CN104630083A - 一种卷曲乳杆菌及其在妇女保健产品中的应用 - Google Patents
一种卷曲乳杆菌及其在妇女保健产品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104630083A CN104630083A CN201310551630.3A CN201310551630A CN104630083A CN 104630083 A CN104630083 A CN 104630083A CN 201310551630 A CN201310551630 A CN 201310551630A CN 104630083 A CN104630083 A CN 104630083A
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- lactobacillus crispatus
- cgmcc
- lactobacillus
- bacterium
- crispatus
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种卷曲乳杆菌(Lactobacilluscrispatus)Lc262-1和包含该菌株的菌剂及其在妇女保健产品中的应用,所述卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1是卷曲乳杆菌属的新菌株,在中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心的保藏编号为CGMCCNo.6469,该卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1是阴道的优势菌,能稳定分泌乳酸、过氧化氢等物质,保持阴道的酸性环境,抑制有害细菌的生长,安全无毒、可稳定传代以及扩大培养并可长期保存,所述卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1和包含该菌株的菌剂应用于妇女保健产品例如是医疗器械、消毒产品或者化妆品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种乳杆菌属的新菌株及其应用,具体涉及一种卷曲乳杆菌,其在调节阴道微环境、抑制阴道加德纳菌(BV致病菌)的同时,具有明显的抑制白色念珠菌、病原菌作用,对于在日常妇女保健的应用具有巨大的优势和潜力。
背景技术
医疗器械作为近代科学技术的产品已广泛应用于疾病的预防、诊断、治疗、保健和康复过程中,成为现代医学领域中的重要诊疗手段。但是,与药品一样,使用医疗器械也具有一定的风险。与风险有关的因素包括:(1)设计因素。 受科学技术条件、认知水平、工艺等因素的限制,医疗器械在研发过程中不同程度地存在目的单纯、考虑单一、设计与临床实际不匹配、应用定位模糊等问题,造成难以回避的设计缺陷。(2)材料因素。医疗器械许多材料的选择源自于工业,不可避免地要面临生物相容性、微生物污染,化学物质残留等实际问题,并且医疗器械无论是材料的选择,还是临床应用,跨度都非常大,而人体还受着内、外环境复杂因素的影响,一种对于医疗器械本身非常好的材料,不一定就能完全适用于临床使用。而更多的化学材料对人体安全性的评价,往往不是在短时间内能够完成的。(3)临床应用因素。主要是风险比较大的医疗器械在预期设计、使用过程中与其他医疗器械协同、应用人群特性、医师对新医疗器械的熟练程度等。所有这些都决定了医疗器械自身及其使用中固有的潜在风险。在妇科疾病的检查和诊治过程中,如果检查的器械材料成分欠合理、器械不干净或应用人群过于敏感,则会引发感染。因此改善妇科医疗器械的材料、成分、与人体接触面成分从而增强器械的生物相容性、降低引发感染的概率、保证检查的安全性显得尤为重要。
女性阴道是非常易感染的地方,如果不注意卫生常会导致许多妇科炎症产生。健康妇女阴道内存在多种微生物,它们与宿主、环境之间构成了相互制约、相互协调、动态平衡的阴道微生态系统。健康妇女的阴道菌群主要由乳杆菌构成,包括卷曲乳杆菌、詹氏乳杆菌和格氏乳杆菌等。正常情况下乳杆菌对阴道可以起到保护作用,而以乳杆菌占优势的阴道微生态的紊乱可以导致阴道炎。生活中很多女性使用妇科消毒产品、护理产品及保养产品来保持卫生和保养,然而也经常出现各种各样的问题。
妇科消毒产品用于皮肤粘膜、妇科粘膜清洗抗菌,其主要有效成分大部分为碘、高锰酸钾,对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和真菌有抗菌作用,对皮肤粘膜无刺激,一部分女性频繁使用外洗剂、消毒剂来冲洗阴道及外阴以达到预防妇科病发生的目的,但实际上,这种做法反而可能产生不良后果,由于在正常情况下,阴道内生存着大量对人有益的杆菌,它们将阴道表皮细胞中贮存的糖元分解成乳酸,以维持阴道的酸度,构成一道防御致病菌在阴道内繁殖的天然防线。使用消毒剂冲洗或坐浴浸泡,可能破坏阴道的防御功能,各种致病菌乘虚而入,在阴道内大量繁殖而引起多种妇科疾病。对于阴部用的化妆品,同样存在上述问题,如果护理不当,很容易变成细菌滋生的温床,导致发痒、发炎甚至妇科炎症的发生,因此专家建议不要经常、长期滥用消毒剂、化妆品,以防菌群失调,患上妇科疾病等。
进一步的,健康妇女阴道内存在多种乳杆菌,具有个体差异性,且乳杆菌各株间抗致病菌能力差异明显。选择乳杆菌益生菌时,需要综合考虑乳杆菌的种类,其产酸、产H2O2 能力,及与阴道上皮细胞粘附的能力,其中乳酸杆菌能否在阴道成功定殖,是乳杆菌及其以乳杆菌为活性成分的菌剂持续作用的基础,也是乳杆菌发挥疗效的关键因素。
研究表明:产H2O2 乳杆菌是健康妇女阴道内的优势菌,是保护女性阴道免受病原体感染的重要因素。另外乳杆菌代谢产生的酸和一些抗微生物因子也可有效地抑制其他细菌的生长繁殖。
