CN104549511A - 触媒系统及以此触媒系统制备环碳酸酯的方法 - Google Patents
触媒系统及以此触媒系统制备环碳酸酯的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104549511A CN104549511A CN201310654464.XA CN201310654464A CN104549511A CN 104549511 A CN104549511 A CN 104549511A CN 201310654464 A CN201310654464 A CN 201310654464A CN 104549511 A CN104549511 A CN 104549511A
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- Prior art keywords
- oac
- catalyst system
- system capable
- cyclic carbonate
- chloride
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 title abstract 2
- -1 transition metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 48
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- NHGXDBSUJJNIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC NHGXDBSUJJNIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003668 acetyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)O[*] 0.000 claims description 5
- DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- YQMXOIAIYXXXEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-ol Chemical compound C1C(O)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 YQMXOIAIYXXXEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylphosphine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- RUPBZQFQVRMKDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M Didecyldimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCC RUPBZQFQVRMKDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- OJIYIVCMRYCWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Domiphen bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCOC1=CC=CC=C1 OJIYIVCMRYCWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M N,N,N-Trimethylmethanaminium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)C OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- MMCPOSDMTGQNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N anilinium chloride Chemical compound Cl.NC1=CC=CC=C1 MMCPOSDMTGQNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001574 benzoxonium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000800 cetrimonium bromide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002788 cetrimonium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001927 cetylpyridinium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetylpyridinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- MNQDKWZEUULFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M dithiazanine iodide Chemical compound [I-].S1C2=CC=CC=C2[N+](CC)=C1C=CC=CC=C1N(CC)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 MNQDKWZEUULFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950005765 dithiazanine iodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PXGPLTODNUVGFL-JZFBHDEDSA-N prostaglandin