CN104488831A - Method for cultivating larval stage feed copepods for ocean fancy fishes - Google Patents
Method for cultivating larval stage feed copepods for ocean fancy fishes Download PDFInfo
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- CN104488831A CN104488831A CN201510020103.9A CN201510020103A CN104488831A CN 104488831 A CN104488831 A CN 104488831A CN 201510020103 A CN201510020103 A CN 201510020103A CN 104488831 A CN104488831 A CN 104488831A
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 241000517745 Acartia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000239253 Calanoida Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000517743 Acartiidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241001501873 Isochrysis galbana Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000159660 Nannochloropsis oculata Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000133262 Nauplius Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000003250 oocyst Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238571 Cladocera Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000355000 Pseudodiaptomus Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000001136 chorion Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000364432 Acutifrons Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000334163 Amphiprion percula Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000065675 Cyclops Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000202707 Euterpe Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001417495 Serranidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001226589 Sinocalanus tenellus Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013020 embryo development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000003243 intestinal obstruction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001581 lymphogranuloma venereum Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011020 pilot scale process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001228 trophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating larval stage feed copepods for ocean fancy fishes and relates to biological bait cultivation. The method comprises the first step of collecting the copepods, observing the copepods with oocysts, measuring the body lengths of the copepods, performing identification of species, and obtaining new acartia, wherein the mature individuals are 680-740 microns long and belong to calanoida, acartiidae and acartia; the second step of performing inoculated culture of the new acartia in a container, wherein the body-length distribution is that the nauplii are 60-230 microns and copepodite are 310-640 microns, and the nauplii and the copepodite serve as larval stage biological baits of marine fishes; the third step of placing the new acartia obtained through the second step in a water tank to go on being cultivated, feeding baits in the cultivation process, siphoning residual feed excrement each day, collecting part of the nauplii and copepodite to serve as larval stage feed for the ocean fancy fishes, adding the baits, and performing continuous cultivation for 1 month and then changing the water. The cultivation density of the new acartia can reach 2000/L.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of culture of living feeds, especially relate to the breeding method of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait copepoda.
Background technology
Pet fish is various in style, and the bodily form is different, colorful, very beautiful, very popular.Along with the growth of economy, the development of production and growth in the living standard, people also grow with each passing day for the demand of leisure with happy feelings activity, and the culture of ornamental fish and pet fish culture just become a kind of health, graceful life mark.Pet fish recreation industry, integrates cultivation, puts on display, races, and melts ecology, culture, economy, become meet people pursue health, fashion, leisure happy guidance type industry.
Current pet fish is based on fresh water kind, and the ocean pet fish propagated artificially is still few.Ocean pet fish mainly comes from the coral reef water in the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, and kind is a lot, and build is strange, and body surface rich color, is rich in change, is good at concealing, and has a kind of natural beauty of original simple and unsophisticated mystery.There are Philippine, TaiWan, China and the South Sea, Japan, Australia, Hawaiian Islands, India, Red sea, East Coast of Africa etc. in common producing region.Ocean pet fish distributed pole is wide, and they live in unmeasured vastness ocean, and many marine sites are uninhabited, also has many not by kind that the mankind find.Ocean pet fish is the fancy fishes that the whole world has development potentiality and future most, represent following pet fish developing direction (Huo Fengmin, Zhang Zhirong, Zou Jixing. Omamental Fish In China Industry Development. Hebei fishery, 2010,1:51-53).
