-crossing of [4 × (m-3)] × [(m-2) × (m-2) -4 × (m-3)]
The sufficiently equal grains mixing of 50-150 seeds is taken to constitute group A；
(5) cigarette strain growth potential and morphological characters in group A is selected to show relatively ideal cigarette strain 2000-3000 plants,
Paired cross is carried out when blooming, obtains 1000-1500 cross combination seed, and each cross combination is taken into 50-150 kinds respectively
It is sub sufficiently grains mixing to be waited to constitute recurrent selection basic population C0；
(6) cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters in recurrent selection basic population C0 is selected to show more satisfactory cigarette strain
It 1500-3000 plants, is selfed when blooming, and presses single plant sowing, obtain 1500-3000 single-strain seed；
(7) it takes 50-150 seeds that grains is sufficiently waited to mix respectively each single-strain seed that step (6) obtain and constitutes group
Then group B is divided into 3 parts of composition group C, group D and group E by B；Group C is successively subjected to wildfire resistance, balck shank resists
Property, common mosaic resistance, climacteric spot disease resistance, root knot nematode resistance and rust Resistance Identification, filter out cigarette strain
500-1000 plants；Group D is successively carried out to angular leaf spot resistance, Resistance to bacterial wilt, cucumber mosaic virus resistance, climacteric spot disease to resist
Property, root knot nematode resistance and rust Resistance Identification, filter out 500-1000 plants of cigarette strain；Group E is successively carried out to powdery mildew to resist
Property, root black rot resistance, potato Y disease resistance, climacteric spot disease resistance, root knot nematode resistance and rust Resistance Identification,
Filter out 500-1000 plants of cigarette strain；The selected equal equal part of single plant of single plant, the group D that group C is selected in selected single plant and group E
At two single part, single part between different groups hybridizes two-by-two, obtains 750-1500 cross combination seed, by each hybridization group
Conjunction takes 50-150 seeds sufficiently grains mixing to be waited to constitute group F respectively；Select cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters table in group F
Now more satisfactory 2000-3000 plants of cigarette strain, carry out paired cross, obtain 1000-1500 cross combination seed when blooming, will
Each cross combination takes the sufficiently equal grains mixing of 50-100 seeds to constitute group G respectively；
(8) each single-strain seed for obtaining step (6) in tobacco growing season in big Tanaka by single-strain planting at strain,
It is showed according to cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters, each strain retains cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters performance is more satisfactory
3 plants of cigarette strain, be selfed when blooming, and press single plant sowing, remaining single plant is stayed by the topping of tobacco leaf conventional manufacturing techniques and leaf and smeared
Wooden fork, harvesting modulation when tobacco leaf maturation, the economic characters and quality trait of tobacco leaf after identification modulation, filter out 500-1000 it is economical
Character and the preferable strain of quality trait general performance, and each selfing of selected strain is reserved seed for planting single plant total 1500-3000
Single plant takes the sufficiently equal grains mixing of 50-100 seeds to constitute group H respectively；By group's H seed in tobacco growing season in field kind
It plants, cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters is selected to show 2000-3000 plants of more satisfactory cigarette strain, carried out when blooming miscellaneous in pairs
It hands over, obtains 1000-1500 cross combination seed, take 50-100 seeds sufficiently to wait grains mixing structure respectively each cross combination
At group I；
(9) cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters in group G are showed to more satisfactory 1000-1500 strain cigarette strain and group
Cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters show more satisfactory 1000-1500 strain cigarette strain and carry out paired cross in I, obtain 1000-
Each cross combination is taken the sufficiently equal grains of 50-150 seeds to mix respectively and constitutes group J by 1500 cross combination seeds；
(10) it selects cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters in group J to show 2000-3000 plants of more satisfactory cigarette strain, opens
Paired cross is carried out when flower, 1000-1500 cross combination seed is obtained, each cross combination is taken into 50-100 seeds respectively
Sufficiently grains mixing is waited to constitute first round selection group C1；
(11) seed of the first round selection group C1 obtained using step (10) repeats step (6) to (10), obtains the
Two wheel selection group C2, and so on, until cigarette strain phenotype is close to consistent in group, and genotype height heterozygosis is finally obtained
The n-th wheel selection group Cn that gene sufficiently balances in group.
In the present invention, the quality trait parent can for K326, K346, NC82, G28, RG11, RG17, NC102 and
NC297。
In the present invention, the adaptability parent can be Yun yan85, cloud and mist 87, cloud and mist 97, cloud and mist 99, cloud and mist 110, cloud
Cigarette 116, cloud and mist 119, Zhongyan-100, middle cigarette 103 and middle cigarette 104.
In the present invention, the high yield easily modulate parent can for middle cigarette 103, middle cigarette 104, Coker139, turquoise 1,
Bi Na 1 and K326LF.
In the present invention, the disease resistance parent can for cloud and mist 311, cloud and mist 317, K346, G80, middle cigarette 98, DB101,
TI448A, rock cigarette 97, G3, No. 3 anti-imperialist, K730, RG17, Zhongyan-100, CV87, CV91, CF225, Kutsaga M10,
Kutsaga 51E, Kutsaga E1, turquoise 1, Coker176, platform cigarette 8, anti-88, C151, Coker319, NC95, LA
Burley21, Burley49, TN86, TN90, Kentucky15, Kentucky17 and Kentucky8959.
Further, select the multiresistance parent more than disease resistance type as disease resistance parent, at least a kind of Disease Resistance
It can be used as the anti-source of the disease.
Further, the cigarette strain growth traits specifically include cigarette strain stand up speed, grown in field gesture, axillary bud growth gesture,
Team phase, prosperous growth phase, squaring period, center flower open season, flat-top phase, footing leaf maturity period, upper leaf maturity period, transplanting to topping
Number of days, growing stage number of days, blade maturation speed；The cigarette strain morphological characters specifically includes cigarette strain with this types of tobacco
Characteristic feature, plant type, plant height, stalk thickness, total number of sheets, can picking leaves number, Leaf positional distribution uniformity, internode away from, leaf, blade is big
Small, upper leaf hacking potentiality, blade thickness, leaf color, blade face be smooth or shrinkage degree, mesophyll tissue are careful or degree of roughness, leaf
Piece flexibility, blade master pulse thickness, stalk/leaf maturity more resistance to than size, blade maturation uniformity, blade, topmost may be used at cauline leaf angle
Picking leaves attachment region away from center spur from, cigarette wooden fork how much.