F2beta Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O PXGPLTODNUVGFL-JZFBHDEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- WBWDWFZTSDZAIG-UHFFFAOYSA-M thonzonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].N=1C=CC=NC=1N(CC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)CC1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 WBWDWFZTSDZAIG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940051002 thonzonium bromide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphane oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VUQPJRPDRDVQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorooctadecane Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCl VUQPJRPDRDVQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- SGXVTRUKGXCZQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Br[Br-]Br.CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC Chemical compound Br[Br-]Br.CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC SGXVTRUKGXCZQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WNFDFOPVGKYQOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)(C)C1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(C)(C)C)P(O)(O)O Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)C1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(C)(C)C)P(O)(O)O WNFDFOPVGKYQOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JBCSOBKDUKAJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ClO.NC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound ClO.NC1=CC=CC=C1 JBCSOBKDUKAJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UZIQYAYUUNMDMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.[Br+] Chemical compound N.[Br+] UZIQYAYUUNMDMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical group BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004664 distearyldimethylammonium chloride (DHTDMAC) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VCAFTIGPOYBOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical class OP(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 VCAFTIGPOYBOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ANCWWFAROKLXRF-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;iodate Chemical compound [O-]I(=O)=O.CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC ANCWWFAROKLXRF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical group II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UJNZOIKQAUQOCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(diphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 UJNZOIKQAUQOCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical group CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 31
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 27
