CN104884244A - 叠片组和用于将板材件连接为叠片组的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种叠片组(3)和用于将板材件(2)连接为叠片组(3)的方法,其中,板材件(2)从带有至少局部的、可硬化的、聚合物粘合剂层(8、9)的板材带(5)中分离,板材件(2)以相互面对的、经粘合剂涂层的侧相互叠置,并且在压力下材料锁合地连接为叠片组(3)。为了提供有利的工艺条件而提出的是,于在材料锁合地连接板材件(2)时彼此面对的粘合剂层(8、9)的至少一个上设置有混合物(14),其具有水和热塑性的和/或可交联的增粘剂(15)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种叠片组和用于将板材件连接为叠片组的方法,其中,板材件从带有至少局部的、可硬化的聚合物粘合剂层的板材带中分离,板材件以相互面对的、经粘合剂涂层的侧相互叠置,并且在压力下材料锁合地连接为叠片组。
背景技术
为了可以将带有由烤漆构成的涂层的板材件材料锁合地连接为叠片组,由现有技术(WO2012/059588A1)公知的是,烤漆通过热来加热并且因此活化,以便在压力下将该烤漆与相邻的板材件或其烤漆粘接。此外,板材件之间的粘合剂层经受最终的硬化(例如在炉中),以便确保叠片组的机械稳定性,叠片组可以用作具有高转速的电机的定子/转子。不利的是,制造需要大量的时间和能量耗费。
发明内容
因此,从开头叙述的现有技术出发,本发明的任务是提供一种方法,利用该方法可以高效地制造牢固的叠片组。此外,该方法应该可以可重复生产地执行,并且优点是其在时间上的快速序列。
本发明以如下方式解决所提出的任务,即,于在材料锁合地连接板材件时彼此面对的粘合剂层的至少一个上设置有混合物,其具有水以及热塑性的和/或可交联的增粘剂。
如果于在材料锁合地连接板材件时彼此面对的粘合剂层的至少一个上设置有混合物(其具有水以及热塑性的和/或可交联的增粘剂),那么就可以放弃用于硬化叠片组的特殊的措施,并且节省能量地提供非常牢固的叠片组。意外地可确定的是,在与增粘剂反应的情况下,通过水来润湿粘合剂层可以产生充分预处理的边界层,利用该边界层可以连接其他粘合剂层或其他粘合剂层的增粘剂。在压力下根据本发明接合板材件现在可以完全满足:在粘合剂层之间确保可机械负荷的材料锁合的连接。这些优点尤其是在由烤漆构成的粘合剂层中表现出来,粘合剂层借助水至少部分塑化,并且因此示出与增粘剂的特别强的反应,尤其是当增粘剂由聚乙烯醇构成时。因为与现有技术不同地,其自身通过在压力下的材料锁合的接合可以提供叠片组的充分的机械稳定性,所以在其使用范围内,粘合剂层尤其是烤漆、叠片组的硬化也是可想到的。电机的通过功率损耗产生的热量可以足够硬化叠片组。因此,通过根据本发明的方法,不仅可以可重复生产地制造出牢固的叠片组,由此也可以以比较小的能量投入实现廉价的制造。
通常提及的是,烤漆根据名称公知地可以分类为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚酰胺、聚酯、改性聚酰胺等。此外,通常提及的是,增粘剂可以理解为所有用于改进复合物的粘附强度的物质。因此,除了聚乙烯醇以外,增粘剂也可以理解为通过交联反应改进复合物的粘附强度的胺类。
可能有利的是,增粘剂是水溶性的,以便在粘合剂层上提供纳米级的层厚的增粘剂层。这可以在压力下接合时确保比较高的反应能力。此外,当粘合剂层由烤漆构成并且/或者粘合剂层设置在板材带的两个带侧上并且/或者板材件通过冲裁从板材带上分离时,该方法可以简化和/或可重复生产。
工艺条件可以以如下方式进一步简化,即,混合物在材料锁合地连接板材件之前干燥。因此,不仅可以可靠地调节增粘剂或其层厚的分布,而且在压力下接合板材件时还使参数得到保证。
如果混合物在板材件分离之前施布到板材带上,那么可以确保增粘剂自身在板材件的边缘区域中的施布。粘合剂层的这种在整个表面上的润湿因此可以导致在机械上特别能负荷的叠片组。
当增粘剂在即将材料锁合地连接板材件之前活化时,板材件可以工艺可靠地接合。
如果增粘剂和粘合剂层同时活化,那么可以改进增粘剂与粘合剂层的连接。通过活化粘合剂层可以利用其表面的提高的可润湿性,以便在物理上改进地连接增粘剂与粘合剂层。
