CN104782303A

CN104782303A - Peanut fertilization method

Info

Publication number: CN104782303A
Application number: CN201510216632.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李翔
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-04-30
Filing date: 2015-04-30
Publication date: 2015-07-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a peanut fertilization method. The peanut fertilization method comprises the following steps: 1) applying a base fertilizer after the soil of a land parcel is turned up, namely applying 430-450kg of thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure and 50-70k of Chinese herbal mixture per mu, wherein the Chinese herbal mixture is prepared from honeysuckle flower, heartleaf houttuynia herb, chinese thorowax root, indigowoad leaf, purple perilla and parslane herb; 2) after basically complete emergence of peanut seedlings, applying 40-50kg of compound fertilizer per mu; 3) when the peanut starts flowering and before a large amount of fruit needles pierce into soil, applying 10-15kg of compound fertilizer and 1-3kg of Chinese herbal mixture blended with 300-500kg of water per mu at one time; 4) from the peanut flowering stage to the pod-setting stage, applying 3-10kg of thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure and 1-2kg of Chinese herbal mixture blended with 500-750kg of water per mu at one time. According to the peanut fertilization method, the Chinese herbs are blended with the fertilizer to provide a plurality of nutrients for the peanut in the whole planting season and also to regulate the metabolism of plants, improve the disease resistance of the plants, stimulate rapid growth and development of the peanut and increase the yield.

Description

The fertilizing method of peanut

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, be specifically related to a fertilizing method of cultivating peanut.

Background technology

Peanut is pulse family class crop, is also the oil plant that yield potential is the highest and albumen crop, and it is excessive that peanut reason for low yield removes landrace proportion, and outside breed improvement is crossed and delayed, fertilizer practice is on the low side is the major reason causing low yield.Therefore, under the prerequisite selecting breeding, according to peanut growth characteristic, strengthening selection of land is realized wholely, and improving the level of applying fertilizers scientifically is improve the important breakthrough mouth of peanut per unit area yield.Peanut applies fertilizer based on organic manure, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary, and base manure is main, and it is auxiliary for topdressing, and topdresses based on seed manure, and fertilizers for potted flowers and fruit-promoting fertilizer are auxiliary, the basic principle of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium compounding application.At present, the conventional fertilizer application method of peanut is as follows:

1) base manure

Mu executes well-rotted farmyard manure 1500 ~ 2000kg, fertilizer specially for peanut 30 ~ 50kg, in conjunction with seedbed preparation, evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields, and harrows an even rear drill seeding kind;

2) topdress

In seedling stage: 3 ~ 5 leaf phases used quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, use fertilizer specially for peanut 4 ~ 6kg, urea 5 ~ 6kg for every mu;

Bloom, pod bearing period: use fertilizer specially for peanut 10kg, lime 10 ~ 20kg for every mu;

In the full fruit maturing stage: take root to spray phosphorus method outward, spray with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of amino acid foliage fertilizer and 0.3%, within 7 ~ 10 days, spray once, continuous spraying 2 ~ 3 times.

But during according to above-mentioned fertilizing method plantation peanut, also need to carry out conventional pest management, spray the agricultural chemicals that various desinsection is degerming, both contaminated environment, the output of peanut is also lower, is only 2100 ~ 2500kg/hm ².

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of fertilizing method improving peanut yield.

Technical scheme provided by the invention is the fertilizing method of cultivating peanut, and comprises the following steps:

1) dig after-applied base manure in plot, apply 430 ~ 450kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 50 ~ 70kg Traditional Chinese drug mixture by every mu; Described Traditional Chinese drug mixture is made up of honeysuckle, cordate houttuynia, radix bupleuri, folium isatidis, purple perilla, Herba portulacae, and its weight ratio is 3 ~ 5:1 ~ 5:1 ~ 3:2 ~ 5:2 ~ 5:1 ~ 3;