Current China ocean pet fish industry is in starting developing stage.Although both at home and abroad scientist is to the embryonic development of ocean pet fish (such as clown fish), juvenile fish cultivates and the aspect such as fortification, parent's pairing has carried out some research, for industry development provides some capsule information, but the problem of the low survival rate of ocean pet fish early development stage is still not yet resolved.It is little especially that lymphogranuloma inguinale footpath is viewed and admired in ocean, and artificial culture process lacks suitable opening biological feed, become the technical bottleneck hindering pet fish industry development.It is wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii that current ocean pet fish cultivates the most frequently used opening biological feed.Wheel animalcule body small (size is about 200 ~ 300 μm), suitable to ocean pet fish natural openings bait, but generally wheel animalcule can not meet the nutritional need of larva and juvenile, need just have higher nutritive value through fortification.The squab nauplius of halogen worm (size is about 400 ~ 500 μm), usually the opening bore of large Yu Haiyang prelarva; In addition, nauplius and chorion are not easily separated, and chorion can cause intestinal obstruction after being eaten by larva and juvenile, causes mortality, also can polluted water.Existing research is pointed out, Marine copepod has the following advantages, and can be used as the open-mouthed bait of ocean fancy fishes: the biochemical component of (1) copepoda can meet the nutritional need of ocean larva and juvenile.(2) Marine copepod is of a great variety, and has multiple juvenile stage (nauplius 5-6 phase; The copepodid larva 5-6 phase), can be the open-mouthed bait that larva and juvenile provides different-grain diameter.(3), after copepoda is ingested, the digestive ferment of itself contributes to the digestion of larva and juvenile to food.With throw something and feed wheel animalcule compared with artemia nauplii, the pet fish of copepoda of throwing something and feeding has higher survival rate, growth rate and resistance, copepoda is as the excellent natural openings bait of ocean larva and juvenile, have broad application prospects (Jiang Jianbin, Lu Jianxue. the trophic analysis of seawater copepoda and the application in fish, shrimp crab larval culture. aquaculture, 2012,9:1-2; Li Xinghui. the utilization of animality biological feed in the culture of ornamental fish. science is breeded fish, 2008,10:6-7).
So far, the cultivation of Marine copepod has had many reports with utilization, such as Sinocalanus tenellus, the pseudo-Diaptomus of finger-like, ocean pseudo-Diaptomus, the very wide water flea in the Pacific Ocean, kirschner Acartia, short angular length abdomen cyclops, Euterpe acutifrons, the violent water flea of Japanese tiger spot etc. all can carry out pilot scale culture (Liu Zhuo. the cultivation of copepoda and utilization. Marine Sciences, 1989,6:65-66; Cheng Yongxu (chief editor). culture of living feeds (second edition). Chinese agriculture publishing house, Beijing, 2005,203-230), play an important role in economic fish (grouper, large yellow Crocker etc.) seed rearing process.It should be noted that, above-mentioned copepoda body is long can not be applicable to the ocean fancy fishes that bore is narrow and small usually more than 1000 μm, there is no the research that the Small Copepods for ocean pet fish opening cultivates at present and reports.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency for the screening of existing ocean fancy fishes and existence in cultivating, the breeding method of a kind of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait copepoda is provided.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) copepoda is gathered, observe the copepoda with egg capsule, measure its body long, and carry out Identification of Species, obtain new Acartia (Acartia sinjiensis), its long 680 ~ 740 μm of ripe individual body, is under the jurisdiction of calanoida (Calanoida), Acartia section (Acartiidae), Acartia genus (Acartia);
2) by new Acartia inoculated and cultured in container, size distribution is: nauplius 60 ~ 230 μm, copepodid larva 310 ~ 640 μm, as the opening biological feed of marine fishes;
3) by step 2) cultivate obtain new Acartia put into tank continue cultivation, to throw something and feed in incubation bait, siphon every day goes out residual bait ight soil, collect a part of nauplius and the copepodid larva open-mouthed bait as marine ornamental fish simultaneously, and add bait, continuous culture changed water after 1 month.
In step 1) in, described collection copepoda can adopt the plankton net of mesh 250 μm, gathers copepoda in subtropics and the tropical stretch of coastal water.
In step 2) in, described container can adopt the glass container of 1 ~ 5L.
