A kind of manufacture method of the ceramic thin plate with permeable formation
Technical field
The present invention relates to architectural pottery technical field, the manufacturer of more particularly, to a kind of ceramic thin plate with permeable formation
Method.
Background technology
In modern architecture repairs profession, with the raising of housing industrialization and living standards of the people, high-quality, multi-functional
The market share of green building productions will gradually expand, production development tends to diversification, personalization, fashion-orientation, ring health care
Kang Hua.For adapting to the requirement of today's society people, various Novel decoration materials arise at the historic moment, and each product is imitated from early stage ornamental decorative
Fruit increasingly tends to nature, elegance, tool personality elements to today.
Ceramic is various in style, pattern is abundant, good decorating effect, easily maintenance, and product pattern is naturally true to nature, is deeply consumed
Person favors.Due to economical, attractive in appearance, color is wide in variety and is widely adopted on decorative wall, cylinder for wherein large-sized ceramic tiles.And
Large-sized ceramic tiles, due to the thickness of thin of the feature of its own such as brick body, have certain elasticity, and it is little to keep flat deformation, can well
Be attached on polish line operating platform, thus ceramic thin plate present technical field of construction and decoration materials application also increasingly
Extensively, increasingly favored by consumer, particularly be there is the ceramic thin plate of light transmission, but had more in semi-transparency pottery
Glass phase, therefore toughness is poor, broken, and ceramic thin plate thickness is less than the thickness of general ceramic thin plate, generally
Thickness is not more than 6mm.
Ceramic ink jet printing technology is a kind of technology being widely used in ceramic thin plate production in recent years, and it will by shower nozzle
Ink printed in decorative means such as adobe face instead conventional screen stamp, roller printing, because it is that a kind of noncontact prints,
Male and fomale(M&F) product " can be printed " it is not necessary to plate-making in kind, it is simply rapid to turn version, can achieve personalized produce, produce reproducible,
Thus range is more and more wider.But its shortcoming is that the decorative layer printing is excessively shallow, meanwhile, rear wearability fired by ink
Poor, with the prolongation of use time, decorative effect can be made to have a greatly reduced quality, thus have and apply on the decorative layer after inkjet printing
Clear frit or cloth clear frit, with the technique protecting decorative layer decorative pattern.However, being clear frit or clear frit, in order that spray
Black decorative layer assumes more preferable decorative effect, is necessary for enhancing the transparency, but while transparency improves, wearability also can decline
(in order to increase transparency, in glaze, contain the cosolvent such as lead and zinc, it also makes glaze paint become while increasing glaze paint transparency more
Soft, not wear-resisting), thus or can not fundamentally solve the problems, such as to keep long-term decorative effect.
Application number cn201210331440.6 discloses one kind and oozes colored Imitation Rock Porcelain Tiles and its production method, is to ooze water miscible
Flower ink is printed upon drenching by way of inkjet printing on the starch adhesive on adobe surface although after infiltration, can produce certain
The decorative pattern of depth, but because starch adhesive moisture content is higher, cause the infiltration difficulty of the infiltration color glaze ink of aqueouss to increase, and due to brick
Base moisture evaporation also easily causes faulty nozzle to shower nozzle.Additionally, being easily formed using the glaze slip that bell jar drenches in adobe surface
The defect of edge projection, is unfavorable for the Difference Control after polishing.Additionally, worldwide aqueous infiltrating glaze ink is until current
Till and immature, be also applicable to far away on actual ink jet printer produce.
Thus when firing due to inconsistent with bottom base shrinkage factor and then can be deformed, raw green strength reduces, easily
Split brick.
