CN104885610B - A kind of method of salt-soda soil salinity resistance control - Google Patents
A kind of method of salt-soda soil salinity resistance control Download PDFInfo
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- CN104885610B CN104885610B CN201510338590.3A CN201510338590A CN104885610B CN 104885610 B CN104885610 B CN 104885610B CN 201510338590 A CN201510338590 A CN 201510338590A CN 104885610 B CN104885610 B CN 104885610B
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Abstract
It is stalk is buried in ridge lower berth, overlay film is on ridge to prevent soil salt from migrating upwards using the method for straw under the film of ridge the invention discloses a kind of method of salt-soda soil salinity resistance control.The method of a kind of salt-soda soil salinity resistance control provided by the invention, it has the advantage that: 1) ridge lower berth buries stalk salinity is prevented to migrate upwards；2) overlay film has Meteorological effect effect on ridge, while reducing evaporation from land, and salinity is prevented to migrate with capillary to earth's surface；3) buried stalk in the soil can generate organic acid and acitve organic matter matter in decay process, with fertilizing soil and can improve local salination environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to betterment of land fields, and in particular to a kind of method of salt-soda soil salinity resistance control.
Background technique
It is a principal element for influencing crop yield and utilization rate of fertilizer that northern arid oasis Water Resources Irrigation, which lacks,.Ridge
Make furrow irrigation and reformed Ground Irrigation Techniques, ridge culture planting technology and furrow irrigation side are seeped into technology and organically combined, soil moisture is reduced
The deep percolation for evaporating and pouring water improves the utilization rate and utilization efficiency of irrigation water, is a simple and practical, water-saving efficient
Farmland water-saving cultivation technique.But in actual application, there is also some problems, such as ridge face polysalt phenomenon, especially in salt
Stainization shows more prominent on arable land.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to above-mentioned defects in the prior art, provide a kind of side of salt-soda soil salinity resistance control
Method, by burying stalk in ridge lower berth, overlay film on ridge, to prevent soil salt from migrating upwards, so that it is guaranteed that crop yield.
To achieve the goals above, technical solution provided by the invention are as follows: a kind of method of salt-soda soil salinity resistance control, is to adopt
With the method for straw under the film of ridge, i.e., stalk is buried in ridge lower berth, overlay film is on ridge to prevent soil salt from migrating upwards.
Further, the method for above-mentioned a kind of salt-soda soil salinity resistance control, comprising the following steps:
1) stalk paving is buried:
After spring or autumn prepartion of land, the wheat smashed in advance or corn stover are uniformly laid in earth's surface, and when ridging will
Stalk is embedded in topsoil 20cm hereinafter, forming the salinity barrier layer of thickness about 8~10cm, and carrying out earth's surface later, to harrow a kind of farm tools smooth and cover
Film, fertilising and artificial dibbling, it is 7500kg/hm that stalk, which spreads the amount of burying,2, carbon nitrogen is adjusted according to every 100kg stalk addition 1kg urea
Than；
2) ridging overlay film:
5~7d disposably completes ridging film coating operation with corn ridging laminating machine before corn seeding, and ridging requires ridge width
100cm, row spacing 60cm, furrow width 40cm, the high 20cm in ridge, the face ridging Hou Long is smooth, with breadth 90cm, 0.005~0.006mm of thickness
Covering with ground sheeting ridge face, and in film surface every 2m firming waistband；
3) variety selection:
On 1600-1800 meters of height above sea level of newly-ploughed salt-soda soil, medium variety is selected；At 1600 meters of height above sea level it is below in, it is light
It spends on secondary salinization arable land, selects late variety；
4) it sows:
Corn is gone up April, the middle ten days is sowed, 2 rows of ridge face plantation, line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 25cm, and 6.75 ten thousand plants of thickness of sowing/
hm2, 2~3, every cave seed, 4~5cm of seed level；
5) it applies fertilizer:
The dose of maize planting is agricultural fertilizer 45t/hm2, all as base manure；Chemical fertilizer, 300~375kg/hm of nitrogen fertilizer application2,
120~150kg/hm of phosphate fertilizer2, wherein phosphate fertilizer is all as base manure, and the 40% of nitrogenous fertilizer is as base manure, remaining is 60% in corn typhon
The mouth phase combines to pour water and impose, and top dressing cave imposes on furrow inner membrance side；
6) it pours water:
The time of infertility is suitable for that irrigation quantity is 4800m3/hm2, pour water 4 times, allocation proportion of pouring water is to emerge to jointing 15%, pull out
Section is male to milking maturity 35%, milking maturity to maturation 22% to hero 28%, pumping is taken out；It pours water using small water flood irrigation, irrigation ditch；