In step 3) in, described tank can adopt capacity to be fiberglass tank or the polycarbonate resin tank of 500 ~ 1000L; Ocean temperature in described tank can be 26 ~ 32 DEG C, and salinity can be 25 ‰ ~ 35 ‰, and intensity of illumination can be 1200 ~ 1500Lux, and the photoperiod can be 18L: 6D, cultivates the micro-inflation of omnidistance maintenance; Described bait can adopt the micro-algae of mixing, and the micro-algae of described mixing can adopt Isochrysis galbana and flat algae, or Isochrysis galbana and Nannochloropsis oculata; Can 20 be adopted, the Isochrysis galbana of 000 cell/mL and 3, the flat algae of 000 cell/mL when described incubation starts, or the Isochrysis galbana and 50 of 20,000 cell/mL, the Nannochloropsis oculata of 000 cell/mL; Described incubation mid-term stage can adopt 40, the Isochrysis galbana of 000 cell/mL and 3, the flat algae of 000 cell/mL, or the Isochrysis galbana and 50 of 40,000 cell/mL, the Nannochloropsis oculata of 000 cell/mL; When the culture density of new Acartia reaches 1, during 500 individualities/L, the quantity of throwing something and feeding of described bait can be the twice of mid-term stage; In incubation, operator can according to the corresponding adjustment daily ration, feeding quantity of water colour.
The present invention can make the culture density of new Acartia reach 2,000 individuality/L.
The body length of the present invention in conjunction with copepoda and the consideration of two aspects history of life, for some Small Copepods of temperate zone, nearshore waters, subtropics, obtain a kind of copepoda of suitable cultivation---new Acartia (Acartia sinjiensis), its adult body long little (being less than 750 μm), breeding fast (about 7 days cyclostages), wide temperature eurysalinity, and establish intensive cultural method, for the cultivation of ocean pet fish commitment provides technical support.
Embodiment
The present invention includes following steps:
1) copepoda is gathered, observe the copepoda with egg capsule, measure its body long, and carry out Identification of Species, obtain new Acartia (Acartia sinjiensis), its long 680 ~ 740 μm of ripe individual body, is under the jurisdiction of calanoida (Calanoida), Acartia section (Acartiidae), Acartia genus (Acartia); Described collection copepoda can adopt the plankton net of mesh 250 μm, gathers copepoda in subtropics and the tropical stretch of coastal water.
2) by new Acartia inoculated and cultured in the glass container of 1 ~ 5L, size distribution is: nauplius 60 ~ 230 μm, copepodid larva 310 ~ 640 μm, as the opening biological feed of marine fishes.
3) by step 2) cultivate obtain new Acartia put into tank continue cultivation, to throw something and feed in incubation bait, siphon every day goes out residual bait ight soil, collect a part of nauplius and the copepodid larva open-mouthed bait as marine ornamental fish simultaneously, and add bait, continuous culture changed water after 1 month.Described tank can adopt capacity to be fiberglass tank or the polycarbonate resin tank of 500 ~ 1000L; Ocean temperature in described tank can be 26 ~ 32 DEG C, and salinity can be 25 ‰ ~ 35 ‰, and intensity of illumination can be 1200 ~ 1500Lux, and the photoperiod can be 18L: 6D, cultivates the micro-inflation of omnidistance maintenance; Described bait can adopt the micro-algae of mixing, and the micro-algae of described mixing can adopt Isochrysis galbana and flat algae, or Isochrysis galbana and Nannochloropsis oculata; Can 20 be adopted, the Isochrysis galbana of 000 cell/mL and 3, the flat algae of 000 cell/mL when described incubation starts, or the Isochrysis galbana and 50 of 20,000 cell/mL, the Nannochloropsis oculata of 000 cell/mL; Described incubation mid-term stage can adopt 40, the Isochrysis galbana of 000 cell/mL and 3, the flat algae of 000 cell/mL, or the Isochrysis galbana and 50 of 40,000 cell/mL, the Nannochloropsis oculata of 000 cell/mL; When the culture density of new Acartia reaches 1, during 500 individualities/L, the quantity of throwing something and feeding of described bait can be the twice of mid-term stage; In incubation, operator can according to the corresponding adjustment daily ration, feeding quantity of water colour.The present invention can make the culture density of new Acartia reach 2,000 individuality/L.
Claims (10)
1. the breeding method of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait copepoda, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) copepoda is gathered, observe the copepoda with egg capsule, measure its body long, and carry out Identification of Species, obtain new Acartia (Acartia sinjiensis), its long 680 ~ 740 μm of ripe individual body, is under the jurisdiction of calanoida (Calanoida), Acartia section (Acartiidae), Acartia genus (Acartia);
2) by new Acartia inoculated and cultured in container, size distribution is: nauplius 60 ~ 230 μm, copepodid larva 310 ~ 640 μm, as the opening biological feed of marine fishes;
3) by step 2) cultivate obtain new Acartia put into tank continue cultivation, to throw something and feed in incubation bait, siphon every day goes out residual bait ight soil, collect a part of nauplius and the copepodid larva open-mouthed bait as marine ornamental fish simultaneously, and add bait, continuous culture changed water after 1 month.
