CN104737890A - Formula of seedling medium of broad-leaved tree light medium - Google Patents
Formula of seedling medium of broad-leaved tree light medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737890A CN104737890A CN201510171489.3A CN201510171489A CN104737890A CN 104737890 A CN104737890 A CN 104737890A CN 201510171489 A CN201510171489 A CN 201510171489A CN 104737890 A CN104737890 A CN 104737890A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a formula of a seedling medium of a broad-leaved tree light medium. The light medium is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-78% of peat soil, 3-10% of coco coir, 4-9% of perlite, 3-5% of phosphatic fertilizer, 3-8% of yellow mud and 3-6% of burned soil. Compared with a traditional broad-leaved tree seedling medium, the yellow mud is taken as a seedling medium material, the seedling medium provided by the invention has the characteristics of light in weight, high in seedling survival rate, strong in seedling, convenient to produce and low in cost, broad-leaved seedlings can obtain enough nutrients due to less amount of the seedling medium, and the nutrients are likely to be absorbed; furthermore, when the light medium provided by the invention is prepared, the surface area of the light medium can be increased by combining ultrasonic processing, the holding capacities of moisture, fertilizers and nutrients in the seedling process can be improved, the medium is softer, and the good protection and buffer functions can be provided to the seedlings in the seedling process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of formula of seedling medium, the matrix formulations of specifically a kind of broad-leaved tree Light media nursery, belong to trees seedling growing process field.
Background technology
Container nursery has that growing-seedling period is short, nursery stock specification and quality easily controls, can realize a kind of seedling raising manners of factorial praluction, obtains and apply comparatively widely in forest seedling nursing.
Container nursery many employings Light media, as CN 103782883A discloses a kind of camellia seedling Light media, formulated by the raw material of following weight parts: 15 ~ 20 parts, ripe field soil; Wood chip 15 ~ 25 parts; Rice-straw ash 15 ~ 20 parts; Fine perlite 10 ~ 15 parts; Become thoroughly decomposed rice straw powder 10 ~ 20 parts; Long-acting composite slow-release fertilizer 5 ~ 8 parts; CN103392576 B discloses a kind of acacia mearnsii Light media container cutting plant culture method, and its mesostroma adopts the raw material of following percent by volume to mix formulated Light media: coconut palm chaff 45% ~ 55%, carbonization sawdust 10% ~ 20%, fermentation paulownia bran 15% ~ 30%, perlite 5% ~ 10%.
Traditional broad-leaved tree adopts soil property matrix, and as yellow mud, yellow soil carry out cuttage and seedling culture, its transparent performance is poor, nutrient component is not enough, seedling growth is slow, sapling survival rate is lower, and its density is comparatively large, quality is heavy, be unfavorable for that transport is gone up a hill, and cost of forestation is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of matrix formulations for the nursery of broad-leaved tree Light media, this matrix has that light weight, specific surface area are large, short texture, nutrient foot and being easy to absorbs, physicochemical property is stable, survival rate of seedling is high, sapling is strong, be convenient to produce, the feature of spy that cost is low, in seedling raising process, to moisture, fertilizer, nutriment, there is good hold facility, and good protection, cushioning effect can be provided by sapling; Solve survival rate of seedling low, sapling weak and sickly, cost high, the production operation inconvenient present situation of traditional broad-leaved tree employing with yellow mud existing for the seedling-cultivating method of matrix main component.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the matrix formulations of a kind of broad-leaved tree Light media nursery, is made up of the raw material of following mass fraction: peat soil 70 ~ 78%, coconut palm chaff 3 ~ 10%, perlite 4 ~ 9%, phosphate fertilizer 3 ~ 5%, yellow mud 3 ~ 8%, baked wheaten cake soil 3 ~ 6%.
Described matrix formulations, preferably technical scheme can be: this matrix is made up of the raw material of following mass fraction: peat soil 70%, coconut palm chaff 10%, perlite 5%, phosphate fertilizer 5%, yellow mud 5%, baked wheaten cake soil 5%.
Described matrix formulations, preferably technical scheme can be: this matrix is made up of the raw material of following mass fraction: peat soil 75%, coconut palm chaff 3%, perlite 9%, phosphate fertilizer 4%, yellow mud 3%, baked wheaten cake soil 6%.
