CN104855170B - A kind of Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings - Google Patents
A kind of Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN104855170B CN104855170B CN201510286124.5A CN201510286124A CN104855170B CN 104855170 B CN104855170 B CN 104855170B CN 201510286124 A CN201510286124 A CN 201510286124A CN 104855170 B CN104855170 B CN 104855170B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings, step is as follows: nursery Farm Planning；Nursery frame makes；Paving soil；Sowing；Water；Shading covers；Rice shoot manages；Transplant；Tear frame open.The Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings profit of the present invention breaches the conventional thought of nursery in seedling dish before, material relatively low with cost, repeatable utilization makes nursery frame, it is high that solution utilizes standard rice seedling nursing disc to cultivate Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling cost, efficiency is low, the problem that Seedling block is short, thus reduce seedling cost, cultivate length-adjustable Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling.Cultivating Brassica campestris L blanket seedbed soil packing speed soon by this method, seedling taking is convenient, and framework is long for service life, and breeding efficiency improves, and seedling cost is decreased obviously.The blanket Seedling size simultaneously brought out can adjust according to actual needs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings, belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
Plant the main crop succession that winter rape is China's Yangtze river basin Rape-seed production after rice harves, production mainly has live and two kinds of planting patternss of culturing and transplanting seedlings.The slowest owing to producing at present upper Oryza sativa L. crops for rotation, cross Brassica campestris L after rice harves and fitted date of seeding, more directly sowed often in land for growing field crops because growth time is the shortest and be difficult to obtain high yield before the winter.Culturing and transplanting seedlings is the effective way solving rice stubble winter rape crops for rotation deficiency problem, obtains large-area applications on producing, and to improving, China's yield of rape is significant.But traditional culturing and transplanting seedlings uses seedbed nursery, manually lifts seedlings transplanting, this mode all relies on manual labour, use manually the most, labor intensity is big, production cost is high, in the case of rural laborer is becoming tight day, it is difficult to adapt to production requirement, has seriously govern the enthusiasm of peasant planting Brassica campestris L.
The Chinese invention patent of Application No. 201210418971.9 discloses a kind of cultivating method of rape blanket seedlings, utilizes standard rice seedling nursing disc to cultivate Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling, and then the rice transplanter by certain modification is quickly planted, high-speed and high-efficiency, dart transfer.This technology is to solve rape production mechanization transplanting to propose brand-new solution.This invention uses standardization seedling dish to carry out seedling as support, and seedling dish cost is about 4-7 unit/dish, calculates with seedling 25 disc gage by every mu, and the most every mu 100-150 unit of light seedling dish cost, input cost is bigger.Seedling dish uses plastics as raw material mostly simultaneously, and service life is limited, there is seedling dish and processes problem, easily cause environmental pollution after seedling dish is aging.The a length of 58cm of blanket Seedling that standardization seedling dish is cultivated, and rice transplanter once can put into the rice shoot of 100-120cm length.On the one hand increase the length of blanket Seedling to reduce and put Seedling frequency thus improve and plant efficiency, on the other hand can reduce by two pieces of uneven phenomenons of blanket Seedling joint seedling taking.
Reduce seedling cost, improve transplanting efficiency and effect is the direction that current Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling machinery transplantation technique needs development.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to utilize standard rice seedling nursing disc to cultivate Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling cost height, the relatively-stationary problem of Seedling block size, thus reduces seedling cost, cultivates the Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling of size adjustable.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, present invention provide the technical scheme that a kind of Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings, including following content:
1, nursery Farm Planning.Nursery is smooth concrete floor, or spreads plastic sheeting on smooth farmland.The effect of plastic sheeting be prevent rice shoot root system in depth under, cause seedling taking difficulty and damage to root system during seedling taking.
2, nursery frame makes.With material (such as aluminium alloy, PVC, timber etc.) making nursery frame that is straight and that be unlikely to deform, can be used repeatedly.Such texture material is firm, lightweight, and can repeatedly use, and advantageously reduces seedling cost.Described nursery frame is the frame structure having certain length built with frame material processed, this nursery frame having certain length be collectively referred to as big frame, nursery frame overall length and beam overall do not limit, depending on frame material processed and nursery place size.The height of nursery frame is relatively fixed, about 1-5cm.The little frame of several continuous print it is divided into as required inside nursery frame.For nursery frame (big frame), separating materials requires relatively thin, it is therefore an objective to less take the actual seedlings growing area in big frame, and when calculating rice shoot area, separating materials is taken up space and can relatively ignore.Little frame length and width depending on the Zhuan Miao mechanism length and width of transplanting machine, general a width of 20-40cm, a length of 50-120cm.Height is identical with big frame height.The purpose using big frame is disposably to be bred as the blanket Seedling of larger area, improves bed soil charging efficiency and final-period management efficiency.The purpose being divided into some little frames is the disposable blanket Seedling forming some applicable transplanting machine size requirements, it is simple to lifting and transport.
