CN103651201B - A kind of method of preventing and treating prawn ' s virus evil raising prawn culturing output - Google Patents

A kind of method of preventing and treating prawn ' s virus evil raising prawn culturing output Download PDF

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CN103651201B
CN103651201B CN201310653464.8A CN201310653464A CN103651201B CN 103651201 B CN103651201 B CN 103651201B CN 201310653464 A CN201310653464 A CN 201310653464A CN 103651201 B CN103651201 B CN 103651201B
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prawn
pond
water
feed
cultivation
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CN103651201A (en
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蒋伟添
吕明
吴远琼
杨春永
蒋子铺
李美衡
蒋子源
蒋海婕
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BEIHAI CITY HAICHENG DISTRICT JINHAIAN FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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BEIHAI CITY HAICHENG DISTRICT JINHAIAN FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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Abstract

The invention discloses the method that control prawn ' s virus evil improves prawn culturing output, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: pond disinfection process, the cultivation of natural bait, mixed breed, fertilising and pond water quality management, the present invention by dissolved oxygen continue significantly improve, can be rapid, ammonia nitrogen in degradation water effectively, hydrogen sulphide, the harmful substances such as nitrite, microbial atp bacterium maintains pond ecological environment, guarantee cultivate water environmental protection, rationally to throw something and feed livitin, repetitious stimulation prawn body, improve the antiviral antibacterial ability of liver pancreas, thus significantly improve the ability of the overall antiviral antibacterial invasion of body, promote the development of culture fishery, peasant can be driven to build up the family fortunes, improve Ecological Environment.