2) during the neat seedling of peanut, in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage in the seed manure of tie rod ditch spread in the ranks, apply composite fertilizer 40 ~ 50kg by every mu and apply in bar ditch, and earthing lid is fertile;

3) before the peanut beginning, flower buried to large quantities of fruit pin, apply composite fertilizer 10 ~ 15kg and Traditional Chinese drug mixture 1 ~ 3kg by every mu at every turn, be watered 300 ~ 500kg, mist carried out to blade face and sprays, within every 5 ~ 7 days, spray once;

4) peanut is bloomed to bearing pods the fruit phase, applies well-rotted farmyard manure 3 ~ 10kg and Traditional Chinese drug mixture 1 ~ 2kg is at every turn watered 500 ~ 750kg, carry out mist and spray, within every 10 ~ 15 days, spray once blade face by every mu.

As preferably, the weight ratio of honeysuckle, cordate houttuynia, radix bupleuri, folium isatidis, purple perilla and Herba portulacae is 4:3:2:3:3:2.

Above-mentioned composite fertilizer is the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium containing N, P, K, can be specifically containing 20%N, 15%P ₂o ₅, and 15%K ₂the composite fertilizer (20-15-15 composite fertilizer) of 0 or containing 15%N, 15%P ₂o ₅, and 15%K ₂the composite fertilizer (15-15-15 composite fertilizer) of 0.

The present invention has following beneficial effect:

1) the present invention adds Chinese herbal medicine in fertilizer, the whole planting season that can not only be supplied to peanut provides the nutriments such as amino acid, fatty acid, growth hormone and antibiotic, the metabolism of plant can also be regulated, promote Nutrient Absorption, improve resistance against diseases, stimulate growing fast of peanut, improve output.

2) according to fertilizing method of the present invention, do not think that additionally using chemical pesticide carries out the extermination of disease and insect pest, protects ecotope, peanut pod and the nut particles of plantation are full, and shape is complete, and size is even, and safety nuisance free.

Embodiment

The present invention is further elaborated for following specific embodiment, but not as a limitation of the invention.

Embodiment 1

1) dig after-applied base manure in plot, apply 430kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 50kg Traditional Chinese drug mixture by every mu; Described Traditional Chinese drug mixture is made up of honeysuckle, cordate houttuynia, radix bupleuri, folium isatidis, purple perilla, Herba portulacae, and its weight ratio is 3:1:1:2:2:1;

2) during the neat seedling of peanut, in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage in the seed manure of tie rod ditch spread in the ranks, apply 20-15-15 composite fertilizer 40kg by every mu and apply in bar ditch, and earthing lid is fertile;

3) before the peanut beginning, flower buried to large quantities of fruit pin, apply 20-15-15 composite fertilizer 10kg and Traditional Chinese drug mixture 1kg by every mu at every turn, be watered 300kg, mist carried out to blade face and sprays, within every 5 days, spray once;

4) peanut is bloomed to bearing pods the fruit phase, applies well-rotted farmyard manure 3kg and Traditional Chinese drug mixture 1kg is at every turn watered 500kg, carry out mist and spray, within every 10 days, spray once blade face by every mu.

Embodiment 2

1) dig after-applied base manure in plot, apply 450kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 70kg Traditional Chinese drug mixture by every mu; Described Traditional Chinese drug mixture is made up of honeysuckle, cordate houttuynia, radix bupleuri, folium isatidis, purple perilla, Herba portulacae, and its weight ratio is 5:5:3:5:5:3;

2) during the neat seedling of peanut, in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage in the seed manure of tie rod ditch spread in the ranks, apply 15-15-15 composite fertilizer 50kg by every mu and apply in bar ditch, and earthing lid is fertile;

3) before the peanut beginning, flower buried to large quantities of fruit pin, apply 15-15-15 composite fertilizer 15kg and Traditional Chinese drug mixture 3kg by every mu at every turn, be watered 500kg, mist carried out to blade face and sprays, within every 7 days, spray once;

4) peanut is bloomed to bearing pods the fruit phase, applies well-rotted farmyard manure 10kg and Traditional Chinese drug mixture 2kg is at every turn watered 750kg, carry out mist and spray, within every 15 days, spray once blade face by every mu.