3, paving soil.In nursery frame, the prior Nutrition Soil through preparation of loading is as seedling bed earth, strikes off along suitable for reading with wooden rule.Nutrition Soil derives from front stubble non-cruciferae crop field block, sieve, and quality is thin and uniform.Brassica campestris L is crop in cruciferae, for preventing the transmission of source of disease thing, it is desirable to soil sources is front stubble non-cruciferae crop field block.The purpose sieved is to remove stone, grass and the larger particles in soil.Quality carefully and uniformly purpose is to ensure that emerges neatly.With at rice seedling nursing disc built-in soil phase ratio, in the nursery frame overall as, paving soil efficiency can improve 5-10 times.
4, sowing.Density as required is sown into Semen Brassicae campestris in nursery frame equably.After planting by bed earth mulch kind, lid kind thickness 1-5mm, thickness is uniform.Lid kind thickness is the thinnest, and preserve soil moisture poor effect, the thickest, can affect seeding ratio.
5, water.With tiny current, bed soil is watered moistening.Seed is easily gone out too greatly by current.
6, shading covers.Nursery frame covers layer of plastic film heat and moisture preserving, notices that thin film can not contact with bed soil.Thin film can be adsorbed with water on bed soil surface after contacting with bed soil, causes this Some seeds not emerge because of anoxia.Thin film covers one layer of straw screen or mat shading again darken.Dismantle after emerging.
7, seeding stage management.Before one leaf phase, the chance rainy day to cover and to keep a full stand of seedings, and prevents rainwater from rushing Seedling.Optionally keep the skin wet and fertilizer during nursery.Turning white and i.e. to keep the skin wet in bed soil surface, water to irrigate.Blade falls Huang fertilizer to be supplemented.Transplant and execute once to send and transfer fertilizer the last week, it is therefore an objective to promoting rice shoot to plant behind land for growing field crops fertilizer efficiency in time on root, can add a speed of quickly living.Transplant the previous day water foot determine root water, it is therefore an objective to increase transplant time root band soil amount, improve rice shoot survival rate with survive speed.
8, seedling taking.Rice shoot length can seedling taking be transplanted to 4-5 leaf after date.First nursery frame entirety is lifted during seedling taking and remove, by rice shoot stand-down, then rice shoot has carefully been carried entrucking.Such method seedling taking is very convenient, with fast 3-5 times of seedling taking phase specific rate in seedling dish.
9, frame is torn open.After nursery completes, carefully nursery frame is disassembled cleaning, properly preserve nursery next time and use again.
Beneficial effect:
The Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings profit of the present invention breaches the conventional thought of nursery in seedling dish before, material relatively low with cost, repeatable utilization makes nursery frame, solving and utilize standard rice seedling nursing disc to cultivate Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling cost height, efficiency is low, the problem that Seedling block size is fixing.With compared with nursery in rice seedling nursing disc, cultivating Brassica campestris L blanket seedbed soil packing speed by this method and can improve 5-10 times, seedling taking is convenient, and framework is long for service life, and breeding efficiency improves, and overall seedling cost can decline 1/5-1/4.The blanket Seedling size simultaneously brought out can adjust according to actual needs, and machinery transplanting efficiency can get a promotion further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the nursery frame of Fig. 1: the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one
A kind of Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings of the present embodiment specifically comprises the following steps that
1, nursery Farm Planning: nursery is smooth concrete floor.
2, nursery frame makes: with width be 2cm, thickness be one a length of 280.9cm of aluminium alloy extrusions system of 2.5cm, a width of 116cm framework.Every the groove of 28cm one a width of 1mm of saw on two frames, inserting thickness is the aluminum alloy baffle plate of 1mm, and big frame is separated into 10 a length of 116cm, the little frame of a width of 28cm.
3, paving soil: being laid on concrete floor by multiple nursery frames, both sides leave aisle.In nursery frame, the prior Nutrition Soil through preparation of loading is as seedling bed earth, strikes off along suitable for reading with wooden rule.
4, sowing: density as required is sown into Semen Brassicae campestris in nursery frame equably.After planting by bed earth mulch kind, lid kind thickness 2mm, thickness is uniform.
5, water: with tiny current, bed soil is irrigated.
