CN104774089A - Granular organic controlled-release fertilizer - Google Patents
Granular organic controlled-release fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104774089A CN104774089A CN201510145513.6A CN201510145513A CN104774089A CN 104774089 A CN104774089 A CN 104774089A CN 201510145513 A CN201510145513 A CN 201510145513A CN 104774089 A CN104774089 A CN 104774089A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a granular organic controlled-release fertilizer. The granular organic controlled-release fertilizer is prepared from the following components by weight: 45 to 55 parts of leftovers (waste) of a food factory, 8 to 12 parts of tobacco smalls, 25 to 35 parts of plant ash, 4 to 6 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of a selenium rich additive, 4 to 6 parts of haw dreg, 2 to 4 parts of sawdust, 1 to 3 parts of urea, 0.1 to 1 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 1 to 3 parts of tea dreg, 4 to 6 parts of potassium fulvate, 0.4 to 0.8 part of shell powder, 1 to 2 parts of waste dreg of pleurotus eryngii, 1 to 2 parts of olive residue, 1 to 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of modified corn starch, 0.2 to 0.4 part of fennel powder, 3 to 5 parts of smoked sheep manure, 3 to 5 parts of wine waste, 1 to 2 parts of garlic extract and 1 to 2 parts of chinaberry extract. Since the granular fertilizer contains a great number of organic matters, the granular fertilizer has great water-absorbing capacity when applied into soil and can realize sustained release when crops need to absorb nutrient; thus, long-term supply of nutrients to crops in a growth period can be guaranteed, fertilizer retention and water retention effect are exerted, and organic matter content of soil is increased, thereby improving the soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, be specifically related to a kind of particulate state organic controlled release fertilizer.
Background technology
Chemical fertilizer is that major contribution has been made in agricultural development, but chemical fertilizer also has two large shortcomings: one is owing to using chemical fertilizer in a large number, causes soil compaction, acidifying, organic to lack, microorganism reduces, degradation problem under productivity.Two is that general chemistry utilization rate of fertilizer is low.According to statistics, Chinese this season utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is only 20-35%, and the utilization ratio of phosphate fertilizer is 10-20%, and the utilization ratio of potash fertilizer is 30-60%.Utilization rate of fertilizer is low not only causes the wasting of resources, returns environment and brings severe contamination.For recovering soil microbial activities, improving Soil structure, promoting throughput, people have developed the products such as fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer, composite biological organic fertilizer, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer.The problem that chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is low in order to solve, fertilizer nutrient rate of release and plant nutrient uptake rate misfit, 20 beginnings of the century proposed the concept of slow release fertilizer.Slow-release fertilizer (SRFS) is also known as controlled availability fertilizer, and mainly finger changes the speed of plant available nutrient into than common fertilizer fertilizer slowly after being manured into soil.
Since the people such as K.G.Clart of the U.S. in 1948 synthesizes in the world after first slowly-releasing condensation fertilizer urea one formaldehyde, the research and development of sustained-controll-release fertiliser experienced by the evolution of a diversification.Be tending towards ripe to the slow-release fertilizer nineties in 20th century, define tandem product according to different principles and technology.Mainly comprise: envelope type slow release fertilizer, synthesis type slightly soluble state slow-release fertilizer, Chemical Inhibition type slow-release fertilizer, matrix composite fertilizer and gluing slow-release fertilizer.The defect of slow-release fertilizer is: nutriment nutrient release rate, mode and time length can not control well, and the impact by fertilization mode and envrionment conditions is larger.
Controlled Release Fertilizer (CAFS) is the advanced form of slow-release fertilizer, refer to and preset the release mode of fertilizer in crop growing season by various machine-processed measure, make its nutrient element releasing rule and crop nutrition content absorb basic synchronization, thus reach the class fertilizer improving fertilizer efficiency object.Controlled Release Fertilizer according to nutritive properties such as crop alimentary stage, continuitys, can utilize nutrient supply intensity and the capacity such as the trace element of the means adjustments such as physics, chemistry, biology and controlled release N P and K and necessity, can reach the effect that fertilizer emergency is helped mutually.