Description

A kind of method of preventing and treating prawn ' s virus evil raising prawn culturing output
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, particularly relate to a kind of method of preventing and treating prawn ' s virus evil raising prawn culturing output.
Background technology
Prawn culturing is the pillar industry of China's mariculture, from China's cultured prawn in 1993 because infecting white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) since there is extensive explosive disease, shrimp culture industry is subject to destructive strike, same situation also almost appears at the countries and regions of other prawn culturings simultaneously, and the decline of prawn culturing industry directly will affect expanding economy.The domestic generation for containment shrimp disease and popular new way, new technology and the new model of providing, but still there is following problem:
One is disease: especially viral prevalence is sick, the survival and development of serious puzzlement China shrimp culture industry.
Two is environment: mainly industrial wastewater and sanitary sewage cause water quality deterioration, directly threatens the survival and development of mariculture industry.
Three is bait: misapply in foster shrimp and abuse various antibiotic, disinfectant, adding that food quality is not high, poor at water stability, causes residual bait many and causes organic contamination cultivate water.
Summary of the invention
For solving Problems existing in existing aquaculture industry prawn culturing method, the invention provides a kind of method of preventing and treating prawn ' s virus evil raising prawn culturing output, comprising following steps:
1) pond disinfection process: to splash full pond with killing paddy ester or chlorophos, after 3-4 hour, remove the dirt in pond, water inlet did not just have at the bottom of pond, add quicklime, allow pond insolation one week in the sun, to splash again camellia oleosa seed cake, Yikang dew disinfectant within three days, is used again to sterilize afterwards, repeatedly sterilize, the all shell-fish thoroughly removed in pond are first guaranteed in clear pond, they take viruliferous important sources, also may to hide a large amount of eliminating fish parasites, remove the organic matter in the pool as far as possible, they can consume a large amount of oxygen, harm cultivation, too much organic matter also can adsorb harmful germ, guarantee the trash fish that removing pond may exist,
2) cultivation of natural bait: water filling enters pond, the depth of water is allowed to reach 120-150cm, be the biology training water king of 2-3 by components by weight percent, the ATP bacterium of 0.5-1, the fertilizer of gained after the fermentation of 12-15 hour is carried out with the mixing of the water of 5-8, according to throwing in once every other day, connect the mode of putting secondary and throw in fertilizer cultivation water colour, adopt this kind of batching and input mode thereof can cultivate the water colour of yellowish-brown or peak green, and there is the zooplankton that quantity is various, after cultivating natural bait, in order to abundant bait can be maintained more muchly, prawn shrimp seed rearing mainly relates to food natural bait in earlier stage, and we topdress according to the transparency of water, transparency is made to remain on 40 cm, the prawn shrimp seedling of cultivation input in early stage mainly preys on natural bait, survival rate is high,
3) mixed breed: after the water colour in pond is cultivated, in pond, prawn is dropped into according to the cultivation density of 8-10 ten thousand tails/mu, black porgy and the prawn of within 15-20 days, dropping into 30-35 ten thousand tails/mu afterwards carry out mixed breed, the weak are the prey of the strong, black porgy has certain aggressiveness, raise together with prawn, the survival of the fittest, shrimp seedling can also improve the meat of prawn while adopting the pattern of mixed breed can improve the growth rate of prawn after growing up slightly;
4) apply fertilizer: the livitin of per kilogram aquatic feeds 3-5g, first livitin is dissolved, evenly mix on feed, left at room temperature 1-2 hour, mix parcel adhesive again, throw something and feed, prawn is that the low crust that waits is biological, there is no intact immune system, directly can not produce antibody, and produce immune response, but prawn has immune organ equally, as crust, liver pancreas etc., the feed of livitin is mixed with by throwing something and feeding, repetitious stimulation prawn body, improve the antiviral antibacterial ability of liver pancreas, thus the ability of the overall antiviral antibacterial invasion of the prawn of significantly improving body, improve the output of prawn culturing,
5) pond water quality management: use polymeric oxygen to manage pond water quality.
Preferably, described control prawn ' s virus evil improves the method for prawn culturing output, it is characterized in that, kill paddy ester or the chlorophos that used dilute according to the ratio of 0.2-0.4mg/L and water, select this ratio to remove the beetle in pond and parasite type, do not have simultaneously the toxin remains get off impact after prawn throw seedling.
Preferably, described control prawn ' s virus evil improves the method for prawn culturing output, and it is characterized in that, described ATP bacterium is spore bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, protease, amylase, dextran enzyme one wherein.
Preferably, described control prawn ' s virus evil improves the method for prawn culturing output, it is characterized in that, step 5) in pond water quality management in, polymeric oxygen main component is chemical industry polymeric oxygen >=12%, surface reactive material >=3%, deionized water 70%, the use of polymeric oxygen, can by dissolved oxygen continue significantly improve, can rapidly, the harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide, nitrite in degradation water effectively, thus reach the object that water quality is taken good care of in nursing.
Preferably, control prawn ' s virus evil in described improves the method for prawn culturing output, it is characterized in that, described step 4) the fertile process of throwing in allow shrimp seedling freely prey on the natural bait cultivating out during shrimp seed rearing before unmixed black porgy, throw something and feed for 4 times by natural gift after being mixed into black porgy, the amount of throwing something and feeding respectively is 20-25%, 15-20%, 40-50%, 25-30%, the cultivation time is two months, after two months, throw something and feed every day three 20-25%, 50-60%, 20-25%, breeding process is except quantitatively regularly throwing something and feeding except livitin feed according to above requirement, timely observation is ingested situation, according to Changes in weather, fishes and shrimps active situation carries out feed increase and decrease, also irregularly mix and feed vitamin, the nutriments such as bile acid.Can prevent the illnesss such as prawn liver and gall constriction disease on the one hand, another aspect is nutritious short long effect also, improves the growth rate of fishes and shrimps.
Beneficial effect of the present invention, 1, solve disease problem: livitin is dissolved, evenly mix on feed, left at room temperature 1-2 hour, mix parcel adhesive again, to throw something and feed the feed of mixed yolk globulin, prawn is that the low crust that waits is biological, there is no intact immune system, directly can not produce antibody, and produce immune response, but prawn has immune organ equally, as crust, liver pancreas etc., the feed of livitin is mixed with by throwing something and feeding, repetitious stimulation prawn body, improve the antiviral antibacterial ability of liver pancreas, thus the ability of the overall antiviral antibacterial invasion of the prawn of significantly improving body, reduce the illness rate of prawn, improve the output of prawn culturing, 2, environmental problem: adopt and kill paddy ester or chlorophos, quicklime, camellia oleosa seed cake and Yikang dew repeated disinfection, being to allow the clean and safe guaranteeing pond water quality, breeding fish and first supporting water, maintaining high-quality water quality, ensure that cultivated fishes and shrimps green, environmental protection, delicious food.Use the maintenance management of polymeric oxygen water quality, can reach following object: (1), fish, shrimp raise the nose above water to breathe to swim the pool, water quality mutation and rainy weather use, and eliminate hypoxic conditions rapidly, can greatly increase at the bottom of pond and Dissolved Oxygen in Water, prevent shrimp from the vexed pool occurring because of anoxic and steal dead; (2), eliminate, alleviate stress