CN104543834A - 一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104543834A CN104543834A CN201410843973.1A CN201410843973A CN104543834A CN 104543834 A CN104543834 A CN 104543834A CN 201410843973 A CN201410843973 A CN 201410843973A CN 104543834 A CN104543834 A CN 104543834A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉，其特征在于，各组分重量百分比如下：南瓜粉10-50％，桑叶提取物0.4-3％，葛根提取物0.4-3％，黄芪提取物0.3-2‰，知母粉2-12％，女贞子粉3-15％，马齿苋粉1-10％，抗性糊精5-20％，L-阿拉伯糖1-10％，木糖醇1-6％，低聚木糖0.5-4％，维生素A？0.01-0.05‰，维生素B10.01-0.05‰，维生素B20.01-0.05‰，维生素B60.01-0.05‰，叶酸0.01-0.05‰，维生素C？1-5‰，维生素D？0.0001-0.0005‰，维生素E？0.1-0.5‰，其余为柠檬酸。能够降低糖尿病病人血糖，减少糖尿病并发症；同时具有提高机体免疫力，抗氧化，促使机体产生营养物质的功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保健品技术领域，特别涉及一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉及其制备方法，
背景技术
糖尿病是一种以糖代谢紊乱为主要特征的内分泌代谢综合疾病。由于体内胰岛素分泌相对或绝对不足导致糖、脂肪和蛋白质代谢紊乱，患者以多饮、多食、多尿、身体消瘦为特征。随着人们生活水平的提高，糖尿病已成为继心脑血管疾病和恶性肿瘤之后，危害人类身体健康的第三大疾病。
糖尿病病人长期服用的双胍类和磺脲类药物，不仅副作用极大，还会造成严重的肝、肾损伤。糖尿病治疗的原则是在可以控制血糖的基础上，尽量少地使用药物。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种含桑叶提取物、葛根提取物、黄芪提取物、知母粉、女贞子、马齿苋粉、抗性糊精、低聚木糖、L-阿拉伯糖、木糖醇、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、叶酸、维生素C、维生素D、维生素E的南瓜粉，能够降低糖尿病病人血糖，减少糖尿病并发症；同时具有提高机体免疫力，抗氧化，促使机体产生营养物质的功效。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉，各组分重量百分比如下：南瓜粉10-50％，桑叶提取物0.4-3％，葛根提取物0.4-3％，黄芪提取物0.3-2‰，知母粉2-12％，女贞子粉3-15％，马齿苋粉1-10％，抗性糊精5-20％，L-阿拉伯糖1-10％，木糖醇1-6％，低聚木糖0.5-4％，维生素A 0.01-0.05‰，维生素B10.01-0.05‰，维生素B20.01-0.05‰，维生素B60.01-0.05‰，叶酸0.01-0.05‰，维生素C 1-5‰，维生素D 0.0001-0.0005‰，维生素E 0.1-0.5‰，其余为柠檬酸。
所述桑叶提取物、葛根提取物或黄芪提取物，皆通过如下方法制备：
1.将待提取物用50～90％倍体积的乙醇回流提取2次，得到浸膏；
2.待提取物浸膏加水溶解(5～10倍体积)离心、过滤；
3.滤液用正丁醇、氯仿或乙酸乙酯溶剂萃取；
4.浸膏用硅胶柱，用氯仿-甲醇洗脱；
5.重结晶，即得对应提取物。
优选的是，各组分重量百分比如下：南瓜粉30-40％，桑叶提取物1.8-2.4％，葛根提取物1.8-2.4％，黄芪提取物1.5-1.8‰，知母粉8-10％，女贞子粉8-12％，马齿苋粉6-8％，抗性糊精12-18％，L-阿拉伯糖5-8％，木糖醇2-4％，低聚木糖1.5-3％，维生素A 0.03-0.04‰，维生素B10.02-0.03‰，维生素B20.03-0.04‰，维生素B60.02-0.03‰，叶酸0.02-0.03‰，维生素C 3-4‰，维生素D 0.0002-0.0003‰，维生素E 0.1-0.5‰，其余为柠檬酸。