Embodiment 3

1) dig after-applied base manure in plot, apply 440kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 60kg Traditional Chinese drug mixture by every mu; Described Traditional Chinese drug mixture is made up of honeysuckle, cordate houttuynia, radix bupleuri, folium isatidis, purple perilla, Herba portulacae, and its weight ratio is 4:3:2:3:3:2;

2) during the neat seedling of peanut, in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage in the seed manure of tie rod ditch spread in the ranks, apply 20-15-15 composite fertilizer 45kg by every mu and apply in bar ditch, and earthing lid is fertile;

3) before the peanut beginning, flower buried to large quantities of fruit pin, apply 20-15-15 composite fertilizer 12kg and Traditional Chinese drug mixture 2kg by every mu at every turn, be watered 400kg, mist carried out to blade face and sprays, within every 6 days, spray once;

4) peanut is bloomed to bearing pods the fruit phase, applies well-rotted farmyard manure 5kg and Traditional Chinese drug mixture 1.5kg is at every turn watered 600kg, carry out mist and spray, within every 12 days, spray once blade face by every mu.

Embodiment 4

1) dig after-applied base manure in plot, apply 430kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 70kg Traditional Chinese drug mixture by every mu; Described Traditional Chinese drug mixture is made up of honeysuckle, cordate houttuynia, radix bupleuri, folium isatidis, purple perilla, Herba portulacae, and its weight ratio is 3:5:1:5:2:3;

2) during the neat seedling of peanut, in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage in the seed manure of tie rod ditch spread in the ranks, apply 15-15-15 composite fertilizer 40kg by every mu and apply in bar ditch, and earthing lid is fertile;

3) before the peanut beginning, flower buried to large quantities of fruit pin, apply 15-15-15 composite fertilizer 15kg and Traditional Chinese drug mixture 1kg by every mu at every turn, be watered 500kg, mist carried out to blade face and sprays, within every 5 days, spray once;

4) peanut is bloomed to bearing pods the fruit phase, applies well-rotted farmyard manure 10kg and Traditional Chinese drug mixture 1kg is at every turn watered 750kg, carry out mist and spray, within every 10 days, spray once blade face by every mu.

Applicant carries out following test 4 ~ August in 2013 at the modern agriculture Demonstration Base of Fangchenggang City.

1, materials and methods

1.1 experimental field overviews: practice ground 0.005hm ², previous crops is sweet potato, and soil property is sandy loam, and field illumination is sufficient, and subterranean water level is lower, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, middle fertility.

1.2 test kinds

Select Guangdong oil No. 7 kinds.

1.3 experimental scheme

Test field is divided into Liang Ge community, and plot area is 20m ², one is experimental group, and another is control group, and Liang Ge does not establish ridge between community, reserved 33cm aisle.Every bunch planting 2, every furrow 4 cave, distance between rows and hills is 16 × 21cm, and every community 360 strain, after planting covers with fine earth.

Experimental group adopts the method fertilising of the embodiment of the present invention 1, does not need to carry out pest management; Control group is according to background technology and pest management.

2, result of the test

The biological character of 2.1 peanuts and economic character comparative analysis

2.2 peanut yield contrasts

Group/project	Experimental group	Control group
			Output (kg/20m ²)	5.68	5.18
Amount to output (kg/hm ²)	2840	2590

Claims

1. the fertilizing method of peanut, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

2. the fertilizing method of peanut according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the weight ratio of honeysuckle, cordate houttuynia, radix bupleuri, folium isatidis, purple perilla and Herba portulacae is 4:3:2:3:3:2.

3. the fertilizing method of peanut according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described composite fertilizer is the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium containing N, P, K.