CN104585106A - Method for regulating micro-ecology of shrimp culture pond by utilizing photobioreactor - Google Patents
Method for regulating micro-ecology of shrimp culture pond by utilizing photobioreactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104585106A CN104585106A CN201510072333.XA CN201510072333A CN104585106A CN 104585106 A CN104585106 A CN 104585106A CN 201510072333 A CN201510072333 A CN 201510072333A CN 104585106 A CN104585106 A CN 104585106A
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- algae
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- photosynthetic bacteria
- prawn
- prawn culturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for regulating micro-ecology of a shrimp culture pond by utilizing a photobioreactor. The columnar photobioreactor is utilized for culturing beneficial microalgae and photosynthetic bacteria on site, and the beneficial microalgae and the photosynthetic bacteria cultured by the photobioreactor are regularly added into the culture pond according to breeding seasons and pond water quality situations. The method has the advantages that the micro-ecology of the shrimp culture pond can be efficiently and directionally regulated and controlled; the photobioreactor has automatic detection and control functions and is high in algal and bacterial culture density and efficiency and low in cost; the cultured beneficial microalgae and photosynthetic bacteria can be directly used without being transported and stored, cell viability is good, and the regulation and control efficiency of the micro-ecology of the pond is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture technical field, specifically, is a kind of method utilizing bioreactor to regulate prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem.
Background technology
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low original producton location is America, introduces China from July, 1988 by the Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from the U.S., has nowadays become China's cultivation widest in area, the shrimp culture kind that cultured output is maximum.But along with the increase of cultured area and cultivation density, in prawn culturing pond, water environment aggravates, pathogen grows, prawn communicable disease and stress disease become increasingly conspicuous, and pond culture prawn often occurs that fulminant is dead, and the economic loss caused is very heavy.Virus and the Vibrios such as Vibrio harveyi, vibrio alginolyticus such as existing research shows, causes the cause of disease mainly white spot syndrome virus of cultured prawn mortality, Hepatopancreatic necrosis virus.Above-mentioned cause of disease can detect on the water body and multiple aquatic animals and plants in China's main prawn culturing region.From body communicable disease occur the analysis of causes, outbreak of disease be between environment, cause of disease and body three normal benign balance relation be destroyed caused by.When effectively isolating cause of disease, the breeding environment providing prawn good prevents the pathogenetic Critical policies of disease.Water body is the environment of prawn existence.Whether the Tiny ecosystem of breeding water body and water quality and prawn disease are broken out closely related.Custom has, and " breed fish (shrimp) first supports water " is said.Shrimp pool Tiny ecosystem forms and biomass decision primarily of the kind of phytoplankton and microorganism.Useful micro-algae in water body has to regulate generally improves water quality, promotes that water body forms stable algae-bacterium microecosystem, suppresses the function such as to grow of pathogenic bacteria, but different micro-algae kinds and biomass, also different to the effect of water quality, microecosystem and germ.Prawn culturing produce in namely after the breaking out and often appear at water body algae phase (composition of the microorganisms such as micro-algae and quantity, also micro-ecological environment) great change of disease.Therefore, build and keep prawn culturing pond water body benign eco-environment to be the important measures preventing prawn generation contagiosity or stress disease from occurring.But, in the water body of natural cultivating pool, along with the increase of pollutant in seasonal law and breeding water body, in water body also can there is nature replacement in micro-algae usually, and the result substituted often harmful micro-algae such as blue-green algae occupy sociales, thus the optimum micro-ecological environment of harm water body, finally inevitably cause cultured prawn sick.Existing research finds, have algae slightly have strong to Water phosphorus absorbing capacity, the pathogens such as vibrios are had to strong antagonism, form sociales after be not easy to be substituted, own metabolism product is nontoxic and can provide nutritional supplementation by food chain to cultured prawn to cultured prawn, as the kind that chlorella Chlorella, grid algae Scenedesmus, egg capsule algae Oocystis, Chlorococcum Chlorococcum, Chaetoceros Chaetoceros and little ring algae Cyclotella etc. belong to, be usually considered to the useful micro-algae in prawn culturing pond.And the kind that red pseudomonas Rhodopseudomonas in photosynthetic bacteria and red spirillum Rhodospirillum belongs to, be proved have strong to the organic substance decomposing ability such as residual bait, ight soil in bed mud and water body, can purify water, supplement prawn nutrition, to pathogens such as vibrios, there is strong antagonism, photosynthetic bacteria product is widely used in water quality and the microorganism composition of cultivating pool in breeding production.But no matter be useful algae or photosynthetic bacteria, its prerequisite playing microecological regulation and control effect is its cell must be live.
