CN104996365A

CN104996365A - Screening and cultural method for initial feed bestiolina similis of ocean fancy fishes

Info

Publication number: CN104996365A
Application number: CN201510469291.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶海辉; 曾朝曙; 郭东晖; 刘敏
Original assignee: Xiamen University
Current assignee: Xiamen University
Priority date: 2015-08-04
Filing date: 2015-08-04
Publication date: 2015-10-28

Abstract

The invention provides a screening and cultural method for an initial feed bestiolina similis of ocean fancy fishes, and relate to living food culture. The method comprises: using a 500-1000 L glass fiber reinforced plastic or polycarbonate resin water tank as a culture container, culturing indoors, ocean temperature being 22-28 DEG C, salinity being 2.5-3 %, illuminance being 700-1000 lux, photoperiod being 12L:12D, and maintaining micro inflation; feeding different microalgaes in a mixed manner every day, in inoculation, feeding isochrysis (30,000 cell/mL) and tetraselmis (3000 cell/mL) in a mixed manner every day; in a medium-term, adding to feed pavlova viridis (40,000 cell/mL); when culture density of the bestiolina similis reaches 3000 individuals/L, the number of bait is doubled than the number in the medium-term; siphoning residual feed and faeces every day, and collecting part of nauplius and copepodite as the initial feed of ocean fancy fishes, and adding necessary alga; and after 1 month of continuous culture, changing water thoroughly.

Description

Ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait intends screening and the cultural method of short grand wise water flea

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of culture of living feeds, especially relate to screening and cultural method that a kind of ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait intends short grand wise water flea.

Background technology

Marine ornamental fish is various in style, and the bodily form is different, colorful, very beautiful, very popular.Ocean pet fish is considered to the fancy fishes that the whole world has development potentiality and future most, represent following pet fish developing direction (Huo Fengmin, Zhang Zhirong, Zou Jixing. Omamental Fish In China Industry Development. Hebei fishery, 2010,1:51-53).Current ocean pet fish mainly comes from the coral reef water in the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, and there are Philippine, TaiWan, China and the South Sea, Japan, Australia, Hawaiian Islands, India, Red sea, East Coast of Africa etc. in common producing region.For marine resources conservation and the needs viewed and admired, the industrial technology of marine ornamental fish day by day comes into one's own.

Compared with other cultivate edible fishes, current ocean pet fish industry is in starting developing stage.Although both at home and abroad scientist is to the embryonic development of ocean pet fish (such as clown fish), juvenile fish cultivates and the aspect such as fortification, parent's pairing has carried out some research, for industry development provides some capsule information, but the problem of the low survival rate of ocean pet fish early development stage is still not yet resolved.It is little especially that lymphogranuloma inguinale footpath is viewed and admired in ocean, and artificial culture process lacks suitable opening biological feed, become the technical bottleneck hindering pet fish industry development.It is wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii that current ocean pet fish cultivates the most frequently used opening biological feed.Wheel animalcule body small (size is about 200 ~ 300 μm), suitable to ocean pet fish natural openings bait, but generally wheel animalcule can not meet the nutritional need of larva and juvenile, need just have higher nutritive value through fortification.The squab nauplius of halogen worm (size is about 400 ~ 500 μm), usually the opening bore of large Yu Haiyang prelarva; In addition, nauplius and chorion are not easily separated, and chorion can cause intestinal obstruction after being eaten by larva and juvenile, causes mortality, also can polluted water.Research shows, Marine copepod has the following advantages, and can be used as the open-mouthed bait of ocean fancy fishes: the biochemical component of (1) copepoda can meet the nutritional need of ocean larva and juvenile; (2) Marine copepod is of a great variety, and have multiple juvenile stage (nauplius 5 ?6 phases; Copepodid larva 5 ?6 phases), can be the open-mouthed bait that larva and juvenile provides different-grain diameter.(3), after copepoda is ingested, the digestive ferment of itself contributes to the digestion of larva and juvenile to food.With throw something and feed wheel animalcule compared with artemia nauplii, the pet fish of copepoda of throwing something and feeding has higher survival rate, growth rate and resistance, copepoda is as the excellent natural openings bait of ocean larva and juvenile, have broad application prospects (Jiang Jianbin, Lu Jianxue. the trophic analysis of seawater copepoda and the application in fish, shrimp crab larval culture. aquaculture, 2012,9:1-2; Li Xinghui. the utilization of animality biological feed in the culture of ornamental fish. science is breeded fish, 2008,10:6-7).

So far, the cultivation of Marine copepod has had many reports with utilization, such as Sinocalanus tenellus, the pseudo-Diaptomus of finger-like, ocean pseudo-Diaptomus, the very wide water flea in the Pacific Ocean, kirschner Acartia, short angular length abdomen cyclops, Euterpe acutifrons, the violent water flea of Japanese tiger spot etc. all can carry out pilot scale culture (Liu Zhuo. the cultivation of copepoda and utilization. Marine Sciences, 1989,6:65-66; Cheng Yongxu (chief editor). culture of living feeds (second edition). Chinese agriculture publishing house, Beijing, 2005,203-230), play an important role in economic fish (grouper, large yellow Crocker etc.) seed rearing process.It is pointed out that above-mentioned copepoda body is long usually more than 1000 μm, be not suitable for the ocean fancy fishes that bore is narrow and small.