在阴部卫生及其护理已经广泛受到大家重视的今天,开发既能保证卫生、又对女性健康有益的产品成为研究热点。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种筛选于健康人体、具有活跃稳定的生物学特性、在每剂量中活菌数CFU >109、抑菌能力强的卷曲乳杆菌、菌剂及其在妇女保健相关产品方面的应用。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案1是:
一种卷曲乳杆菌,其特征在于所述卷曲乳杆菌命名为卷曲乳杆菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)Lc262-1,在中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心的保藏编号为CGMCC No. 6469。
上述卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1从中国健康育龄妇女阴道分泌物中筛选得来,已于2012 年8月22 日保藏于在中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(简称CGMCC),保藏地址为:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1 号院,中国科学院微生物研究所,保藏登记号为CGMCC No. 6469。
本发明的技术方案2是:
一种利用权利要求1所述的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469制成的菌剂,所述菌剂活性成分为卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469。
以卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469为活性成分制成菌剂,所述菌剂形态为液态或固态或凝胶态,其中固态菌剂的剂型如胶囊或片剂或粉剂,相应的,该菌剂同样具有与卷曲乳杆菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469相同或相近的各类用途,
本发明的技术方案3是:
如权利要求1所述的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469在妇科医疗器械中的应用。
本发明的技术方案4是:
如权利要求1所述的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469在妇科消毒产品中的应用。
本发明的技术方案5是:
如权利要求1所述的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469在女性阴部用化妆品中的应用。
采用上述技术方案产生的有益效果在于:(1)本发明的卷曲乳杆菌株可以长期保存,并抵抗细菌性阴道病和各种阴道感染,包括白色念珠菌性阴道炎、淋病、病毒性阴道炎、以及泌尿道感染等。(2)本发明的菌株直接采集于健康人体,具有活跃稳定的生物学特性,无需驯化和复壮工艺,直接进入制剂工艺即可,制剂冻干粉4℃条件下保存6个月活菌率高。(3)本发明的菌株及菌剂的活性成分具有抑制加德纳菌、抑制白色念珠菌的作用,与市售对照菌相比较,具有优势的阴道上皮细胞黏附力,具有灵长类阴道定殖的优势能力。
附图说明
图1A、1B分别是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1菌落形态的正面、反面照片;
图2是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1的革兰氏染色镜检照片;
图3是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1放大不同倍数的电镜照片;
图4是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 T0、T30、T50的16SrDNA基因PCR扩增产物电泳图;
图5是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1过氧化氢产生反应0 min、5 min、10 min结果图片;
图6是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1T0、T30、T50的菌落形态的正面、反面照片;
图7是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 T0、T30、T50的革兰氏染色镜检照片;
图8是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1T0、T30、T50的过氧化氢产生反应0 min、5 min、10 min结果图片;
图9是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1(左)和德氏乳杆菌(右)对阴道加德纳菌的抑菌效果;
图10是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1(右列2个)和德氏乳杆菌(左列1个)对阿托波菌的抑菌效果;
图11是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1(左)和德氏乳杆菌(右)对白色念珠菌的抑菌效果;
图12是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1定植中华恒河猴阴道后中华恒河猴阴道微生物区部分菌株16SrDNA片段PCR扩增产物电泳图;