过程优化地,增粘剂和/或粘合剂层可以在板材件与板材带分离之前活化。此外,活化的方法步骤可以转移至在方法技术上不太严格的时间范围中,这可以使操作方法变得容易。尤其是当多次从板材带分离出部分,以便因此构造出待分离的板材件的尺寸时,在这些分离步骤之间可以操作友好地进行活化。
如果板材件与带有以整个表面的方式设置在板材带的两个带侧上的粘合剂层的板材带分离,那么关于引入两个粘合剂层之间的增粘剂层的操作方法可以明显变得容易。减少制造成本可以以这种方式实现。
当在分离装置下方以柱体形式相叠地堆积的板材件在分离装置的压力下材料锁合地相互连接时,可以实现板材件的连接。
为了确保板材件的牢固的材料锁合的接合,分离装置可以形成用于分离的板材件的制动。针对该目的,板材件在引导部中相叠地堆积,引导部对在引导部中的板材件的进一步移动施加阻力。
特别有利地,增粘剂可以由聚乙烯醇制成,以便在粘合剂层上产生比较薄的增粘剂层。此外,由聚乙烯醇构成的增粘剂的特别高的化学/物理反应能力可以利用烤漆确定,这可以实现在机械上特别能负荷的叠片组。为此替选地,由纤维素化合物,尤其是羧甲基纤维素构成的增粘剂也是可想到的。
如果给混合物附加填充材料,那么此外,可以减少所需的增粘剂的量。此外可以实现粘合剂层的改进的连接,并且因此实现可机械负荷的叠片组。在活化的方法步骤方面,也可以有针对性地利用填充材料。此外,高岭土可以出众地作为增粘剂层中的填充材料,增粘剂层设置在由烤漆构成的粘合剂层之间。其他填充材料是可想到的,并且因此没有排除在外。
通过给混合物附加尤其是水溶性的反应加速剂,聚合物粘合剂层与增粘剂层之间的化学反应可以明显得到改进。在烤漆粘合剂层中,将2-甲基咪唑用作反应加速剂尤其可以是出众的。如果给混合物附加水溶性的尤其是以三聚氰胺为基础的交联剂,那么聚合物的交联可以得到显著提高。部分醚化的三聚氰胺树脂尤其是可以在使用由烤漆构成的粘合剂层时是出众的。此外可想到的是,给混合物附加可分散在水中的尤其是以异氰酸酯为基础的交联剂,例如异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯。
本发明此外所提出的任务是提供一种叠片组,尽管存在高的机械强度,但该叠片组仍可以节省能量地制造。
本发明以如下方式解决所提出的关于叠片组的任务,即,在两个粘合剂层之间设置增粘剂。
如果在两个粘合剂层之间设置有增粘剂,那么与现有技术不同地可以放弃叠片组的连续制造方法中的单独的硬化步骤。增粘剂层可以提供叠片组的充分的机械强度。此外,由于可以通过设置增粘剂层来实现的机械强度而能够由在叠片组的技术应用中的制造方法来推移叠片组完全硬化的时间点。热塑性的和/或可交联的增粘剂为此是可想到的。可以由此提供廉价制造的叠片组。
当粘合剂层由烤漆构成时,可以得到特别有利的材料锁合的连接。
作为增粘剂,聚乙烯醇可以是出众的,以便产生与粘合剂层的特别强的反应。
当各一个粘合剂层设置在板材件上时,可以实现叠片组的结构上的简单性。
此外,当在制造用于电磁构件的叠片组的情况下,使用水溶性的热塑性的增粘剂,尤其是聚乙烯醇,用于构造出两个可硬化的聚合物粘合剂层(其尤其是由烤漆构成,分别施加到板材件上)之间的材料锁合的连接时,本发明相对于现有技术可以是特别出众的。
当施加有具有水和增粘剂的混合物时,可以改进之前提到的应用。
附图说明
在附图中例如借助实施例示出发明主题。其中:
图1示出用于制造叠片组的设备的示意图;
图2示出相对于图1的被切裁的放大图;
图3示出根据图1的叠片组的两个板材件之间的材料锁合的连接的细节图。
具体实施方式
根据图1例如示出设备1,利用该设备执行根据本发明的用于将板材件2连接为叠片组3的方法。因此,板材带5从卷盘4上展开,板材带在两个带侧6、7,在整个表面上具有可硬化的、由烤漆构成的聚合物粘合剂涂层8、9。借助分离装置10,由板材带5冲裁出板材件2。由于在两个带侧6、7上分别存在粘合剂涂层8、9,所以冲裁出的板材件2可以在不必翻转的情况下利用彼此面对的粘合剂涂层的侧相互叠置。在上部工具11的压力下,板材件2材料锁合地接合为叠片组3,其中,为了引导板材件2,在下部工具12中设置有引导部13。离开引导部13的叠片组3在机械上充分固定地连接,于是与现有技术不同地,在材料锁合地连接板材件2的情况下彼此面对的粘合剂层8、9的粘合剂层8上设置有混合物14,其包含水和热塑性的增粘剂15,像这尤其是可以从图2中看到的那样。聚乙烯醇用作增粘剂15。