Further, the economic characters specifically include weight per leaf, suitable production property, the output value, average price, first-class cigarette ratio, it is upper in
Equal cigarettes ratio；The quality trait specifically includes tobacco leaf presentation quality, chemical component, physical characteristic, sensory evaluating smoking's matter after modulation
Amount.
It further, further include the measure for introducing heterologous germplasm after certain takes turns selection group Ci creation, then according to following step
It is rapid to carry out:
(1) by Ci group seed and heterologous germplasm seed in tobacco growing season in field planting, selected from Ci group
Cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters show 500-1000 plants of more satisfactory cigarette strain, also select 500- from heterologous germplasm group
Ci group is selected in single plant when blooming and heterologous germplasm group is selected in single plant and carries out paired cross, obtains 500- by 1000 plants of cigarette strains
Each cross combination is taken the sufficiently equal grains of 50-150 seeds to mix respectively and constitutes group K by 1000 cross combination seeds；
(2) cigarette strain growth potential and morphological characters in group K is selected to show relatively ideal cigarette strain 2000-3000 plants,
Paired cross is carried out when blooming, obtains 1000-1500 cross combination seed, and each cross combination is taken into 50-150 kinds respectively
It is sub sufficiently grains mixing to be waited to constitute group L；
(3) cigarette strain growth potential in the Ci group and morphological characters are showed into relatively ideal 1000-1500 plants of cigarette
Strain carries out paired cross with cigarette strain growth potential in group L and the relatively ideal 1000-1500 plants of cigarette strain of morphological characters performance,
1000-1500 cross combination seed is obtained, takes the sufficiently equal grains of 50-150 seeds to mix respectively each cross combination and constitutes
Group M；
(4) cigarette strain growth potential and morphological characters in group M is selected to show relatively ideal cigarette strain 2000-3000 plants,
Paired cross is carried out when blooming, obtains 1000-1500 cross combination seed, and each cross combination is taken into 50-150 kinds respectively
It is sub sufficiently grains mixing to be waited to constitute new recurrent selection basic population C0'；
(5) using the seed of new recurrent selection basic population C0', step (6) in claim 1 is continuously repeated extremely
(10), it obtains newly selecting group C1', C2', C3'Cn'；
Wherein, 1≤i≤n, the heterologous germplasm include new anti-source, new quality trait source, new adaptability source and new
The easy modulation source of high yield.
It further, can be first by 2 when needing to introduce 2 heterologous germplasm simultaneously after certain takes turns selection group Ci creation
A heterologous germplasm is hybridized, and F-1 hybrids are obtained, then by F-1 hybrids as single heterologous germplasm and Ci group seed into
Row paired cross.
It further, also further include to recurrent selection basic population C0, new recurrent selection basic population C0', certain wheel selection
Conventional breeding programmes are identified and be included in the single plant to do very well in the group Ci or new selection group Ci' of certain wheel, and then is cultivated
High-quality how anti-new lines.
It further, further include reflecting to economic characters obtained by step (8) and the preferable strain of quality trait general performance
Determine and be included in conventional breeding programmes, and then cultivates high-quality how anti-new lines.
Conventional breeding programmes of the present invention can be with are as follows: progress disease resistance trait identification first filters out disease-resistant single plant, Yu Kai
It is selfed when flower, and presses single plant sowing；Then cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters identification are carried out, cigarette strain growth and form are filtered out
The suitable strain of character, the growth of selection cigarette strain and selfing when blooming of the ideal single plant of morphological characters in selected strain, by strain
The mixed income of system selects single-strain seed；Economic characters identification is carried out later, filters out suitable production, integral economic trait is above standard reference substance
The strain of kind, while reserving seed for planting in each strain stud plot to selected corresponding strain selfing；Finally, selected strains is carried out more for many years
Experimental tests carries out quality trait, adaptability and repeated pruning, filters out quality trait, adaptability and stability than convenient
Strain, promoted and participate in national tobacco bred regional testing.
The adaptability specifically includes new lines and adapts to bad border range and the adaptedness within the scope of certain environment；It is described
Stability specifically includes the stability of quality of tobacco character and the stability of tobacco leaf economic characters.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) the method for the present invention includes quality trait parent, adaptability parent, Ye Kuo and leafy height according to breeding objective selection
It produces and easily modulates parent, resist the m parent with objective trait including various Major Diseases parents, first with quality trait parent
With adaptability parent be it is maternal, hybridize using other parents as male parent, will be then that cross combination will be close using quality trait parent
The cross combination of one of this hybridizes with by the cross combination of one of Selecting Parents of Hybrid Combination Based of adaptability parent, will then contain
The double cross combination that high yield easily modulates parent is combined with the double cross for easily modulating parent without containing high yield to be hybridized, finally compound miscellaneous
Roguing paired cross again in combination progeny population is handed over, recurrent selection basic population is constructed.Therefore, the wheel that the method for the present invention is created
It returns and selects population genetic basis extensive, and adequately hybridizing repeatedly by various hybrid versions, cause gene pyramiding degree high,
Different target character gene can be made sufficiently to recombinate, to break the linkage relationship of gene, hereditary variation abundant is created, to create
New germ plasm resource is made, and is created condition for the level of improved variety is continuously improved.