6, shading covers: covers layer of plastic film insulation on nursery frame, notices that thin film can not contact with bed soil.Thin film covers one layer of straw screen or mat shading again.Dismantle after emerging.
7, rice shoot management: before the leaf phase, the chance rainy day to cover and to keep a full stand of seedings, and prevents rainwater from rushing Seedling.Optionally keep the skin wet and fertilizer during nursery.Turning white and i.e. to keep the skin wet in bed soil surface, water to irrigate.Blade falls Huang fertilizer to be supplemented.Transplant to execute once to send the last week and transfer fertilizer, transplant to water the previous day and determine root water enough.
8, seedling taking: seedling length to 4-5 leaf after date can seedling taking be transplanted.First nursery frame entirety is lifted during seedling taking and remove, by rice shoot stand-down, then rice shoot has carefully been carried entrucking.
9, tear frame open: after nursery completes, carefully nursery frame is disassembled cleaning, properly preserve nursery next time and use again.
Embodiment two
A kind of Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings of the present embodiment specifically comprises the following steps that
1, nursery Farm Planning: nursery is the face, field of leveling, above paving layer of plastic film；
2, nursery frame makes: with width be 5cm, thickness be one a length of 280.9cm of PVC profile system of 3cm, a width of 205cm is at big frame；Framework along length direction width be 5cm, thickness be the wing-rooms on either side of a one-story house that the PVC material of 3cm is divided into a width of 100cm；Every the groove of 28cm one a width of 1mm of saw on the frame of wing-rooms on either side of a one-story house, inserting thickness is the dividing plate of 1mm, and big frame is separated into 20 a length of 100cm, the little frame of a width of 28cm；
3, paving soil: being laid on concrete floor by multiple nursery frames, both sides leave aisle；In nursery frame, the prior Nutrition Soil through preparation of loading is as seedling bed earth, strikes off along suitable for reading with wooden rule；
4, sowing: density as required is sown into Semen Brassicae campestris in nursery frame equably；After planting by bed earth mulch kind, lid kind thickness 2mm, thickness is uniform；
5, water: with tiny current, bed soil is irrigated；
6, shading covers: covers layer of plastic film insulation on nursery frame, notices that thin film can not contact with bed soil；Thin film covers one layer of straw screen or mat shading again；Dismantle after emerging；
7, rice shoot management: before the leaf phase, the chance rainy day to cover and to keep a full stand of seedings, and prevents rainwater from rushing Seedling.Optionally keep the skin wet and fertilizer during nursery.Turning white and i.e. to keep the skin wet in bed soil surface, water to irrigate.Blade falls Huang fertilizer to be supplemented.Transplant to execute once to send the last week and transfer fertilizer, transplant to water the previous day and determine root water enough；
8, seedling taking: rice shoot length to 4-5 leaf after date can seedling taking be transplanted；First nursery frame entirety is lifted during seedling taking and remove, by rice shoot stand-down, then rice shoot has carefully been carried entrucking；
9, tear frame open: after nursery completes, carefully nursery frame is disassembled cleaning, properly preserve nursery next time and use again.
Embodiment three
A kind of Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings of the present embodiment specifically comprises the following steps that
1, nursery Farm Planning: nursery is smooth concrete floor；
2, nursery frame make: frame material processed be width be 2.5cm, thickness be the aluminum alloy flake of 1mm；Respectively every 28cm, the side of the thin slice that two root lengths are 290.9cm being opened a deep groove for 1.25cm, respectively open 11 grooves, two ends stay 5cm blank；Intercept the thin slice of 11 a length of 59cm, open a deep groove for 1.25cm respectively away from two ends 5mm；Two root length foil notches upwards being stood in ground, 11 short foil notches are respectively clamped into downwards sliver, notch blocks kiss mutually with notch；So it is made for 10 a length of 58cm, the nursery frame of a width of 28cm, a height of 2.5cm；
3, paving soil: being laid on concrete floor by multiple nursery frames, both sides leave aisle；In nursery frame, the prior Nutrition Soil through preparation of loading is as seedling bed earth, strikes off along suitable for reading with wooden rule；
4, sowing: density as required is sown into Semen Brassicae campestris in nursery frame equably；After planting by bed earth mulch kind, lid kind thickness 2mm, thickness is uniform；
5, water: with tiny current, bed soil is irrigated；
6, shading covers: covers layer of plastic film insulation on nursery frame, notices that thin film can not contact with bed soil；Thin film covers one layer of straw screen or mat shading again；Dismantle after emerging；
7, rice shoot management: before the leaf phase, the chance rainy day to cover and to keep a full stand of seedings, and prevents rainwater from rushing Seedling.Optionally keep the skin wet and fertilizer during nursery.Turning white and i.e. to keep the skin wet in bed soil surface, water to irrigate.Blade falls Huang fertilizer to be supplemented.Transplant to execute once to send the last week and transfer fertilizer, transplant to water the previous day and determine root water enough；
8, seedling taking: rice shoot length to 4-5 leaf after date can seedling taking be transplanted；Transplant to execute once to send the last week and transfer fertilizer, water the previous day and once determine root water；First nursery frame is lifted during seedling taking, by rice shoot stand-down, then rice shoot has carefully been carried entrucking；
9, tear frame open: after nursery completes, carefully nursery frame is disassembled cleaning, properly preserve nursery next time and use again；
Cultivating Brassica campestris L blanket seedbed soil packing speed soon by this method, seedling taking is convenient, and framework is long for service life, and breeding efficiency improves, and seedling cost is decreased obviously.The blanket Seedling size simultaneously brought out can adjust according to actual needs.
