CN104663343A - High-yield peach tree planting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield peach tree planting method which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) soil selection; (2) seed selection; (3) sparse planting of strong seedlings; (4) field planting; (5) intercropping; (6) preparation of oilseed residue powder; (7) fertilization management; (8) trunk fixation and trimming and (9) control of diseases and pests. In the planting method, required nutrients, sunshine and ventilation for the growth of peach trees can be guaranteed, the plant diseases and insect pests are reduced, the yield and quality are improved, the strong market demand can be satisfied and economic benefits are gained for fruit farmers. Carbonaceous shale is applied to the soil to increase soil fertility. By promoting and applying the technical scheme of the peach tree planting method, the utilization rate of fertilizers is improved, the stress resistance and disease resistance of plants are strengthened, the planting area of fruit trees is enlarged, water and soil are preserved and the environment is protected.

Description

The cultivation method of a kind of high yield peach

Technical field

The invention belongs to planting fruit trees field, be specifically related to the cultivation method of a kind of high yield peach.

Background technology

Peach is rose family deciduous tree, bark black, is common fruit tree and ornamencal flower and tree.Pulp clear Tianjin taste is sweet, except eating raw, also can make tank dry, processed.Really, leaf is all intoxicated containing almond, all can be used as medicine.Peach is defoliation small arbor, and dryness is more weak, and it is short that central backbone maintains the time limit, the happy shape of many employings in cultivation.Peach fruit bearing shoot breaks up bud by the axillalry bud on young sprout and formed, and is bud one flower.Fruit number and the quality of fruit and cultivation condition closely related.The precocious early peach of south China cultivation, often because the ripe phase just meets bai-u rainy period, underground water and air humidity are all high and affect the raising of yield and quality.

Shale (Shale), a kind ofly easily split broken by the clay substance molecule formed that hardens, be easy to division and become obvious rock stratum, it is the one of slate, complicated component, except clay mineral, also containing many detrital minerals (as quartz, feldspar, mica etc.) and authigenic mineral (as the oxide of iron, aluminium, manganese and hydroxide etc.).Tool laminated or laminar bedding.Formed after compaction, dehydration, recrystallization by clay material.

In the many measures ensureing agricultural produce, use chemical fertilizer to the output improving crop, there is very important and irreplaceable important function.Diseases and pests of agronomic crop is the key factor affecting output, and the economic loss that China is caused by damage by disease and insect every year reaches 1 5%-20%.Therefore, effective disease and pest control is extremely important.How to improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, reduce fertilizer application amount, promoting Agricultural product without pollution, is the active demand of current China agricultural production.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides the cultivation method of a kind of high yield peach, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:

(1) soil property is selected: select the level land of sandy soil Reel or ground, gentle slope to be orcharding, soil pH is between 6-7, and on the sunny side, soil layer is deep, fertile, height above sea level 160-240m, and irrigation and drainage are convenient;

(2) choose seeds: seed is adopted Hui Houjing and floated screening clearly, removes flat grain;

(3) rarely strong sprout is educated: require that nursery is lower than 1.5-1.8 ten thousand plants/acre, young plant stem rugosity >=1.2cm, average height 25-35cm;

(4) field planting: first prune root system before field planting, cuts the 1/4-1/3 of system general length, planting pit diameter 65-70cm, the dark 55-65cm in cave, and often well-rotted farmyard manure 25 kilograms is executed in hole, and spacing in the rows, line-spacing are 2-3m, and the depth of planting buries native 8-10cm more than root system;

(5) spacing sleeve cropping: the Juvenile Stage before peach 4 age carries out spacing sleeve cropping, and spacing sleeve cropping plant is short raw herbaceous plant;

(6) liquefaction dish ground-slag end: in units of every hundred jin of rape slags, incorporate in 60 jin of water with 6 jin of urea, be sprayed on rape slag equably with sprayer, then use covered rearing with plastic film 7-9 days, ammoniated treatment post-drying, is crushed to below 1mm, cross 25 mesh sieves, obtain screenings;