(2) the method for the present invention is on the one hand since the recurrent selection population hereditary basis created is extensive, and passes through various miscellaneous
The hybridization repeatedly that friendship form carries out taking turns between multiple wheel ground individual under controlled conditions can make different target character gene abundant
Recombination, certainly will cause the dosage effect for the major gene resistance for controlling certain characters to be strengthened, control the minor gene of merit
It may also sufficiently be added up in certain individuals, keep these merits more excellent；On the other hand, in the every of recurrent selection
In one selection cycle, Disease Resistance Identification and economic characters and quality trait identification will be carried out, disease-resistant single plant and mutual is selected
It hands over, select economic characters and the preferable single plant of quality trait general performance and mutually hands over, then mutually hand over offspring in disease-resistant single plant respectively
In group and economic characters and the preferable single plant of quality trait general performance are mutually handed in progeny population, select growth traits and form
Shape shows more satisfactory cigarette strain and carries out single plant paired cross between group, then selects growth in paired cross progeny population again
Character and morphological characters show more satisfactory cigarette strain paired cross.Disease-resistant single plant is selected mutually to hand over by Disease Resistance Identification, it can
The disease resistance trait for directly improveing recurrent selection population, identifies by economic characters and quality trait and selects excellent strain, can be direct
The economic characters and quality trait of recurrent selection population are improved, and the growth traits of cigarette strain and morphological characters are directly related to tobacco leaf
Easy modularity, economic characters and quality trait, by the selection of cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters, and can improve indirectly
The easy modularity of the tobacco leaf of recurrent selection population, economic characters and quality trait.Therefore, the method for the present invention can improve multiple simultaneously
Multiple excellent genes are aggregated in the same individual, and then cultivate the excellent kind of Comprehensive Traits by objective trait.
(3) parent of the method for the present invention setting not only includes that quality trait parent, adaptability parent and high yield easily modulate parent
This, and including anti-tubers disease parent, anti-foliage disease parent and viral diseases parent, it particularly include anti-balck shank
Parent, resistance to bacterial wilt parent, root-knot nematode resistant parent, anti-black rot parent, anti-rust parent, mildew-resistance parent,
Anti- wildfire parent, anti-angular leaf spot parent, weather resistance spot disease parent, anti-common mosaic viral disease parent, anti-cucumber mosaic
Virosis parent and resistant to PVY disease parent are related to 12 kinds of diseases common in leaf tobacco production, than countries tobacco product altogether
7 kinds of diseases (including balck shank, bacterial wilt, root knot nematode disease, rust, the common mosaic viral disease, Huang of kind of test determination identification
Melon mosaic virus and marmor upsilon disease) mostly 5 kinds of diseases.Moreover, new in order to prevent the disease not yet known and reply
Quality trait requirement, cultivate and anti-not yet know the kind of disease and meet the kind of new quality trait requirement, side of the present invention
The method that new anti-source or new quality trait source are introduced for recurrent selection population has also been devised in method.Meanwhile the method for the present invention is again
It devises from recurrent selection basic population or each recurrent selection population, extracts required phenotype individuals at any time and carry out strain mirror
Fixed method, to cultivate the new varieties for meeting current tobacco breeding target call as early as possible.Therefore, the method for the present invention is considered
Long-term breeding target, and taken into account short-term breeding objective.
(4) the method for the present invention first with quality trait parent and adaptability parent be it is maternal, by male parent of other parents into
Row hybridization, then by using quality trait parent as the cross combination of one of Selecting Parents of Hybrid Combination Based be to hybridize group with adaptability parent
The cross combination for closing one of parent hybridizes, then by the double cross combination for easily modulate parent containing high yield with not contain high yield easy
The double cross combination of modulation parent hybridizes, finally the roguing paired cross again in composite-crossing combination progeny population, building wheel
Selection basic population is returned, the hereditary share of quality trait parent and eurytopicity parent in recurrent selection population is made to become two big
The genetic constitution of leading role makes high yield easily modulate parent's shared heredity share in recurrent selection population and is only second to quality trait
Parent and eurytopicity parent, in conjunction in each recurrent selection period, will carry out disease resistance selection, cigarette strain growth traits and
Morphological characters selection, economic characters and quality trait selection, it can be ensured that the quality and eurytopicity of recurrent selection population, simultaneously
It can ensure that the multiresistance and economic characters high-lighting of recurrent selection population again, it will be apparent that improve tobacco breeding efficiency.
Specific embodiment
By following embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, they are not constituted a limitation of the invention, and only lifts
Example.Test method used in following embodiment is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Embodiment 1: the creation and selection of flue-cured tobacco recurrent selection population
Long and short phase breeding objective in order to balance, in the parent of selection building flue-cured tobacco recurrent selection initial population, Ying Yiyou
Based on matter, wide adaptability, the resistance of the common Major Diseases of all flue-cured tobaccos is considered as far as possible.According to breeding objective, the parent of selection is answered
Including quality trait parent, adaptability parent, high yield easily roasting parent, disease resistance parent, the quality trait parent should be generally acknowledged
The good production of quality on use kind, the adaptability parent, which should be adaptability and widely produce, uses kind, the height
Producing easily roasting parent should include the easily roasting parent of the wealthy high yield of leaf and the easily roasting parent of leafy high yield, and the disease resistance parent should include anti-rhizome
Class disease parent, anti-foliage disease parent and viral diseases parent, it is withered that the tubers disease should specifically include balck shank, blueness
Disease, root knot nematode disease, root black rot, it includes rust, powdery mildew, wildfire, angular leaf spot, weather that the foliage disease tool, which answers body,
Property spot disease, the virosis should specifically include mosaic viruses (TMV) disease, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) disease, potato Y
Viral (PVY) disease.In order to shorten the period of recurrent selection population improvement and reduce crossing work amount, also advantage should be selected as far as possible more
The few parent of disadvantage, disease resistance parent should also select the multiresistance parent that can be used as the anti-source of multiple diseases as far as possible.Based on upper
Reason is stated, 11 germplasm materials have been selected in tobacco germplasm library, the parent as the building of flue-cured tobacco recurrent selection initial population
This, this 11 parents include that generally acknowledged Quality parents K326, generally acknowledged wide suitable parent's cloud and mist 87, the wealthy high yield of leaf are easily baked in parent
Cigarette 103, leafy high yield easily roasting parent's turquoise 1, balck shank resistant parent cloud and mist 317, bacterial wilt resistant parent G3, the black corruption of root
Disease, wildfire and angular leaf spot resistant parent Kentucky8959, root-knot nematode resistant parent NC95, TMV, rust and climacteric
Spot disease resistant parent CV87, CMV and PVY resistant parent CV91, powdery mildew resistant parent KE1, wherein K326 is that production is upper wide
The general fine quality used, cloud and mist 87 are the adaptability wide variety used in production.The purposes and feature of selected each parent arranges
Enter table 1.