为了施布增粘剂15,设备1具有喷射装置17,其将混合物14施加到板材带5的粘合剂涂层8上。有利地,由水和增粘剂15构成的混合物用于构造纳米级厚度的增粘剂层。增粘剂15的水溶性附加地有利于减少增粘剂层的层厚。
由于混合物14利用与喷射装置17联接的干燥装置18来干燥,所以其自身在设备1连续移动的情况下确保层厚保持不变,这可重复生产地确保在机械上稳定的叠片组3。
为了实现快速的方法流程,混合物14在板材件2分离之前施布到板材带5上。方法流程可以进一步加速,其方法是,增粘剂15和粘合剂层8、9在板材件2从板材带5分离之前活化。像图1所示那样,该方法步骤位于板材带5的两个分离步骤之间。分离装置10还事先分离板材带5的部分19,以便因此为了最终分离板材件2而准备板材带5。
比较具有反应性的增粘剂15在即将材料锁合地连接板材件2之前活化,其方法是,加热装置20将板材带5加温至100摄氏度。在加热装置20前设置有活化装置21,其用于活化粘合剂涂层8、9,其方法例如是,给这些层8、9加载热的水蒸汽。此外可想到的是,粘合剂涂层8、9和增粘剂15同时被加热装置20活化。
以如下方式得到简单的结构比,即,板材件2在下部工具12的引导部13中以柱体的形式相叠堆积,即,直接在分离装置10的上部工具11下方。尤其是具有抗粘涂层(例如聚四氟乙烯)的上部工具11通过其冲压运动22将压力施加到在引导部13中柱体形地堆积的板材件2上。因为引导部13对在引导部13中的板材件2的进一步移动施加了组制动16方式的阻力,所以会确保在压力下接合板材件2。因此提供有牢固的材料锁合的连接。
该连接此外通过填充材料23(即,高岭土),在混合物14中可机械负荷地构造出,像可以从图3看到的那样,该填充材料23布置在增粘剂15中。板材件2之间的材料锁合的连接的机械可负荷性以如下方式进一步提高,即,混合物也附加有水溶性的反应加速剂,即,2-甲基咪唑和水溶性的交联剂,即,部分醚化的三聚氰胺树脂。因此提供了牢固的叠片组3。
通常要提及的是,通过活化烤漆和/或增粘剂,物理连接是可能的。在此,相关的物质变得具有粘性,从而可以构建出材料锁合的连接。化学硬化连接在此不必强制性地发生。有利地,烤漆和增粘剂在活化时同时承受温度,由此可以活化这两种物质。在此,带有+-10%的带宽的70至100℃的温度是可想到的。
根据图1,此外,在设备1上看到涂层辊子23、24,其依赖于设备1的未详细示出的控制或调节装置将分离涂层施加到板材带5,即,施加到其聚合物粘合剂涂层8上。这例如可以借助被层压的分离薄膜实现。在板材带5的每个区域中以如下方式进行涂层,即,在分离被涂层的板材件后,该板材件从相邻的叠片组3的分离变得容易。例如,在叠片组中,将带有位于外部的涂层的板材件构造为叠片组3的第一或最后的板材件。此外可想到的是,该板材件位于相邻的叠片组3之间,并且因此更容易将叠片组3分离。
涂层辊子的驱动根据设备的进给可以通过控制或调节装置调节,并且保证了带有薄膜的板材带5的可靠的层压。压力和温度稳定的薄膜是优选的,以便确保可重复生产的方法。
Claims (19)
1.一种用于将板材件(2)连接为叠片组(3)的方法,其中,板材件(2)从带有至少局部的、能硬化的聚合物粘合剂层(8、9)的板材带(5)中分离,所述板材件(2)以相互面对的、经粘合剂涂层的侧相互叠置,并且在压力下材料锁合地连接为叠片组(3),其特征在于,于在材料锁合地连接所述板材件(2)时彼此面对的粘合剂层(8、9)的至少一个上设置有混合物(14),所述混合物具有水和热塑性的和/或能交联的增粘剂(15)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述增粘剂(15)是水溶性的,并且/或者所述粘合剂层(8、9)由烤漆构成,并且/或者所述粘合剂层(8、9)设置在所述板材带(5)的两个带侧(6、7)上,并且/或者所述板材件(2)通过冲裁与所述板材带(5)分离。