本发明还提供了一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)南瓜预处理：南瓜洗净、去皮、去籽，切丝，清水浸泡1-3小时，沥水，60-80℃烘干；
2)粉碎过筛：将烘干后的南瓜丝粉碎，过100目筛，得南瓜丝粉末；
3)干燥：将上述的南瓜丝粉末于70-80℃烘干2-4小时，即得南瓜粉；
4)混合：将南瓜粉与桑叶提取物、葛根提取物、黄芪提取物、知母粉、女贞子粉、马齿苋粉、抗性糊精、木糖醇、L-阿拉伯糖、低聚木糖、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、叶酸、维生素C、维生素D、维生素E、柠檬酸混合均匀；
5)灭菌：65-70℃微波杀菌，即得具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉。
上述的方法制备的南瓜粉。
上述的具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉在制备治疗高血糖的功能饮料中的应用。
上述的具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉在制备治疗高血糖的保健品中的应用。
服用时用温开水溶解冲服，每次15-20g，每日三次。
本发明的具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉，配方中各原料的药理和药效如下：
南瓜粉含有的多种功效成分共同作用能够起到防治糖尿病的作用。首先，南瓜中含有的降糖因子CTY，能促进胰岛素正常分泌，增强胰岛素受体的敏感性，同时可激活葡萄糖酶，加快葡萄糖的转化，降低血糖浓度。其次，南瓜粉中富各种微量元素、维生素在控制血糖中起着重要作用。例如，南瓜中铬含量，比一般食品高出50倍，而铬是葡萄糖耐量因子(GTF)的活性中心，可刺激葡萄糖的摄入，协助维持糖耐量。第三，南瓜中的果胶可延缓肠道对糖和脂质吸收，能减少胃肠道激素“胃抑多肽”的分泌，使餐后血糖及血液胰岛素水平下降；同时果胶具有饱腹效果，能改善病人的饥饿感。
桑叶含有一种其他动植物所没有的生物碱1-脱氧野霉素“DNJ”，能抑制蔗糖酶、麦芽糖酶、a-葡萄糖甘糖、a-淀粉酶的分解，能刺激胰岛素分泌，降低胰岛素分解速度。另外，桑叶中富含γ-氨基丁酸、桑叶多糖、酚类及多种人体必需的微量元素，因而具有降血压、降血脂、美容等功效。
葛根提取物中的黄酮物质与桑叶提取物脱氧野尻霉素结合形成一种新物质-洗胰清糖素(cics)，具有降血糖、血脂、抗炎等作用。此外，葛根还有解表退热、生津止渴、止泻的功能，并能改善高血压糖尿病病人的项强、头晕、头痛等症状。
黄芪多糖具有双向调节血糖的作用，可使葡萄糖负荷后的小鼠血糖水平显著下降，并能明显对抗肾上腺素引起的小鼠血糖水平升高。黄芪与葛根配伍，对糖尿病患者浮肿、面色黄有显著疗效。
知母中含有总酚，能显著降低四氧嘧啶和链脲左菌素引起的糖尿病动物血糖，芒果苷对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性具有抑制作用。
女贞子具有良好而稳定的降血糖作用，不仅对四氧嘧啶引起的糖尿病有预防和治疗作用，还可对抗肾上腺素引起的血糖升高。此外，还能提高血清溶血素抗体活性，促进淋巴细胞转化，能增强糖尿病人增强免疫力。
马齿苋含有丰富的去甲肾上腺素，能促进胰岛腺分泌胰岛素，调节人体糖代谢过程、降低血糖浓度、保持血糖恒定，所以对糖尿病有一定的治疗作用。此外，它还含有一种叫做3-W的不饱和脂肪酸，能抑制胆固醇和甘油三酸酯的生成，对心血管有保护作用。
L-阿拉伯糖能够优选性抑制小肠中蔗糖酶的活性，可以控制因摄入蔗糖(在小肠蔗糖酶的作用下分解成葡萄糖和果糖而被吸收)而导致的血糖升高。
木糖醇在体内新陈代谢不需要胰岛素参与，又不使血糖值升高，并且可消除糖尿病人三多(多饮、多尿、多食)，因此是糖尿病人安全的甜味剂、营养补充剂和辅助治疗剂。
低聚木糖不仅能调节肠道益生菌，还具有保护肝脏，降血压，清胆固醇的功效。