The building of table 1 flue-cured tobacco recurrent selection initial population uses parent
2 months 2010, by 11 selected parents in Hubei Province, proving ground, tobacco research institute Lichuan seeding and seedling raising,
Crop field is transplanted to after seedling.In order to increase the hereditary share of group shared by quality trait parent and adaptability parent, bloom the time-division
Be female parent with Quality parents K326 and extensively suitable parent's cloud and mist 87, hybridized as male parent using other 9 parents, obtain 18 it is miscellaneous
Hand over combination seed.Winter in the same year, by 18 cross combinations in Hainan Province, Hubei Province, the Sanya base tobacco research institute Nan Fan
Seeding and seedling raising is transplanted into crop field after seedling.In order to make each cross combination contain quality trait parent and adaptability parent's base
Cause, when blooming, by with K326 for one of parent 9 cross combinations with cloud and mist 87 be 9 cross combinations of one of parent, adopt
Hybridized with 9 × 9 Crossing systems, obtains 81 double cross combination seeds.
2 months 2011,81 double cross combinations are transplanted into crop field after Lichuan proving ground seeding and seedling raising, seedling.In order to
Increase the hereditary share that cigarette 103 and leafy high yield in the easily roasting parent of the wealthy high yield of leaf easily bake group shared by parent's turquoise 1, blooms
When, it shows, 32 is combined with the easily roasting parent of high yield for the double cross of parent, each group according to cigarette strain growth potential and morphological characters
It closes and selects 49 cigarette strain growth potentials relatively preferable and the comparatively ideal single plant of morphological characters, it is easy not with high yield for 49
Roasting parent is that the double cross of parent is combined, and each combination selects 32 cigarette strain growth potentials preferably comparatively to manage with morphological characters relatively
The single plant thought.Menu strain is incorporated by 32 with easily roasting double cross of the parent for parent of high yield not bake easily with high yield with 49 respectively
Parent is that the double cross of parent incorporates into paired cross between menu strain progress strain and strain, obtains 1568 composite-crossings combination seeds,
Each composite-crossing combination takes 100 seeds sufficiently grains mixing to be waited to constitute group A respectively.Winter in the same year, by group's A seed three
The sub- base Nan Fan seeding and seedling raising is transplanted into crop field after seedling.In order to make recurrent selection parent adequately mutually hand over, to avoid group
The excellent genes of each parent's carrying are lost due to choosing in body selection because leaking, and then these excellent genes is made to lose separation, recombination and tire out
Long-pending chance selects cigarette strain growth potential and morphological characters to show relatively ideal cigarette strain 3000 when blooming in group A
Strain carries out paired cross, obtains 1500 cross combination seeds, takes 150 seeds sufficiently to wait grains respectively each cross combination
Mixing constitutes recurrent selection basic population C0；
In March, 2012 recurrent selection basic population C0 seed is transplanted into after Lichuan proving ground seeding and seedling raising, seedling
Crop field.It is directly related to easy roasting property, economic characters and the quality trait of tobacco leaf in view of cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters, passes through
Investigation to cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters can prejudge selected single plant in easy roasting property, economic characters and quality in advance
Prospect in terms of shape, and then the easily roasting property of the tobacco leaf of single plant, economic characters and quality trait can be selected indirectly, therefore,
The selection of recurrent selection population field mainly carries out roguing paired cross according to cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters performance.When blooming
In recurrent selection basic population C0, cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters is selected to show 1500 plants of more satisfactory cigarette strain, into
Row selfing, and single plant sowing is pressed, obtain 1500 single-strain seeds.
Take 100 seeds abundant respectively each single-strain seed being selected in recurrent selection basic population C0 in January, 2013
Equal grains mixing constitutes group B.In order to which the disease-resistant gene for carrying each disease-resistant parent has the chance of expression, avoid these excellent
Gene is lost, thus the seed of group B is divided into 3 parts of composition C groups, D group and E group, anti-to carry out different diseases respectively
The identification of property.2 months, respectively by C group, D group and E group seed in Lichuan proving ground seeding and seedling raising, each group 50000
Strain.Use concentration for 1 × 10 to seedling age 8 weeks or so inoculated identification wildfire resistances C group tobacco seedlings6The prairie fire of cfu/mL
Germ liquid investigates leaf spot lesion area, the seedling of anti-wildfire is selected according to investigation result to seedling spray inoculation after 10 days
It 4000 plants, is transplanted in balck shank sick nursery, balck shank incidence was investigated before florescence.Meanwhile after transplanting 4 weeks, TMV is used
Viral juice connects malicious method identification common mosaic viral disease resistance using young leaflet tablet friction, and lesion situation is observed after 5 weeks.Field tune
Climacteric spot disease resistance is looked into, and utilizes Leaf method identification root-knot nematode and rust resistance.Utilize Agrobacterium
LBA4404/PVX:pND108-NIB bacterium solution or Agrobacterium GV3101/PVX:pND108-NIB bacterium solution disseminate excised leaf, and 1 week left
Hypersensitive necrosis reaction (spot) whether is shown on right observation tobacco leaf, determines root knot nematode resistance accordingly.Using concentration
It is 1 × 106The rust bacterium solution of cfu/mL is investigated leaf spot lesion area, is determined accordingly to excised leaf spray inoculation after 10 days
Rust resistance.It is identified by Disease Resistance, selection while and anti-balck shank, common mosaic viral disease, climacteric spot disease, root
500 plants of cigarette strain of tie lines worm and rust；D group tobacco seedlings were used to seedling age 8 weeks or so inoculated identification angular leaf spot resistances
Concentration is 1 × 106The angular leaf spot bacterium solution of cfu/mL investigates leaf spot lesion area, according to investigation to seedling spray inoculation after 10 days
As a result 4000 plants of seedling of anti-angular leaf spot are selected, are transplanted in bacterial wilt sick nursery, bacterial wilt incidence was investigated before florescence.
Meanwhile after transplanting 4 weeks, malicious method is connect using young leaflet tablet friction with CMV virus juice and identifies Cucumber Mosaic Virus resistance, 5
Lesion situation is observed after week.The climacteric spot disease resistance of field investigation, and utilize Leaf method identification root-knot nematode and red star
Sick resistance.It is identified by Disease Resistance, selection while and resistance to bacterial wilt, Cucumber Mosaic Virus, climacteric spot disease, root knot line
500 plants of cigarette strain of worm and rust；For E group tobacco seedlings, to seedling age 8 weeks or so inoculated identification powder mildew resistances, using concentration
It is 1 × 106The powdery mildew bacterium solution of cfu/mL investigates blade onset area, according to investigation result to seedling spray inoculation after 10 days
4000 plants of seedling of mildew-resistance are selected, are transplanted in root black rot sick nursery, root black rot incidence was investigated before florescence.