At present, the method that the regulation and control of producing the micro-algae kind in the Prawn pool and quantity mainly adopt traditional fertilization combination to change water regulates and controls, and such regulation and control are with uncertain and blindness, and constructed micro-algae population may not be certain to be exactly required useful micro-algae sometimes.And the relation that the commercial photosynthetic bacteria product used is preserved because of production and transport, the photosynthetic bacteria order of magnitude bacterium vigor in product also has lability, thus affects practical effect.
But adopt the useful micro-algae of bioreactor in-situ batch culture and photosynthetic bacteria, and the useful micro-algae cultivated and photosynthetic bacteria are introduced prawn culturing pond, probe into the situation of prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem, at home and abroad have not been reported.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for deficiency of the prior art, a kind of method utilizing bioreactor to regulate prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem is provided.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of method utilizing bioreactor to regulate prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem, column bioreactor is utilized to cultivate useful micro-algae and photosynthetic bacteria at the scene, and according to cultivation season and pond water quality situation, in cultivating pool, regularly add useful micro-algae and the photosynthetic bacteria of bioreactor cultivation.
Bioreactor is cultivated useful micro-algae and is added useful micro-algae to pond mainly in the early stage of prawn culturing, put in a suitable place to breed in rear 1 first quarter moon to shrimp seedling after pond disinfection water inlet, every 3-5 days adds 1 useful micro-algae, each useful micro-algae addition is 2-5 liter/mu, suitably adjusts depending on pond water colour and transparency.
Bioreactor is cultivated photosynthetic bacteria and is added photosynthetic bacteria to pond mainly in the middle and later periods of prawn culturing, after shrimp seedling puts 1 first quarter moon in a suitable place to breed, every 5-7 days adds 1 photosynthetic bacteria, and each photosynthetic bacteria addition is 1-2 liter/mu, suitably adjusts depending on pond prawn density, bait throwing in material and water quality situation.
The column bioreactor main body used is transparent acrylic cylindrical shell.
Described useful micro-algae is chlorella, grid algae, egg capsule algae, Chlorococcum, Chaetoceros and little ring algae.
Described photosynthetic bacteria is red pseudomonas and red spirillum.
Add before and after useful micro-algae and photosynthetic bacteria in prawn culturing pond, do not use the disinfectant that Operand and available chlorine are composition.
The invention has the advantages that: 1, can efficiently, the Tiny ecosystem in directed regulation and control prawn culturing pond, bioreactor is with automatic detection and control function, density and the efficiency of cultivating algae and bacterium are high, cost is low, useful micro-algae of cultivating and photosynthetic bacteria just directly use without the need to transport and storage, cell viability is good, and the efficiency of regulation and control pond Tiny ecosystem is high; 2, useful micro-algae that the present invention is used have strong to Water phosphorus absorbing capacity, the pathogens such as vibrios are had to strong antagonism, form sociales after be not easy to be substituted, own metabolism product is nontoxic and can be supplemented the nutrients to cultured prawn by food chain to cultured prawn; 3, photosynthetic bacteria used have strong to the organic substance decomposing ability such as residual bait, ight soil in bed mud and water body, to pathogens such as vibrios, there is strong antagonism.Application the present invention can safeguard the optimum microecological balance of shrimp pool water body, effectively prevents the outburst of contagious disease in prawn culturing process, improves prawn culturing output.