图13是本发明的卷曲乳杆菌在受试动物定植后检出卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1数量,其中纵轴为卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1的CFU值,横轴为各个动物的5个取样时间点;day1代表定植后第1天,以此类推。
具体实施方式
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
细菌培养基配制:
1.卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1选择性培养基(Rogosa SL)配制:
(1)将琼脂粉配成溶液,1.5 g/100ml去离子水,密封;
(2)放入高压锅,1.0 MPa蒸20分钟;打开超净台,紫外线照射20分钟以上;
(3)待高压锅无压力后取出琼脂溶液,加入乳杆菌选择性培养基(Rogosa SL Broth)5.97 g/100ml琼脂溶液;
(4)加入冰醋酸0.132ml/100ml琼脂溶液,密封后于微波炉煮沸2.3分钟;
(5)待培养基温度降至室温后倒入培养皿,根据培养皿大小约10ml/个或20ml/个;
(6)步骤(3)—(5)于超净台内操作。冷却后成琼脂状,标记培养基名称及配制日期,放于4℃冰箱待用。
2.肉汤固体培养基(MRS)配制:
(1)将琼脂粉配成溶液,1.59/100ml去离子水;
(2)加入MRS Broth 17.91 g/100ml琼脂溶液,混匀;
(3)放入高压锅,1.0 MPa蒸20分钟;
(4)同上述步骤(5)、(6)。
3.肉汤液体培养基(MRS)配制:
(1)将MRS Broth加入去离子水,比例为17.9l g/100ml;
(2)放入高压锅,1.0MPa蒸20分钟;
(3)待高压锅无压力后取出,分装至EP管中,每个1.0 ml。标记培养基名称及配制日期,放于4℃冰箱待用。
4.过氧化氢(H2O2)鉴定培养基配制:
(1)同肉汤固体培养基(MRS)配制步骤(1)至(4);
(2)待高压锅无压力后取出,稍冷却,但仍为液体状态时于超净台内加入TMB(终浓度0.25 mg/m1)、HRP(终浓度0.01 mg/m1),混匀;
(3)待培养基温度降至室温后倒入培养皿,冷却后成琼脂状,标记培养基名称及配制日期,放于4℃冰箱待用。
实施例1、卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1菌群的分离和接种、纯化、增菌培养
一、卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1菌群的分离和接种:样品收集采用美国BD公司的Port.A-Cd系统。用两个无菌棉拭子采集受试者阴道侧壁上1/3的分泌物,24小时内以不同浓度接种于装有配制好的Rogosa SL培养基的培养皿,并标记信息,将培养皿置于厌氧罐中,并放入CO2产气袋,置于37℃孵育箱,孵育48h以上。
二、卷曲乳杆菌菌株Lc262-1的纯化、增菌培养:按照菌落不同形态(表面、边缘等)、大小分别计数,形态相同、大小一致的记为一种,接种环挑取单个菌落中少许细菌,按“斜线法”接种至MRS固体培养基以得到分离纯化的单菌落;菌牙签挑取MRS固体培养基上的单菌落少许细菌,接种至MRS液体培养基,置于37℃孵育箱,厌氧培养24h-72h。筛选出新的菌株,命名为卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1。
实施例2、卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1菌株的菌种鉴定
一、培养特性、染色镜检及形态学特征:培养后得到的菌落如图1,菌落呈灰白色圆形,中间饱满,周围弥散,不规则;取该菌纯培养物涂片进行革兰氏染色,结果如图2,呈现革兰氏阳性,短杆装,可连成长链;电镜分析结果见图3,电镜下该菌株无芽孢,无鞭毛,无荚膜,菌株大小为26.824×6.667um。结果表明:所分离菌株初步判定为乳杆菌属。
二、16SrDNA基因序列鉴定:以细菌基因组DNA提取试剂盒进行DNA提取,并采用引物对8F/926R进行PCR扩增,取PCR产物进行凝胶电泳,确定16SrDNA基因片段,满意结果为于950bp处得到单一清晰的PCR产物条带, 见图4,将满意的PCR产物进行纯化及DNA序列测定,采用Sanger测序法,测序引物为8F/926R,测序仪器ABI3730,通过GenBank数据库中的BLAST程序进行序列相似性比较分析,根据最高同源性分值(大于98%)即可确定乳杆菌的种属。16SrDNA的部分序列见序列表SEQ ID NO:1,8F序列见序列表SEQ ID NO:4,926R序列见序列表SEQ ID NO:5,其中R代表G或A。
三、生理生化特征:通过七叶苷水解试验、甲基红试验(MR试验)、乙酰甲基甲醇试验(VP试验)、靛基质试验、三糖铁试验 、克氏双糖铁试验、尿素酶试验、苯丙氨酸脱氨酶试验、氨基酸脱羧酶试验、明胶液化试验、丙二酸钠试验、柠檬酸盐实验(枸橼酸盐实验)、硝酸盐还原试验、石蕊牛奶试验、细菌动力试验测定菌株生理生化反应,得如下结果:卷曲乳杆菌菌株Lc262-1能够水解七叶苷生成葡萄糖和七叶素、MR试验呈阳性说明代谢葡萄糖产生有机酸、VP试验呈阴性说明代谢葡萄糖不产生丙酮酸、靛基质试验试验结果为该菌不分解蛋白胨中色氨酸而产生吲哚、三糖铁试验说明代谢乳糖葡萄糖不产生H2S、克氏双糖铁试验说明代谢乳糖不产生H2S,尿素酶试验、苯丙氨酸脱氨酶试验、氨基酸脱羧酶试验、明胶液化试验均呈阴性,说明该菌不产生尿素酶、苯丙氨酸脱氨酶、氨基酸脱羧酶、明胶酶,丙二酸钠试验、柠檬酸盐实验(枸橼酸盐实验)、硝酸盐还原试验均呈阴性,说明该菌不利用丙二酸钠作为碳源、不利用枸橼酸盐作为氮源和碳源、不还原硝酸盐成亚硝酸盐,石蕊牛奶试验发现该菌可使牛奶发酵但不凝固,说明该菌生在旺盛、不产凝乳酶,细菌动力试验呈阴性。