Meanwhile after transplanting 4 weeks, malicious method is connect using young leaflet tablet friction with PVY virus juice and identifies marmor upsilon disease resistance, 5 weeks
Lesion situation is observed afterwards.The climacteric spot disease resistance of field investigation, and utilize Leaf method identification root-knot nematode and rust
Resistance.It is identified by Disease Resistance, selection while and anti-black rot, marmor upsilon disease, climacteric spot disease, root knot line
500 plants of cigarette strain of worm and rust.C group is selected in 1/2 cigarette strain of 1/2 cigarette strain and D the group selected single plant of single plant when blooming
Paired cross, another 1/2 cigarette strain and E group are selected in 1/2 cigarette strain paired cross of single plant, and D group is selected in another 1/2 cigarette strain of single plant
It is selected in the another 1/2 cigarette strain paired cross of single plant with E group, 750 cross combination seeds is obtained, each cross combination is distinguished
The sufficiently equal grains mixing of 100 seeds is taken to constitute group F.2012 are selected in by same season out of recurrent selection basic population C0
1500 plants of selfed seeds Lichuan proving ground press single plant seeding and seedling raising.Be conducive to economic characters and quality trait in order to cumulative
Excellent genes, and then the economic characters and quality trait of group are improved, after seedling, by each single plant offspring tobacco seedlings in big Tanaka point
It Zhong Zhi not be at plant (i.e. strain), 50 plants of each strain.It is showed according to cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters, each strain retains
Cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters show 3 plants of more satisfactory cigarette strain, are selfed when blooming, and press single plant sowing, remaining
Single plant stays leaf by the topping of tobacco leaf conventional manufacturing techniques and smears wooden fork, when tobacco leaf maturation adopt it is roasting, identify cured tobacco leaf economic characters and
Quality trait.By the overall merit of cured tobacco leaf economic characters and quality trait, 500 economic characters and quality are therefrom selected
The preferable strain of character general performance, and each selfing of selected strain reserved seed for planting to totally 1500 single plants take 50 kinds to single plant respectively
It is sub sufficiently grains mixing to be waited to constitute group G.
In October, 2013 group's F seed and group G are moved after the Sanya base Nan Fan seeding and seedling raising, seedling respectively respectively
It plants into crop field.When blooming, cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters is selected to show 3000 plants of more satisfactory cigarette strain in group F,
Paired cross is carried out, 1500 cross combination seeds are obtained, takes 50 seeds sufficiently grains to be waited to mix respectively each cross combination
Constitute group H.Select cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters to show 3000 plants of more satisfactory cigarette strain in group G, carry out at
To hybridization, 1500 cross combination seeds are obtained, takes the sufficiently equal grains of 50 seeds to mix respectively each cross combination and constitutes group
Body I.
2 months 2014, group's H seed and group's I seed are distinguished into seeding and seedling raising in Lichuan proving ground, distinguished after seedling
It is transplanted into crop field.When blooming, select cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters performance more satisfactory in group H and group I respectively
1500 plants of cigarette strain, group H be selected in single plant and group I be selected in single plant and carry out paired cross, obtain 1500 cross combination kinds
Each cross combination is taken the sufficiently equal grains of 100 seeds to mix respectively and constitutes group J by son.Winter in the same year exists group's J seed
The Sanya base Nan Fan seeding and seedling raising is transplanted into crop field after seedling.Cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters is selected to show ratio when blooming
3000 plants of comparatively ideal cigarette strain carries out paired cross, obtains 1500 cross combination seeds, each cross combination is taken respectively
The sufficiently equal grains mixing of 150 seeds constitutes first round selection group C1.
Embodiment 2: the introducing of the heterologous germplasm of flue-cured tobacco recurrent selection population
Summer in 2014 finds recurrent selection population Shortcomings in terms of quality trait and anti-balck shank and bacterial wilt,
Then, winter in the same year is female parent, and anti-balck shank and bacterial wilt germplasm DB101 with Quality parents K326 in the Sanya base Nan Fan
For male parent, preparing hybrid combines K326 × DB101.
2015, the F1 generation of first round selection group C1 seed and cross combination K326 × DB101 that 2014 are obtained
Seed distinguishes seeding and seedling raising in Lichuan proving ground, is transplanted into crop field respectively after seedling.When blooming, respectively in first round selection group
In the F1 generation group of body C1 and cross combination K326 × DB101, select cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters performance more satisfactory
500 plants of cigarette strain, the first round selection group C1 F1 generation group for being selected in single plant and cross combination K326 × DB101 is selected in single plant
Paired cross is carried out, 500 cross combination seeds are obtained, takes 150 seeds sufficiently grains to be waited to mix respectively each cross combination
Constitute group K.Group's K seed is transplanted into crop field after the Sanya base Nan Fan seeding and seedling raising, seedling by winter in the same year.When blooming
Selection cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters show 3000 plants of more satisfactory cigarette strain, carry out paired cross, obtain 1500 it is miscellaneous
Combination seed is handed over, takes 150 seeds that grains is sufficiently waited to mix respectively each cross combination and constitutes group L.
2 months 2016, first round selection group C1 seed and group's L seed are sowed respectively in Lichuan proving ground and educated
Seedling is transplanted into crop field after seedling respectively.When blooming, respectively in first round selection group C1 and group L, cigarette strain growth potential is selected
With relatively ideal 1500 plants of cigarette strain of morphological characters performance, first round selection group C1 is selected in single plant and is selected in group L
Single plant carries out paired cross, obtains 1500 cross combination seeds, takes 100 seeds sufficiently to wait grains respectively each cross combination
Mixing constitutes group M.Group's M seed is transplanted into crop field after the Sanya base Nan Fan seeding and seedling raising, seedling by winter in the same year.It opens
Hua Shi selects cigarette strain growth potential and relatively ideal 3000 plants of cigarette strain of morphological characters performance, carries out paired cross, obtain
Each cross combination is taken the sufficiently equal grains of 150 seeds to mix respectively and constitutes new recurrent selection by 1500 cross combination seeds
Basic population C0.
