CN104838816A - Method of harvesting white atractylodes rhizome seeds - Google Patents
Method of harvesting white atractylodes rhizome seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN104838816A CN104838816A CN201510230106.5A CN201510230106A CN104838816A CN 104838816 A CN104838816 A CN 104838816A CN 201510230106 A CN201510230106 A CN 201510230106A CN 104838816 A CN104838816 A CN 104838816A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method of harvesting white atractylodes rhizome seeds. According to the method, the clarity of the harvested atractylodes rhizome seeds can reach up to above 96% and the hundred-grain weight can reach up to above 2.1532g by determining the best seed harvesting period, harvesting, drying, kneading, removing fuzzes, winnowing, bagging and storing. Compared with the 1.7749g of the hundred-grain weight, the seed quality index can be significantly improved, the empty rate can be reduced, the problems that the seeds are bad in quality and are free from endurable storage can be caused by green and empty seeds due to premature in the prior art can be effectively solved, the harvesting quality of the atractylodes rhizome seeds can be improved, the quality guarantee can be provided for the planting, sowing and seedling raising of the atractylodes rhizome seeds, the waste of atractylodes rhizome seeds can be prevented, the seed quality and seed clarity can be improved by adopting a way of drying and then kneading, and the storage time and germination rate of the seeds can be improved by adding peppers and controlling the storage temperature in a refrigeration house; furthermore, the method has the characteristics of being simple in harvesting method and high in harvesting efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of traditional Chinese medicine Atractylodes macrocephala seed harvesting technique, particularly a kind of feverfew Atractylodes macrocephala seed collecting method.
Background technology
The bighead atractylodes rhizome
atractylodes macrocephalakoidz. be composite family
echinochloa crus-galli(L.), [WTBX
atractylodesherbaceos perennial, its rhizome is used as medicine; Its bitter, sweet, warm in nature; Return spleen, stomach warp, there is strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi, eliminating dampness Li Shui, hidroschesis, antiabortive effect; The bighead atractylodes rhizome is capitulum, generally has 6-10 involucre, and bract is green, long 3-4 centimetre, and needle prick shape pinniform is totally cleaved, and involucre is large, wide mitriform, diameter 3-4 centimetre, top aubergine; Whole bract top is blunt, edge adularescent spider's thread hair; Achene inverted cone-shaped, long 7.5 millimeters, by forward along the long broad wool of the dense white of volt.Pappus bristle featheriness, dirty white, 15 centimetres; Because the long broad wool of white is connected on seed, to seed decontamination also with regard to relative difficulty.
At present about the fresh rare report of Atractylodes macrocephala seed harvesting technique, the main Conventional wisdom by peasant of gathering on producing, but method owes science, reasonability; Atractylodes macrocephala seed mature period is longer, seed gather certain time limit, the seed of gathering too early is immature, and water content is high, perishable rotten, not storage endurance, the nutrient of accumulation is less, and flat grain is many, seed is not full, germination rate and germination vigor low, sprout after seedling small and weak; Spend evening to gather, oneself can germinate in involucre after seed maturity, consume nutriment, seed quality degradation, comes off about two weeks usually after maturation, cannot collect after coming off.Gather and should carry out when seed full maturity, gathering in time again prevents seed maturity from coming off, and also need after gathering to dry, except fine hair, except measures such as flat grains, therefore this is a complicated technical work.Current Atractylodes macrocephala seed collecting method is comparatively original, due to picking time, collecting method, gather, the operation such as modulation do not take scientific and reasonable technological means, cause that seed green grass or young crops is flat, foreign material are many, cleanliness is low, seed storage is improper makes the phenomenon such as germination rate decline, the mold of seed, not storage tolerance, under adopting Indoor Natural temperature and humidity condition, half a year can be stored at most, store in 1 year at Indoor Natural temperature and humidity condition, the germination rate of its seed is almost nil, loses Seed practical value.Therefore how to take effective harvesting technique, the modulation of bighead atractylodes rhizome seed collection is had important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the collecting method providing a kind of Atractylodes macrocephala seed, seed plumpness is good, seed foreign material are few, cleanliness is high, harvest efficiency is high, for shelf-stable, storage germination rate are high, better science of gathering and rationally, seed quality is high, to overcome the deficiency of prior art problem.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of collecting method of Atractylodes macrocephala seed, comprises the following steps:
(1) picking time is determined: late September-late October, part a little open when bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre is become from the state of tightening up and can see white-colored hairs, involucre color is pitchy, and this period is Atractylodes macrocephala seed optimal harvest time, and Atractylodes macrocephala seed need be gathered in batches;
(2) gather: select bright day gas, gather with gunnysack or pack basket instrument;
(3) dry: being spread out by the bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre picked dries in the air dries in the shade in ventilation place, and avoid sunshine, dry in the air 5-8 days, now bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre full expand, and treat that white-colored hairs can drop out, seed moisture content is at 6%-9%;
(4) rub: the bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre dried is contained in sieve container, puts on one's gloves, the fine hair on seed is rubbed with the hands;
(5) remove floss: the seed rubbed with the hands and fine hair are put into dustpan, sieve removal fine hair of winnowing with a dustpan;
(6) selection by winnowing, puts into grain fanning-sorting machine by removing the seed of fine hair in step (5) and carries out selection by winnowing;
(7) pack: select ventilative gunnysack or nylon net bag, add Chinese prickly ash, pack;
(8) store: put into freezer after being packed by Atractylodes macrocephala seed, temperature controls, for 4-5 degree Celsius, to avoid ventilating.