采用法国梅里埃公司生产的API 50 CHL乳杆菌鉴定系统对菌株进行生化鉴定,鉴定结果为24h、48h时,可使半乳糖、葡萄糖、果糖、甘露糖、N-乙酰-葡糖胺、苦杏仁苷、熊果苷、七叶灵、柳醇、纤维二糖、麦芽糖、乳糖、蔗糖、淀粉发酵,反应中呈阳性;甘油、赤藓醇、D-阿拉伯糖、L-阿拉伯糖、核糖、D-木糖、L-木糖、阿东醇、β-甲基-D-木糖苷、山梨糖、鼠李糖、卫茅糖、肌醇、甘露醇、山梨醇、α-甲基-D-甘露糖苷、α-甲基-D-葡萄糖苷、蜜二糖、菊糖、松叁糖、木糖醇、拢牛儿糖、D-松二糖、D-来苏糖、D-塔格糖、D-岩糖、L-岩糖、D-阿拉伯糖醇、L-阿拉伯糖醇、葡萄糖酸盐、2-酮基-葡萄糖酸盐、5-酮基-葡萄糖酸盐不发酵,反应中呈阴性;海藻糖、棉子糖、糖原呈弱阳性,其中底物空白时反应均为阴性,由此生化图谱判定菌株生化特性符合卷曲乳杆菌的生化特性。
实施例3、卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1菌种代谢产物测定
一、菌种代谢产物中乳酸含量测定:D-乳酸检测试剂盒测定本菌株D-乳酸的产量,结果测得为6.213g/L;传感分析仪测得L-乳酸的含量为3.789g/L,结果见下表1中T0组数据。
表1 乳酸测定结果
样品 | D-乳酸(g/L) | L-乳酸(g/L) |
T0 | 6.213 | 3789 |
T30 | 6.334 | 3.330 |
T50 | 6.291 | 3.225 |
二、菌种代谢产物中过氧化氢含量测定:按Mcgroarty等的过氧化物酶法进行过氧化氢半定量测定,将已分离鉴定的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1接种于H2O2鉴定MRS-TMB平板,37℃厌氧培养 24h后,取出平板,在空气中暴露菌体。产H2O2乳杆菌菌落将变为蓝色,而不产H2O2菌落不变色,根据变色时间对产生的H2O2进行半定量,结果见图5,图中5min时菌落已有微蓝色显现,10min时大量蓝色明显出现,根据表2所示判定标准,本菌株代谢产生过氧化氢,半定量级别为+++级。
以上结果说明本乳杆菌菌株Lc262-1能产生乳酸和过氧化氢,有助于维持阴道微生态平衡。
表2 H2O2半定量判定标准
菌落变色时间 | H2O2半定量级别 |
< 10分钟 | +++ |
10-<20分钟 | ++ |
20-30分钟 | + |
>30分钟或不变色 | - |
实施例4、抗生素敏感试验
按照2010年版药典第三部微生态活菌制品总论中抗生素敏感性试验的要求,采用琼脂扩散纸片法测定菌株对抗生素的敏感性,根据抑菌圈的大小判断菌株对抗生素敏感性级别,测定结果如下表3, 根据药敏试验纸片法的抑菌范围解释标准判定本卷曲乳杆菌株对灭滴灵(甲硝唑)、庆大霉素、杆菌肽、卡那霉素耐药,对氨苄西林、头孢曲松、氯霉素、克林霉素、亚胺培南、红霉素、哌拉西林、四环素、阿奇霉素、阿莫西林、万古霉素敏感,对青霉素、苯唑西林中介。
表3. 抗生素敏感试验结果
注:由于药敏纸片法仅具有病原菌的判定标准,乳杆菌不在其列,所列判别标准参考嗜血杆菌等菌的判定方法,设定为:敏感、中介、耐药三个级别。
实施例5、毒性试验
5只SPF 级昆明种小鼠,每只小鼠腹腔注射0.3 ml新鲜的卷曲乳杆菌悬浮菌液(大于1×109 CFU/只鼠)。按2010版中国药典要求,每天测量每只小鼠体重,并观察、记录每只小鼠注射前后的行为和生理等变化。结果显示7天内所有动物体重均有增加,未见明显中毒症状,活动行为无异常,无动物死亡,认为该菌株属于无毒类菌株。
实施例6、卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1传代稳定性测试
本实施例从生长特性、形态学、生化特点、代谢物成分、抗生素敏感特性、遗传特性以及毒性测试等方面对本卷曲乳杆菌菌株Lc262-1进行了传代30代(T30)、50代(T50)的稳定性考察。
一、卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1分离纯化、菌落形态观察、染色镜检及生化特性检测方法同实施例1和实施例2的第一部分。结果表明:经过传代,菌落形态见图6,可见没有发生显著变化,传代稳定;革兰氏染色呈现为革兰氏阳性杆菌,染色镜检照片如图7所示;生化鉴定24h、48h时结果表明各代生化反应特性一致,符合卷曲乳杆菌的生化特性。以上结果表明:菌株生化特性符合卷曲乳杆菌的生化特性,各代生化反应特性一致。
二、遗传特性分析:方法同实施例2的第二部分。分别对卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1的第0代(T0)、第30代(T30)、第50代(T50)菌株进行16SrDNA片段PCR扩增,将PCR扩增产物电泳分析见图4,目的条带清晰且单一,大小约为950bp,扩增正确,T0、T30、T50三次PCR扩增结果一致。将T0、T30、T50的PCR扩增产物测序,序列分别见附录序列表SEQ ID NO:1 、SEQ ID NO:2 、SEQ ID NO:3。将测得序列使用NCBI中的BLAST工具与GenBank数据库中的已知序列进行比对分析,为卷曲乳杆菌。
三、代谢产物测定:方法同实施例3,乳酸测定结果见表1,过氧化氢测定结果见图8,图中各带菌落均在5min时已出现少量蓝色,10min时大量蓝色明显出现,证明菌株代谢产生过氧化氢,半定量级别为+++级。
四、抗生素敏感试验:方法同实施例4,采用采用琼脂扩散纸片法测定菌株对抗生素的敏感性,根据药敏试验纸片法的抑菌范围解释标准判定本卷曲乳杆菌株对甲硝唑、庆大霉素、杆菌肽、卡那霉素耐药,对氯霉素、克林霉素、亚胺培南、红霉素、哌拉西林、四环素、阿奇霉素敏感,对氨苄西林、头孢曲松、青霉素、苯唑西林、阿莫西林、万古霉素中介,见表3。