The applicant discloses the new Acartia of a kind of Small Copepods in Chinese patent 2,015 1 0020103.9, its adult 680 ~ 740 μm, and the cyclostage is 6 days, and its culture density can reach 2, and 000 individuality/L can be used as the open-mouthed bait of ocean pet fish.Generally, the research of cultivating for the Small Copepods of ocean pet fish opening is at present reported few.

Summary of the invention

Ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait is the object of the present invention is to provide to intend screening and the cultural method of short grand wise water flea (Bestiolina similis).

Concrete steps of the present invention are as follows:

1) prepare culture vessel, utilize the fiberglass of 500 ~ 1000L capacity or polycarbonate resin tank as culture vessel, in indoor cultivation, ocean temperature is 22 ~ 28 DEG C, salinity 25 ~ 30 ‰, and illumination is 700 ~ 1000 luxs, photoperiod is 12L:12D, cultivates the micro-inflation of omnidistance maintenance;

2) in incubation, every day mixes different micro-algae of throwing something and feeding, and feeding volume is determined, when starting to inoculate according to the biomass of each short grand wise water flea of plan cultivated, every day mixes throw something and feed Isochrysis galbana (30,000 cell/mL) and flat algae (3000 cell/mL); Mid-term stage increase is thrown something and fed Ba Fuzao (40,000 cell/mL); When the culture density intending short grand wise water flea reaches 3, during 000 individuality/L, bait quantity is the twice in mid-term;

3) in incubation, siphon every day goes out residual bait ight soil, collects a part of nauplius and the copepodid larva open-mouthed bait as marine ornamental fish simultaneously, and adds the algae needed;

4) continuous culture once changed water greatly after 1 month.

In step 1) in, described ocean temperature, when low water temperature season, can be furnished with heating rod, adjustment ocean temperature.

The present invention can make the culture density of the short grand wise water flea of plan reach 4,000 individuality/L.

The body length of the present invention in conjunction with copepoda and the consideration of two aspects history of life, finishing screen selects the short grand wise water flea of Small Copepods plan of a kind of body long little (being less than 700 μm), breeding fast (about 7 days cyclostages), wide temperature eurysalinity, the cultivation of appropriate experimental room, its culture density can reach 4,000 individuality/L, for the cultivation of ocean pet fish commitment provides technical support.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

The kind screened, for intending short grand wise water flea (Bestiolina similis), is under the jurisdiction of calanoida (Calanoida), intends water flea section (Paracalanidae), short Acrocalanus (Bestiolina).Under optimum condition, intend 7 days cyclostages of short grand wise water flea.The size distribution of this kind different developmental phases is: nauplius 70 ~ 260 μm, copepodid larva 350 ~ 630 μm, adult 650 ~ 700 μm.

Cultural method:

Utilize the fiberglass of 500 ~ 1000L capacity or polycarbonate resin tank in indoor cultivation, low water temperature is furnished with heating rod season.Ocean temperature is 22 ~ 28 DEG C, salinity 25 ~ 30 ‰, and illumination is 700 ~ 800 luxs, and the photoperiod is 12L:12D.Cultivate the micro-inflation of omnidistance maintenance.Mix different micro-algae of throwing something and feeding every day in incubation, feeding volume is determined according to the biomass of each short grand wise water flea of plan cultivated.Start to inoculate and mix throw something and feed Isochrysis galbana (30,000 cell/mL) and flat algae (3000 cell/mL) every day; Mid-term stage increase is thrown something and fed Ba Fuzao (40,000 cell/mL); When the culture density intending short grand wise water flea reaches 3, during 000 individuality/L, bait quantity is the twice in mid-term.In incubation, operator is according to the corresponding adjustment daily ration, feeding quantity of water colour.

In incubation, siphon every day goes out residual bait ight soil, collects a part of nauplius and the copepodid larva open-mouthed bait as marine ornamental fish simultaneously, and adds the algae needed.Continuous culture once changed water greatly after 1 month.The present invention can make the culture density of the short grand wise water flea of plan reach 4,000 individuality/L.

Claims

1. ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait intends screening and the cultural method of short grand wise water flea, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

1) prepare culture vessel, in indoor cultivation, ocean temperature is 22 ~ 28 DEG C, salinity 25 ~ 30 ‰, and illumination is 700 ~ 1000 luxs, and the photoperiod is 12L:12D, cultivates the micro-inflation of omnidistance maintenance;

2) in incubation, every day mixes different micro-algae of throwing something and feeding, and feeding volume is determined according to the biomass of each short grand wise water flea of plan cultivated, and when starting to inoculate, every day mixes throw something and feed Isochrysis galbana (30,000 cell/mL) and flat algae (3000 cell/mL); Mid-term stage increase is thrown something and fed Ba Fuzao (40,000 cell/mL); When the culture density intending short grand wise water flea reaches 3, during 000 individuality/L, bait quantity is the twice in mid-term;

4) continuous culture once changed water greatly after 1 month.

2. ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait intends the screening of short grand wise water flea and cultural method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 1), and described culture vessel can adopt the fiberglass of 500 ~ 1000L capacity or polycarbonate resin tank as culture vessel.

3. ocean fancy fishes open-mouthed bait intends the screening of short grand wise water flea and cultural method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 1), and described ocean temperature, when low water temperature season, with addition of hot pin, adjusts ocean temperature.