Described matrix formulations, preferably technical scheme can be: this matrix is made up of the raw material of following mass fraction: peat soil 78%, coconut palm chaff 4%, perlite 4%, phosphate fertilizer 3%, yellow mud 8%, baked wheaten cake soil 3%.
Preferably, described perlite particle diameter is 0.30 ~ 0.50mm.
Described baked wheaten cake soil is stacked with yellow soil layering by the assorted filling grass of drying, and obtain burn 1.5 ~ 3h at 150 ~ 400 DEG C of temperature after, pass through high temperature incineration, damage by disease and insect in raw material can be gone out and remove, play bactericidal action, the quality of further raising Light media, avoids, in seedling raising process, pest disaster occurs, affects plant percent; Assorted quality proportioning of filling with grass and yellow soil can be 1:3 ~ 15, or regulates according to nursery stock seeds.Described layering stack can be by yellow soil under, assorted grass of filling with is divided into two-tier stacking upper, or yellow soil and assorted grass of filling with alternately superposed, is divided into some layers and stacks, obtain burning more fully, the more excellent baked wheaten cake soil of distribution of pores.
According to the Light media gross mass that nursery needs, take each raw material by formula described in technique scheme, put into agitator and stir, then carry out sterilization with the carbendazim of concentration 1-5 ‰, the Light media for the nursery of broad-leaved tree Light media can be obtained.Sterilization also can adopt conventional soil disinfectant or bactericide to carry out.When obtained Light media being used for the nursery of broad-leaved tree Light media, conventional seedling-cultivating method is adopted to carry out.
The preparation of matrix of the present invention can adopt following steps:
(1) raw material of following mass fraction is got by formula: peat soil 70 ~ 78%, coconut palm chaff 3 ~ 9%, perlite 4 ~ 9%, phosphate fertilizer 3 ~ 5%, yellow mud 3 ~ 8%, baked wheaten cake soil 3 ~ 6%;
(2) peat soil, coconut palm chaff are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carry out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 20 ~ 40kHz, power 200 ~ 400W, ultrasonic time 1 ~ 5min, obtain peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture;
(3) above-mentioned yellow mud, baked wheaten cake soil are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carry out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 30 ~ 50kHz, power 200 ~ 500W, ultrasonic time 3 ~ 8min, obtain yellow mud, burn earth mixtures;
(4) step of learning from else's experience (2) and step (3) distinguish peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture after ultrasonic process, and yellow mud, baked wheaten cake earth mixtures, perlite, phosphate fertilizer mixes.
Preferably, the described ultrasonic process of described step (3) can be carried out at 70 ~ 80 DEG C, carries out ultrasonic process at relatively high temperatures, can also play the effect of killing pathogenic bacteria and insect pest further, and the damage by disease and insect reduced in seedling raising process occurs.
The present invention is as follows relative to the beneficial effect of prior art: its physicochemical property of Light media of the present invention is stablized, mostly use yellow mud as seedling medium raw material compared to traditional broad-leaved tree seedling medium, Light media of the present invention has light weight, less consumption and broad-leaved sapling namely can be made to obtain enough nutrition, nutrient is easy to be absorbed, survival rate of seedling is high, sapling is strong, is convenient to the feature of producing, cost is low.In the preparation; the cavitation produced by ultrasonic process can make matrix have larger surface area; the hold facility to moisture, fertilizer, nutriment in seedling raising process can be increased in; and make matrix more soft, can for sapling provides good protection, cushioning effect in the process of nursery.
Embodiment
Be described in further details the present invention below by embodiment, these embodiments are only used for the present invention is described, do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1 adopts following formula to prepare Light media of the present invention: the perlite 5% of peat soil 70%, coconut palm chaff 10%, particle diameter 0.40mm, phosphate fertilizer 5%, yellow mud 5%, baked wheaten cake soil (stacked with yellow soil layering by the assorted filling grass of drying, and obtain burn 2.5h at 300 DEG C of temperature after) 5%; Preparation method is as follows: (1), according to the demand of nursery quantity, determines the gross mass needing to prepare Light media; (2) claim to calculate the quality needed for various raw material according to the percentage of each raw material in required Light media gross mass and above-mentioned formula; (3) the various raw materials of respective quality are taken; (4) load weighted various raw material is put into agitator to mix; When for nursery, the carbendazim of concentration 2.5 ‰ is adopted to carry out sterilization.