Embodiment
A kind of method utilizing bioreactor to regulate prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem of the present invention, column bioreactor is utilized to cultivate the beneficial microbes such as useful micro-algae and photosynthetic bacteria at the scene, and according to cultivation season and pond water quality situation, in prawn culturing pond, regularly add the beneficial microbes such as useful micro-algae that bioreactor cultivates and photosynthetic bacteria, thus directed regulation and control pond Tiny ecosystem.Reach directed regulation and control pond Tiny ecosystem, improvement pond water quality, keeps the object of cultured prawn healthy growth.Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Within 2014, utilize a kind of method utilizing bioreactor to regulate prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem of the present invention, carry out shrimp pool microecological regulation and control in the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low cultivation base of Qingpu District aquatic products Specialty Co-operative Organization.Pond, 3 mouthfuls, base and prawn put growth of cereal crop seedlings condition as following table.
| Pond | 1# | 2# | 3# |
| Area (mu) | 7.5 | 10 | 7 |
| Put the seedling time | 2014-6-3 | 2014-6-4 | 2014-6-3 |
| Put seedling quantity (ten thousand tails/mu) | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
Be equipped with 2 bioreactors, before July 15, utilize bioreactor to cultivate chlorella and grid algae, every 3-5 days adds 1 chlorella and grid algae, and each chlorella and grid algae addition are 2-5 liter/mu, suitably adjust depending on pond water colour and transparency.After July 15, utilize bioreactor to cultivate every 5-7 days and add 1 red pseudomonas and red spirillum, each red pseudomonas and red spirillum addition are 1-2 liter/mu, suitably adjust depending on pond prawn density, bait throwing in material and water quality situation.After shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, pond whole process does not use the disinfectant that Operand and available chlorine are composition.Other control measures such as the bait throwing in prawn culturing process, oxygenation adopt Routine Management method.
Use of the present invention a kind of utilize bioreactor to regulate the method for prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem after, prawn pool water quality keeps good, and algae is consistent and regulates and controls to expect, communicable disease does not occur in breeding process, prawn harvest is good, and each pond prawn output and the algae phase composition of the shrimp pool see the following form.
| Pond | 1# | 2# | 3# |
| Area (mu) | 7.5 | 10 | 7 |
| Put the seedling time | 2014-6-3 | 2014-6-4 | 2014-6-3 |
| Put seedling quantity (ten thousand tails/mu) | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| Adopt the time of catching first | 2014-7-30 | 2014-7-31 | 2014-7-29 |
| The micro-algae of water body advantage during cultivation | Chlorella, grid algae | Chlorella, grid algae | Chlorella, grid algae |
| Ultimate output (pound/acre) | 815 | 792 | 810 |
It should be noted that: described bioreactor main body is transparent acrylic cylindrical shell, automatic cycle can be realized stir and inflation, have and automatically control and regulate temperature and light photograph function (with applicant patent of invention CN200810041416.2, a kind of high-efficiency photobioreactor cultivating photosynthetic bacteria is prototype), there is culture density and efficiency is high, toxigenic capacity is low, easy and simple to handle, be applicable to the features such as raiser's use; Described chlorella, Scenedesmus are in useful micro-algae, and its useful micro-algae also comprises egg capsule algae, Chlorococcum, Chaetoceros and little ring algae etc.; Described red pseudomonas and red spirillum are photosynthetic bacteria.
Embodiment 2
Within 2014, utilize a kind of method utilizing bioreactor to regulate prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem of the present invention, carry out shrimp pool microecological regulation and control in the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low cultivation base of Qingpu District aquatic products Specialty Co-operative Organization.Pond, 3 mouthfuls, base and prawn put growth of cereal crop seedlings condition as following table.
| Pond | 1# | 2# | 3# |
| Area (mu) | 8 | 9 | 7 |
| Put the seedling time | 2014-6-15 | 2014-6-15 | 2014-6-15 |
| Put seedling quantity (ten thousand tails/mu) | 8 | 8 | 8 |
Be equipped with 2 bioreactors, before August 1, utilize bioreactor to cultivate egg capsule algae and Chlorococcum, every 3-5 days adds 1 egg capsule algae and Chlorococcum, each egg capsule algae and Chlorococcum addition are 2-5 liter/mu, suitably adjust depending on pond water colour and transparency.After August 1, utilize bioreactor to cultivate every 5-7 days and add 1 red pseudomonas and red spirillum, each red pseudomonas and red spirillum addition are 1-2 liter/mu, suitably adjust depending on pond prawn density, bait throwing in material and water quality situation.After shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, pond whole process does not use the disinfectant that Operand and available chlorine are composition.Other control measures such as the bait throwing in prawn culturing process, oxygenation adopt Routine Management method.
