CN104885977A - High-density culture method for litopenaeus stylirostris - Google Patents

High-density culture method for litopenaeus stylirostris Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104885977A
CN104885977A CN201510283378.1A CN201510283378A CN104885977A CN 104885977 A CN104885977 A CN 104885977A CN 201510283378 A CN201510283378 A CN 201510283378A CN 104885977 A CN104885977 A CN 104885977A
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water
pond
feeding
putting
days
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黄全
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a high-density culture method for litopenaeus stylirostris. The high-density culture method comprises following steps: 1, selecting each pond having sand content, 3 to 10 mu in an area and 1.8 to 2.5m in water depth, equipped with water-feeding and water-drainage facilities in absence of pollution, 2, cleaning and disinfecting the pond prior to free culture; 3, selecting and freely culturing stylirostris seeds, particularly selecting strong, non-injurious and virus-free seeds; 4, feeding seeds with feedstuff in accordance with three phases including feeding in small amount at an early phase, feeding artificial compound feed every day at a medium phase of cultivation and feeding fresh baits at a late phase of cultivation; 5, preventing and curing diseases and splashing lime water regularly; 6, performing daily management such as regular monitoring physical, chemical factors and biological factors of water in the culture pond and bottom material and paying attention to regular water-drainage and water-renewing. By taking the above culture method, high-density artificial feeding in the finite pond and high-quality litopenaeus stylirostris is cultured so that the requirement of the market is satisfied.