The obtained Light media of this enforcement is adopted to cultivate camphor tree plantlet in vitro, and make matrix with yellow soil and contrast, in July, 2014 moves into matrix, and in February, 2015 is investigated, the amount of growth proterties of camphor tree plantlet in vitro and survival rate and contrast difference obvious, the upgrowth situation in most of Light media is better than contrasting yellow soil.Variance analysis finds, each proterties of culture matrix on camphor tree plantlet in vitro all has extremely significantly to be affected (
p<0.01).What Light media nursery stock survival rate was the highest is Light media is 100%, and contrast only has 89.0%, and Light media exceeds 11.0% than contrast; Light media height of seedling is 43.5cm, contrast height of seedling 30.8cm, and Light media exceeds 41.2% than contrast; Light media seedling leading thread is 0.41cm, and contrast as 0.33cm, Light media exceeds 24.2% than contrast.
Embodiment 2 adopts following formula to prepare Light media of the present invention: the perlite 5% of peat soil 70%, coconut palm chaff 10%, particle diameter 0.30mm, phosphate fertilizer 5%, yellow mud 5%, baked wheaten cake soil (stacked with yellow soil layering by the assorted filling grass of drying, and obtain burn 2h at 250 DEG C of temperature after) 5%; Adopt following preparation process:
(1) peat soil, coconut palm chaff are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carry out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 20kHz, power 400W, ultrasonic time 1min, obtain peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture;
(2) above-mentioned yellow mud, baked wheaten cake soil are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carry out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 30kHz, power 200W, ultrasonic time 4min, obtain yellow mud, burn earth mixtures;
(3) by peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture, yellow mud, baked wheaten cake earth mixtures, perlite, phosphate fertilizer mixes, and to obtain final product.
Adopt the present embodiment to obtain Light media and cultivate camphor tree plantlet in vitro, and make matrix with yellow soil and contrast, in August, 2014 moves into matrix, and in March, 2015 is investigated, the amount of growth proterties of camphor tree plantlet in vitro and survival rate and contrast difference obvious, the upgrowth situation in most of matrix is better than contrasting yellow soil.Variance analysis finds, each proterties of culture matrix on camphor tree plantlet in vitro all has extremely significantly affects (P<0.01).What Light media nursery stock survival rate was the highest is matrix is 100%, and contrast only has 88.5%, exceeds 10.5%; Light media height of seedling is 44.2cm, and contrast is 31.5cm, exceeds 40.3%; Light media seedling leading thread is 0.43cm, contrasts as 0.35cm, exceeds 22.9%.
Embodiment 3 adopts following formula to prepare Light media of the present invention: the perlite 9% of peat soil 75%, coconut palm chaff 3%, particle diameter 0.50mm, phosphate fertilizer 8%, yellow mud 2%, baked wheaten cake soil (stacked with yellow soil layering by the assorted filling grass of drying, and obtain burn 3h at 150 DEG C of temperature after) 3%; Adopt following preparation process:
(1) peat soil, coconut palm chaff are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carry out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 30kHz, power 200W, ultrasonic time 5min, obtain peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture;
(2) above-mentioned yellow mud, baked wheaten cake soil are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carry out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 30kHz, power 200W, ultrasonic time 5min, obtain yellow mud, burn earth mixtures;
(3) by peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture, yellow mud, baked wheaten cake earth mixtures, perlite, phosphate fertilizer mixes, and to obtain final product.
Embodiment 4 adopts following formula to prepare Light media of the present invention: the perlite 4% of peat soil 78%, coconut palm chaff 4%, particle diameter 0.30 ~ 0.40mm, phosphate fertilizer 3%, yellow mud 5%, baked wheaten cake soil (stacked with yellow soil layering by the assorted filling grass of drying, and obtain burn 2h at 300 DEG C of temperature after) 6%; Adopt following preparation process:
(1) peat soil, coconut palm chaff are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carry out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 25kHz, power 300W, ultrasonic time 2min, obtain peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture;
(2) above-mentioned yellow mud, baked wheaten cake soil are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carry out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 50kHz, power 400W, ultrasonic time 3min, obtain yellow mud, burn earth mixtures;
(3) by peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture, yellow mud, baked wheaten cake earth mixtures, perlite, phosphate fertilizer mixes, and to obtain final product.