Preferably, above-mentioned steps (6) the apoplexy seed selection period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, the power of winnower winnowing machine is 180W and maximum quantity of wind 3.8m
3/ min, can remove the flat grain of seed by this air quantity and be lighter than the impurity of seed, thus improving seed quality and physical purity of seed.
Preferably, 100g pepper grain is put in the every 100 jin of Atractylodes macrocephala seed of Chinese prickly ash in above-mentioned steps (7), pepper flavor can play the effect of expelling and damaging by worms, thus the storage time of seed is improved, be placed in the middle of Atractylodes macrocephala seed bag with gauze parcel, the Chinese prickly ash taste distributed can cover every nook and cranny, improves the overall storage quality of seed.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: compared with prior art, the present invention has following effect:
(1) by determining optimal harvest time, dry, rub, remove floss, selection by winnowing, pack and storage, the Atractylodes macrocephala seed cleanliness of gathering is made to reach more than 96%, 100-grain weight reaches more than 2.1532g, compare existing 100-grain weight 1.7749g, seed quality index significantly improves, efficiently solve the blue or green flat problem causing seed quality difference and not storage endurance of the seed that causes because gathering too early in prior art, improve Atractylodes macrocephala seed to gather quality, for the plantation seeding and seedling raising of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae seed provides quality assurance, avoid the waste of Atractylodes macrocephala seed resource, and have the advantages that collecting method is simple and harvest efficiency is high,
(2) by first drying, rub again, Atractylodes macrocephala seed is allowed to have the process of an after-ripening, improve seed plumpness, nutrient component is preserved more, thus make seed quality better, efficiently solve in prior art that rubbing removes floss causes seed dehydration once and the problem causing seed quality not good because the bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre just picked is carried out, and bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre water content after drying is lower, avoid fine hair to stick to because water content is high on seed not easily to remove, allow fine hair remove cleaner, greatly improve physical purity of seed;
(3) employing adds Chinese prickly ash in Atractylodes macrocephala seed, can play the effect preventing moth, put into freezer after seed packet or gunnysack pack and store, control temperature is 4-5 DEG C, avoid ventilating, reducing entering of internal oxygen, improving the storage time of seed, by adding the control of Chinese prickly ash and temperature, effectively can improve storage time and the sowing germination rate of seed, after allowing Atractylodes macrocephala seed store 1-2, still can keep percentage of seedgermination, improve seed quality.
Embodiment
The bighead atractylodes rhizome is entomophilous flower, cross pollination, 30-45 days maturations after pollination, from color, seed development initial stage involucre is green, and mid-term becomes purple from green, later stage becomes brown from purple, comes to the ripening period when bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre becomes pitchy, is the best period of gathering; From form, early development, until the later stage is wide bell, cannot see white-colored hairs, when top starts to open, and visible white-colored hairs, be now optimal harvest time.Owing to can come off in two weeks after seed maturity, therefore must gather immediately after coming to the ripening period.