Current Controlled Release Fertilizer mainly adopts coated with resin technology, namely at an outer bread skim for conventional instant fertiliser granulates, is diffused into the speed outside film by nutrient in the micropore controlling diaphragm on film.Release and release control fertilizer is by the impact of P in soil H value, microorganism and moisture content, and a temperature influence, the higher nutrients release of temperature is faster.But, also do not have Controlled Release Fertilizer technology truly to occur at present.Expert is had to doubt the Controlled Release Fertilizer that can produce real meaning according to existing principle and technical scheme.
Summary of the invention
It is low that technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of cost, the particulate state organic controlled release fertilizer that nutrient content is high.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of particulate state organic controlled release fertilizer, be made up of the component of following parts by weight: food factory's tankage (waste material) 45-55 part, offal 8-12 part, plant ash 25-35 part, potassium primary phosphate 4-6 part, additive rich in selenium 1.5-2.5 part, hawthorn slag 4-6 part, sawdust 2-4 part, urea 1-3 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0.1-1 part, tealeaf residue 1-3 part, potassium fulvate 4-6 part, oyster shell whiting 0.4-0.8 part, Pleurotus eryngii waste residue 1-2 part, olive slag 1-2 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, modified corn starch 1.5-2.5 part, fennel powder 0.2-0.4 part, smoked sheep excrement 3-5 part, grape wine waste material 3-5 part, Bulbus Allii extract 1-2 part, chinaberry berry extract 1-2 part.
The better parts by weight of each component are: food factory's tankage (waste material) 50 parts, offal 10 parts, plant ash 30 parts, potassium primary phosphate 5 parts, additive rich in selenium 2 parts, hawthorn slag 5 parts, 3 parts, sawdust, 2 parts, urea, sodium nitrophenolate 0.5 part, tealeaf residue 1.5 parts, potassium fulvate 5 parts, oyster shell whiting 0.5 part, Pleurotus eryngii waste residue 1.5 parts, olive slag 1.5 parts, 1.5 parts, zinc sulfate, modified corn starch 2 parts, fennel powder 0.3 part, smoked 4 parts, sheep excrement, 4 parts, grape wine waste material, Bulbus Allii extract 1.5 parts, chinaberry berry extract 1.5 parts.
Above-mentioned food factory tankage or waste material are from milling plant's tankage, food factory's clout (snow cake, bread, instant noodles, biscuit), secondary wheat etc.
Above-mentioned grape wine waste material is the waste residue produced in grape wine brewing process, and the waste residue nutrient content after fermentation is high.
The waste of above-mentioned offal Shi Yan factory is the broken end produced in tobacco processing course.
Above-mentioned smoked sheep excrement sheep excrement and vegetable mould is covered by the weight ratio of 1:1 on weeds, to light smoked 12 hours with fire obtain.
The preparation method of above-mentioned Controlled Release Fertilizer is:
1) take each component by proportioning, additive rich in selenium is deposited separately for subsequent use, other component was pulverized 80 mesh sieves, mix to obtain compound;
2) compound is sent into refrigerating apparatus, freezing 5-6 hour under the environment of subzero 10-15 DEG C, and then send into drying plant, under 75-80 DEG C of environment, toast 5-8 minute, obtain baking material;
3) baking material is added suitable amount of adhesive and additive rich in selenium mixing, send into rotary drum granulator granulation, particle diameter, at 0.5-2mm, obtains granular fertilizers.
The preparation method of above-mentioned additive rich in selenium is as follows:
1) purple sweet potato cyanidin, yeast rich in selenium is chosen as raw material;
2) in purple sweet potato cyanidin, add sulfurous gas, in every 500g purple sweet potato cyanidin, add sulfurous gas 50-150mg;
3) by yeast rich in selenium through rehydration, activation after add step 2) purple sweet potato cyanidin in, inoculum size is 2.2-2.5%;
4) yeast rich in selenium carries out fermentative processing after having inoculated, and leavening temperature controls at 22-30 DEG C, and fermentation time is 4-8 days;
5) after having fermented, test alcoholic strength, ferments when alcoholic strength reaches 5-9% again, and the yeast rich in selenium of inoculation 1-1.3%, leavening temperature controls at 29-41 DEG C, and fermentation time 2-6 days, obtains additive rich in selenium.