Embodiment 5 adopts following formula to prepare Light media of the present invention: peat soil 72%, coconut palm chaff 6%, perlite 7%, phosphate fertilizer 4%, yellow mud 7%, baked wheaten cake soil (stacked with yellow soil layering by the assorted filling grass of drying, and obtain burn 3h at 200 DEG C of temperature after) 4%; Adopt following preparation process:
(1) peat soil, coconut palm chaff are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carry out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 40kHz, power 200W, ultrasonic time 4min, obtain peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture;
(2) above-mentioned yellow mud, baked wheaten cake soil are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carry out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 40kHz, power 500W, ultrasonic time 8min, obtain yellow mud, burn earth mixtures;
(3) by peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture, yellow mud, baked wheaten cake earth mixtures, perlite, phosphate fertilizer mixes, and to obtain final product.
Embodiment 6 adopts following formula to prepare Light media of the present invention: the perlite 6% of peat soil 70%, coconut palm chaff 8%, particle diameter 0.40 ~ 0.50mm, phosphate fertilizer 5%, yellow mud 8%, baked wheaten cake soil (stacked with yellow soil layering by the assorted filling grass of drying, and obtain burn 1.5h at 400 DEG C of temperature after) 3%; Adopt following preparation process:
(1) peat soil, coconut palm chaff are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carry out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 20kHz, power 400W, ultrasonic time 1min, obtain peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture;
(2) above-mentioned yellow mud, baked wheaten cake soil are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carry out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 30kHz, power 200W, ultrasonic time 4min, obtain yellow mud, burn earth mixtures;
(3) by peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture, yellow mud, baked wheaten cake earth mixtures, perlite, phosphate fertilizer mixes, and to obtain final product.
Embodiment 7 adopts following formula to prepare Light media of the present invention: the perlite 7% of peat soil 73%, coconut palm chaff 4%, particle diameter 0.40mm, phosphate fertilizer 3%, yellow mud 8%, baked wheaten cake soil (stacked with yellow soil layering by the assorted filling grass of drying, and obtain burn 1.5h at 200 DEG C of temperature after) 5%; Preparation method is as follows: (1), according to the demand of nursery quantity, determines the gross mass needing to prepare Light media; (2) claim to calculate the quality needed for various raw material according to the percentage of each raw material in required Light media gross mass and above-mentioned formula; (3) the various raw materials of respective quality are taken; (4) load weighted various raw material is put into agitator to mix; When for nursery, the carbendazim of concentration 1 ‰ is adopted to carry out sterilization.
Embodiment 8 adopts following formula to prepare Light media of the present invention: the perlite 5% of peat soil 76%, coconut palm chaff 7%, particle diameter 0.40mm, phosphate fertilizer 5%, yellow mud 3%, baked wheaten cake soil (stacked with yellow soil layering by the assorted filling grass of drying, and obtain burn 2h at 320 DEG C of temperature after) 4%; Preparation method is as follows: (1), according to the demand of nursery quantity, determines the gross mass needing to prepare Light media; (2) claim to calculate the quality needed for various raw material according to the percentage of each raw material in required Light media gross mass and above-mentioned formula; (3) the various raw materials of respective quality are taken; (4) load weighted various raw material is put into agitator to mix; When for nursery, the carbendazim of concentration 5 ‰ is adopted to carry out sterilization.
Embodiment 9 adopts following formula to prepare Light media of the present invention: the perlite 5% of peat soil 74%, coconut palm chaff 7%, particle diameter 0.40mm, phosphate fertilizer 5%, yellow mud 5%, baked wheaten cake soil (stacked with yellow soil layering by the assorted filling grass of drying, and obtain burn 2h at 280 DEG C of temperature after) 4%; Preparation method is as follows: (1), according to the demand of nursery quantity, determines the gross mass needing to prepare Light media; (2) claim to calculate the quality needed for various raw material according to the percentage of each raw material in required Light media gross mass and above-mentioned formula; (3) the various raw materials of respective quality are taken; (4) load weighted various raw material is put into agitator to mix; When for nursery, the carbendazim of concentration 3.5 ‰ is adopted to carry out sterilization.