Application number cn201110187245.6 discloses and a kind of be applied to the aqueous infiltrating glaze of inkjet printing and its be used for making pottery
The method that porcelain thin plate produces, is directly to be printed upon on base substrate aqueous infiltrating glaze by inkjet printing, then sprays water to help and ooze, and water etc. is existing
There is aqueouss permeation-promoter that blank strength can be made to reduce, especially for ceramic thin plate, its adobe thickness is less than 6.5mm, if help oozing use
Aqueouss permeation-promoter consumption is excessive, can cause blank deformation.But actually aqueous infiltrating glaze ink is up to the present and immature, also
It is applicable to far away produce on actual ink jet printer.
And using oozing ceramic thin plate prepared by colored mode in prior art, because of the pore producing during oozing flower, make thin
Plate is particularly easy to soil pick-up, and anti-pollution characteristic is poor, not easy to clean.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to it is not wear-resisting to print, by typical inkjet, the printed decor being formed in solution prior art
Damage, resistance to soiling proposes a kind of manufacture method of the ceramic thin plate with permeable formation the problems such as poor.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention employs the following technical solutions:
A kind of manufacture method of the ceramic thin plate with permeable formation, it comprises the steps:
A, the ceramic thin plate moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake of thickness≤6.5mm is sent in kiln, carry out burning till for the first time at 600-1050 DEG C;
Charity organic penetration glaze ink and organic permeation-promoter ink on b, the base substrate after first time burns till;
C, burnt till for the second time at 1150-1250 DEG C;
D, be polished, edging processing obtain ceramic thin plate product.
Carry out the first easy fired at 600-1050 DEG C in order to allow the pore in adobe fully to open (for example former
Organic substance in material) and permeated again after pore is opened, pore as diffusion admittance, can make the expansion of penetration glaze ink
Scattered effect can be strengthened, and reduce the consumption of organic inks, and diffusion can be made to be more uniformly distributed.
It is the liquid producing in the process in order to allow blank sintering in 1150-1250 DEG C of purpose burnt till for the second time
The pore producing first time easy fired of meeting is closed, and makes the anti-pollution characteristic of product more preferable.
Preferably, it is additionally included in the drying steps between step b and step c.
It is further preferred that the temperature of described drying is 50-200 DEG C, drying time is more than 10 minutes.Carry out secondary dry
Dry purpose is to allow the organic component in organic penetration glaze ink and organic permeation-promoter ink under relative smoothly speed
Evaporate, so that the inorganic color development ion diffusion in organic penetration glaze is fully spread simultaneously, save ink.If directly entering
Klining becomes, steep temperature rise in kiln, and the Organic substance in ink volatilizees rapidly, is likely to result in the defects such as blank deformation.
Preferably, described infiltration color glaze ink is the mixture of acylate and ester in stepb, and wherein acylate is
At least one in carboxyl acid group, sulfonate radical, sulfinate, thionothiolic acid root with the inorganic color development ion such as ferrum, cobalt, chromium, copper in
At least one composition salt, ester be long chain alkane, isooctyl acid methyl ester, pungent methyl caprate.Above-mentioned ester has and improves ink
Viscosity performance, the effect of promotion ink bleed.
It is further preferred that described acylate be in carboxyl acid group and the inorganic color development ion such as ferrum, cobalt, chromium, copper extremely
A kind of few salt of composition.
Preferably, described organic permeation-promoter ink in stepb is the mixture of organic acid and ester, and described organic acid is
At least one in carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfinic acid, thionothiolic acid, described ester is long chain alkane, isooctyl acid methyl ester, pungent methyl caprate
In at least one, above organic acid and ester are organic liquid material;The time of oozing preferably is helped to be 15-30 minute.There is machine aided
Penetration enhancer ink and organic penetration glaze ink are same system, make both have preferable intersolubility.Its infiltration can be promoted.
By measuring and calculating, when organic permeation-promoter ink is in 30 ± 10 grams/m2When, penetration depth is in 0.3-0.6mm;Work as permeation-promoter
Ink is in 50 ± 10 grams/m2When, penetration depth is in 0.5-0.8mm;When permeation-promoter ink is in 80 ± 20 grams/m2When, penetration depth exists
0.7-1.0mm.