Using method: before arable land, spreads fertilizer over the fields or spreads manuer in holes, and ploughs under in soil, every mu of consumption 500-800 kilogram.Be applicable to fruit tree kind cash crop, as Kiwifruit, walnut, apple, jujube tree etc.Fruit quality and mouthfeel can be changed, guarantee green non-pollution, improve output.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) because granulated fertilizer of the present invention contains a large amount of organism, after being manured into soil, water regain is large, when farm crop need to absorb nutrient, gram slow releasing, can ensure the long-time supply nutrient of farm crop in vegetative period, play fertilizer conservation, water conservation, improve soil organic matter content, improvement soil;
2) waste of wherein offal Shi Yan factory, and Bulbus Allii extract and chinaberry berry extract match, and can play good insecticidal effect;
3) make full use of the waste pollutant of food factory, Yan Chang, biomass electric power plant, change into the fertilizer of purposes, turn waste into wealth, solve a difficult problem for environmental pollution;
4) fruit that the present invention plants contains the organoselenium being easy to absorption of human body, has edible safety, advantageous effect that biological transformation ratio is high.
Embodiment
The technique means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of particulate state organic controlled release fertilizer, is made up of the component of following parts by weight: food factory's tankage (waste material) 50 parts, offal 10 parts, plant ash 30 parts, potassium primary phosphate 5 parts, additive rich in selenium 2 parts, hawthorn slag 5 parts, 3 parts, sawdust, 2 parts, urea, sodium nitrophenolate 0.5 part, tealeaf residue 1.5 parts, potassium fulvate 5 parts, oyster shell whiting 0.5 part, Pleurotus eryngii waste residue 1.5 parts, olive slag 1.5 parts, 1.5 parts, zinc sulfate, modified corn starch 2 parts, fennel powder 0.3 part, smoked 4 parts, sheep excrement, 4 parts, grape wine waste material, Bulbus Allii extract 1.5 parts, chinaberry berry extract 1.5 parts.
Above-mentioned food factory tankage or waste material are from milling plant's tankage, food factory's clout (snow cake, bread, instant noodles, biscuit), secondary wheat etc.
Above-mentioned grape wine waste material is the waste residue produced in grape wine brewing process, and the waste residue nutrient content after fermentation is high.
The waste of above-mentioned offal Shi Yan factory is the broken end produced in tobacco processing course.
Above-mentioned smoked sheep excrement sheep excrement and vegetable mould is covered by the weight ratio of 1:1 on weeds, to light smoked 12 hours with fire obtain.
The preparation method of above-mentioned Controlled Release Fertilizer is:
1) take each component by proportioning, additive rich in selenium is deposited separately for subsequent use, other component was pulverized 80 mesh sieves, mix to obtain compound;
2) compound is sent into refrigerating apparatus, freezing 5-6 hour under the environment of subzero 10-15 DEG C, and then send into drying plant, under 75-80 DEG C of environment, toast 5-8 minute, obtain baking material;
3) baking material is added suitable amount of adhesive and additive rich in selenium mixing, send into rotary drum granulator granulation, particle diameter, at 0.5-2mm, obtains granular fertilizers.
The preparation method of above-mentioned additive rich in selenium is as follows:
1) purple sweet potato cyanidin, yeast rich in selenium is chosen as raw material;
2) in purple sweet potato cyanidin, add sulfurous gas, in every 500g purple sweet potato cyanidin, add sulfurous gas 50-150mg;
3) by yeast rich in selenium through rehydration, activation after add step 2) purple sweet potato cyanidin in, inoculum size is 2.2-2.5%;
4) yeast rich in selenium carries out fermentative processing after having inoculated, and leavening temperature controls at 22-30 DEG C, and fermentation time is 4-8 days;
5) after having fermented, test alcoholic strength, ferments when alcoholic strength reaches 5-9% again, and the yeast rich in selenium of inoculation 1-1.3%, leavening temperature controls at 29-41 DEG C, and fermentation time 2-6 days, obtains additive rich in selenium.
Using method: before arable land, spreads fertilizer over the fields or spreads manuer in holes, and ploughs under in soil, every mu of consumption 500-800 kilogram.Be applicable to fruit tree kind cash crop, as Kiwifruit, walnut, apple, jujube tree etc.Fruit quality and mouthfeel can be changed, guarantee green non-pollution, improve output.