7) field management:
Abolish in time it is hardened, look into seedling fill the gaps with seedlings, impurity elimination final singling, pull out tiller in time, in due course irrigate, top dressing, reinforce field it is miscellaneous
Grass and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
A kind of method of salt-soda soil salinity resistance control provided by the invention, it has the advantage that:
1, ridge lower berth buries stalk salinity is prevented to migrate upwards；
2, overlay film has Meteorological effect effect on ridge, while reducing evaporation from land, prevents salinity with capillary to ground
Table migration；
3, buried stalk in the soil can generate organic acid and acitve organic matter matter in decay process, and can increase fertilizer soil
Earth and the local salination environment of improvement.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
After spring prepartion of land, it is uniformly laid with the wheat stalk smashed in advance in earth's surface, stalk is embedded in topsoil when ridging
For 20cm hereinafter, forming the salinity barrier layer of thickness about 10cm, it is 7500kg/hm that stalk, which spreads the amount of burying,2, add according to every 100kg stalk
1kg urea is added to adjust carbon-nitrogen ratio.5~7d disposably completes ridging film coating operation, ridge with corn ridging laminating machine before corn seeding
Wide 60cm, furrow width 40cm, the high 20cm in ridge, overlay film on ridge.2 rows, line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows are planted in sowing corn mid-April, ridge face
25cm, 6.75 ten thousand plants/hm of thickness of sowing2.Dose is agricultural fertilizer 45t/hm2, base is done entirely to be applied；Chemical fertilizer applies N 375kg/hm2, P2O5
120kg/hm2, wherein phosphate fertilizer all makees base manure, and the 40% of nitrogenous fertilizer does base and applies, remaining 60% in corn big bell mouth stage combine pour water
It imposes, top dressing cave imposes on furrow inner membrance side.The time of infertility is suitable for the 4800m that pours water3/hm2, pour water 4 times, allocation proportion of pouring water is seedling
Phase 15%, jointing stage 28%, big bell mouth stage 35%, milk stage 22%, Shi little Shui flood irrigation of pouring water do not overflow ridge, later period field management and biography
System is flat, and to make flood irrigation corn identical.The result shows that under the film of ridge the water-saving control salt cultural method of straw with tradition is flat makees flood irrigation cultural method phase
Than corn yield increases 14.5%, and topsoil soils salt content declines 31.2%, water-saving 80m3/ mu.
Embodiment 2:
After spring prepartion of land, it is uniformly laid with the wheat stalk smashed in advance in earth's surface, stalk is embedded in topsoil when ridging
For 20cm hereinafter, forming the salinity barrier layer of thickness about 5cm, it is 3750kg/hm that stalk, which spreads the amount of burying,2, added according to every 100kg stalk
1kg urea adjusts carbon-nitrogen ratio.Other ridgings, sowing, apply fertilizer, pour water, field management measure is the same as embodiment 1.The result shows that ridge film
The lower water-saving control salt cultural method of straw with tradition is flat make flood irrigation cultural method compared with, corn yield increases 6.8%, topsoil soils salt
Divide content decline 22.5%, water-saving 80m3/ mu.
Embodiment 3:
After autumn prepartion of land, it is uniformly laid with the corn stover smashed in advance in earth's surface, stalk is embedded in topsoil when ridging
For 20cm hereinafter, forming the salinity barrier layer of thickness about 10cm, it is 7500kg/hm that stalk, which spreads the amount of burying,2, add according to every 100kg stalk
1kg urea is added to adjust carbon-nitrogen ratio.Other ridgings, sowing, apply fertilizer, pour water, field management measure is the same as embodiment 1.The result shows that ridge
Under film the water-saving control salt cultural method of straw with tradition is flat make flood irrigation cultural method compared with, corn yield increases 19.7%, topsoil soils
Salt content decline 28.6%, water-saving 80m3/ mu.
Embodiment 4:
After autumn prepartion of land, it is uniformly laid with the corn stover smashed in advance in earth's surface, stalk is embedded in topsoil when ridging
For 20cm hereinafter, forming the salinity barrier layer of thickness about 5cm, it is 3750kg/hm that stalk, which spreads the amount of burying,2, added according to every 100kg stalk
1kg urea adjusts carbon-nitrogen ratio.Other ridgings, sowing, apply fertilizer, pour water, field management measure is the same as embodiment 1.The result shows that ridge film
The lower water-saving control salt cultural method of straw with tradition is flat make flood irrigation cultural method compared with, corn yield increases 7.8%, topsoil soils salt
Divide content decline 24.3%, water-saving 80m3/ mu.
Straw salinity method for blocking and controlling is because of arable soil salt content height, straw type, stalk paving under ridge film provided by the invention
Bury thickness, stalk paving buries the difference of time etc. and it is different.In general, with mild or moderate salt-soda soil, autumn, paving bury wheat stalk,
Thickness 8~10cm effect is best.