Use of the present invention a kind of utilize bioreactor to regulate the method for prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem after, prawn pool water quality keeps good, and algae is consistent and regulates and controls to expect, communicable disease does not occur in breeding process, prawn harvest is good, and each pond prawn output and the algae phase composition of the shrimp pool see the following form.
| Pond | 1# | 2# | 3# |
| Area (mu) | 8 | 9 | 7 |
| Put the seedling time | 2014-6-15 | 2014-6-15 | 2014-6-15 |
| Put seedling quantity (ten thousand tails/mu) | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Adopt the time of catching first | 2014-8-30 | 2014-8-30 | 2014-8-29 |
| The micro-algae of water body advantage during cultivation | Egg capsule algae, Chlorococcum | Egg capsule algae, Chlorococcum | Egg capsule algae, Chlorococcum |
| Ultimate output (pound/acre) | 831 | 784 | 803 |
Embodiment 3
Within 2014, utilize a kind of method utilizing bioreactor to regulate prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem of the present invention, carry out shrimp pool microecological regulation and control at the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low cultivation base booth cultivating pool of Qingpu District aquatic products Specialty Co-operative Organization.Pond, 3 mouthfuls, base and prawn put growth of cereal crop seedlings condition as following table.
| Pond | 1# | 2# | 3# |
| Area (mu) | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.7 |
| Put the seedling time | 2014-8-3 | 2014-8-3 | 2014-8-3 |
| Put seedling quantity (ten thousand tails/mu) | 7 | 7 | 7 |
Be equipped with 2 bioreactors, before September 15, utilize bioreactor to cultivate Chaetoceros and little ring algae, every 3-5 days adds 1 Chaetoceros and little ring algae, each Chaetoceros and little ring algae addition are 2-5 liter/mu, suitably adjust depending on pond water colour and transparency.After September 15, utilize bioreactor to cultivate every 5-7 days and add 1 red pseudomonas and red spirillum, each red pseudomonas and red spirillum addition are 1-2 liter/mu, suitably adjust depending on pond prawn density, bait throwing in material and water quality situation.After shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, pond whole process does not use the disinfectant that Operand and available chlorine are composition.Other control measures such as the bait throwing in prawn culturing process, oxygenation adopt Routine Management method.
Use of the present invention a kind of utilize bioreactor to regulate the method for prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem after, prawn pool water quality keeps good, and algae is consistent and regulates and controls to expect, communicable disease does not occur in breeding process, prawn harvest is good, and each pond prawn output and the algae phase composition of the shrimp pool see the following form.
| Pond | 1# | 2# | 3# |
| Area (mu) | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.7 |
| Put the seedling time | 2014-8-3 | 2014-8-3 | 2014-8-3 |
| Put seedling quantity (ten thousand tails/mu) | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Adopt the time of catching first | 2014-10-15 | 2014-10-16 | 2014-10-15 |
| The micro-algae of water body advantage during cultivation | Chaetoceros, little ring algae | Chaetoceros, little ring algae | Chaetoceros, little ring algae |
| Ultimate output (pound/acre) | 810 | 767 | 793 |
A kind of method utilizing bioreactor to regulate prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem of the present invention, useful micro-algae used can efficiently, the Tiny ecosystem in directed regulation and control prawn culturing pond, bioreactor is with automatic detection and control function, density and the efficiency of cultivating useful micro-algae and photosynthetic bacteria are high, cost is low, the algae cultivated and bacterium just directly use without the need to transport and storage, and cell viability is good, and the efficiency of regulation and control pond Tiny ecosystem is high.The present invention useful micro-algae used have strong to Water phosphorus absorbing capacity, the pathogens such as vibrios are had to strong antagonism, form sociales after be not easy to be substituted, own metabolism product is nontoxic and can be supplemented the nutrients to cultured prawn by food chain to cultured prawn.Photosynthetic bacteria used have strong to the organic substance decomposing ability such as residual bait, ight soil in bed mud and water body, to pathogens such as vibrios, there is strong antagonism.Application the present invention can safeguard the optimum microecological balance of shrimp pool water body, effectively prevents the outburst of contagious disease in prawn culturing process, improves prawn culturing output.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the inventive method; can also make some improvement and supplement, these improve and supplement and also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the method utilizing bioreactor to regulate prawn culturing pond Tiny ecosystem, it is characterized in that, column bioreactor is utilized to cultivate useful micro-algae and photosynthetic bacteria at the scene, and according to cultivation season and pond water quality situation, in cultivating pool, regularly add useful micro-algae and the photosynthetic bacteria of bioreactor cultivation.
