CN104782422A

CN104782422A - Prevention method for apple anthracnose

Info

Publication number: CN104782422A
Application number: CN201510214295.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李玉涛; 王立梅; 李业正; 满中合; 李文强; 高伟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-04-23
Filing date: 2015-04-23
Publication date: 2015-07-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a prevention method for the apple anthracnose. The prevention method is a comprehensive prevention method mainly depending on prevention through extracts of Chinese herbal medicine. The method comprises the steps that a disease source is eliminated during the apple growth period, and broken branches are cleaned up and dead leaves are burnt before sprouting; high-stalk crops are not planted in an orchard, and robinia pseudoacacia is not planed outside the orchard; summer pruning is carried out in time, so that crown boughs are layered and ventilated and pervious to light; after apple fruits are set, during the fruit swelling period, a large number of extracts of Chinese herbal medicine made of felwort, radix stemonae and belvedere fruits are sprayed. A field trail shows that the prevention effect reaches 99.3%, and the method is safe, efficient, free of pollution, free of residual and low in prevention cost.

Description

A kind of prevention and controls of apple anthracnose

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of fruit diseases prevention and controls, particularly relate to a kind of prevention and controls of apple anthracnose.

Background technology

Apple anthracnose is that fungal disease that is general, that endanger serious latent infection occurs, and all there are distribution and harm in China's apple producing region, is the important disease that harm Apple Industry develops in a healthy way.Survive the winter on disease fruit, Guo Tai, dry branch, mummy and branch of being caused harm by latent skin moth with mycelia.Spring produces conidium, by means of wind and rain, insect transmission.Conidium produces germ tube and directly invades epidermis, also invades fruit by hole skin, wound.Hide at places such as fruit face wax coats after intrusion, there is the feature of latent infection.From apple fallen flowers to mid or late August, spore constantly infects young fruit.Young fruit starts morbidity from July, and all have 1 onset peak after each rain, decayed fruit comes off.The fruit growth later stage is the morbidity Sheng phase, and storage period continues morbidity decayed fruit.The orchard morbidity of general High Density Planting Orchard, low-lying clayed ground, impeded drainage or fruit tree growth closing is heavier.Germ can survive the winter on acacia, is implanted with acacia then seriously ill around orchard.The current occurrence and infection how effectively controlling anthracnose, has become the important topic that Apple production is urgently to be resolved hurrily.At present, to the control of this disease still based on chemical control, as adopt 80% anthrax good fortune U.S. can wet-milling 700-800 doubly, or 64% Sandofan dislike white MnZn and can dislike white phonetic copper bacterium ester 800-1000 times of liquid by wet-milling 1000 times of liquid or 38%, the bactericide such as full tree continuous spraying 2 50% thiophanate-methyl wetting powders 500 times of liquid, 75% tpn wetting powder, 600 times of liquid or 56% Fluoxastrobin tpn, 800 times of liquid or the U.S. wetting powder of 80% anthrax good fortune 500 times of liquid.Find in production practices, adopt General Medicine control apple anthracnose to there is following problem: one is that control efficiency is poor, does not also find a kind of desirable agricultural chemicals at present; Two is that the generation of anthracnose almost runs through whole vegetative period, even all contaminates generation in storage period, so Long-Time Service pesticide control, pollutes, have a strong impact on the quality of apple.Applicant finds in the practice of several years, adopts the integrated control technique based on biological control, to control apple anthracnose there is good effect.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide that a kind of it has safe and efficient, pollution-free, noresidue based on the method for the integrated control apple anthracnose of extracts of Chinese herbal medicine control, the advantage that cost accounting is low.

The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of prevention and controls of apple anthracnose, comprising:

(1) remove pathogeny, before germinateing, the residual branch of cleaning, dead leaf burn;

(2) do not plant high stalk crops in orchard, outside garden, do not plant locust tree;

(3) summer cuts in time, makes tree crown bough stratification, ventilation and penetrating light;

(4) after apple fruit setting, fruit expanding period spray extracts of Chinese herbal medicine, the preparation method of described extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is: get felwort 80-150 part, tuber of stemona 150-250 part, fruit of summer cypress 100-200 part, add water appropriate, decoct 15-30min, filter, adding mature vinegar 50-100 part, to make liquid for subsequent use.

Preferably, get felwort 100 parts, the tuber of stemona 200 parts, the fruit of summer cypress 150 parts, add water appropriate, decoct 20min, filter, adding 80 parts, mature vinegar, to make liquid for subsequent use.

The infusion of Chinese herbal medicine felwort, the tuber of stemona, the fruit of summer cypress all has good bactericidal action, adds the effect that mature vinegar can play Synergistic.

Use spray method: respectively at after setting, that fruit expanding period respectively sprays said herbal medicine extract is each once.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the apple orchard of anthracnose is occurring, and implement the method for integrated control based on Chinese herbal medicine fluid, do not use agricultural chemicals, not only control efficiency is good, and safety, pollution-free, noresidue, and cost accounting is low, is conducive to producing green product.

Field trial data

1, test method: three process, i.e. experimental group one are established in test: spray extracts of Chinese herbal medicine; Experimental group two: spray 80% anthrax good fortune U.S. can wet-milling 700-800 doubly; Experimental group three: blank, namely sprays clear water.Repeat for 4 times, often repeat 1 community, random district group arranges, and every community is for the strain of examination apple tree 5.Respectively at after setting, fruit expanding period respectively sprays once, evenly sprays the blade face of Apple Leaves, blade back and fruit, is sprayed onto till blade face slightly drips.

2, investigation method was respectively investigated 1 time August 5 and August 25, investigated 2 times altogether.3 strain apple trees are investigated in every community, and every strain spot-check 30 fruits by East, West, South, North, medium 5 orientation.

3, test results test the results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 different disposal is to the control efficiency of apple anthracnose

As can be seen from Table 1, the control efficiency of spraying the experimental group one of extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is best, and in August 5 and investigation on August 25, preventive effect reaches 98.92%% and 99.3% respectively, is obviously better than the control efficiency of experimental group two, experimental group three.

Embodiment

Embodiment: the prevention and controls of this apple anthracnose comprises: comprising:

1, remove pathogeny, before germinateing, the residual branch of cleaning, dead leaf burn;

2, do not plant high stalk crops in orchard, outside garden, do not plant locust tree;

3, the summer cuts in time, makes tree crown bough stratification, ventilation and penetrating light;

4, after apple fruit setting, fruit expanding period spray extracts of Chinese herbal medicine, namely get felwort 100 grams, the tuber of stemona 200 grams, the fruit of summer cypress 150 grams, add water 3000ml, decocts 20min, filters, add mature vinegar 80 and restrain into liquid, then add water 100 parts dilute after after setting, fruit expanding period respectively sprays once.

Claims

1. a prevention and controls for apple anthracnose, is characterized in that comprising:

(4) after apple fruit setting, fruit expanding period spray extracts of Chinese herbal medicine.

2. the prevention and controls of a kind of apple anthracnose according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the preparation method of described extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is: the preparation method of described extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is: get felwort 80-150 part, tuber of stemona 150-250 part, fruit of summer cypress 100-200 part, add water appropriate, decoct 15-30min, filter, adding mature vinegar 50-100 part, to make liquid for subsequent use.

3. the prevention and controls of a kind of apple anthracnose according to claim 1, is characterized in that the preparation method of described extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is: get felwort 100 parts, the tuber of stemona 200 parts, the fruit of summer cypress 150 parts, add water appropriate, decoct 20min, filter, adding 80 parts, mature vinegar, to make liquid for subsequent use.