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述混合物(14)在材料锁合地连接所述板材件(2)之前干燥。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述混合物(14)在所述板材件(2)分离之前施布到所述板材带(5)上。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述增粘剂(15)在即将材料锁合地连接所述板材件(2)之前活化。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述增粘剂(15)和所述粘合剂层(8、9)同时活化。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的方法,其特征在于,多次从所述板材带(5)分离出部分(2、19),其中,所述增粘剂(14)和/或所述粘合剂层(8、9)在所述板材件(2)从所述板材带(5)分离之前活化。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述板材件(2)与带有以整个表面的方式设置在所述板材带(5)的两个板材侧(6、7)上的粘合剂层(8、9)的板材带(5)分离。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在分离装置(10)下方以柱体形式相叠地堆积的板材件(2)在分离装置(10)的压力下材料锁合地相互连接。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述板材件在引导部(13)中相叠地堆积,所述引导部对在所述引导部(13)中的所述板材件(2)的进一步移动施加阻力。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述增粘剂(15)由聚乙烯醇或者纤维素化合物,尤其是羧甲基纤维素构成。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,给所述混合物(14)附加填充材料(23),例如高岭土。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述混合物附加有尤其是水溶性的反应加速剂,例如2-甲基咪唑和/或水溶性的尤其是以三聚氰胺为基础的交联剂,例如部分醚化的三聚氰胺树脂,和/或能分散在水中的尤其是以异氰酸酯为基础的交联剂,例如异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯。
14.一种带有材料锁合地连接的板材件(2)的叠片组,其具有至少两个设置在两个板材件(2)之间的能硬化的聚合物粘合剂层(8、9),其特征在于,在两个粘合剂层(8、9)之间设置有增粘剂(15)。
15.根据权利要求14所述的叠片组,其特征在于,所述粘合剂层(8、9)由烤漆构成。
16.根据权利要求14或15所述的叠片组,其特征在于,增粘剂(15)由聚乙烯醇构成。
17.根据权利要求14、15或16所述的叠片组,其特征在于,在板材件(2)上设置有各一个粘合剂层(8、9)。
18.水溶性的、热塑性的增粘剂(15),尤其是聚乙烯醇的用途,用以在制造用于电磁构件的叠片组(3)的情况下构造出两个能硬化的尤其是由烤漆构成、分别施加到板材件(2)上的聚合物粘合剂层(8、9)之间的材料锁合的连接。
19.根据权利要求18所述的用途,其特征在于,施加有混合物(14),所述混合物具有水和增粘剂(15)。
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CN110140285B (zh) * | 2016-10-27 | 2021-07-23 | 奥钢联汽车零部件代廷根两合公司 | 用于将板材件连接成板材组的设备和方法 |
CN110140285A (zh) * | 2016-10-27 | 2019-08-16 | 奥钢联汽车零部件代廷根两合公司 | 用于将板材件连接成板材组的设备和方法 |