2. the breeding method of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait copepoda as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1) in, described collection copepoda adopts the plankton net of mesh 250 μm, gathers copepoda in subtropics and the tropical stretch of coastal water.
3. the breeding method of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait copepoda as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 2) in, described container adopts the glass container of 1 ~ 5L.
4. the breeding method of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait copepoda as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 3) in, described tank adopts capacity to be fiberglass tank or the polycarbonate resin tank of 500 ~ 1000L.
5. the breeding method of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait copepoda as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 3) in, ocean temperature in described tank is 26 ~ 32 DEG C, salinity is 25 ‰ ~ 35 ‰, intensity of illumination is 1200 ~ 1500Lux, photoperiod is 18L: 6D, cultivates the micro-inflation of omnidistance maintenance.
6. the breeding method of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait copepoda as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 3) in, described bait adopts the micro-algae of mixing.
7. the breeding method of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait copepoda as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that the micro-algae of described mixing adopts Isochrysis galbana and flat algae, or Isochrysis galbana and Nannochloropsis oculata.
8. the breeding method of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait copepoda as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 3) in, described in incubation, 20 are adopted during beginning, the Isochrysis galbana of 000 cell/mL and 3, the flat algae of 000 cell/mL, or 20, the Isochrysis galbana of 000 cell/mL and 50, the Nannochloropsis oculata of 000 cell/mL.
9. the breeding method of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait copepoda as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 3) in, described in incubation, mid-term stage adopts 40, the Isochrysis galbana of 000 cell/mL and 3, the flat algae of 000 cell/mL, or 40, the Isochrysis galbana of 000 cell/mL and 50, the Nannochloropsis oculata of 000 cell/mL.
10. the breeding method of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait copepoda as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 3) in, described in incubation, when the culture density of new Acartia reaches 1, during 500 individualities/L, the quantity of throwing something and feeding of bait is the twice of mid-term stage.
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| CN201510020103.9A CN104488831A (en) | 2015-01-15 | 2015-01-15 | Method for cultivating larval stage feed copepods for ocean fancy fishes |
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| CN201510020103.9A CN104488831A (en) | 2015-01-15 | 2015-01-15 | Method for cultivating larval stage feed copepods for ocean fancy fishes |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104782577A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-22 | 临沂大学 | Method for breeding penilia avirostris with suction flasks |
| CN104782576A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-22 | 临沂大学 | Method for breeding calanus finmarchicus with porcelain jar |
| CN104996365A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-10-28 | 厦门大学 | Screening and cultural method for initial feed bestiolina similis of ocean fancy fishes |
| CN106719195A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of Copepods indoor circulation incubator |
| CN107960350A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-04-27 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of store method of Copepods ovum |
| CN111387100A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-07-10 | 浙江海洋大学 | Separation and purification and large-scale culture method for daphnia fusiforme |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104782577A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-22 | 临沂大学 | Method for breeding penilia avirostris with suction flasks |
| CN104782576A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-22 | 临沂大学 | Method for breeding calanus finmarchicus with porcelain jar |
| CN104782577B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2018-07-27 | 临沂大学 | A method of with bottle,suction culture beak tip Magna |
| CN104996365A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-10-28 | 厦门大学 | Screening and cultural method for initial feed bestiolina similis of ocean fancy fishes |
| CN106719195A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of Copepods indoor circulation incubator |
| CN106719195B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2020-11-10 | 浙江海洋大学 | Indoor circulation incubator of copepods |
| CN107960350A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-04-27 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of store method of Copepods ovum |
| CN111387100A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-07-10 | 浙江海洋大学 | Separation and purification and large-scale culture method for daphnia fusiforme |
| CN111387100B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-10-22 | 浙江海洋大学 | Separation and purification and large-scale culture method for daphnia fusiforme |
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Application publication date: 20150408 |