2017-2019 is repeated above-mentioned 2012 to 2014 using the seed of new recurrent selection basic population C0
Work, obtains new first round selection group C1.Hereafter, the work for continuously continuing to repeat 2012 to 2014, obtains new
Recurrent selection population C2, C3Cn, until gene sufficiently balances in group.
Embodiment 3: the identification of flue-cured tobacco recurrent selection population elite seedling
2013, will by Disease Resistance identify select while and anti-wildfire, balck shank, common mosaic viral disease,
Climacteric spot disease, 500 cigarette strains of root-knot nematode and rust stay cigarette fork selfing to obtain hybrid while mutually friendship between single plant
F3 presses single plant sowing for seed.
2014, divide 500 plants of F3 to single plant seeding and seedling raising in Lichuan proving ground greenhouse seedbed for seed, each single plant is every
50 plants of tobacco seedlings of part, referred to as a strain.To seedling age 8 weeks or so inoculated identification angular leaf spot resistances, select whole resistance preferable first
Strain, the tobacco seedlings of anti-angular leaf spot are then selected in selected strain.451 anti-angular leaf spot strains are filtered out altogether.By anti-angle spot
Sick tobacco seedlings are transplanted in bacterial wilt sick nursery by strain, and bacterial wilt incidence was investigated before florescence.Meanwhile after transplanting 4 weeks,
Malicious method identification Cucumber Mosaic Virus resistance is connect using young leaflet tablet friction with CMV virus juice, lesion situation is observed after 5 weeks.
The climacteric spot disease resistance of field investigation, and identify root-knot nematode and rust resistance again using Leaf method.Pass through disease
Evil Resistance Identification, select simultaneously simultaneous anti-angular leaf spot, bacterial wilt, Cucumber Mosaic Virus, climacteric spot disease, root-knot nematode and
The strain of rust 128, each strain are selected in 2764 plants of disease-resistant single plant altogether.2764 plants of selected cigarette strains are selfed when blooming
To hybrid F4 for seed, and press single plant sowing.
2015, divide 2764 plants of F4 to single plant seeding and seedling raising, each single plant in Lichuan proving ground greenhouse seedbed for seed
Every part 20 plants of tobacco seedlings, referred to as a strain.To seedling age 8 weeks or so inoculated identification powder mildew resistances, select first whole resistance compared with
Then good strain selects the tobacco seedlings of mildew-resistance in selected strain.901 mildew-resistance strains are filtered out altogether.It will resist white
Powder disease tobacco seedlings are transplanted in root black rot sick nursery by strain, and root black rot incidence was investigated before florescence.Meanwhile it transplanting
After 4 weeks, malicious method is connect using young leaflet tablet friction with PVY virus juice and identifies marmor upsilon disease resistance, observes lesion after 5 weeks
Situation, while the climacteric spot disease resistance of field investigation.It is identified by Disease Resistance, selects while simultaneous mildew-resistance, root are black
Strain 88 of the sick and climacteric spot disease of maize ear rot, marmor upsilon, each strain is selected in 917 plants of disease-resistant single plant altogether.To selected
917 plants of cigarette strains are selfed to obtain when blooming hybrid F5 for seed, and press single plant sowing.
Divide 917 plants of F5 to single plant seeding and seedling raising, Mei Gedan in Lichuan proving ground greenhouse seedbed for seed in March, 2016
Every part 15 plants of tobacco seedlings of strain.The seedling of 917 single plants is planted at 917 plants (i.e. strain), comprehensively in big Tanaka after seedling
It identifies cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters, filters out strain 59 that cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters are suitable for, then exist
Each selection cigarette strain growth traits and more preferably single plant 2-3 plants of morphological characters in selected strain, when Yu Kaihua, are selfed, by strain
The mixed income of system selects single-strain seed, becomes strain；
2 months 2017, the seed of 59 strains is divided into 2 parts, in proving ground, greenhouse seedbed distinguishes seeding and seedling raising, wherein
The tobacco seedlings of 1 part of seed move into crop field for breeding after seedling, and the tobacco seedlings of another 1 part of seed are transplanted into big Tanaka after seedling, and 3 times
It repeats, is control to produce upper universal varieties of plant cloud and mist 87, carry out the economic characters identification comparative test of each strain, as a result table
It is bright, have that 10 strain yield are suitable for, other indexes of economic overall merits are more than check variety cloud and mist 87, gives code name respectively
HB1701, HB1702, HB1703, HB1704, HB1705, HB1706, HB1707, HB1708, HB1709 and HB1710, and numerous
Kind Tanaka reserves seed for planting to the selfing of corresponding strain.
2018, respectively in Hubei Province Xuanen, Lichuan, the east of Sichuan, Xing Shan, Zhushan County and Baokang, be arranged new lines HB1701,
The comparative test of HB1702, HB1703, HB1704, HB1705, HB1706, HB1707, HB1708, HB1709 and HB1710, with
Universal varieties of plant cloud and mist 87 is that economic characters and adaptability compare in production, is compareed by quality of tobacco of fine quality K326,
Carry out quality trait, adaptability and the repeated pruning of each strain, every take it is roasting after cigarette sample carry out presentation quality, chemical component,
Physical characteristic and sensory evaluating smoking's Quality Identification, and statistically analyze the adaptability and quality of tobacco character and economic characters of each strain
Stability.By overall merit, preliminary screening go out quality trait prominent, wide adaptability and the good strain HB1706 of stability,
HB1709 and HB1710, intends to carry out multiple spot comparative test to this 10 strains again in 2019.