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method of salt-soda soil salinity resistance control, which is characterized in that be to bury straw in ridge lower berth using the method for straw under the film of ridge
Stalk, overlay film is on ridge to prevent soil salt from migrating upwards；
The following steps are included:
1) stalk paving is buried:
After spring or autumn prepartion of land, the wheat smashed in advance or corn stover are uniformly laid in earth's surface, by stalk when ridging
Topsoil 20cm is embedded in hereinafter, forming the salinity barrier layer of thickness about 8~10cm, earth's surface is carried out later and harrows smooth a kind of farm tools and overlay film, applies
Fertilizer and artificial dibbling, it is 7500kg/hm that stalk, which spreads the amount of burying,2, carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted according to every 100kg stalk addition 1kg urea；
2) ridging overlay film:
5~7d disposably completes ridging film coating operation with corn ridging laminating machine before corn seeding, and ridging requires ridge width
100cm, row spacing 60cm, furrow width 40cm, the high 20cm in ridge, the face ridging Hou Long is smooth, with breadth 90cm, 0.005~0.006mm of thickness
Covering with ground sheeting ridge face, and in film surface every 2m firming waistband；
3) variety selection:
On 1600-1800 meters of height above sea level of newly-ploughed salt-soda soil, medium variety is selected；At 1600 meters of height above sea level it is below in, slight time
On raw salination arable land, late variety is selected；
4) it sows:
Corn is gone up April, the middle ten days is sowed, and 2 rows, line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 25cm, 6.75 ten thousand plants/hm of thickness of sowing are planted in ridge face2, often
2~3, cave seed, 4~5cm of seed level；
5) it applies fertilizer:
The dose of maize planting is agricultural fertilizer 45t/hm2, all as base manure；Chemical fertilizer, 300~375kg/hm of nitrogen fertilizer application2, phosphate fertilizer
120~150kg/hm2, wherein phosphate fertilizer is all as base manure, and the 40% of nitrogenous fertilizer is as base manure, remaining is 60% in corn big bell mouth stage
It is imposed in conjunction with pouring water, top dressing cave imposes on furrow inner membrance side；
6) it pours water:
The time of infertility is suitable for that irrigation quantity is 4800m3/hm2, pour water 4 times, allocation proportion of pouring water is to emerge to jointing 15%, jointing extremely
It takes out hero 28%, take out hero to milking maturity 35%, milking maturity to maturation 22%；It pours water using small water flood irrigation, irrigation ditch；
7) field management:
Abolish in time it is hardened, look into seedling fill the gaps with seedlings, impurity elimination final singling, pull out tiller in time, in due course irrigate, top dressing, reinforce weeds in field and
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
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| CN201510338590.3A CN104885610B (en) | 2015-06-18 | 2015-06-18 | A kind of method of salt-soda soil salinity resistance control |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105284368B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2021-08-10 | 山西农业大学玉米研究所(山西省农业科学院玉米研究所) | Seedling protection planting method for saline-alkali soil corns |
| CN105746029A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-07-13 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Submerged plough layer structure for promoting rooting of crops in saline and alkaline land and construction method thereof |
| CN107580817A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-16 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of salt-soda soil stalk cultivates improvement new method every salt |
| CN106171586A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-07 | 新疆林业科学院 | A kind of remove flowerpot soil in saline and alkaline method |
| CN107041217A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-08-15 | 河海大学 | Implantation methods on a kind of ridge |
| CN107667594A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-09 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | For improving the cultivation method in salt-soda soil |
| CN108513755A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-11 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A method of improveing saline-alkali grassland using maize straw |
| CN109937639A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-28 | 宁夏农林科学院农业生物技术研究中心（宁夏农业生物技术重点实验室） | A method of improvement salt-soda soil |
| CN111972229A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-24 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Green cultivation method for preventing nematodes, reducing salt and promoting yield of tomatoes |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1240570A (en) * | 1998-07-03 | 2000-01-12 | 张元席 | Planting method for desert region without irrigation |
| RU2354090C1 (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2009-05-10 | Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Волгоградская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" | Method of soy cultivation |
| CN104885741A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-09-09 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for biologically improving hardened and salinized soil through intercropping and interplanting of sainfoin and four-wing saltbush |
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2015
- 2015-06-18 CN CN201510338590.3A patent/CN104885610B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1240570A (en) * | 1998-07-03 | 2000-01-12 | 张元席 | Planting method for desert region without irrigation |
| RU2354090C1 (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2009-05-10 | Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Волгоградская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" | Method of soy cultivation |
| CN104885741A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-09-09 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for biologically improving hardened and salinized soil through intercropping and interplanting of sainfoin and four-wing saltbush |
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Inventor after: Huo Lin Inventor after: Wen Meijuan Inventor after: Yang Sicun Inventor after: Wang Chengbao Inventor after: Jiang Wanli Inventor after: Zhang Jujun Inventor after: Zhao Rui Inventor after: Fu Chongmei Inventor before: Yang Sicun Inventor before: Huo Lin Inventor before: Wang Chengbao Inventor before: Jiang Wanli |
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