2. the method for adjustment prawn culturing pond according to claim 1 Tiny ecosystem, it is characterized in that, bioreactor is cultivated useful micro-algae and is added useful micro-algae to pond mainly in the early stage of prawn culturing, put in a suitable place to breed in rear 1 first quarter moon to shrimp seedling after pond disinfection water inlet, every 3-5 days adds 1 useful micro-algae, each useful micro-algae addition is 2-5 liter/mu, suitably adjusts depending on pond water colour and transparency.
3. the method for adjustment prawn culturing pond according to claim 1 Tiny ecosystem, it is characterized in that, bioreactor is cultivated photosynthetic bacteria and is added photosynthetic bacteria to pond mainly in the middle and later periods of prawn culturing, after shrimp seedling puts 1 first quarter moon in a suitable place to breed, every 5-7 days adds 1 photosynthetic bacteria, each photosynthetic bacteria addition is 1-2 liter/mu, suitably adjusts depending on pond prawn density, bait throwing in material and water quality situation.
4. the method for adjustment prawn culturing pond according to claim 1 Tiny ecosystem, is characterized in that, the column bioreactor main body used is transparent acrylic cylindrical shell.
5. the method for adjustment prawn culturing pond according to claim 1 Tiny ecosystem, is characterized in that, described useful micro-algae is chlorella, grid algae, egg capsule algae, Chlorococcum, Chaetoceros and little ring algae.
6. the method for adjustment prawn culturing pond according to claim 1 Tiny ecosystem, is characterized in that, described photosynthetic bacteria is red pseudomonas and red spirillum.
7. the method for adjustment prawn culturing pond according to claim 1 Tiny ecosystem, is characterized in that, add before and after useful micro-algae and photosynthetic bacteria in prawn culturing pond, do not use the disinfectant that Operand and available chlorine are composition.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105961303A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 山东大学 | Fish-bacterium-algae-symbiotic ecological breeding system and running method thereof |
| CN107047429A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-18 | 黎清华 | VHD industrializes pond ecological breeding system and its regulation and control method |
| CN107581121A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-16 | 寿县绿园特种水产生态养殖加工有限责任公司 | A kind of prawn culturing method using ozone combination microbial technique |
| CN109336263A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-02-15 | 江苏世邦生物工程科技有限公司 | Microorganism water conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN112273218A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-29 | 湛江腾飞实业有限公司 | Method for indoor culture of composite algae by using nutrient salts |
-
2015
- 2015-02-11 CN CN201510072333.XA patent/CN104585106A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105961303A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 山东大学 | Fish-bacterium-algae-symbiotic ecological breeding system and running method thereof |
| CN105961303B (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2019-02-12 | 山东大学 | A kind of ecological cultivation system and its operation method of fish-bacterium-algae symbiosis |
| CN107047429A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-18 | 黎清华 | VHD industrializes pond ecological breeding system and its regulation and control method |
| CN107581121A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-16 | 寿县绿园特种水产生态养殖加工有限责任公司 | A kind of prawn culturing method using ozone combination microbial technique |
| CN109336263A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-02-15 | 江苏世邦生物工程科技有限公司 | Microorganism water conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN112273218A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-29 | 湛江腾飞实业有限公司 | Method for indoor culture of composite algae by using nutrient salts |
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