(7) fertilizing management: rape ground-slag end mu obtained for above-mentioned steps is executed 120-150kg, mu organic fertilizer base manure barnyard manure 2000kg, urea every strain 5-6kg, the every strain 3-4kg of culm fine powder;

(8) fixed pole is pruned: fixed pole height 1.5-2.5m, 3-4 the major branch be evenly distributed that trunk is selected and remain, side shoot that major branch is selected and remain, and trees in richful production period, except each major branch elongated shoot of light pruning, also will wipe out thin and delicate branch and the sick branch of interior thorax;

(9) diseases and pests controlling: spray triadimefon at the end of annual 5 months, wetting powder 600 times of liquid, to control powdery mildew, spray and flutter lice 900 times of liquid controls between the aphid emergence period, do once when entering the winter with limewash painting.

The cultivation method of above-mentioned a kind of high yield peach, is characterized in that, the short raw herbaceous plant of described step (5) spacing sleeve cropping is: soya bean, potato or taro.

The beneficial effect of the invention:

Implantation methods of the present invention can ensure peach growth needed for nutrient, sunlight, ventilation and reduce damage by disease and insect, improve seed output and quality, the powerful market demand can be met, for orchard worker wins economic benefit.Culm is manured into soil, turns waste into wealth, greatly reduce environmental pollution, increase soil fertility.The present invention, with applying by peach cultivation method technical scheme, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, strengthens the resistance of plant and resistance against diseases, expands planting fruit trees area, conserves water and soil, protection of the environment.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

(1) soil property is selected: select the level land of sandy soil Reel or ground, gentle slope to be orcharding, soil pH is between 6-7, and on the sunny side, soil layer is deep, fertile, height above sea level 160m, and irrigation and drainage are convenient;

(2) choose seeds: seed is adopted Hui Houjing and floated screening clearly, removes flat grain;

(3) rarely strong sprout is educated: require that nursery is lower than 1.5 ten thousand plants/acre, young plant stem rugosity >=1.2cm, average height 25cm;

(4) field planting: first prune root system before field planting, cuts the 1/4-1/3 of system general length, planting pit diameter 65cm, the dark 55cm in cave, and often well-rotted farmyard manure 25 kilograms is executed in hole, and spacing in the rows, line-spacing are 2m, and the depth of planting buries native 8cm more than root system;

(5) spacing sleeve cropping: the Juvenile Stage before peach 4 age carries out spacing sleeve cropping, and spacing sleeve cropping plant is short raw herbaceous plant soya bean;

(6) liquefaction dish ground-slag end: in units of every hundred jin of rape slags, incorporate in 60 jin of water with 6 jin of urea, be sprayed on rape slag equably with sprayer, then use covered rearing with plastic film 7 days, ammoniated treatment post-drying, is crushed to below 1mm, cross 25 mesh sieves, obtain screenings;

(7) fertilizing management: rape ground-slag end mu obtained for above-mentioned steps is executed 120kg, mu organic fertilizer base manure barnyard manure 2000kg, urea every strain 5kg, the every strain 3kg of culm fine powder;

(8) fixed pole is pruned: fixed pole height 1.5m, 3-4 the major branch be evenly distributed that trunk is selected and remain, side shoot that major branch is selected and remain, and trees in richful production period, except each major branch elongated shoot of light pruning, also will wipe out thin and delicate branch and the sick branch of interior thorax;

(9) diseases and pests controlling: spray triadimefon at the end of annual 5 months, wetting powder 600 times of liquid, to control powdery mildew, spray and flutter lice 900 times of liquid controls between the aphid emergence period, do once when entering the winter with limewash painting.