Description

Southern anchorage foundation high-density breeding method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high density pond breeding method of southern anchorage foundation, belong to technical field of agricultural breeding.
Background technology
Southern anchorage foundation (Litopenaeus stylirostris) belongs to Arthropoda, Crustachia, Decapoda, swimming suborder, Penaeidae, Penaeus, shore prawn subgenus, is eurysalinity torrid zone shrimp species, originates in Hispanic pacific rim.In original producton location, the whole year all can cultivate, and many raises together with white shrimp, and have that fast growth, bait cost are low, wide, the resistance to LDO of thermophilic salt tolerant scope, resistance against diseases by force, dressing percentage advantages of higher.Along with improving constantly and the acquisition of SPF shrimp seedling of southern anchorage foundation raising technology, propagate artificially and be progressively promoted, China started to introduce and cultivate with promoting after 2000, and obtained artificial breeding and cultivate successfully, had now become another new cultivation shrimp species of China.Along with the raising of people's living standard, the demand of market to southern anchorage foundation is increasing, corresponding cultivation scale is also come greatly, the expansion of cultivation scale is not only to expand cultivating pool area, also be to increase cultivation density, highdensity cultivation causes the generation of series of problems, and the shrimp that most importantly dies of illness is increased, and potential risk increases.
Summary of the invention
Yield poorly to overcome the general cultural method of southern anchorage foundation, high-density breeding method is died of illness the problem that shrimp is many, potential risk is large, the invention provides a kind of high-density breeding method of southern anchorage foundation, meets the demand in market.
The technical scheme that southern anchorage foundation high-density breeding method is taked is undertaken by step below:
One, the selection in pond, each pond area 3 ~ 10 mu, the depth of water 1.8 ~ 2.5 m, requires that substrate has certain silt content, has into pumping equipment and pollution-free; Two, to pond clear pond sterilization, thoroughly removes mud at the bottom of pond, tan by the sun rear every mu of use 150 kg quicklime and evenly splash in pond, enter a small amount of water logging and wash 2 ~ 5 days, then draining to shine pond before putting in a suitable place to breed; Three, cultivate bait, putting seedling first 5 days, adopt fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer, install to be immersed in water with sack and cultivate basic food organisms; Four, the selecting and putting in a suitable place to breed of shrimp seedling, selects that body is strengthened, not damaged, virus-free shrimp seedling, and when putting Miao Jintang, pond water temperature is more than 19 DEG C, puts seedling and wants evenly; Five, feedstuff feeding, forming early stage can throw something and feed on a small quantity, forms artifical compound feed of will throwing something and feeding every day in mid-term, forms the later stage and can to throw something and feed some fresh foods; Six, disease control, limewash of regularly splashing, concentration rests in 10 ~ 15kg/ mu, and general interval uses the microorganism formulations such as photosynthetic bacteria once in 20 days; Seven, daily management, regularly monitor every physical and chemical factor of culturing pool Chi Shui and substrate, biotic factor, monitoring comprises water Inversion phenomenon, pH value, dissolved oxygen amount, water clarity, water bacteria containing amount etc., also notices that regularly row changes water.
Southern anchorage foundation the most suitable growth water temperature is 20 ~ 28 DEG C, ingests abnormal for 10 DEG C, does not substantially ingest for 8 DEG C.It is unfavorable to its growth when water temperature is more than 32 DEG C.Belong to eurysalinity prawn, fresh water also can grow, and optimal salinity scope is 5 ‰ ~ 25 ‰.PH value optimum range is 7.6 ~ 8.6.Dissolved Oxygen in Water requires to be greater than 4 mg/L, must not lower than 2 mg/L.Ammonia nitrogen is at 0.2 below mg/L, and hydrogen sulphide is lower than 0.1 mg/L.Transparency 30 ~ 60 cm.Once, before and after the monthly junior one, 15, prawn can a large amount of shell, within 60 ~ 80 days, reaches commercial specification in cultivation juvenile prawn shell in 4 ~ 6 days in early stage.Southern anchorage foundation belongs to Omnivore, and to forage protein content requirement, comparatively japonicus, Penaeus monodon are low, and like cluster activity, daytime, evening all ingest.Southern anchorage foundation has stronger resistance against diseases, as long as prophylactic measures is proper, completely likely safety is spent.But when environment also can not infect generation disease in good time, disease control still will be adhered to relying mainly on prevention, the principle that control combines is rigid in checking up from links.Regularly splash limewash, concentration rests in 10 ~ 15kg/ mu, and general interval uses the microorganism formulations such as photosynthetic bacterias once in 20 days.In feed of being everlasting, the preparations such as Vc, VE, allicin are added to strengthen the premunition of shrimp seedling when throwing something and feeding.Regulating and controlling water quality is focused in whole management, and in cultivation, the later stage accomplishes normal water filling, duty changes water, many oxygenation especially.Southern anchorage foundation has stronger resistivity to viral disease; The cause of disease mainly bacteriological infection of bacteriosis, particularly vibrio infection is more general, and methods for the treatment of is generally change environmental condition, disinfectant for external use, antibiotic, antibiotic etc. for oral administration.Nutritive disease symptom main manifestations poor growth, soft shell, its Etiological is nutritional imbalance or environment drastic change.Methods for the treatment of finds out scarce oligotrophic reason, throwing something and feeding of strengthening high-quality feed.In addition, also may there are protozoan disease, algae poisoning disease, environmental disease etc., active prevention should be accomplished, Timeliness coverage, deal carefully with.