维生素A有助于免疫系统功能正常，增强糖尿病人免疫力。维生素B1对神经组织和精神状态有良好的影响，有益于糖尿病人的身心健康。维生素B2参与体内生物氧化与能量代谢，细胞生长代谢及维生素B6和烟酸的代谢，可补充糖尿病人因长期服用药物引发的维生素B2的缺乏。维生素B6是人体内某些辅酶的组成成分，参与多种代谢反应，尤其是和氨基酸代谢有密切关系。叶酸的缺乏可引起巨红细胞性贫血以及白细胞减少症，还会导致身体无力、易怒、没胃口以及精神病症状；糖尿病人多伴有身体疲乏等症状，叶酸的补充可以减缓身体乏力。B族维生素是推动体内代谢，把糖、脂肪、蛋白质等转化成热量时不可缺少的物质。维生素B族的作用是相辅相成的，同时补充，能够发挥更有效的作用。维生素C具有调节氧化还原反应的功效，维生素D为固醇类衍生物，在Ⅰ型糖尿病中，免疫系统会杀灭人体自身的细胞，维生素D可起到免疫抑制剂的作用，能防止免疫系统的过度反应。维生素E能够改善血液循环、保护组织、降低胆固醇、预防高血压，能够防治糖尿病人高血压血脂等并发症。
本发明的具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉，南瓜中的CTY和桑叶中的生物碱1-脱氧野霉素“DNJ”在激活葡萄糖酶，加快葡萄糖的转化的同时抑制蔗糖酶、麦芽糖酶、a-葡萄糖甘糖、a-淀粉酶的分解，起到双管齐下的降低血糖的作用。桑叶与葛根的配伍，能生产新的降血糖因子-洗胰清糖素；知母与女贞子能够有效改善糖尿病人免疫力，减少并发症的发生。低聚木糖、L-阿拉伯糖、木糖醇的共同作用，不仅调节肠道益生菌，同时抑制血糖的升高，减少糖尿病患者并发症。各种维生素的加入，能够维护糖尿病人正常身体代谢，减少并发症，增强身体免疫力。
具体的实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1制备具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉
配方为：南瓜粉40％，桑叶提取物2％，葛根提取物2％，黄芪提取物1.5‰，知母粉8％，女贞子粉10％，马齿苋粉7％，抗性糊精15％，L-阿拉伯糖8％，木糖醇4％，低聚木糖3％，维生素A 0.03‰，维生素B10.02‰，维生素B20.0307‰，维生素B60.02‰，叶酸0.029‰，维生素C 3‰，维生素D 0.0003‰，维生素E 0.37‰，柠檬酸5‰。
制备方法：
1)南瓜预处理：南瓜洗净、去皮、去籽，切丝，清水浸泡1-3小时，沥水，60-80℃烘干。
2)粉碎过筛：将烘干后的南瓜丝粉碎，过100目筛。
3)干燥：80℃烘干2-4小时。
4)混合：将制备好的南瓜粉加入桑叶提取物、葛根提取物、黄芪提取物、知母粉、女贞子粉、马齿苋粉、抗性糊精、木糖醇、L-阿拉伯糖、低聚木糖、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、叶酸、维生素C、维生素D、维生素E、柠檬酸混合，混匀，即得。
5)灭菌：65-70℃微波杀菌，即可。
服用时用温开水溶解冲服，每次15-20g，每日三次。
实施例2制备具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉
配方为：南瓜粉38％，桑叶提取物2％，葛根提取物2％，黄芪提取物1.5‰，知母粉9％，女贞子粉9％，马齿苋粉7％，抗性糊精17％，L-阿拉伯糖8％，木糖醇4％，低聚木糖3％，维生素A 0.0307‰，维生素B10.029‰，维生素B20.0303‰，维生素B60.0207‰，叶酸0.029‰，维生素C 3‰，维生素D 0.0003‰，维生素E 0.36‰，柠檬酸5‰。
制备方法：
1)南瓜预处理：南瓜洗净、去皮、去籽，切丝，清水浸泡1-3小时，沥水，60-80℃烘干。
2)粉碎过筛：将烘干后的南瓜丝粉碎，过100目筛。
3)干燥：80℃烘干2-4小时。
4)混合：将制备好的南瓜粉加入桑叶提取物、葛根提取物、黄芪提取物、知母粉、女贞子粉、马齿苋粉、抗性糊精、木糖醇、L-阿拉伯糖、低聚木糖、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、叶酸、维生素C、维生素D、维生素E、柠檬酸混合，混匀，即得。
5)灭菌：65-70℃微波杀菌，即可。
服用时用温开水溶解冲服，每次15-20g，每日三次。
实施例3制备具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉
配方为：南瓜粉35％，桑叶提取物1.8％，葛根提取物2.2％，黄芪提取物1.5‰，知母粉9％，女贞子粉12％，马齿苋粉7％，抗性糊精17％，L-阿拉伯糖8％，木糖醇4％，低聚木糖3％，维生素A 0.031‰，维生素B10.029‰，维生素B20.0303‰，维生素B60.0204‰，叶酸0.029‰，维生素C 3‰，维生素D 0.0003‰，维生素E 0.36‰，柠檬酸5‰。