In various embodiments of the present invention, the cigarette strain growth traits specifically includes cigarette strain and stands up speed, grown in field
Gesture, axillary bud growth gesture, the team phase, the prosperous growth phase, squaring period, center flower open season, the flat-top phase, the footing leaf maturity period, upper leaf at
Ripe phase, transplanting to topping number of days, growing stage number of days, blade maturation speed；The cigarette strain morphological characters specifically includes cigarette strain
Characteristic feature, plant type, plant height, stalk thickness, total number of sheets with this types of tobacco, can picking leaves number, Leaf positional distribution uniformity, section
Spacing, leaf, leaf blade size, upper leaf hacking potentiality, blade thickness, leaf color, blade face be smooth or shrinkage degree, mesophyll tissue are thin
It causes or degree of roughness, blade flexibility, blade master pulse thickness, stalk/leaf maturity more resistance to than size, blade maturation uniformity, blade, stem
Leaf angle, topmost can picking leaves attachment region away from center spur from, cigarette wooden fork how much；The economic characters specifically include weight per leaf, fit
Production property, the output value, average price, first-class cigarette ratio, upper medium grade cigarette ratio；The quality trait specifically includes tobacco leaf appearance matter after modulation
Amount, chemical component, physical characteristic, sensory evaluating smoking's mass, the adaptability specifically include new lines and adapt to bad border range and one
Determine the adaptedness in environmental field, the stability specifically includes the stability and tobacco leaf economic characters of quality of tobacco character
Stability.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Belong to those skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, all answers
It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (8)
1. the recurrent selection population of high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding creates and selection method, it is characterised in that: including
(1) selection has m parent of objective trait, and the m parent includes quality trait parent, adaptability parent, high yield
Easily modulation parent and multiple disease resistance parents；The high yield easily modulates parent and easily modulates parent and leafy high yield selected from the wealthy high yield of leaf
Easily one or both of modulation parent；Each disease resistance parent is provided with black shank fastness, Resistance to bacterial wilt, root knot line
Parasitosis resistance, root black rot resistance, rust resistance, powder mildew resistance, wildfire resistance, angular leaf spot resistance, climacteric spot
At least one of sick resistance, common mosaic resistance, cucumber mosaic virus resistance and potato Y disease resistance；
(2) using quality trait parent and adaptability parent be it is maternal, hybridize using other (m-2) a parents as male parent, obtain 2
A cross combination seed of × (m-2)；
(3) using quality trait parent as (m-2) a cross combination of one of Selecting Parents of Hybrid Combination Based with adaptability parent be hybridize
(m-2) a cross combination of one of combined parent strain is hybridized using (m-2) × (m-2) Crossing system, obtain [(m-2) ×
(m-2)] seed is combined in a double cross；
(4) the double cross combination seed obtained step (3) is in tobacco growing season respectively in field planting, therein 4 × (m-3)
A double cross combination that parent is easily modulated containing high yield is showed according to cigarette strain growth potential and morphological characters, and each combination selection cigarette strain is raw
Growing way relatively preferably and morphological characters comparatively preferably [(m-2) × (m-2) -4 × (m-3)] a single plant, [(m- in addition
2) × (m-2) -4 × (m-3)] it is a without containing high yield easily modulate parent double cross combination foundation cigarette strain growth potential and morphological characters table
Existing, each combination selects cigarette strain growth potential relatively preferable and a single plant of morphological characters comparatively ideal 4 × (m-3), blooms
When, by 4 × (m-3) it is a parent is easily modulated containing high yield double cross combination selected single plant respectively with [(m-2) × (m-2) -4 ×
(m-3)] the selected single plant of a double cross combination that parent is easily modulated without containing high yield carries out paired cross between strain and strain, obtain [4 ×
(m-3)] a composite-crossing of × [(m-2) × (m-2) -4 × (m-3)] combines seed, and each composite-crossing combination takes 50- respectively
The sufficiently equal grains mixing of 150 seeds constitutes group A；
(5) it selects cigarette strain growth potential and morphological characters in group A to show relatively ideal cigarette strain 2000-3000 plants, blooms
Shi Jinhang paired cross obtains 1000-1500 cross combination seed, takes 50-150 seeds to fill respectively each cross combination
Equal grains mixing is divided to constitute recurrent selection basic population C0；
(6) cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters in recurrent selection basic population C0 is selected to show more satisfactory cigarette strain 1500-
It 3000 plants, is selfed when blooming, and presses single plant sowing, obtain 1500-3000 single-strain seed；
(7) it takes 50-150 seeds that grains is sufficiently waited to mix respectively each single-strain seed that step (6) obtain and constitutes group B, so
Group B is divided into 3 parts of composition group C, group D and group E afterwards；Group C is successively carried out wildfire resistance, black shank fastness,
Common mosaic resistance, climacteric spot disease resistance, root knot nematode resistance and rust Resistance Identification, filter out cigarette strain 500-
1000 plants；Group D is successively carried out angular leaf spot resistance, Resistance to bacterial wilt, cucumber mosaic virus resistance, climacteric spot disease resistance,
Root knot nematode resistance and rust Resistance Identification filter out 500-1000 plants of cigarette strain；Group E is successively carried out powder mildew resistance,
Root black rot resistance, potato Y disease resistance, climacteric spot disease resistance, root knot nematode resistance and rust Resistance Identification, screening
Cigarette strain 500-1000 plants out；The selected single plant of group C selected single plant, group D selected single plant and group E is divided into two
A single part, single part between different groups hybridizes two-by-two, obtains 750-1500 cross combination seed, by each cross combination point
The sufficiently equal grains mixing of 50-150 seeds is not taken to constitute group F；Cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters in group F is selected to show ratio
Comparatively ideal cigarette strain 2000-3000 plants, paired cross is carried out when blooming, and obtains 1000-1500 cross combination seed, it will be each
Cross combination takes the sufficiently equal grains mixing of 50-100 seeds to constitute group G respectively；
(8) each single-strain seed for obtaining step (6) presses single-strain planting into strain, foundation in big Tanaka in tobacco growing season
Cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters performance, each strain retains cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters shows more satisfactory cigarette
3 plants of strain, is selfed when blooming, and presses single plant sowing, remaining single plant stays leaf by the topping of tobacco leaf conventional manufacturing techniques and smears wooden fork, cigarette
Modulation is harvested when leaf maturation, the economic characters and quality trait of tobacco leaf, filter out 500-1000 economic characters after identification modulation
With the preferable strain of quality trait general performance, and each selfing of selected strain is reserved seed for planting the total 1500-3000 single plant of single plant
The sufficiently equal grains mixing of 50-100 seeds is taken to constitute group H respectively；By group's H seed in tobacco growing season in field planting,
Selection cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters show 2000-3000 plants of more satisfactory cigarette strain, and paired cross is carried out when blooming, is obtained
To 1000-1500 cross combination seed, takes the sufficiently equal grains of 50-100 seeds to mix respectively each cross combination and constitute group
Body I；
(9) cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters in group G are showed in more satisfactory 1000-1500 strain cigarette strain and group I
Cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters show more satisfactory 1000-1500 strain cigarette strain and carry out paired cross, obtain 1000-1500
Each cross combination is taken the sufficiently equal grains of 50-150 seeds to mix respectively and constitutes group J by a cross combination seed；
(10) cigarette strain growth traits and morphological characters in group J is selected to show 2000-3000 plants of more satisfactory cigarette strain, when blooming
Paired cross is carried out, 1000-1500 cross combination seed is obtained, takes 50-100 seeds abundant respectively each cross combination
Equal grains mixing constitutes first round selection group C1；
(11) seed of the first round selection group C1 obtained using step (10) is repeated step (6) to (10), obtains the second wheel
Group C2 is selected, and so on, until cigarette strain phenotype is close to consistent in group, and genotype height heterozygosis finally obtains group
The n-th wheel selection group Cn that interior gene sufficiently balances.