The beneficial effect of southern anchorage foundation high-density breeding method is: southern anchorage foundation high-density breeding method is by the management of the cultivation of the selection of cultivating pool, bait, the selection of shrimp seedling, throw something and feed management, the sterilizing disease prevention of feed, highdensity artificial feeding can be carried out in limited pond, cultivate out high-quality southern anchorage foundation, solve the demand in market.
Embodiment
Southern anchorage foundation high-density breeding method implements to cultivate by step below.
One, the selection in pond, pond area about 10 mu, the depth of water 1.8 ~ 2.5 m, requires that substrate has certain silt content, and it is convenient and pollution-free to enter draining.Average 4 mu of waters surface configure the aerator of a 1kW.
Two, clear pond sterilization, first requires thoroughly to remove mud at the bottom of pond, tan by the sun rear every mu of use 150 kg quicklime and evenly splash in pond, enter a small amount of water logging and wash 2 ~ 5 days, then pond is shone in draining.Before putting seedling 20 ~ 30 days 0.8 ~ 1.0 m of intaking, with 0.5 ~ 1ppm disinfection by chlorine dioxide.Water inlet answers 80 order mesh sheet to encase, in case trash fish shrimp ovum enters pond.
three,the selecting and putting in a suitable place to breed of shrimp seedling, selects that body is strengthened, not damaged, virus-free shrimp seedling guarantee to cultivate successful key, and untested shrimp seedling is sure not blindly to put in a suitable place to breed.Lower pool shrimp seedling body length will have 0.6 ~ 0.8 cm, and in nursery pond desalination to salinity about 0.5 ‰, when entering the pool, pond water temperature is more than 19 DEG C.Southern anchorage foundation is thrown in 10,000 ~ 1.5 ten thousand tail seedlings with every mu and is advisable.When putting seedling, the temperature difference can not, more than 5 DEG C, preferably control within 2 DEG C; Salinity difference can not be greater than 5 ‰, should also be noted that seed wants single step of releasing foot in addition, puts seedling and want evenly.
Four, cultivate bait, after thoroughly cleaning up the pond, within first 5 days, cultivate basic food organisms putting seedling.Fertilizer can adopt fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer, and fertilizer can select the chicken manure of fermentation maturity, installs be immersed in water with sack, every mu of 30 ~ 50 kg; Inorganic fertilizer can select nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, and consumption is respectively: urea 2 kg/ mu, and superphosphate 3 kg/ mu, looks fertile the degree of Chi Shui, weather condition two days later, imposes second time.After 7 ~ 10 days, water is yellow green or dark brown, water transparence 30 ~ 40cm.Fertilizing amount will be grasped flexibly according to the girth of a garment of bottom material of pond for breeding.At present, adopt the bio-fertilizers such as training water is precious, rich water is plain to carry out rich water, effect is also fine.
Five, feedstuff feeding, forming early stage can throw something and feed on a small quantity, forms artifical compound feed of will throwing something and feeding every day in mid-term, forms the later stage and can to throw something and feed some fresh foods.
Six, disease control, limewash of regularly splashing, concentration rests in 10 ~ 15kg/ mu, and general interval uses the microorganism formulations such as photosynthetic bacteria once in 20 days.
Seven, daily management, become phase planted agent regularly to monitor every physical and chemical factor of culturing pool Chi Shui and substrate, biotic factor, changing index faster should monitor every day.Between mature stage, conventional water quality monitoring standard is optimum water temperature 24 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C, and gradual change scope 15 DEG C ~ 34 DEG C also can grow; Salinity 5 ‰ ~ 50 ‰; PH value 7.3 ~ 8.6; Dissolved oxygen is not less than 5 mg/L; Ammoniacal nitrogen 0.2 below mg/L; Transparency 30 cm ~ 40 cm.Form early stage (before long 6 cm of body) will new water be added in time according to the change of water colour and biomass and topdress, to keep the density of foundation bait biology.Generally only add water, do not change water, add 5 ~ 10 cm at every turn, add to normal water level gradually, be generally 1.5 ~ 2m; , along with water temperature rising, feeding volume increase, in water, organic matter increases, and phytoplankton breeding is vigorous, and the zooplankton that some prawns can not ingest, protozoa take this opportunity to spread unchecked, and seriously consumes dissolved oxygen in pond to form mid-term (long 6 cm ~ 10 cm of body).Now should change water in time and drive aerator.The biology of organic debris of ingesting on a small quantity can be thrown in culturing pool, as the and brevis clam of bivalve shellfish, blue clam, razor clam etc. of hanging, and feeding habits are gentle, take plankton as the small fishes of food, as crucian, mullet, grey mullet etc., to reach the object improving water quality; Form the later stage (body long 10 more than cm), this in stage prawn be in fast growing period, water quality management difficulty is larger.One is to strengthen quantity of exchanged water; Two is will start aerator continuously; Three is in pond, throw in the effective microorganism preparations such as photosynthetic bacteria 2 ~ 5 ppm or bacillus every two weeks, comes at the bottom of clarifier-tank, improvement water quality.