Embodiment: a kind of collecting method of Atractylodes macrocephala seed, comprises the following steps:
(1) picking time is determined: late September-late October, part a little open when bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre is become from the state of tightening up and can see white-colored hairs, involucre color is pitchy, and this period is Atractylodes macrocephala seed optimal harvest time, because picking time can be inconsistent, Atractylodes macrocephala seed need be gathered in batches;
(2) gather: the bighead atractylodes rhizome is feverfew, capitulum is larger, seed is wrapped in involucre entirely, rainy day or humidity is larger, involucre easily mouldy or seed directly germinates in involucre face, therefore selects bright day gas, can avoid the mold of seed and germination, gather with gunnysack or pack basket instrument, when gathering, whole involucre is taken;
(3) dry: being spread out by the bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre picked dries in the air dries in the shade in ventilation place, avoid sunshine, employing light shines, seed can be caused because of overheated change seed tissue and nutrient component, thus affect seed quality, dry in the air 5-8 days, now bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre full expand, treat that white-colored hairs can drop out, seed moisture content is at 6%-9%;
(4) rub: be contained in sieve container by the bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre dried, put on one's gloves, rubbed with the hands by the fine hair on seed, the seed fine hair after drying very easily is rubbed with the hands, and can not damage seed, ensures seed quality;
(5) remove floss: the seed rubbed with the hands and fine hair are put into dustpan, fine hair, due to lighter in weight, adopts sieve to winnow with a dustpan and very easily removes fine hair;
(6) selection by winnowing, puts into grain fanning-sorting machine by removing the seed of fine hair in step (5) and carries out selection by winnowing, and the power of winnower winnowing machine is 180W and maximum quantity of wind 3.8m
3/ min, can remove the flat grain of seed by this air quantity and be lighter than the impurity of seed, thus improving seed quality and physical purity of seed;
(7) pack: select ventilative gunnysack or nylon net bag, add Chinese prickly ash, 100g pepper grain is put in the every 100 jin of Atractylodes macrocephala seed of Chinese prickly ash, pepper flavor can play the effect of expelling and damaging by worms, thus improve the storage time of seed, be placed in the middle of Atractylodes macrocephala seed bag with gauze parcel, the Chinese prickly ash taste distributed can cover every nook and cranny, improve the overall storage quality of seed, then pack;
(8) store: put into freezer after being packed by Atractylodes macrocephala seed, temperature controls as 4-5 degree Celsius, avoid ventilating, after the entering fully of oxygen can be avoided, grow the bacterium that itches, infringement seed.
Atractylodes macrocephala seed is obtained by above collecting method, Atractylodes macrocephala seed is weighed, hundred seeds weigh more than 2.1532g, compare existing 100-grain weight 1.7749g, seed quality index significantly improves, and reduces empty flat rate, improves Atractylodes macrocephala seed and to gather quality, for the plantation seeding and seedling raising of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae seed provides quality assurance, avoid the waste of Atractylodes macrocephala seed resource.
Claims (3)
1. a collecting method for Atractylodes macrocephala seed, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) picking time is determined: late September-late October, part a little open when bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre is become from the state of tightening up and can see white-colored hairs, involucre color is pitchy, and this period is Atractylodes macrocephala seed optimal harvest time, and Atractylodes macrocephala seed need be gathered in batches;
(2) gather: select bright day gas, gather with gunnysack or pack basket instrument;
(3) dry: being spread out by the bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre picked dries in the air dries in the shade in ventilation place, and avoid sunshine, dry in the air 5-8 days, now bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre full expand, and treat that white-colored hairs can drop out, seed moisture content is at 6%-9%;
(4) rub: the bighead atractylodes rhizome involucre dried is contained in sieve container, puts on one's gloves, the fine hair on seed is rubbed with the hands;
(5) remove floss: the seed rubbed with the hands and fine hair are put into dustpan, sieve removal fine hair of winnowing with a dustpan;
(6) selection by winnowing, puts into grain fanning-sorting machine by removing the seed of fine hair in step (5) and carries out selection by winnowing;
(7) pack: select ventilative gunnysack or nylon net bag, add Chinese prickly ash, pack;
(8) store: put into freezer after being packed by Atractylodes macrocephala seed, temperature controls, for 4-5 degree Celsius, to avoid ventilating.
2. a kind of Atractylodes macrocephala seed collecting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (6) the apoplexy seed selection period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, the power of winnower winnowing machine is 180W and maximum quantity of wind 3.8m
3/ min.
3. a kind of Atractylodes macrocephala seed collecting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: put into 100g pepper grain in the every 100 jin of Atractylodes macrocephala seed of Chinese prickly ash in described step (7), is placed in the middle of Atractylodes macrocephala seed bag with gauze parcel.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105453822A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-06 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Harvesting method of cedrela sinensis seeds |
| CN106068962A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | The method for cleaning of clematis graveolens fruit |
| CN106068763A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | The method for cleaning of pittosporum tobira seed |
| CN106076798A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | The method for cleaning of Stipa purpurea fruit |
| CN106385867A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-02-15 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Cleaning method of saussurea obvallata fruits |
| CN106617206A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-05-10 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Cleaning method of rubus lambertianus fruits |
| CN107041214A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-15 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | A kind of collecting method of radix scutellariae |
| CN108966847A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-11 | 云南思农蔬菜种业发展有限责任公司 | A kind of collecting method of red sage |
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| CN106076798A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | The method for cleaning of Stipa purpurea fruit |
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| CN106068962A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | The method for cleaning of clematis graveolens fruit |
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| CN106385867A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-02-15 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Cleaning method of saussurea obvallata fruits |
| CN106617206A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-05-10 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Cleaning method of rubus lambertianus fruits |
| CN106385867B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2019-11-19 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | The method for cleaning of Saus-surea obvallata (DC.) Edgew fruit |
| CN108966847A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-11 | 云南思农蔬菜种业发展有限责任公司 | A kind of collecting method of red sage |
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