Embodiment 2
A kind of particulate state organic controlled release fertilizer, is made up of the component of following parts by weight: food factory's tankage (waste material) 55 parts, offal 8 parts, plant ash 35 parts, potassium primary phosphate 4 parts, additive rich in selenium 2.5 parts, hawthorn slag 4 parts, 4 parts, sawdust, 1 part, urea, sodium nitrophenolate 1 part, tealeaf residue 1 part, potassium fulvate 6 parts, oyster shell whiting 0.4 part, Pleurotus eryngii waste residue 2 parts, olive slag 1 part, 2 parts, zinc sulfate, modified corn starch 1.5 parts, fennel powder 0.4 part, smoked 3 parts, sheep excrement, 5 parts, grape wine waste material, Bulbus Allii extract 1 part, chinaberry berry extract 2 parts.
Above-mentioned food factory tankage or waste material are from milling plant's tankage, food factory's clout (snow cake, bread, instant noodles, biscuit), secondary wheat etc.
Above-mentioned grape wine waste material is the waste residue produced in grape wine brewing process, and the waste residue nutrient content after fermentation is high.
The waste of above-mentioned offal Shi Yan factory is the broken end produced in tobacco processing course.
Above-mentioned smoked sheep excrement sheep excrement and vegetable mould is covered by the weight ratio of 1:1 on weeds, to light smoked 12 hours with fire obtain.
The preparation method of above-mentioned Controlled Release Fertilizer is:
1) take each component by proportioning, additive rich in selenium is deposited separately for subsequent use, other component was pulverized 80 mesh sieves, mix to obtain compound;
2) compound is sent into refrigerating apparatus, freezing 5-6 hour under the environment of subzero 10-15 DEG C, and then send into drying plant, under 75-80 DEG C of environment, toast 5-8 minute, obtain baking material;
3) baking material is added suitable amount of adhesive and additive rich in selenium mixing, send into rotary drum granulator granulation, particle diameter, at 0.5-2mm, obtains granular fertilizers.
The preparation method of above-mentioned additive rich in selenium is as follows:
1) purple sweet potato cyanidin, yeast rich in selenium is chosen as raw material;
2) in purple sweet potato cyanidin, add sulfurous gas, in every 500g purple sweet potato cyanidin, add sulfurous gas 50-150mg;
3) by yeast rich in selenium through rehydration, activation after add step 2) purple sweet potato cyanidin in, inoculum size is 2.2-2.5%;
4) yeast rich in selenium carries out fermentative processing after having inoculated, and leavening temperature controls at 22-30 DEG C, and fermentation time is 4-8 days;
5) after having fermented, test alcoholic strength, ferments when alcoholic strength reaches 5-9% again, and the yeast rich in selenium of inoculation 1-1.3%, leavening temperature controls at 29-41 DEG C, and fermentation time 2-6 days, obtains additive rich in selenium.
Using method: before arable land, spreads fertilizer over the fields or spreads manuer in holes, and ploughs under in soil, every mu of consumption 500-800 kilogram.Be applicable to fruit tree kind cash crop, as Kiwifruit, walnut, apple, jujube tree etc.Fruit quality and mouthfeel can be changed, guarantee green non-pollution, improve output.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification sheets just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. a particulate state organic controlled release fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the component of following parts by weight: food factory tankage 45-55 part, offal 8-12 part, plant ash 25-35 part, potassium primary phosphate 4-6 part, additive rich in selenium 1.5-2.5 part, hawthorn slag 4-6 part, sawdust 2-4 part, urea 1-3 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0.1-1 part, tealeaf residue 1-3 part, potassium fulvate 4-6 part, oyster shell whiting 0.4-0.8 part, Pleurotus eryngii waste residue 1-2 part, olive slag 1-2 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, modified corn starch 1.5-2.5 part, fennel powder 0.2-0.4 part, smoked sheep excrement 3-5 part, grape wine waste material 3-5 part, Bulbus Allii extract 1-2 part, chinaberry berry extract 1-2 part.
2. particulate state organic controlled release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be made up of the component of following parts by weight: food factory's tankage 50 parts, offal 10 parts, plant ash 30 parts, potassium primary phosphate 5 parts, additive rich in selenium 2 parts, hawthorn slag 5 parts, 3 parts, sawdust, 2 parts, urea, sodium nitrophenolate 0.5 part, tealeaf residue 1.5 parts, potassium fulvate 5 parts, oyster shell whiting 0.5 part, Pleurotus eryngii waste residue 1.5 parts, olive slag 1.5 parts, 1.5 parts, zinc sulfate, modified corn starch 2 parts, fennel powder 0.3 part, smoked 4 parts, sheep excrement, 4 parts, grape wine waste material, Bulbus Allii extract 1.5 parts, chinaberry berry extract 1.5 parts.