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 12
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940011182 cobalt acetate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- SHKUUQIDMUMQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)butoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCCCCOCC1CO1 SHKUUQIDMUMQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MECNWXGGNCJFQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-piperidin-1-ylpropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)CN1CCCCC1 MECNWXGGNCJFQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- KHSLHYAUZSPBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHSLHYAUZSPBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940073464 benzododecinium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BZRRQSJJPUGBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) bromide Chemical compound Br[Co]Br BZRRQSJJPUGBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006352 cycloaddition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- OOHAUGDGCWURIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dipentylpentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN(CCCCC)CCCCC OOHAUGDGCWURIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVKFSMBPRQBNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4,4-diphenylbutan-2-yl-ethyl-dimethylazanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CC(C)[N+](C)(C)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 UVKFSMBPRQBNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC2OC2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020852 Hypertonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- FXQJFHYFOGHZTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M carbethopendecinium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([N+](C)(C)C)C(=O)OCC FXQJFHYFOGHZTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)OC(O)=O ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004670 didecyldimethylammonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001859 domiphen bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002493 emepronium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DXCSBPNCZRYVDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxyphosphinous acid Chemical compound OPOC1=CC=CC=C1 DXCSBPNCZRYVDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- HZXJVDYQRYYYOR-UHFFFAOYSA-K scandium(iii) trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Sc+3].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F HZXJVDYQRYYYOR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940057981 stearalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M stearalkonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SFLXUZPXEWWQNH-UHFFFAOYSA-K tetrabutylazanium;tribromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].[Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC SFLXUZPXEWWQNH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UQFSVBXCNGCBBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium iodide Chemical compound [I-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC UQFSVBXCNGCBBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QBVXKDJEZKEASM-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraoctylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC QBVXKDJEZKEASM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings
- C07D317/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D317/34—Oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/16—Aliphatic-aromatic or araliphatic polycarbonates
- C08G64/1608—Aliphatic-aromatic or araliphatic polycarbonates saturated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种触媒系统及以此触媒系统制备环碳酸酯的方法。其中触媒系统包括含有卤基、醋酸基或其组合的过渡金属盐、以及有机膦配位基。所述有机膦配位基与所述过渡金属盐的摩尔比在大于0至50之间。
Description
技术领域
本发明是有关于一种制备环碳酸酯的方法,且特别是有关于一种触媒系统及以此触媒系统制备环碳酸酯的方法。
背景技术
在树脂产业中,具有环碳酸酯官能基的树脂可应用于非异氰酸酯的聚胺酯树脂(NIPU)的合成,该合成方法可避免使用毒性较高的异氰酸酯类化合物。因为异氰酸酯单体在工业中是利用光气进行生产,不论是制造原料及成品均是高毒性的化学品,因此不需使用异氰酸酯的聚胺酯材料为日益受到重视的绿色材料。非异氰酸酯原料因为不具备湿气敏感的异氰酸酯官能基,因而在储存与施工条件也优于传统聚胺酯。
上述非异氰酸酯材料的关键原料为环碳酸酯类化合物,该化合物可利用二氧化碳与环氧化合物进行制备,合成方式可由路易斯碱(Lewsi base)、离子液体、金属错合物、异相金属盐类、氧化硅承载型触媒、氧化金属盐类孔洞材料乃至于离子交换树脂为触媒系统,使二氧化碳与环氧化合物进行催化反应。上述触媒当中以盐类或离子液体触媒较为常见,但上述触媒系统往往因为触媒对于环氧化合物溶解度差,导致触媒用量提高之外,反应条件也变得高温高压以满足转化率,而使得副产物产生。或是需通过特别设计合成配位基或是使用贵金属离子制备触媒,而使得工业化生产不易,因而增加生产成本与回收触媒的必要性。上述原因提高了环碳酸酯的制造技术门坎,使得非异氰酸酯树脂无法有效地提升产能。
因此,开发新一代触媒系统,具备高反应活性、可在温和条件下制备、工艺简易、不需从成品中回收并且符合成本效益的触媒系统,是环碳酸酯类化合物制备技术亟需解决的课题。
发明内容
本发明提供一种触媒系统,包括过渡金属盐与有机膦配位基,其中过渡金属盐含有卤基、醋酸基或其组合。所述有机膦配位基与所述过渡金属盐的摩尔比在大于0至50之间。
本发明还提供了一种环碳酸酯的制造方法,则是将环氧化合物与二氧化碳在反应槽中接触上述触媒系统,以形成环碳酸酯化合物,其中,以环氧化合物的用量为计算基准,所述触媒系统的用量为1mmol%~50mmol%。
为让本发明的上述特征和优点能更明显易懂,下文特举实施例,作详细说明如下。
具体实施方式
在本发明的一实施例中,触媒系统包括过渡金属盐以及有机膦配位基。所述过渡金属盐至少含有卤基、醋酸基或其组合。所述有机膦配位基与所述过渡金属盐的摩尔比可在大于0至50之间,例如在大于0至8之间,若所述有机膦配位基的比例过高,则膦配位基化合物无法良好分散于系统中,并影响环碳酸酯产物的后续利用。另外,上述触媒系统还可含有含卤素化合物,且所述含卤素化合物与所述过渡金属盐的摩尔比可在大于0至50之间,例如大于0至10之间,若所述含卤素化合物的比例过高,则可能含卤素化合物无法良好分散于系统中,并影响环碳酸酯产物的后续利用。
在一实施例中,上述过渡金属盐包括含卤基过渡金属盐,如CoBr2、RhCl3、RuCl2、FeCl2;或者,具有效力的含卤基过渡金属盐可能还有PdXn(palladium halides,因为价数不等,在此以卤化物Xn通式通称)、FeCl3、AlCl3、TiCl4、卤化钪(ScX2、ScX3,scandium halides)、卤化钒(VXn,vanadiumhalides)、ZnX2(zinc halides)、CuX2(copper halides)、SnX2(tin halides)、ZrXn(zirconium halides)、MoXn(molybdenum halides)、WXn(tungstenhalides)、PtXn(pallatinum halides)、BiXn(bismuth halides)等。上述X表示氯、溴或碘。n例如大于1且小于或等于6,依照价数不同,较常见是2或4。
在一实施例中,上述的过渡金属盐包括含醋酸基过渡金属盐,如Co(OAc)2、Zn(OAc)2、Pd(OAc)2、Fe(OAc)2、Fe(OAc)3、Cu(OAc)2、Cs(OAc)、Rh(OAc)2(dimer)、Pb(OAc)2、Sb(OAc)3、La(OAc)3、Bi(OAc)3、Cd(OAc)2、Y(OAc)3、Sc(OAc)3、Sc(OTf)3(scandium triflate)等。