制备方法：
1)南瓜预处理：南瓜洗净、去皮、去籽，切丝，清水浸泡1-3小时，沥水，60-80℃烘干。
2)粉碎过筛：将烘干后的南瓜丝粉碎，过100目筛。
3)干燥：80℃烘干2-4小时。
4)混合：将制备好的南瓜粉加入桑叶提取物、葛根提取物、黄芪提取物、知母粉、女贞子粉、马齿苋粉、抗性糊精、木糖醇、L-阿拉伯糖、低聚木糖、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、叶酸、维生素C、维生素D、维生素E、柠檬酸混合，混匀，即得。
5)灭菌：65-70℃微波杀菌，即可。
服用时用温开水溶解冲服，每次15-20g，每日三次。
病例资料：
临床应用100例，女性48例，男性52例，平均年龄57岁，病程3-21年，伴有多食易渴、口渴多饮、倦怠乏力、视力模糊、脚趾溃烂等并发症，原治疗方案不变。
治疗方法：冲服实施例1的药物，每日一次，每次一剂(实施例1给出的剂量即为一剂的量)，两周为一疗程。
疗效评价：
(一)主要检测指标(血糖)疗效判定标准
显效：空腹血糖及餐后2小时血糖下降至正常范围；或空腹血糖及餐后2小时血糖值下降超过治疗前的40％，糖化血红蛋白值下降至正常，或下降超过治疗前的30％。
有效：空腹血糖及餐后2小时糖下降超过治疗前的20％，但未达到显效标准，糖化血红蛋白值下降超过治疗前的10％，但未达到显效标准。
无效：临床症状、体征均无明显改善，甚或加重，症候积分减少不足30％；空腹血糖及餐后2小时血糖无下降，或下降未达到有效标准，糖化血红蛋白值无下降，或下降未达到有效标准。
治疗结果：100例糖尿病患者，显效2例，有效71例，无效27例，总有效率73％。均未发现毒副作用，患者易接受。
(二)证候疗效判定标准
临床痊愈：中医临床症状、体征消失或基本消失，证候积分减少≥90％。
显效：中医临床症状、体征明显改善，证候积分减少≥70％。
有效：中医临床症状、体征均有好转，证候积分减少≥30％。
无效：中医临床症状、体征均无明显改善，甚或加重，证候积分减少不足30％。
注：计算公式(尼莫地平法)为：〔(治疗前积分－治疗后积分)÷治疗前积分〕×100％。
治疗结果：100例糖尿病患者，显效7例，有效73例，无效20例，总有效率80％。均未发现毒副作用，患者易接受。
临床典型病例：
病例1：冯某某，男，65岁，退休工人，患糖尿病10年，平时空腹血糖是8.9mmol/L，餐后血糖为13.6mmol/L，服用实施例1的具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉，服用两周后，空腹血糖7.7mmol/L，餐后血糖为12.8mmol/L。
病例2：
陈某，女，53岁，家庭主妇，患糖尿病15年，脚趾溃烂，吃药失控后开始打胰岛素，原来每天得用36个单位的胰岛素，服用实施例1的具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉，服用两周后，只用16个单位的胰岛素，而且脚趾已经不再溃烂。
病例3：
刘某，男，35岁，某公司职工，患糖尿病8年，平时空腹血糖是8.9mmol/L,餐后血糖为13.6mmol/L。服用实施例1的具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉，服用两周后，空腹血糖为8.1mmol/L，餐后血糖为12.1mmol/L，视力模糊现象明显减轻。
表1具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉感官评价表
注：感官评价为10人小组评定结果
上述虽然对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述，但并非对本发明保护范围的限制，所属领域技术人员应该明白，在本发明的技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。
Claims (6)