2. the recurrent selection population of high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding according to claim 1 creates and selection method,
It is characterized by: selecting the multiresistance parent more than disease resistance type as disease resistance parent, at least a kind of Disease Resistance energy conduct
The anti-source of the disease uses.
3. the recurrent selection population of high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding according to claim 1 or 2 creates and selecting party
Method, it is characterised in that: the cigarette strain growth traits specifically includes cigarette strain and stands up speed, grown in field gesture, axillary bud growth gesture, team
Phase, prosperous growth phase, squaring period, center flower open season, flat-top phase, footing leaf maturity period, upper leaf maturity period, transplanting to topping day
Number, growing stage number of days, blade maturation speed；The cigarette strain morphological characters specifically includes the allusion quotation that cigarette strain has this types of tobacco
Type feature, plant type, plant height, stalk thickness, total number of sheets, can picking leaves number, Leaf positional distribution uniformity, internode away from, leaf, blade is big
Small, upper leaf hacking potentiality, blade thickness, leaf color, blade face be smooth or shrinkage degree, mesophyll tissue are careful or degree of roughness, leaf
Piece flexibility, blade master pulse thickness, stalk/leaf maturity more resistance to than size, blade maturation uniformity, blade, topmost may be used at cauline leaf angle
Picking leaves attachment region away from center spur from, cigarette wooden fork how much.
4. the recurrent selection population of high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding according to claim 1 creates and selection method,
It is characterized by: the economic characters specifically include weight per leaf, suitable production property, the output value, average price, first-class cigarette ratio, upper medium grade cigarette ratio
Example；The quality trait specifically includes tobacco leaf presentation quality, chemical component, physical characteristic, sensory evaluating smoking's mass after modulation.
5. high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding described in any one of -4 according to claim 1 recurrent selection population creation and
Selection method, it is characterised in that: taking turns after selection group Ci is created when certain further includes the measure for introducing heterologous germplasm, then according to as follows
Step carries out:
(1) by Ci group seed and heterologous germplasm seed in tobacco growing season in field planting, select cigarette strain from Ci group
Growth traits and morphological characters show 500-1000 plants of more satisfactory cigarette strain, also select 500-1000 from heterologous germplasm group
Ci group is selected in single plant when blooming and heterologous germplasm group is selected in single plant and carries out paired cross, obtains 500-1000 by strain cigarette strain
Each cross combination is taken the sufficiently equal grains of 50-150 seeds to mix respectively and constitutes group K by a cross combination seed；
(2) it selects cigarette strain growth potential and morphological characters in group K to show relatively ideal cigarette strain 2000-3000 plants, blooms
Shi Jinhang paired cross obtains 1000-1500 cross combination seed, takes 50-150 seeds to fill respectively each cross combination
Equal grains mixing is divided to constitute group L；
(3) by cigarette strain growth potential in the Ci group and morphological characters show relatively ideal 1000-1500 plant cigarette strain and
Cigarette strain growth potential and the relatively ideal 1000-1500 plants of cigarette strain of morphological characters performance carry out paired cross in group L, obtain
Each cross combination is taken the sufficiently equal grains of 50-150 seeds to mix respectively and constitutes group by 1000-1500 cross combination seed
M；
(4) it selects cigarette strain growth potential and morphological characters in group M to show relatively ideal cigarette strain 2000-3000 plants, blooms
Shi Jinhang paired cross obtains 1000-1500 cross combination seed, takes 50-150 seeds to fill respectively each cross combination
Equal grains mixing is divided to constitute new recurrent selection basic population C0'；
(5) using the seed of new recurrent selection basic population C0', the step (6) in claim 1 is continuously repeated to (10), is obtained
To new selection group C1', C2', C3'Cn'；
Wherein, 1≤i≤n, the heterologous germplasm include new anti-source, new quality trait source, new adaptability source and new height
Produce easy modulation source.
6. the recurrent selection population of high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding according to claim 5 creates and selection method,
It is characterized by: when needing to introduce 2 heterologous germplasm simultaneously after certain takes turns selection group Ci creation, it can be heterologous by 2 first
Germplasm is hybridized, and F-1 hybrids are obtained, and is then carried out F-1 hybrids as single heterologous germplasm and Ci group seed pairs of
Hybridization.
7. the recurrent selection population of high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding according to claim 6 creates and selection method,
It is characterized by also including to recurrent selection basic population C0, new recurrent selection basic population C0', certain wheel selection group Ci or
Conventional breeding programmes are identified and be included in the single plant to do very well in the new selection group Ci' of certain wheel, and then is cultivated high-quality mostly anti-
New lines.
8. the recurrent selection population of high-quality how anti-tobacco new lines breeding according to claim 7 creates and selection method,
It is characterized by also including economic characters obtained by step (8) and the preferable strain of quality trait general performance are identified and received
Enter conventional breeding programmes, and then cultivates high-quality how anti-new lines.
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| CN110881405A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-17 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for exploring and utilizing cutting hand density breeding potential of sugarcane wild species |
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| CN109601369B (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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