在一实施例中,上述含卤素化合物包括氯化四丁基铵(tetrabutylammonium chloride,TBAC)、氯化苯胺(Anilinium chloride)、羟基氯苯胺(Benzalkonium chloride)、苯佐氯铵(Benzoxonium chloride)、西曲氯铵(Cetrimonium chloride)、西吡氯铵(Cetylpyridinium chloride)、氯化胆碱(Choline chloride)、二癸基二甲基氯化铵(Didecyl dimethylammonium chloride)、双十八烷基二甲基氯化铵(Dimethyl dioctadecylammonium chloride)、硬脂氯化物(Stearalkonium chloride)、氯化四甲基铵(Tetramethyl ammonium chloride)、溴化四丁基铵(tetrabutylammoniumbromide,TBAB)、碘化四丁基铵(TBAI)、溴化四乙基铵(Tetraethylammonium bromide)、溴化度米芬(Domiphen bromide)、苯扎溴铵(Benzododecinium bromide)、溴化(1-乙氧基-1-十六烷氧基-2)-三甲基铵((1-ethoxy-1-oxohexadecan-2-yl)-trimethylazanium bromide)、西曲溴铵(Cetrimonium bromide)、伊美溴铵(Emepronium bromide)、三溴化四乙基铵(Tetrabutylammonium tribromide)、溴化四辛基铵(Tetraoctylammoniumbromide)、通佐溴铵(Thonzonium bromide)、碘化噻唑青胺(Dithiazanineiodide)、甲碘化物(Methiodide)、碘化四乙基铵(Tetraethylammonium iodide)等。
在一实施例中,上述有机膦配位基包括三苯基磷(triphenyl phosphine,PPh3)、三苯基氧化膦(triphenyl phosphine oxide,OPPh3)、聚(二丙二醇)苯基亚磷酸酯(Poly(dipropylene glycol)phenyl phosphite)、三环己基膦(tricyclohexyl phosphine,PCy3)、三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸(Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite)、三苯基亚磷酸酯(triphenylphosphite)、二苯基甲基膦(diphenylmethyl phosphine)等。
在一实施例中,上述有机膦配位基对过渡金属盐的摩尔比例并无特别限制,大于0即可,例如在大于0至50之间,又例如大于0至8之间。上述含卤素化合物对过渡金属盐中的钴的摩尔比例并无特别限制,可为大于0,例如在大于0至50之间,又例如在大于0至10之间。
在一实施例的制造方法中,是将环氧化合物与二氧化碳(CO2)在反应槽中接触上述触媒系统,以形成环碳酸酯化合物(cyclic carbonatecompound),其中,环氧化合物可为一般用于制备环碳酸酯化合物的环氧化合物,没有特别限制,例如1,4-丁二醇二环氧丙酯(1,4-butanedioldiglycidyl ether,BDGE)、1,4-环己烷二甲醇二环氧丙酯(1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol diglycidyl ether,顺式与反式的混合,简称CHDDG)、三羟甲基丙烷三环氧丙酯(trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether,TMPTGE)等;此外,以环氧化合物的用量为计算基准,触媒系统的用量可在1mmol%~50mmol%之间,例如在1mmol%~10mmol%之间,若用量过多,则对反应没有帮助。在此实施例中,反应温度可低于100℃,例如是在室温以上至100℃之间,又例如是在50℃以上至90℃之间,若温度过低,则使反应时间延长才能达到较好的环碳酸酯转化率。至于上述二氧化碳的压力可在1至20大气压之间,例如在1至10大气压之间,若压力过高,则设备规格需求严苛而使环碳酸酯生产方式不具有经济效益;反应时间则可在1至20小时之间,例如在1至8小时之间,若时间过长,对于环碳酸酯转化率并无帮助。
由于上述实施例的触媒系统中结合过渡金属盐与有机膦配位基(可进一步包含:含卤素化合物),会在二氧化碳与环氧化合物存在的环境下,产生环化加成反应。使触媒系统并不进行聚碳酸酯反应,而产生环碳酸酯。此外,上述触媒系统因为具有较良好并且稳定的化学活性,可在较低添加量之下即可具有良好的环碳酸酯转化率。本发明的触媒系统还可在温和的条件下得到高转化率的环碳酸酯成品。
以下列举数个实验来验证本发明的效果,但并不以此限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
取环氧化合物BDGE(1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether,cas no.2425-79-8,15g)与作为触媒用的溴化钴(Cobalt bromide,CoBr2anhydrous,81mg)和三苯基膦(triphenyl phosphine,PPh3,195mg)置于反应釜中,封闭反应釜。以真空泵将反应釜中的空气抽去,将二氧化碳(CO2)通入反应釜。重复上述步骤三次后,将二氧化碳通入反应釜中,使反应釜内压力达到8大气压。将反应釜加热至110℃(内温约为90℃),转速为500rpm,反应4小时。实施例1的反应式如下所示:
将反应釜内气体释放至常压,停止加热,让反应釜降温至室温,倒出产物,以1HNMR光谱分析产物的环碳酸酯转化率为85%,并记录在下表一。
实施例2