Embodiment 2

(1) soil property is selected: select the level land of sandy soil Reel or ground, gentle slope to be orcharding, soil pH is between 6-7, and on the sunny side, soil layer is deep, fertile, height above sea level 160-240m, and irrigation and drainage are convenient;

(2) choose seeds: seed is adopted Hui Houjing and floated screening clearly, removes flat grain;

(3) rarely strong sprout is educated: require that nursery is lower than 1.5-1.8 ten thousand plants/acre, young plant stem rugosity >=1.2cm, average height 25-35cm;

(4) field planting: first prune root system before field planting, cuts the 1/4-1/3 of system general length, planting pit diameter 70cm, the dark 65cm in cave, and often well-rotted farmyard manure 25 kilograms is executed in hole, and spacing in the rows, line-spacing are 3m, and the depth of planting buries native 10cm more than root system;

(5) spacing sleeve cropping: the Juvenile Stage before peach 4 age carries out spacing sleeve cropping, and spacing sleeve cropping plant is short raw herbaceous plant taro;

(6) liquefaction dish ground-slag end: in units of every hundred jin of rape slags, incorporate in 60 jin of water with 6 jin of urea, be sprayed on rape slag equably with sprayer, then use covered rearing with plastic film 9 days, ammoniated treatment post-drying, is crushed to below 1mm, cross 25 mesh sieves, obtain screenings;

(7) fertilizing management: rape ground-slag end mu obtained for above-mentioned steps is executed 150kg, mu organic fertilizer base manure barnyard manure 2000kg, urea every strain 6kg, the every strain 4kg of culm fine powder;

(8) fixed pole is pruned: fixed pole height 2.5m, 3-4 the major branch be evenly distributed that trunk is selected and remain, side shoot that major branch is selected and remain, and trees in richful production period, except each major branch elongated shoot of light pruning, also will wipe out thin and delicate branch and the sick branch of interior thorax;

(9) diseases and pests controlling: spray triadimefon at the end of annual 5 months, wetting powder 600 times of liquid, to control powdery mildew, spray and flutter lice 900 times of liquid controls between the aphid emergence period, do once when entering the winter with limewash painting.

Claims (2)

1. a cultivation method for high yield peach, is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:

(1) soil property is selected: select the level land of sandy soil Reel or ground, gentle slope to be orcharding, soil pH is between 6-7, and on the sunny side, soil layer is deep, fertile, height above sea level 160-240m, and irrigation and drainage are convenient;

(2) choose seeds: seed is adopted Hui Houjing and floated screening clearly, removes flat grain;

(3) rarely strong sprout is educated: require that nursery is lower than 1.5-1.8 ten thousand plants/acre, young plant stem rugosity >=1.2cm, average height 25-35cm;

(4) field planting: first prune root system before field planting, cuts the 1/4-1/3 of system general length, planting pit diameter 65-70cm, the dark 55-65cm in cave, and often well-rotted farmyard manure 25 kilograms is executed in hole, and spacing in the rows, line-spacing are 2-3m, and the depth of planting buries native 8-10cm more than root system;

(5) spacing sleeve cropping: the Juvenile Stage before peach 4 age carries out spacing sleeve cropping, and spacing sleeve cropping plant is short raw herbaceous plant;

(6) liquefaction dish ground-slag end: in units of every hundred jin of rape slags, incorporate in 60 jin of water with 6 jin of urea, be sprayed on rape slag equably with sprayer, then use covered rearing with plastic film 7-9 days, ammoniated treatment post-drying, is crushed to below 1mm, cross 25 mesh sieves, obtain screenings;

(7) fertilizing management: rape ground-slag end mu obtained for above-mentioned steps is executed 120-150kg, mu organic fertilizer base manure barnyard manure 2000kg, urea every strain 5-6kg, the every strain 3-4kg of culm fine powder;

(8) fixed pole is pruned: fixed pole height 1.5-2.5m, 3-4 the major branch be evenly distributed that trunk is selected and remain, side shoot that major branch is selected and remain, and trees in richful production period, except each major branch elongated shoot of light pruning, also will wipe out thin and delicate branch and the sick branch of interior thorax;

(9) diseases and pests controlling: spray triadimefon at the end of annual 5 months, wetting powder 600 times of liquid, to control powdery mildew, spray and flutter lice 900 times of liquid controls between the aphid emergence period, do once when entering the winter with limewash painting.

2. according to the cultivation method of a kind of high yield peach described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the short raw herbaceous plant of described step (5) spacing sleeve cropping is: soya bean, potato or taro.