Preferably, the moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake being used is made up of initial bed and precoat, is just being beaten or counter is beaten Strand Feeding Technique using known
Carry out cloth, for such product, preferably just break cloth.If using instead breaking cloth, be preferably dried base first throw plain again after base
Burn, ink-jet is permeated.Because, in fabric, horn of plenty decorative effect, wherein can contain some striped material, these striped powders lead to
Cross known Strand Feeding Technique (for example using feeler, patterned roller etc.) and texture can be formed in precoat, but these textures exist
Performance at adobe most surface unintelligible after punch forming, after throwing base and processing, can allow the representing of above clean mark
Out, abundant decorative effect.The product obtaining after so burning permeates decorative effect and the grain decorating effect of cloth formation is mutual
Merge, give product more rich representability.
The present invention passes through the ceramic thin plate being obtained using said method, and the permeable formation that penetration glaze ink is formed has certain thickness
Degree, and penetrate in precoat so that decorative pattern is wear-resistant, solve in prior art and formation is printed by typical inkjet
Printed decor do not have solid layer feeling and wear-resistant the problems such as.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned methods, the moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake in step a needs at 150-350 DEG C before carrying out burning till for the first time
It is dried at least 10 minutes.By this step process, can complete to burn till for the first time at 600-750 DEG C, and have in 850-
Carry out the effect (to save ink consumption for judging) burnt till for the first time at 1050 DEG C.Drying steps can utilize residual heat from kiln furnace,
By the way of being therefore dried before burn, reduction energy consumption can be allowed.
Using after low temperature first time biscuiting, then the mode of charity organic penetration glaze ink and organic permeation-promoter ink, can
Constituted the infiltration lane of ink with the pore allowing water of constitution in base substrate and Organic substance is formed, can be under less ink consumption
Obtain the good and deeper infiltration decorative layer of color development, and in base substrate high-temperature sintering process, the liquid phase of generation can be by first time low temperature
Burn till the pore closing of generation, make the anti-pollution characteristic of product more preferable.And because first time low-temperature sintering allows base substrate to have necessarily
Intensity, it is to avoid the impact to blank strength in the case of organic penetration glaze ink and organic permeation-promoter ink consumption are larger.
Specific embodiment
To further illustrate technical scheme below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of ceramic thin plate with permeable formation and its manufacture method.
The present invention provides a kind of ceramic thin plate with permeable formation, and it from bottom to top includes: initial bed and precoat.Described
Precoat includes the permeable formation that thickness is that 0.3~0.6mm organic liquid material is formed.The adobe of above structure, after sintering because
For permeable formation, there is certain thickness, can successfully carry out rubbing down process, and the decorative pattern that permeable formation is formed is also special
Wear-resisting.
Certainly, the solution of the present invention can also be adopted for the entire body product regardless of initial bed and precoat, using bed material
The mode that layer and precoat carry out double-layer cloth can obtain the decorative effect of more horn of plenty.
In the present embodiment, in above ceramic thin plate, described fabric layer surface has texture.Described texture is by industry
Known Strand Feeding Technique forms (such as magic cloth), can be the various stricture of vaginas such as wire, graininess, cloud shape, wood grain, bag
Reason.Because formed above texture have different with remaining position of green body layer so that permeation layer thickness also have corresponding poor
Different (different material penetration depth is different), reducing because polishing the loss causing further, meanwhile, also can enrich decorative effect.
Specifically, it is adopted and manufactures the ceramic thin plate with permeable formation with the following method,
Just beating Strand Feeding Technique twice using known, the use of add mass fraction on the basis of known fabric is being 0.1-2%
Titanium dioxide, 0.1-0.5% zinc oxide, 0.1-5% Zirconium orthosilicate., 0.5-5% help red dose, punch forming after cloth, form adobe.