取环氧化合物BDGE(250g)、与作为触媒用的醋酸钴四水合物(Cobaltacetate,Co(OAc)2·4H2O,1.54g)、三苯基膦(triphenyl phosphine,PPh3,3.25g)和溴化四丁基铵(tetrabutylammonium bromide,TBAB,3.99g)置于反应釜中,封闭反应釜。以真空泵将反应釜内空气抽出,将二氧化碳通入反应釜,重复上述步骤三次。将二氧化碳通入反应釜,使反应釜内压力达到8大气压。将反应釜加热至110℃(内温约为90℃),转速为500rpm,反应4小时。将反应釜内气体释放至常压,停止加热,让反应釜降温至室温,倒出产物,以1HNMR光谱分析产物的环碳酸酯转化率大于99%,并记录在下表一。
实施例3
取环氧化合物CHDDG(1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol diglycidyl ether,mixture of cis and trans,15g)、与作为触媒用的醋酸钴四水合物(Cobaltacetate,Co(OAc)2·4H2O,72mg)、三苯基膦(triphenyl phosphine,PPh3,153mg)和溴化四丁基铵(tetrabutylammonium bromide,TBAB,189mg)置于反应釜中,封闭反应釜。以真空泵将反应釜内空气抽出,将二氧化碳通入反应釜,重复上述步骤三次。将二氧化碳通入反应釜,使反应釜内压力达到8大气压。将反应釜加热至110℃(内温约为90℃),转速为500rpm,反应4小时。将反应釜内气体释放至常压,停止加热,让反应釜降温至室温,倒出产物,以1HNMR光谱分析产物的环碳酸酯转化率为78%,并记录在下表一。
实施例4
取环氧化合物TMPTGE(Trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether,15g)、与作为触媒用的醋酸钴四水合物(Cobalt acetate,Co(OAc)2·4H2O,62mg)、三苯基膦(triphenyl phosphine,PPh3,130mg)和溴化四丁基铵(tetrabutylammonium bromide,TBAB,160mg)置于反应釜中,封闭反应釜。以真空泵将反应釜内空气抽出,将二氧化碳通入反应釜,重复上述步骤三次。将二氧化碳通入反应釜,使反应釜内压力达到8大气压。将反应釜加热至110℃(内温约为90℃),转速为500rpm,反应4小时。将反应釜内气体释放至常压,停止加热,让反应釜降温至室温,倒出产物,以1HNMR光谱分析产物的环碳酸酯转化率为81%,并记录在下表一。
比较例1
取环氧化合物BDGE(15g)与作为触媒用的溴化四丁基铵(tetrabutylammonium bromide,239mg)置于反应釜中,封闭反应釜。然后施行与上述实施例1相同的工艺反应4小时,并待常压室温后倒出产物,以1HNMR光谱分析产物的环碳酸酯转化率为67%,结果同样记录在下表一。
比较例2
取环氧化合物BDGE(15g)、与作为触媒用的三苯基膦(triphenylphosphine,PPh3,195mg)和溴化四丁基铵(tetrabutylammonium bromide,239mg)置于反应釜中,封闭反应釜。然后施行与上述实施例1相同的工艺反应4小时,并待常压室温后倒出产物,以1HNMR光谱分析产物的环碳酸酯转化率为68%,结果同样记录在下表一。
比较例3
取环氧化合物BDGE(15g)、与作为触媒用的醋酸钴四水合物(Cobaltacetate,Co(OAc)2·4H2O,92mg)置于反应釜中,封闭反应釜。然后施行与上述实施例1相同的工艺反应4小时,并待常压室温后倒出产物,以1HNMR光谱分析产物的环碳酸酯转化率为0%,结果同样记录在下表一。
表一(触媒的添加量为环氧化合物的10mmol%)
由表一可知,本发明的触媒系统具有更加良好的环碳酸酯转化率,且不需大量添加触媒或溶剂。
应用例
取实施例1的产物(BDCE,1,4-butandiol dicarbonate ether,2.61g)与环氧树脂单体1010(bisphenol A diglycidyl ether,3.06g)混合搅拌均匀为A剂。另取间二甲苯二胺(m-xylenediamine,2.45g)与三戊胺(tripentylamine,10mg)搅拌均匀为B剂。将上述A剂与B剂在铝盘中搅拌混合均匀,静置于室温下48小时后,该混合物固化。应用例所用的反应物如下所示:
将得到的产物以Shore A硬度计测量,其硬度为83。
另外,关于触媒系统中的各成分比例对转化率的影响,请参照以下实施例5~9。
实施例5~9
取环氧化合物10mmol%的BDGE、与作为触媒用的醋酸钴四水合物(Co(OAc)2·4H2O,92mg)、三苯基膦(PPh3)和溴化四丁基铵(TBAB,239mg)置于反应釜中,封闭反应釜,其中不同的实施例中所用的三苯基膦(PPh3)对钴的比例、和溴化四丁基胺(TBAB)对钴的比例都不同,详见表二。然后施行与上述实施例1相同的工艺反应4小时,并待常压室温后倒出产物,以1HNMR光谱分析产物的环碳酸酯转化率并记录在下表二。
表二(触媒的添加量为环氧化合物的10mmol%)
由表二可知,本发明的触媒系统在改变有机膦配位基或含卤素化合物的比例下仍可得到良好的环碳酸酯转化率。
关于反应温度对环碳酸酯转化率的影响,请参照实施例5与以下实施例10。
实施例10
除了反应温度外,与实施例5相同成分与工艺下进行反应,并待常压室温后倒出产物,以1HNMR光谱分析产物的转化率并记录在下表三。
表三(触媒的添加量为环氧化合物的10mmol%)
由表三可知,本发明的触媒系统在低温下仍可得到良好的环碳酸酯转化率。
关于触媒系统中使用不同的有机膦配位基对环碳酸酯转化率的影响,请参照以下实施例5、11~16。
实施例5、11~16
取环氧化合物10mmol%的BDGE、与作为触媒用的醋酸钴四水合物(92mg)、溴化四丁基铵(TBAB,239mg)以及不同的有机膦配位基置于反应釜中,封闭反应釜。然后施行与上述实施例1相同的工艺反应4小时,并待常压室温后倒出产物,以1HNMR光谱分析产物的转化率并记录在下表四。
表四(触媒的添加量为环氧化合物的10mmol%)
在表四中,实施例12的PPO是指聚(二伸丙甘醇)亚膦酸苯酯(poly(dipropylene glycol)phenyl phosphite,分子量为386)、实施例13的PCy3是指含30wt%三环己基膦的甲苯溶液、实施例14的TTPTTBP是指Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite。