Embodiment 10 adopts following formula to prepare Light media of the present invention: the perlite 5% of peat soil 72%, coconut palm chaff 6%, particle diameter 0.40 ~ 0.50mm, phosphate fertilizer 5%, yellow mud 8%, baked wheaten cake soil (stacked with yellow soil layering by the assorted filling grass of drying, and obtain burn 2.5h at 350 DEG C of temperature after) 4%; Preparation method is as follows: (1), according to the demand of nursery quantity, determines the gross mass needing to prepare Light media; (2) claim to calculate the quality needed for various raw material according to the percentage of each raw material in required Light media gross mass and above-mentioned formula; (3) the various raw materials of respective quality are taken; (4) load weighted various raw material is put into agitator to mix; When for nursery, the carbendazim of concentration 1.5 ‰ is adopted to carry out sterilization.
Claims (10)
1. a matrix formulations for broad-leaved tree Light media nursery, is characterized in that: be made up of the raw material of following mass fraction: peat soil 70 ~ 78%, coconut palm chaff 3 ~ 10%, perlite 4 ~ 9%, phosphate fertilizer 3 ~ 5%, yellow mud 3 ~ 8%, baked wheaten cake soil 3 ~ 6%.
2. the matrix formulations of broad-leaved tree Light media nursery as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: be made up of the raw material of following mass fraction: peat soil 70%, coconut palm chaff 10%, perlite 5%, phosphate fertilizer 5%, yellow mud 5%, baked wheaten cake soil 5%.
3. the matrix formulations of broad-leaved tree Light media nursery as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: be made up of the raw material of following mass fraction: peat soil 75%, coconut palm chaff 3%, perlite 9%, phosphate fertilizer 4%, yellow mud 3%, baked wheaten cake soil 6%.
4. the matrix formulations of broad-leaved tree Light media nursery as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: be made up of the raw material of following mass fraction: peat soil 78%, coconut palm chaff 4%, perlite 4%, phosphate fertilizer 3%, yellow mud 8%, baked wheaten cake soil 3%.
5. matrix formulations according to any one of claim 1 to 4, is characterized in that: described perlite particle diameter is 0.30 ~ 0.50mm.
6. matrix formulations according to any one of claim 1 to 4, is characterized in that: described baked wheaten cake soil is stacked with yellow soil layering by the assorted filling grass of drying, and obtain burn 1.5 ~ 3h at 150 ~ 400 DEG C of temperature after.
7. the matrix formulations of broad-leaved tree Light media nursery as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: described assorted quality proportioning of filling with grass and yellow soil is 1:3 ~ 15.
8. the matrix formulations of broad-leaved tree Light media nursery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method preparing matrix according to described formula is: according to the Light media gross mass of nursery needs, each raw material is taken by described formula, put into agitator to stir, then carry out disinfection with the carbendazim of concentration 1 ~ 5 ‰, obtain the Light media for the nursery of broad-leaved tree Light media.
9. a Matrix formulation procedure for broad-leaved tree Light media according to claim 1 nursery, is characterized in that: be following steps:
The raw material of following mass fraction is got: peat soil 70 ~ 78%, coconut palm chaff 3 ~ 10%, perlite 4 ~ 9%, phosphate fertilizer 3 ~ 5%, yellow mud 3 ~ 8%, baked wheaten cake soil 3 ~ 6% by formula;
Peat soil, coconut palm chaff are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carries out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 20 ~ 40kHz, power 200 ~ 400W, ultrasonic time 1 ~ 5min, obtain peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture;
Above-mentioned yellow mud, baked wheaten cake soil are mixed, under following ultrasound condition, carries out ultrasonic process: supersonic frequency 30 ~ 50kHz, power 200 ~ 500W, ultrasonic time 3 ~ 8min, obtain yellow mud, burn earth mixtures;
Step of learning from else's experience (2) and step (3) distinguish peat soil, coconut palm chaff mixture after ultrasonic process, and yellow mud, baked wheaten cake earth mixtures, perlite, phosphate fertilizer mixes.
10. the Matrix formulation procedure of broad-leaved tree Light media nursery as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the described ultrasonic process of described step (3) is carried out at 70 ~ 80 DEG C.
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| CN115119681A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-30 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Method for growing seedlings of castanopsis hystrix in seedling stage by using light medium |
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| CN115119681A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-30 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Method for growing seedlings of castanopsis hystrix in seedling stage by using light medium |
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