The above; it it is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention; not the present invention is made any pro forma restriction; any those skilled in the art; in the range of without departing from technical solution of the present invention; according to the technical spirit of the present invention, any simple amendment being made above example, equivalent and improvement etc., within all still falling within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that: step is as follows:
(1) nursery Farm Planning；
(2) nursery frame makes: described nursery frame is the frame structure having certain length built with frame material processed, the biggest frame；The overall length of the biggest frame of nursery frame and beam overall are depending on frame material processed and nursery place size, and described nursery frame frame material is divided into several little frames, and the length and width of little frame is depending on the Zhuan Miao mechanism length and width of transplanting machine；
(3) paving soil: the prior Nutrition Soil through preparation of loading is as seedling bed earth in nursery frame, strikes off along suitable for reading with wooden rule, and Nutrition Soil derives from the front stubble non-cruciferae crop field block sieved；
(4) sowing: planting density as required is sown into Semen Brassicae campestris in nursery frame equably, after planting by bed earth mulch kind, thickness is uniform, and the thickness of lid kind is 1-5mm, and thickness is uniform；
(5) water: with tiny current, bed soil is watered moistening；
(6) shading covers；
(7) seeding stage management: optionally keep the skin wet and fertilizer during nursery；
(8) seedling taking: transplant；Tear frame open: after nursery completes, carefully nursery frame is disassembled cleaning, properly preserve nursery next time and use again；Described transplanting is: rice shoot length can be transplanted to 4-5 leaf after date, transplants to execute once to send the last week and transfers fertilizer, transplants to water the previous day and once determines root water, is first lifted by nursery frame, by rice shoot stand-down, then rice shoot has carefully been carried entrucking during seedling taking.
2. the Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described nursery place nursery is smooth concrete floor, or spreads plastic sheeting on smooth farmland.
3. the Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: with material making nursery frame that is straight and that be unlikely to deform, can be used repeatedly.
4. the Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: make nursery frame with aluminium alloy, PVC or timber.
5. the Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the height of nursery frame is 1-5cm, and it is thinner than the frame material processed built big frame and used to be divided into the frame material processed of little frame.
6. the Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: little frame a width of
20-40cm, a length of 50-120cm, height is identical with big frame.
7. the Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the little frame that described little frame is continuous print, area is identical.
8. the Brassica campestris L blanket Seedling frame-type method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described shading is covered as: on nursery frame, cover layer of plastic film insulation, notice that thin film can not contact with bed soil, thin film covers one layer of straw screen or mat shading again, dismantles after emerging.
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| CN106305071A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 扬州大学 | Method for water management in seedling germination and emergence phase of rape seedling culture |
| CN109315243A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-12 | 镇江金花农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method of high temperature season industrialized cultivation Chinese little greens |
| CN111543261A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-18 | 舒城县农业技术推广中心 | Rape seedling culture method |
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| CN101248739B (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2011-06-29 | 中国水稻研究所 | Grid type bowl blanket-shaped seedling rice seedling raising disk |
| CN201282675Y (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2009-08-05 | 中国水稻研究所 | Upper alms bowl lower blanket type alms bowl-shaped blanket-liked seedling-cultivation plate and alms bowl-shaped blanket-liked seedling |
| CN202104077U (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-01-11 | 中国水稻研究所 | Novel pot-mat seedling raising disk |
| CN201947729U (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-08-31 | 中国水稻研究所 | Novel bowl-shaped carpet type rice seedling tray |
| CN102907228B (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-03-12 | 扬州大学 | Cultivating method of rape blanket seedlings |
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