reaction and the intoxicating phenomenon of fishes and shrimps: effectively eliminate the stress reaction because a variety of causes causes and anoxic, intoxicating phenomenon, obvious booster action is played to prevention and therapy various diseases, can be aquaculture organism and create a pleasant ecological environment; (3), the harmful substance such as degraded water body Central Asia nitric acid, ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, eliminate the smelly phenomenon in bottom in aging pond.By maintaining the dynamic equilibrium of dissolved oxygen in water body, can the noxious material such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite in long-acting continuous degradation water.Whole process is safeguarded in water colour process and is not used chemical product, environmental protection.3, bait problem: biological training water king is made according to scientific technology by materials such as organic-biological element, humic acid, active bio bacterium, be rich in the plankton such as multiple organic acid, inorganic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, violent, iron, zinc grow needed for various trophic factors.There is the features such as nutrient is comprehensive, rich water is rapid, fertilizer efficiency is lasting.Abundant unicellular alga, plankton and beneficial microbe population can be cultivated rapidly, biological training water king is utilized to prepare natural bait with after microbial atp bacterium and water mixed culture fermentation in the present invention, adopt this kind of batching and input mode thereof can cultivate the water colour of yellowish-brown or peak green, and there is the zooplankton that quantity is various, after cultivating natural bait, the solid shell rate of prawn culturing is high, and survival rate is high.Technical method provided by the invention simply can promote the development of culture fishery, peasant can be driven to build up the family fortunes, improve Ecological Environment.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
1) pond disinfection process: kill paddy ester and dilute according to the ratio of 0.2mg/L and water, to splash full pond, after 3 hours, the beetle in pond and parasite type are removed, water inlet did not just have at the bottom of pond, add quicklime, allow pond insolation one week in the sun then camellia oleosa seed cake of splashing, within three days, use Yikang dew disinfectant again to sterilize afterwards;
2) cultivation of natural bait: water filling enters pond, the depth of water is allowed to reach 120cm, be the biology training water king of 2 by components by weight percent, the ATP bacterium of 0.5 and 5 water mixing carry out the fertilizer of gained after the fermentation of 12 hours, according to throwing in once every other day, connecting the mode of putting secondary and throwing in fertilizer and cultivate water colour;
3) mixed breed: after the water colour in pond is cultivated, in pond, prawn is dropped into according to the cultivation density of 80,000 tails/mu, black porgy and the prawn of within 15 days, dropping into 300,000 tails/mu afterwards carry out mixed breed, the weak are the prey of the strong, black porgy has certain aggressiveness, raise together with prawn, the survival of the fittest, shrimp seedling can also improve the meat of prawn while adopting the pattern of mixed breed can improve the growth rate of prawn after growing up slightly;
4) apply fertilizer: the livitin of per kilogram aquatic feeds 3g, first livitin is dissolved, evenly mix on feed, left at room temperature 1 hour, mix parcel adhesive again, throw something and feed, shrimp seedling is allowed freely to prey on the natural bait cultivating out before unmixed black porgy during shrimp seed rearing, throw something and feed for 4 times by natural gift after being mixed into black porgy, the amount of throwing something and feeding respectively is 20%, 15%, 40%, 25%, the cultivation time is two months, after two months, throw something and feed every day three times 20%, 60%, 20%, prawn is that the low crust that waits is biological, there is no intact immune system, directly can not produce antibody, and produce immune response, but prawn has immune organ equally, as crust, liver pancreas etc., the feed of livitin is mixed with by throwing something and feeding, repetitious stimulation prawn body, improve the antiviral antibacterial ability of liver pancreas, thus the ability of the overall antiviral antibacterial invasion of the prawn of significantly improving body, improve the output of prawn culturing.
5) pond water quality management: use polymeric oxygen to manage pond water quality, polymeric oxygen main component is chemical industry polymeric oxygen 12%, surface reactive material >=3%, deionized water 70%.
Adopt this kind of batching and input mode thereof can cultivate the water colour of yellowish-brown or peak green, and there is the zooplankton that quantity is various, after cultivating natural bait, in order to abundant bait can be maintained more muchly, prawn shrimp seed rearing mainly relates to food natural bait in earlier stage, and we topdress according to the transparency of water, transparency is made to remain on 40 cm, the prawn shrimp seedling of cultivation input in early stage mainly preys on natural bait, irregularly mix and feed the nutriment such as vitamin, bile acid, the illness rate of prawn reduces 12%, survival rate 90%.
Embodiment 2
1) pond disinfection process: kill paddy ester and dilute according to the ratio of 0.4mg/L and water, to splash full pond, after 4 hours, the beetle in pond and parasite type are removed, water inlet did not just have at the bottom of pond, add quicklime, allow pond insolation one week in the sun then camellia oleosa seed cake of splashing, within three days, use Yikang dew disinfectant again to sterilize afterwards;
2) cultivation of natural bait: water filling enters pond, the depth of water is allowed to reach 150cm, be the biology training water king of 3 by components by weight percent, the ATP bacterium of 0.5 and 8 water mixing carry out the fertilizer of gained after the fermentation of 15 hours, according to throwing in once every other day, connecting the mode of putting secondary and throwing in fertilizer and cultivate water colour;
3) mixed breed: after the water colour in pond is cultivated, in pond, prawn is dropped into according to the cultivation density of 100,000 tails/mu, black porgy and the prawn of within 15 days, dropping into 300,000 tails/mu afterwards carry out mixed breed, the weak are the prey of the strong, black porgy has certain aggressiveness, raise together with prawn, the survival of the fittest, shrimp seedling can also improve the meat of prawn while adopting the pattern of mixed breed can improve the growth rate of prawn after growing up slightly;
4) apply fertilizer: the livitin of per kilogram aquatic feeds 5g, first livitin is dissolved, evenly mix on feed, left at room temperature 2 hours, mix parcel adhesive again, throw something and feed, shrimp seedling is allowed freely to prey on the natural bait cultivating out before unmixed black porgy during shrimp seed rearing, throw something and feed for 4 times by natural gift after being mixed into black porgy, the amount of throwing something and feeding respectively is 25%, 15%, 40%, 20%, the cultivation time is two months, after two months, throw something and feed every day three times 25%, 50%, 25%, prawn is that the low crust that waits is biological, there is no intact immune system, directly can not produce antibody, and produce immune response, but prawn has immune organ equally, as crust, liver pancreas etc., the feed of livitin is mixed with by throwing something and feeding, repetitious stimulation prawn body, improve the antiviral antibacterial ability of liver pancreas, thus the ability of the overall antiviral antibacterial invasion of the prawn of significantly improving body, improve the output of prawn culturing.
5) pond water quality management: use polymeric oxygen to manage pond water quality, polymeric oxygen main component is chemical industry polymeric oxygen >=12%, surface reactive material >=3%, deionized water 70%.
Adopt this kind of batching and input mode thereof can cultivate the water colour of yellowish-brown or peak green, and there is the zooplankton that quantity is various, after cultivating natural bait, in order to abundant bait can be maintained more muchly, prawn shrimp seed rearing mainly relates to food natural bait in earlier stage, and we topdress according to the transparency of water, make transparency remain on 40 cm, and the prawn shrimp seedling of cultivation input in early stage mainly preys on natural bait, the illness rate of prawn reduces 8%, survival rate 82%.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the embodiment described.