Certainly, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that can only be arranged in pairs or groups using one or more in several assistant toners above, in reality
During border produces, the ink demand forming decorative effect as needed enters collocation process.Need exist for illustrating, help red dose of main one-tenth
It is divided into nano silicon, it is the same with other several components, all there is promotion ink color development effect, help the nanometer two in red dose
Silicon oxide can promote color red colour system color development in ink.Used in embodiments of the present invention helps red dose to be purchased from Mei Gao company.
After drying, adobe is sent in kiln and carries out first time easy fired, firing temperature is carried out according to body recipe component
Adjustment, in the present embodiment, selects 850-1050 degree Celsius and carries out first time easy fired by usually 600-1050 degree Celsius,
Firing time is 40-90 minute.After easy fired, the water of constitution in base substrate decomposes, organic component burning meeting shape in adobe
Become some pores, these pores will be the passage of follow-up infiltration, by using treatment thereto mode, osmotic effect is more preferable, and
And base substrate have some strength after first time low-temperature sintering, can avoid during follow-up ink bleed to blank strength
Impact.
Subsequently using resolution 400dpi of printer, nozzle bore, for 200pl, inkjet printing is blue, red, yellow, black successively
4 colors or indigo plant, red, yellow, red 3 colors (red ink-jet 2 times) organic solvent type penetration glaze ink.The ink ejection amount of mono ink is in 0-
50g/m2, to obtain the hair color effect of enough saturations.During inkjet printing, the temperature of base substrate is advisable between 45-55 degree Celsius.
The organic penetration glaze ink using is the mixture of acylate and ester, and wherein said acylate is carboxylic acid
In root, sulfonate radical, sulfinate, thionothiolic acid root at least one and inorganic color development ion such as ferrum, cobalt, chromium, copper at least one
Kind of the salt constituting, ester is long chain alkane, isooctyl acid methyl ester, at least one in pungent methyl caprate.The color of ink and color development
Intensity is related with consumption by the species of the inorganic color development ion wherein containing, and can be allocated according to specific needs, in this reality
Applying middle acylate is carboxyl hydrochlorate, the mixture that ester is long chain alkane and pungent methyl caprate is 1:2 by volume.
The color of ink can have multiple choices, and for example blue in the present embodiment, red, yellow being applied in combination can obtain
Abundant decorative effect, and then obtain full-color effect, black can adjust the gray scale of color, the species of used ink and consumption
Can carry out selecting collocation according to actual print pattern effect.
Reuse ink-jet printer in adobe surface inkjet printing 1-3 all over permeation-promoter ink, the total ink ejection amount of permeation-promoter ink
In 30 ± 10 grams/m2When, penetration depth, in 0.3-0.6mm, meets the soft requirement throwing technology controlling and process.
By test, when permeation-promoter ink is in 30 ± 10 grams/m2When, penetration depth is in 0.3-0.6mm;When permeation-promoter ink
In 50 ± 10 grams/m2When, penetration depth is in 0.5-0.8mm;When permeation-promoter ink is in 80 ± 20 grams/m2When, penetration depth is in 0.7-
1.0mm.When using, can penetration depth as needed to carry out setting the consumption of permeation-promoter ink, for example can increase
Ink ejection amount or using repeat inkjet printing by the way of.When penetration glaze ink and permeation-promoter ink consumption are more, can be formed deeper
Permeable formation, can reduce and cause the defect revealed the exact details because crossing to throw.
Permeation-promoter is contained it is preferable that selection in the present embodiment is had with infiltration color glaze ink identical in permeation-promoter ink
Machine solvent-borne type, so, both have more preferable intersolubility, penetration glaze ink can be promoted to permeate into base substrate, organic permeation-promoter
The component of ink is similar with organic penetration glaze ink, and all for the mixture of machine acid and ester, organic acid is carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, sub- sulphur
Acid, at least one in thionothiolic acid, described ester is long chain alkane, at least one in isooctyl acid methyl ester, pungent methyl caprate, is helping
Do not contain inorganic color development ion in penetration enhancer ink, so can ensure that two kinds of inks have good intersolubility, osmotic effect is good,
And be not in because the inconsistent colour cast causing of penetration depth or chromatic aberration defect.Permeation-promoter ink can be according to penetration depth
Need repeatedly to realize by duplicate printing.