Claims (1)

1. southern anchorage foundation high-density breeding method, is mainly undertaken by step below: one, the selection in pond, each pond area 3 ~ 10 mu, the depth of water 1.8 ~ 2.5 m, requires that substrate has certain silt content, has into pumping equipment and pollution-free; Two, to pond clear pond sterilization, thoroughly removes mud at the bottom of pond, tan by the sun rear every mu of use 150 kg quicklime and evenly splash in pond, enter a small amount of water logging and wash 2 ~ 5 days, then draining to shine pond before putting in a suitable place to breed; Three, cultivate bait, putting seedling first 5 days, adopt fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer, install to be immersed in water with sack and cultivate basic food organisms; Four, the selecting and putting in a suitable place to breed of shrimp seedling, selects that body is strengthened, not damaged, virus-free shrimp seedling, and when putting Miao Jintang, pond water temperature is more than 19 DEG C, puts seedling and wants evenly; Five, feedstuff feeding, forming early stage can throw something and feed on a small quantity, forms artifical compound feed of will throwing something and feeding every day in mid-term, forms the later stage and can to throw something and feed some fresh foods; Six, disease control, limewash of regularly splashing, concentration rests in 10 ~ 15kg/ mu, and general interval uses the microorganism formulations such as photosynthetic bacteria once in 20 days; Seven, daily management, regularly monitor every physical and chemical factor of culturing pool Chi Shui and substrate, biotic factor, monitoring comprises water Inversion phenomenon, pH value, dissolved oxygen amount, water clarity, water bacteria containing amount etc., also notices that regularly row changes water.
CN201510283378.1A 2015-05-29 2015-05-29 High-density culture method for litopenaeus stylirostris Pending CN104885977A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105210953A (en) * 2015-10-29 2016-01-06 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 The high-yield cultivation method of shrimp
CN106577421A (en) * 2016-11-16 2017-04-26 防城港市鑫润养殖有限公司 Multi-crop greenhouse sea shrimp farming method
CN106797903A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-06-06 梁远雄 A kind of method to set up in prawn culturing pond
CN107616124A (en) * 2017-09-22 2018-01-23 广西南宁胜祺安科技开发有限公司 A kind of cultural method for improving Australia freshwater lobster survival rate

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1508272A1 (en) * 2003-08-21 2005-02-23 Ronald Osinga Bioreactor system for the cultivation of aquatic organisms
CN101720686A (en) * 2009-12-07 2010-06-09 浙江省水产技术推广总站 Pond polyculture method of Chinese fresh-water turtle Japanese strain and Litopenaeus vannamei Boone
CN104304126A (en) * 2014-10-29 2015-01-28 惠州市海洋与渔业科学技术研究中心 Method for preventing and curing fish diseases by soilless Chinese-herbal-medicine culture on water surface of pond

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1508272A1 (en) * 2003-08-21 2005-02-23 Ronald Osinga Bioreactor system for the cultivation of aquatic organisms
CN101720686A (en) * 2009-12-07 2010-06-09 浙江省水产技术推广总站 Pond polyculture method of Chinese fresh-water turtle Japanese strain and Litopenaeus vannamei Boone
CN104304126A (en) * 2014-10-29 2015-01-28 惠州市海洋与渔业科学技术研究中心 Method for preventing and curing fish diseases by soilless Chinese-herbal-medicine culture on water surface of pond

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105210953A (en) * 2015-10-29 2016-01-06 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 The high-yield cultivation method of shrimp
CN106577421A (en) * 2016-11-16 2017-04-26 防城港市鑫润养殖有限公司 Multi-crop greenhouse sea shrimp farming method
CN106797903A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-06-06 梁远雄 A kind of method to set up in prawn culturing pond
CN107616124A (en) * 2017-09-22 2018-01-23 广西南宁胜祺安科技开发有限公司 A kind of cultural method for improving Australia freshwater lobster survival rate

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Application publication date: 20150909