五、毒性试验:方法同实施例5,用小鼠腹腔注射法对本菌的T0、T30、T50代菌株进行了乳杆菌(浓度>109CFU/只鼠)的毒性测试。结果为:全部受试小鼠7天内均未见中毒症状,体重均有增加,无动物死亡。根据上述结果,按《新药药理、毒理研究技术要求补充说明》,该菌株属于无毒类菌株。
综合,本实施例将卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1用MRS培养基培养多次传代,从形态学、生化学、代谢物特点及遗传特性、药敏特性、毒性试验等方面探讨了传代繁植对卷曲乳杆菌的影响。结果表明:用MRS培养传代在50代以内其形态学、生化学、遗传特性、代谢物及药敏特性与最初分离菌株一致。
实施例7、卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1菌株药效学实验
一、卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1菌株体外抑菌实验
(1)卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1和德氏乳杆菌体外抑制阴道加德纳菌的实验:分别接种37℃ 5%CO2培养过夜的Lc262-1和德氏乳杆菌菌液各5μL于MRS琼脂平皿上,37℃厌氧培养48h;取阴道加德纳菌100μL,接种于10mL BHI液体培养基中,37℃ 厌氧培养48h;吸取50ml soft BHI agar加入2.5ml马血清及1ml 加德纳菌悬液混合均匀后,吸取5ml,平铺于培养48h后的乳杆菌MRS琼脂平板上,分别编号,37℃ 厌氧培养,直至乳杆菌周围出现抑菌圈。结果见图9,其中左图为卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1抑菌圈效果,游标卡尺测量抑菌圈直径为21.68mm,右图为德氏乳杆菌抑菌圈效果,抑菌直径为19.32mm,结论为Lc262-1对阴道加德纳菌的抑菌效果强于德式乳杆菌。
(2)卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1和德氏乳杆菌体外抑制阿托波菌的实验:分别点种37℃ 5%CO2培养过夜的Lc262-1和德氏乳杆菌菌液各5μL于MRS琼脂平皿上,37℃厌氧培养48h;将37℃厌氧培养好的阿托波菌制备成不同浓度的起始菌悬液,其OD600分别为0.05、0.1、0.2和0.3。蘸取不同浓度的阿托波菌液,均匀涂布在整个哥伦比亚血琼脂培养基表面;将培养好的Lc262-1和德氏乳杆菌,按压打孔并用镊子将菌饼取出,倒置在涂布有阿托波菌的哥伦比亚血琼脂培养基上,于37℃厌氧培养48h后,观察记录抑菌圈。结果见表4和图10,根据图片和测量的抑菌圈大小可以得如下结论,卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1对阿托波菌的抑制效果明显优于德氏乳杆菌;随着阿托波菌浓度的增高,卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1对其抑制效果基本不变,抑菌圈直径均为20mm左右;德氏乳杆菌抑菌力随着阿托波菌浓度的增高而降低。
表4 抑菌圈直径(mm)
(3)卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1与德氏乳杆菌体外抑制白色念珠菌的实验:点种5μL Lc262-1和德氏乳杆菌新鲜菌液于MRS琼脂培养基中。37℃厌氧培养48h;取100μL白色念珠菌新鲜菌悬液于5mL soft YM agar(0.4%琼脂,50℃水浴)中混合均匀,倾倒在培养48h的乳杆菌MRS琼脂上;待其凝固后,于37℃ 5%CO2培养,直至乳杆菌周围出现抑菌圈。结果见图11,结论为卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1对白色念珠菌的抑菌圈明显且清晰,抑制效果明显高于德氏乳杆菌。
(4)卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1与德氏乳杆菌体外对病原菌金黄色葡萄球菌,大肠埃希氏菌,铜绿假单胞菌和沙门氏菌的抑制作用
研究方法:点种5μL 卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1和德氏乳杆菌新鲜菌液于MRS琼脂培养基中,37℃ 5%CO2厌氧培养48h;分别取金黄色葡萄球菌,铜绿假单胞菌,沙门氏菌和大肠埃希菌新鲜菌悬液100μL,于5mL的营养琼脂(0.4%琼脂,50℃水浴)中混合均匀,倾倒在培养48h后的乳杆菌MRS琼脂培养基上,待凝固后,37℃、5% CO2培养,直至乳杆菌周围出现抑菌圈。结果见下表5,结论:卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1对病原菌金黄色葡萄球菌,沙门氏菌和大肠埃希菌的抑菌效果均优于德氏乳杆菌;卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1和德氏乳杆菌对铜绿假单胞菌的抑菌效果最明显,抑菌圈直径均大于90mm。
表5 抑菌圈直径(mm)
病原菌 | 卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 | 德氏乳杆菌 |
大肠埃希氏菌 | 50.0 | 43.0 |
金黄色葡萄球菌 | 42.4 | 38.31 |
沙门氏菌 | 51.33 | 48.10 |
铜绿假单胞菌 | >90 | >90 |