In order to allow penetration glaze ink can infiltrate into desired depth in base substrate, need by inkjet printing infiltration color glaze ink and
Base substrate after permeation-promoter ink is placed at least 10 minutes.Base substrate standing time is 15-30 minute in the present embodiment, is sent out with obtaining
Color gradient is more stable, the greater concentration of adobe in color development region, after adobe completes infiltration, is preferably carried out again being dried, does
Dry temperature is 60-150 DEG C, and the time is 10-100 minute.Need exist for illustrating that the above process placed and be dried is not the present invention
The indispensable step of scheme.The purpose placed and be dried is to make infiltration ink bleed effect more preferably, and placing makes infiltration more fill
Point, and drying can promote the hole that ink is formed along first time low-temperature sintering in base substrate to be diffused, and obtain and more preferably decorate
Effect, and the organic component in used organic type ink so can also be made to volatilize, reduce its shadow to base substrate when burning till
Ring.
The ceramic thin plate moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake that above method is obtained, enters klining, and then through high-strength flexible polishing, (the throwing amount of cutting exists
In the range of 0.3-0.5mm) and chamfer machining after, you can obtain have infiltration decorative layer ceramic thin plate, the infiltration on brick body surface
Decorative layer has certain thickness, and is inside embedded adobe, has particularly preferred abrasion resistant effect.
In this embodiment, the kiln being used is roller kilns, and problem of burning till is 1150~1250 DEG C, and firing period is 50-
90 minutes.In actual applications, calcining system is to be adjusted according to kiln conditions and body recipe system, and this belongs to this area
Technician can obtain in limited number of time test, just no longer do and additionally repeat.The liquid phase that second high temperature sintering produces can be by the
The Minute pores of low-temperature sintering generation are blocked, and product has more preferable anti-fouling effect.
Comparative example 1
No specified otherwise, the raw material type used in comparative example, technological parameter is same as Example 1.
A kind of manufacture method of the ceramic thin plate with permeable formation, it comprises the steps:
Charity organic penetration glaze ink and organic permeation-promoter ink on a, ceramic thin plate moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake base substrate after the drying;
B, burnt till at 1150-1250 DEG C;
C, be polished, edging processing obtain ceramic thin plate product.
Organic penetration glaze ink that the present embodiment uses and organic permeation-promoter ink are same as Example 1, and difference is
The present embodiment does not pass through first time easy fired, therefore because the diffusion of penetration glaze ink is not very strong, so increasing
The consumption of organic inks (under obtaining identical coloring intensity and penetration depth, ink will increase the consumption of 20-30%), and
Do not spread uniformly, lead to prepared ceramic thin plate product not good in the decorative effect of pattern, and wearability is not fine,
The solid layer feeling of pattern is not apparent.In this comparative example, the breakage rate of adobe is also higher (high compared with embodiment 1
5-7%), this is because process of osmosis is larger to the intensity effect of moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake, when infiltration capacity is more, base substrate is understood deliquescing and is easily become
Shape crushes.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is with embodiment 1 difference: the inkjet printing of organic penetration glaze ink and organic permeation-promoter ink
Mode is different, is also dried after ink-jet.I.e. after the base substrate after inkjet printing is placed more than 10 minutes, take the photograph in 50-200
10-120 minute is dried under family name's degree, is chosen as 80 degrees Celsius of dryings 30 minutes in the present embodiment.In the prior art, generally will
Base substrate directly enters klining, and this is the penetrating agent for aqueouss, then should not adopt with upper type for organic penetrating agent.Because
In kiln sintering process, temperature drastically raises, the process of this steep temperature rise, makes the organic component penetrating in base substrate rapid
Gasification volatilization, is likely to result in blank deformation.Increase drying steps, can be to will be organic in base substrate under conditions of relatively gentle
Component is quickly discharged, and in the process, the coloring ion in ink fully spreads as well as in base substrate.