3. particulate state organic controlled release fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: above-mentioned food factory tankage or waste material are from milling plant's tankage or food factory's clout.
4. particulate state organic controlled release fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: above-mentioned grape wine waste material is the waste residue produced in grape wine brewing process.
5. particulate state organic controlled release fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: above-mentioned smoked sheep excrement sheep excrement and vegetable mould is covered to light with fire on weeds by the weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain for smoked 12 hours.
6. prepare a method for organic controlled release fertilizer described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, step is as follows:
1) take each component by proportioning, additive rich in selenium is deposited separately for subsequent use, other component was pulverized 80 mesh sieves, mix to obtain compound;
2) compound is sent into refrigerating apparatus, freezing 5-6 hour under the environment of subzero 10-15 DEG C, and then send into drying plant, under 75-80 DEG C of environment, toast 5-8 minute, obtain baking material;
3) baking material is added suitable amount of adhesive and additive rich in selenium mixing, send into rotary drum granulator granulation, particle diameter, at 0.5-2mm, obtains granular fertilizers.
7. particulate state organic controlled release fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the preparation method of above-mentioned additive rich in selenium is as follows:
1) purple sweet potato cyanidin, yeast rich in selenium is chosen as raw material;
2) in purple sweet potato cyanidin, add sulfurous gas, in every 500g purple sweet potato cyanidin, add sulfurous gas 50-150mg;
3) by yeast rich in selenium through rehydration, activation after add step 2) purple sweet potato cyanidin in, inoculum size is 2.2-2.5%;
4) yeast rich in selenium carries out fermentative processing after having inoculated, and leavening temperature controls at 22-30 DEG C, and fermentation time is 4-8 days;
5) after having fermented, test alcoholic strength, ferments when alcoholic strength reaches 5-9% again, and the yeast rich in selenium of inoculation 1-1.3%, leavening temperature controls at 29-41 DEG C, and fermentation time 2-6 days, obtains additive rich in selenium.
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| CN201510145513.6A CN104774089A (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | Granular organic controlled-release fertilizer |
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| CN201510145513.6A CN104774089A (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | Granular organic controlled-release fertilizer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105418212A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-23 | 全椒县桃花湾果蔬种植专业合作社 | Application method for controlled-release fertilizer special for nectarines |
| CN106883032A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-06-23 | 岳西县岳太苦荞麦制品有限公司 | A kind of duck wheat cultivates special farm manure and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101376604A (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2009-03-04 | 安徽莱姆佳肥业有限公司 | Method for producing organic controlled release fertilizer by ammine acid method |
| CN103524263A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-22 | 丹阳市现代生态水产养殖场 | Long-acting slow release fertilizer for grapes |
| CN104016786A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-09-03 | 秦翠梅 | Organic/inorganic slow-release fertilizer composition |
| CN104030799A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-09-10 | 安徽三星化工有限责任公司 | Water-retaining drought-resisting long-acting slow-release compound fertilizer |
| CN104291939A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-01-21 | 青岛保利康新材料有限公司 | Improved controlled-release fertilizer |
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2015
- 2015-03-30 CN CN201510145513.6A patent/CN104774089A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101376604A (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2009-03-04 | 安徽莱姆佳肥业有限公司 | Method for producing organic controlled release fertilizer by ammine acid method |
| CN103524263A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-22 | 丹阳市现代生态水产养殖场 | Long-acting slow release fertilizer for grapes |
| CN104016786A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-09-03 | 秦翠梅 | Organic/inorganic slow-release fertilizer composition |
| CN104030799A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-09-10 | 安徽三星化工有限责任公司 | Water-retaining drought-resisting long-acting slow-release compound fertilizer |
| CN104291939A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-01-21 | 青岛保利康新材料有限公司 | Improved controlled-release fertilizer |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105418212A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-23 | 全椒县桃花湾果蔬种植专业合作社 | Application method for controlled-release fertilizer special for nectarines |
| CN106883032A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-06-23 | 岳西县岳太苦荞麦制品有限公司 | A kind of duck wheat cultivates special farm manure and preparation method thereof |
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