1.一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉，其特征在于，各组分重量百分比如下：南瓜粉10-50％，桑叶提取物0.4-3％，葛根提取物0.4-3％，黄芪提取物0.3-2‰，知母粉2-12％，女贞子粉3-15％，马齿苋粉1-10％，抗性糊精5-20％，L-阿拉伯糖1-10％，木糖醇1-6％，低聚木糖0.5-4％，维生素A 0.01-0.05‰，维生素B10.01-0.05‰，维生素B20.01-0.05‰，维生素B60.01-0.05‰，叶酸0.01-0.05‰，维生素C 1-5‰，维生素D 0.0001-0.0005‰，维生素E 0.1-0.5‰，其余为柠檬酸。
2.如权利要求1所述的南瓜粉，其特征在于，各组分重量百分比如下：南瓜粉30-40％，桑叶提取物1.8-2.4％，葛根提取物1.8-2.4％，黄芪提取物1.5-1.8‰，知母粉8-10％，女贞子粉8-12％，马齿苋粉6-8％，抗性糊精12-18％，L-阿拉伯糖5-8％，木糖醇2-4％，低聚木糖1.5-3％，维生素A 0.03-0.04‰，维生素B10.02-0.03‰，维生素B20.03-0.04‰，维生素B60.02-0.03‰，叶酸0.02-0.03‰，维生素C 3-4‰，维生素D 0.0002-0.0003‰，维生素E0.1-0.5‰，其余为柠檬酸。
3.权利要求1所述的南瓜粉的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)南瓜预处理：南瓜洗净、去皮、去籽，切丝，清水浸泡1-3小时，沥水，60-80℃烘干；
2)粉碎过筛：将烘干后的南瓜丝粉碎，过100目筛，得南瓜丝粉末；
3)干燥：将上述的南瓜丝粉末于70-80℃烘干2-4小时，即得南瓜粉；
4)混合：将南瓜粉与桑叶提取物、葛根提取物、黄芪提取物、知母粉、女贞子粉、马齿苋粉、抗性糊精、木糖醇、L-阿拉伯糖、低聚木糖、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、叶酸、维生素C、维生素D、维生素E、柠檬酸混合均匀；
5)灭菌：65-70℃微波杀菌，即得具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法制备的南瓜粉。
5.权利要求1或2所述的南瓜粉在制备治疗高血糖的功能饮料中的应用。
6.权利要求1或2所述的南瓜粉在制备治疗高血糖的保健品中的应用。
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| CN109221898A (zh) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-01-18 | 山东龙力生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种含低聚木糖的谷物粉及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN109331113A (zh) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-02-15 | 深圳市红瑞生物科技有限公司 | 辅助治疗宠物糖尿病的处方膏及其制备方法 |
| CN109730270A (zh) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-05-10 | 西安培华学院 | 一种降糖酵母发酵南瓜粉及制备方法和应用 |
| CN111184157A (zh) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-22 | 西安外事学院 | 一种预防糖尿病的保健型苹果醋饮料及其制备方法 |
| CN111149827A (zh) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-15 | 西安外事学院 | 一种预防糖尿病的富硒膳食纤维饼干及其制备方法 |
| CN113796537A (zh) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-17 | 尚品生物科技(天津)有限公司 | 一种降糖组合物及其制作工艺 |
| CN113796537B (zh) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-08-22 | 尚品生物科技(天津)有限公司 | 一种降糖组合物及其制作工艺 |
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