Additionally, in the present embodiment, organic penetration glaze ink is by the way of duplicate printing, and organic permeation-promoter ink is then
Substitute inkjet printing by the way of spraying.Certainly the more simple mode such as roll printing, silk screen printing carries out permeation-promoter ink
Water inkjet printing, above mode all can reach same effect.But from process control, especially for formation specific pattern
Case, inkjet printing is still the mode of first-selected charity penetration glaze ink and permeation-promoter ink.
Embodiment 3
By the agency of in content of the invention, in order to obtain the infiltration ink-jet products of surface matt effect, basic as embodiment
1, institute's difference is, in embodiment 1 semi-finished product after firing, changes the fast mesh number group of soft rubbing down by known technology
Close, reach sub- light product in the range of 5-30 degree for the glossiness.Sub- light product has more high-grade decorative effect, can give
The more preferable added value of product.And the product of matt effect, because its polishing tolerance is less, can avoid occur because crossing throwing to reveal the exact details
Phenomenon.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, in order that the ceramic thin plate of molding has super flat effect, in the present embodiment, press upper mold core
Using minute surface punching block or super flat ebonite film, lower mold core adopts isostatic pressed fish stricture of vagina or reticulate pattern mould, obtains adobe surfacing, internal cause
Even density, thus effectively reduce the production difficulty of flexible polishing.Powder is divided into bed material and fabric, and fabric is by plurality of raw materials group
Become, wherein have formed decoration texture lines material.Final products wave transformation after soft throwing entirely is less, basically reaches " pure flat "
Polishing effect.Remaining technique is essentially identical with embodiment, additionally, being 0.1- also being added with mass percent in fabric
2% titanium dioxide, 0.1-0.5% zinc oxide, 0.1-5% Zirconium orthosilicate., 0.5-5% help red dose of helper component, by above group
The use dividing, makes the chromophoe constituent in ink have more preferable hair color effect.
Embodiment 5
Substantially the same manner as Example 2, institute's difference is in the present embodiment, there is Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct on moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake surface,
This Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct is formed using when having Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct mould punching molding, so final product also have for
Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct, makes product have more three-dimensional decorative effect.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 5, and institute's difference is, before twice firing, is first formed on brick face
One layer of decoration protective layer, decoration protective layer passes through charity 30-60 purpose translucent decoration dry granular and constitutes, and is formed after burning on brick face
The material of one layer of glassy state, the pore closure that infiltration is produced, make product antifouling property more preferably, simultaneously also more resistant.Certainly this
Layer decoration protective layer can also be obtained by way of glazing or charity clear frit.
Embodiment 7
Basic such as embodiment 1, institute's difference is before ceramic thin plate moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake being carried out burn till for the first time, first it is carried out
Dried, baking temperature is 250 degrees Celsius, 15 minutes drying times.After drying, carry out under 600-750 degree Celsius
Once-firing, can reach and not be dried in the 850-1050 degree Celsius of effect burnt till.Identical with embodiment 1 consumption in ink
In the case of, there is identical color development and osmotic effect.The heat energy being dried can utilize residual heat from kiln furnace, the energy of therefore whole technique
Consumption has declined.
Describe the know-why of the present invention above in association with specific embodiment.These descriptions are intended merely to explain the present invention's
Principle, and limiting the scope of the invention can not be construed to by any way.Based on explanation herein, the technology of this area
Personnel do not need to pay other specific embodiments that performing creative labour can associate the present invention, and these modes fall within
Within protection scope of the present invention.