二、细胞黏附力实验:根据黏附在阴道上皮细胞单细胞层上的乳杆菌个数,确定不同乳杆菌的黏附性能。方法如下:取人类阴道上皮细胞Vk2/E6E7和人类子宫颈癌上皮细胞Hela,将细胞以45万每孔的密度接种于一个12孔板中,待48小时后VK2/E6E7形成单细胞层;每孔以不同数量的CFU分别加入市售乳杆菌DJS和卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1,粘附4小时,粘附过程中在摇床上面轻轻振荡,各组分别设有两个平行实验;当粘附结束后,用1 ml 0.05% tritonX-100裂解细胞,制成悬浮菌液,稀释,分别取100 ul菌液均匀地接种于MRS琼脂培养基平板上;厌氧培养48小时后,统计每个平板的克隆数。
结果显示:卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1的4h黏附率分别为43.1%和69.4%,市售同类乳杆菌DJS菌株4h黏附率分别为29.2%和26%,卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1的黏附力高于市售同类乳杆菌DJS菌株。
三、恒河猴阴道定植实验
选择5只健康动物按体重进行分层随机分组,分成2组,对照组动物2只(动物编号为1203、1204),实验组3只(动物编号为3211、3212、3222)。其中试验动物为由苏州西山中科实验动物有限公司提供的雌性中华恒河猴 [Chinese-origin Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)]。试验方法如下:
定植用卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1制备:称取卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1的冷冻干燥菌粉,使定植量为108。对照使用未加乳杆菌的空白冷冻干燥辅料,无菌操作条件下,各加入MRS液体培养基0.7 mL,混合均匀,用阴道给药器全部吸取后阴道植入。
定植造模及取样:在可观察到正常月经周期的猴子月经后,连续5天阴道给阿奇霉素栓剂(200 mg/只),再连续5天植入造模菌。每周对动物的阴道进行一次观察,检查阴道分泌物的颜色,性状及分泌量及测定阴道分泌物pH,取2只无菌聚酯棉签取样,其中一只棉签用于阴道分泌物清洁度镜检,另一支棉签用于菌群分析。
阴道菌的分离和纯化培养:将采集的阴道分泌物,在2mL D-Hanks 缓冲液中振荡,以磷酸盐缓冲液做梯度稀释,分别涂布于哥伦比亚血琼脂、苯乙醇血琼脂、MRS琼脂和念珠菌选择琼脂板上并且在37℃,厌氧条件下培养24 ~ 48 h。记录单菌落形态、数量溶血性等信息,重新划线哥伦比亚血琼脂平板以得到纯化的菌落并进行生化和分子鉴定。
分子生物学方法鉴定(16SrDNA基因序列分析):对所分离纯化出的菌株进行16SrDNA的序列扩增、测序及分析,首先用接种环挑取菌体到含有50μL PrepMan Ultra Sample Preparation Reagent的离心管中,于Dry Block Heater中100℃裂解15 min后放入-20℃冷冻保藏作为DNA模板使用,然后通用引物对8F/926R扩增16SrDNA片段,其序列分别为SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5,其中R代表G或A,以50 μL的PCR反应体系加入各试剂,各试剂名称及体积分别为10×PCR Buffer 5μL、dNTP(10 mM)1μL、MgCl2 (50 mM) 0.5μL、Platinum Taq DNA Polymerase(5 U)0.2μL、Primer 8F (10 μM) 1μL、Primer 926R (10 μM) 1μL、模板(50 ng/μL)1μL、DNase/RNase-Free去离子水39.3μL,设置PCR反应条件依次为:94℃预变性2min、94℃变性1min、55℃退火1min、72℃延伸2min、72℃延伸10min,循环数30,进行PCR反应,所得PCR产物通过1%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳后以(PCR产物制备的上样液中已包含染色剂)紫外分析仪检测,并保存数据。
将鉴定为16SrDNA片段的PCR扩增产物使用切胶回收法对目的片段纯化后进行测序。将测得的16SrDNA基因序列使用NCBI中的BLAST工具与GenBank数据库中的已知序列进行比对分析,当比对同源性大于或等于98%则鉴定为同一物种。
实验结果及分析
阴道粘膜及分泌物一般观察:植入后每周观察一次,结果发现所有试验动物阴道粘膜分泌物未发现明显异常。
阴道分泌物pH值测定:在卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1植入后,大部分实验组动物阴道分泌物pH值明显低于对照组,且相对于植入前明显下降,pH值测定结果如表6所示。
表6 分泌物pH值测定结果
注:*标记部分表示动物出现月经
阴道分泌物清洁度:植入前后相比,对照组阴道杂菌数量明显增加,清洁度降低;而实验组在卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1植入后,阴道分泌物清洁度明显优于对照组,可见到数量不等的革兰氏阳性阴道杆菌,清洁度明显高于对照组。阴道分泌物清洁度判定结果如表7所示。
表7 阴道分泌物清洁度判定结果
注:*标记部分表示动物出现月经
恒河猴阴道微生物区系:16SrDNA片段经PCR扩增后的产物经1%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,结果显示绝大多数菌株成功扩增出1个条带,且绝大多数样品的16SrDNA扩增条带清晰,符合测序要求,部分菌株PCR扩增产物电泳如图12所示,Marker为DL2000,片段大小从大到小依次为2000 bp,1000 bp,750 bp,500 bp,250 bp,100 bp,分析可知16SrDNA片段大小约为950 bp。将测得的16SrDNA基因使用NCBI中的BLAST工具与GenBank数据库中的已知序列进行比对分析,将比对同源性大于或等于98%的鉴定为同一物种。