CN110574255A (zh) * | 2017-03-09 | 2019-12-13 | 奥钢联汽车零部件代廷根两合公司 | 用于将片材件连接为叠片组的设备和方法 |
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CN111295427A (zh) * | 2017-11-03 | 2020-06-16 | 弗劳恩霍夫应用研究促进协会 | 用于将电工板和根据相应方法制成的电工板叠粘合连接的方法 |
CN112334300A (zh) * | 2018-04-20 | 2021-02-05 | 奥钢联钢铁有限责任公司 | 涂层金属板带及其生产方法 |
CN112334300B (zh) * | 2018-04-20 | 2022-12-13 | 奥钢联钢铁有限责任公司 | 涂层金属板带及其生产方法 |
CN112368144A (zh) * | 2018-05-18 | 2021-02-12 | 奥钢联钢铁公司 | 电工钢带材或电工钢板材、用于生产这种电工钢带材或电工钢板材的方法以及由其制成的叠片组 |
CN112368144B (zh) * | 2018-05-18 | 2023-11-14 | 奥钢联钢铁公司 | 电工钢带材或电工钢板材、用于生产电工钢带材或电工钢板材的方法以及由其制成的叠片组 |
CN114286726A (zh) * | 2019-05-08 | 2022-04-05 | 奥钢联钢铁公司 | 将板材件冲压叠组成板叠的方法 |
CN113748590A (zh) * | 2019-05-20 | 2021-12-03 | 蒂森克虏伯钢铁欧洲股份公司 | 用于制造用于电机的电磁部件,特别是叠片铁芯,例如定子铁芯或者转子铁芯的方法 |
CN115768630A (zh) * | 2020-04-07 | 2023-03-07 | 奥钢联汽车零部件代廷根两合公司 | 用于将板材件连接成叠片组的设备和方法 |
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CN115257140A (zh) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-11-01 | 中山市正茂机械设备有限公司 | 一种瓦楞纸板集中粘胶机 |
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EP2883692B1 (de) | 2022-08-17 |
MX370378B (es) | 2019-12-10 |
US10391741B2 (en) | 2019-08-27 |
US20150314563A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
HUE060437T4 (hu) | 2023-12-28 |
PL2883692T3 (pl) | 2023-01-09 |
EP2931520A1 (de) | 2015-10-21 |
WO2014089593A1 (de) | 2014-06-19 |
CN112937010A (zh) | 2021-06-11 |
EP2883692A1 (de) | 2015-06-17 |
JP2016506313A (ja) | 2016-03-03 |
EP2931520C0 (de) | 2024-01-31 |
AT512931B1 (de) | 2013-12-15 |
AT512931A4 (de) | 2013-12-15 |
MX2015007405A (es) | 2015-09-16 |
JP6548081B2 (ja) | 2019-07-24 |
KR102211301B1 (ko) | 2021-02-03 |
HUE060437T2 (hu) | 2023-03-28 |
SI2883692T1 (sl) | 2023-01-31 |
EP2931520B1 (de) | 2024-01-31 |
KR20150095700A (ko) | 2015-08-21 |
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