由表四可知,本发明的触媒系统使用不同的有机膦配位基仍可得到良好的环碳酸酯转化率。
关于触媒系统中使用不同的含卤素化合物对环碳酸酯转化率的影响,请参照以下实施例5、17~18。
实施例5、17~18
取环氧化合物10mmol%的BDGE、与作为触媒用的醋酸钴四水合物(Co(OAc)2·4H2O,92mg)、三苯基膦(PPh3,194mg)和不同的含卤素化合物置于反应釜中,封闭反应釜。然后施行与上述实施例1相同的工艺反应4小时,并待常压室温后倒出产物,以1HNMR光谱分析产物的转化率并记录在下表五。
表五(触媒的添加量为环氧化合物的10mmol%)
表五中的TBAB是溴化四丁基铵、TBAC是氯化四丁基铵、TBAI是碘化四丁基铵。由表五可知,本发明的触媒系统使用不同的含卤素化合物仍可得到良好的环碳酸酯转化率。
关于触媒系统中使用不同的过渡金属盐对环碳酸酯转化率的影响,请参照以下实施例19~23。
实施例19~23
取环氧化合物10mmol%的BDGE、与作为触媒用的三苯基膦(PPh3,194mg)、溴化四丁基铵(TBAB,239mg)和不同的过渡金属盐置于反应釜中,封闭反应釜。然后施行与上述实施例1相同的工艺反应4小时,并待常压室温后倒出产物,以1HNMR光谱分析产物的转化率并记录在下表六。
表六(触媒的添加量为环氧化合物的10mmol%)
由表六可知,本发明的触媒系统使用不同的过渡金属盐仍可得到良好的环碳酸酯转化率。
综上所述,本发明采用有机膦配位基(可进一步包含:含卤素化合物)与过渡金属离子配位,形成高效能的触媒系统,能有效地在温和条件下使二氧化碳与环氧化合物进行环化加成反应,制备高产率环碳酸酯化合物,并且此触媒系统不需使用高价贵金属离子进行反应。而所得的环碳酸酯不需回收触媒即可作为原料进行聚氨酯树脂的制造。
虽然本发明已以实施例揭露如上,然其并非用以限定本发明,任何所属技术领域中普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,当可作部分的更改与修饰,故本发明的保护范围当视权利要求所界定者为准。
Claims (12)
1.一种触媒系统,其特征在于,包括:
过渡金属盐,含有卤基、醋酸基或其组合;以及
有机膦配位基,其中
所述有机膦配位基与所述过渡金属盐的摩尔比在大于0至50之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的触媒系统,其中所述有机膦配位基包括三苯基膦、三苯基氧化膦、聚(二丙二醇)苯基亚磷酸酯、三环己基膦、三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸、三苯基亚磷酸酯或二苯基甲基膦。
3.根据权利要求1所述的触媒系统,其中所述过渡金属盐包括CoBr2、RhCl3、RuCl2、FeCl3、FeCl2、AlCl3、TiCl4、PdXn、ScX2、ScX3、VXn、ZnX2、CuX2、SnX2、ZrXn、MoXn、WXn、PtXn或BiXn的含卤基过渡金属盐,其中X表示氯、溴或碘,n大于1且小于或等于6。
4.根据权利要求1所述的触媒系统,其中所述过渡金属盐包括Co(OAc)2、Zn(OAc)2、Pd(OAc)2、Fe(OAc)2、Fe(OAc)3、Cu(OAc)2、Cs(OAc)、Rh(OAc)2、Pb(OAc)2、Sb(OAc)3、La(OAc)3、Bi(OAc)3、Cd(OAc)2、Y(OAc)3、Sc(OAc)3或Sc(OTf)3的含醋酸基过渡金属盐。
5.根据权利要求1所述的触媒系统,其特征在于,还包括含卤素化合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的触媒系统,其中所述含卤素化合物与所述过渡金属盐的摩尔比在大于0至50之间。
7.根据权利要求5所述的触媒系统,其中所述含卤素化合物包括氯化四丁基铵、溴化四丁基铵、碘化四丁基铵、氯化苯胺、羟基氯苯胺、苯佐氯铵、西曲氯铵、西吡氯铵、氯化胆碱、二癸基二甲基氯化铵、双十八烷基二甲基氯化铵、硬脂氯化物、氯化四甲基铵、溴化四乙基铵、溴化度米芬、苯扎溴铵、溴化(1-乙氧基-1-十六烷氧基-2)-三甲基铵、西曲溴铵、伊美溴铵、三溴化四乙基铵、溴化四辛基铵、通佐溴铵、碘化噻唑青胺、甲碘化物或碘化四乙基铵。
8.一种环碳酸酯的制造方法,其特征在于,包括:
将环氧化合物与二氧化碳在反应槽中接触权利要求1~7中任一项所述的触媒系统,以形成环碳酸酯化合物,其中,以该环氧化合物的用量为计算基准,该触媒系统的用量为1mmol%~50mmol%。
9.根据权利要求8所述的环碳酸酯的制造方法,其中反应温度低于100℃。
10.根据权利要求8所述的环碳酸酯的制造方法,其中所述二氧化碳的压力为1至20大气压。
11.根据权利要求8所述的环碳酸酯的制造方法,其中反应时间为1至20小时。
12.根据权利要求8所述的环碳酸酯的制造方法,其中所述环氧化合物包括1,4-丁二醇二环氧丙酯、1,4-环己烷二甲醇二环氧丙酯或三羟甲基丙烷三环氧丙酯。
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CN113164940A (zh) * | 2018-09-18 | 2021-07-23 | Ptt勘探与生产公共有限公司 | 生产环状碳酸酯的催化剂体系及相关方法 |
CN113164940B (zh) * | 2018-09-18 | 2023-09-29 | Ptt勘探与生产公共有限公司 | 生产环状碳酸酯的催化剂体系及相关方法 |
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US9260405B2 (en) | 2016-02-16 |
US20160096921A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 |
TW201515704A (zh) | 2015-05-01 |
TWI519347B (zh) | 2016-02-01 |
US20150119584A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
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