经过阴道菌群分析,从实验组全部3只动物阴道分泌物中均发现供试卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1,分离出的供试卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1的信息如图13所示。从图中可看出,受试动物阴道分泌物中均发现供试卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1,乳杆菌Lc262-1绝大多数在定植后第8天及以后时间出现,符合规律,且数量均在107个/棉签以上,定植效果非常显著。因此可以看出卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1在初始定植量为108个可成功定植于中华恒河猴阴道内。
四、对小鼠阴道白色念珠菌模型的影响
取清洁级雌性ICR小鼠,利用乳杆菌与白念珠菌在小鼠阴道内共生实验,观察本菌株Lc262-1抗白念珠菌的作用。动物造模后阴道灌注菌液和阴道用药达克宁栓剂,每日1次,共3天。观察结果:
(1)分别于造模后第5日、第10日取阴道灌洗液,做白念珠菌和卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1的菌落计数,见表8。
表8 各组灌洗液菌落计数结果 (×106cfu)
结论:三个实验组(白念珠菌+卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1,白念珠菌对照组,白念珠菌+达克宁栓剂组)白念珠菌载菌量的变化经方差分析,结果显示第一时间段(5d)白念珠菌+卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1组和白念珠菌对照组P>0.05,无统计学差异;白念珠菌+达克宁栓剂组与白念珠菌+卷曲乳杆菌组和白念珠菌对照组均P<0.05,有统计学差异,且白念珠菌+达克宁栓剂组与白念珠菌+卷曲乳杆菌组P=0.033,也存在统计学差异。而第二时段(10d)时,白念珠菌+卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1组与白念珠菌+达克宁栓剂组间就无统计学差异,提示该卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1起到了明显的抑制白色念珠菌的治疗效果。
(2)实验样本病理切片作过碘酸雪夫染色(PAS)观察白色念珠菌特染结果,见表9。
表9 各实验组实验动物白念珠菌阴道感染情况一览(只)
组织病理特染结果提示,白念珠菌+卷曲乳杆菌组与白念珠菌+达克宁栓剂组结果近似。本实验结果提示该卷曲乳杆菌可作为治疗白念珠菌阴道病的辅助手段。
实施例8、卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1冻干粉剂的制备、保存及冻干粉稳定性
将卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1在pH 6.0的改良MRS培养基中生长,使用1升规模的BioFlo 110发酵罐 (New Brunswick Scientific)发酵。在稳定期早期收集菌体,其活菌数达到1.0-1.5×109 CFU / ml,其活菌占总菌数> 90%。通过离心分离收集菌体,用磷酸缓冲液洗涤后,与冻干保护剂混合。然后,将混合物置于Virtis Advantage 冷冻干燥机中冷冻干燥。样品在-40℃下冷冻1-20小时,然后在-40℃下真空干燥2-60小时,再在25℃干燥10-40小时,即得到卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1冻干粉剂,放入干燥剂的铝箔袋分装,并存储在4℃。
对卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1冻干粉剂储存稳定性的考察:如上所述将所得到卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1冻干粉剂在4℃和室温(25℃)下储存,在第0、30 和180 天通过平板计数和cfu测定分别测定总菌数和活菌数。初始的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1每克干粉含有高达340亿活菌 (3.4 ×1010 cfu/g),在4℃下具有最佳的储存稳定性。4℃下储存6个月后,保留初始活菌数的70.6%,见表10。
表10 卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 冻干粉6个月稳定性试验结果
条件 | 总菌数/克干粉 | 活菌数/克干粉 | 活菌率/% |
0个月 | 8.5×1010 | 3.4×1010 | 40.0 |
1 个月, 4℃ | 8.4×1010 | 3.1×1010 | 36.9 |
1 个月, 室温 | 8.1×1010 | 1.8×1010 | 22.2 |
6 个月, 4℃ | 7.8×1010 | 2.4×1010 | 30.8 |
6 个月, 室温 | 4.0×1010 | 5.8×109 | 14.5 |
实施例9、卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1胶囊型菌剂的的制备,步骤如下:
(1)取-70℃冰冻液体卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1种子或原种,接种于30mL MRS液体培养基,5% CO2,37℃培养24 h;
(2)取(1)中适量菌液至500ml发酵培养液,5% CO2,37℃培养24 h;
(3)往50L发酵罐中加入适量发酵培养液,高压灭菌20min。
(4)接种菌液于发酵罐中的发酵培养液,控制起始菌液的浓度以OD600值在0.4左右,pH 6.0,37℃加适量氮气,发酵时间约8-10 h。
(5)将发酵产物离心收集,加入微生物冻干保护液,制成菌悬液,测定并调整菌浓度在1.0-1.5×109 CFU / ml。
(6)将上述菌悬液转移至冷冻干燥机的冷冻平板上,启动冷冻干燥机,真空干燥48小时,干燥结束后,粉碎,装填胶囊。
具体实施时,根据所要得到产品量相应的扩大或缩小培养规模即可。
实施例10、卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1液体型菌剂的的制备
步骤见实施例9(1)-(5),与实施例9不同的是在步骤(5)发酵完成后所得培养液出罐直接用塑料包装桶或包装瓶分装成液体剂型。
综合以上数据,可见卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469传代稳定,各代形态学、生化学、遗传特性、代谢物及药敏特性一致;能产生乳酸和过氧化氢,有助于维持阴道微生态平衡;无毒安全,生物相容性好;对阴道加德纳菌、阿托波菌、白色念珠菌及病原菌金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希氏菌、铜绿假单胞菌和沙门氏菌的具有良好的抑制效果;阴道定植能力强且定植后对阴道微环境如pH、清洁度等有良好的改善作用;明显抑制白色念珠菌,其治疗效果与达克宁栓剂近似,提示该卷曲乳杆菌可作为治疗白念珠菌阴道病的辅助手段;以菌株为活性成分制成的菌剂活菌率高,稳定性好,储存方便。
这些数据表明将卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469或其制成的菌剂添加到阴部用化妆品中、或者消毒品中,及添加在与阴道接触的相关产品如医疗器械的材料或包覆表层中,可发挥卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469改善及调节阴道微环境、抑制阴道致病菌的作用,同时生物相容性好、安全无毒,对女性阴部卫生及其护理具有重要作用,进一步在开发既能保证卫生、又对女性健康有益的产品中具有重大应用潜力。
Claims (9)
1.一种卷曲乳杆菌,其特征在于所述卷曲乳杆菌命名为卷曲乳杆菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)Lc262-1,在中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心的保藏编号为CGMCC No. 6469。
2.一种利用权利要求1所述的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469制成的菌剂,其特征在于所述菌剂活性成分为卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469。
3.根据权利要求2所述的菌剂,其特征在于所述菌剂形态为液态或固态或凝胶态。
4.如权利要求1所述的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469在妇科医疗器械中的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469在妇科医疗器械中的应用,其特征在于所述医疗器械包括阴道镜、妇科自检镜、阴道扩张器、窥阴器、妇科盆腔炎症治疗仪、妇科冲洗器或妇女外用抗菌器。
6.如权利要求1所述的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469在妇科消毒产品中的应用。
7.根据权利要求6所述的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469在妇科消毒产品中的应用,其特征在于所述消毒产品包括粘膜消毒液、粘膜消毒液膏、妇科消毒护垫、妇科消毒纸巾、妇女外用抗菌凝胶、妇女外用抗菌膏或妇科消毒剂。
8.如权利要求1所述的卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469在女性阴部用化妆品中的应用。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种卷曲乳杆菌Lc262-1 CGMCC No. 6469在女性阴部用化妆品中的应用,其特征在于所述化妆品包括女性阴部护理液、女性阴部护理霜、女性阴部护理膏、女性阴部护理膜或沐浴露。
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Denomination of invention: A curly lactobacillus and its application in women's health products Granted publication date: 20180706 Pledgee: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited Suzhou Industrial Park sub branch Pledgor: SUZHOU OUSAI WEIKE BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980032419 |