Claims (5)

1. prevent and treat the method that prawn ' s virus evil improves prawn culturing output, it is characterized in that, mainly comprise the following steps:
1) pond disinfection process: to splash full pond with killing paddy ester or chlorophos, after 3-4 hour, removing the dirt in pond, water inlet did not just have at the bottom of pond, added quicklime, allowed pond insolation one week in the sun, to splash again tea seed cake, within three days, use Yikang dew disinfectant again to sterilize afterwards;
2) cultivation of natural bait: water filling enters pond, the depth of water is allowed to reach 120-150cm, be the biology training water king of 2-3 by components by weight percent, the water mixing of the ATP bacterium of 0.5-1 and 5-8 carries out the fertilizer of gained after the fermentation of 12-15 hour, according to throwing in once every other day, connecting the mode of putting secondary and throwing in fertilizer cultivation water colour;
3) mixed breed: after being cultivated by the water colour in pond, drop into prawn according to the cultivation density of 8-10 ten thousand tails/mu in pond, black porgy and the prawn of within 15-20 days, dropping into 30-35 ten thousand tails/mu afterwards carry out mixed breed;
4) apply fertilizer: the livitin of per kilogram aquatic feeds 3-5g, first livitin is dissolved, evenly mix on feed, left at room temperature 1-2 hour, then mix parcel adhesive;
5) pond water quality management: use polymeric oxygen to manage pond water quality.
2. control prawn ' s virus according to claim 1 evil improves the method for prawn culturing output, it is characterized in that, kill paddy ester or the chlorophos that use dilute according to the ratio of 0.2-0.4mg/L and water.
3. control prawn ' s virus evil according to claim 1 improves the method for prawn culturing output, and it is characterized in that, described ATP bacterium is spore bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, protease, amylase, dextran enzyme one wherein.
4. control prawn ' s virus evil according to claim 1 improves the method for prawn culturing output, it is characterized in that, step 5) in pond water quality management in, polymeric oxygen main component is chemical industry polymeric oxygen >=12%, surface reactive material >=3%, deionized water 70%.
5. according to claim 1 in control prawn ' s virus evil improve the method for prawn culturing output, it is characterized in that, allow shrimp seedling freely prey on the natural bait cultivating out before unmixed black porgy during shrimp seed rearing, throw something and feed for 4 times by natural gift after being mixed into black porgy, the amount of throwing something and feeding respectively is 20-25%, 15-20%, 40-50%, 25-30%, the cultivation time is two months, after two months, throw something and feed every day three times, the amount of throwing something and feeding respectively is 20-25%, 50-60%, 20-25%.
CN201310653464.8A 2013-12-05 2013-12-05 A kind of method of preventing and treating prawn ' s virus evil raising prawn culturing output Expired - Fee Related CN103651201B (en)

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CN112514832A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-03-19 广东海洋大学 Method for preventing and treating fish diseases by utilizing Chinese herbal medicines cultured on water surface of pond in soilless mode

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