CN111387100B - Separation and purification and large-scale culture method for daphnia fusiforme - Google Patents
Separation and purification and large-scale culture method for daphnia fusiforme Download PDFInfo
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- CN111387100B CN111387100B CN201910866764.1A CN201910866764A CN111387100B CN 111387100 B CN111387100 B CN 111387100B CN 201910866764 A CN201910866764 A CN 201910866764A CN 111387100 B CN111387100 B CN 111387100B
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- 241000238578 Daphnia Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000238571 Cladocera Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000554265 Sphaerias Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241001494246 Daphnia magna Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001302556 Bythotrephes longimanus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000131503 Harpacticoida Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000091751 Chaetoceros muellerii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195633 Dunaliella salina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001078425 Isochrysis zhanjiangensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/20—Culture of aquatic animals of zooplankton, e.g. water fleas or Rotatoria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/90—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a separation and purification and large-scale culture method for daphnia fusiforme, which comprises the following steps: step one, acquiring copepods; step two, directionally screening copepods; and step three, expanding culture. The cultivation method improves the cultivation purity of the daphnia fusiforme, and the cultivation device is simple in structure and suitable for large-scale cultivation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for culturing water flea spiny flea, in particular to a method for separating, purifying and culturing water flea spiny flea on a large scale.
Background
Copepods are widely distributed in oceans, fresh water or brackish water, are an important component of zooplankton in water areas, and are also an important link in food nets in water areas. Because the different species of the bait are distributed in different seasons and have high nutritive value, the bait is the initial bait for the larvae when a plurality of economic animals are raised. Therefore, there is a need to develop a research on the nutrient enrichment and large-scale cultivation of copepods. Researches on the nutrition enrichment and large-scale cultivation of copepods are developed, so that not only can basic baits be provided for the research of seedling baits, but also scientific bases can be provided for the construction and utilization of fisheries based on the large-scale reproduction of copepods; for example, a "large-scale culture method of marine planktonic harpacticoida" disclosed in chinese patent literature, publication No. CN101731185A, is performed as follows: salinity of the water for culturing the daphnia magna is 20ppt, the temperature is 24 ℃, dissolved oxygen in water is more than 5mg/l, pH is 7-8, bait is at least one of Isochrysis Zhanjiangensis, Dunaliella salina and Chaetoceros muelleri, initial density of culturing the daphnia magna is 50-100 ind./l of culturing water, the supply amount of the bait is 5-10 l/d, 300l of culturing water is updated every day, and the daphnia magna is cultured until the density of the daphnia magna is at least 1500 ind./ml; harvesting 500l of harpacticoida in water every day, supplementing fresh culture water, and continuously culturing for 30-50 d, wherein the bait consumption is 10-15 l/d. The scheme can not further separate other aquatic microorganisms in the culture process, and can not realize the cultivation of the daphnia with higher purity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a separation and purification and large-scale culture method for daphnia fusiforme, aiming at overcoming the problem that the existing daphnia breeding mode can not realize breeding with higher purity for a single variety, and greatly improving the breeding purity of the daphnia fusiforme.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for separating, purifying and culturing daphnia fusiforme on a large scale comprises the following steps:
step one, obtaining copepods: in the offshore area, when the water temperature is 20 +/-1 ℃ and the transition is carried out in spring and summer, a plankton trawl net made of a 100-mesh bolting silk net is used, and copepods are harvested at the surface layer of a water body of 20-60cm and serve as a germplasm source for screening;
step two, the radial foot type directional screening: culturing copepods at 20 + -1 deg.C, 30 salinity and light intensity of 50-200 Lux for one week, raising water temperature to 25 + -1 deg.C, reducing salinity to 20, culturing for one week, and returning to initial conditions: culturing at 20 + -1 deg.C, 30 salinity and light intensity of 50-200 Lux for one week to complete one-cycle directional screening, and placing in a directional screening culture mechanism with stable conditions to obtain high-quality pure Sphaeria fusiforme: culturing at 20 + -1 deg.C, 30 salinity and light intensity of 50-200 Lux for 2 weeks to obtain a certain amount of daphnia;
step three, enlarged culture: carrying out large-scale cultivation and production on the spiny daphnia population under the optimized conditions of 20 ℃ of temperature, 30 of salinity and 80Lux of light intensity to form 100/L density spiny daphnia populations.
Preferably, the directional screening and culturing mechanism comprises an incubator containing culture solution and a screening device in the incubator, wherein the upper end of the screening device is provided with a lifting device, the lower end of the screening device is communicated with the interior of the incubator through a screen, and the screening device is internally provided with an electric heating tube heating device. In the process of cultivation, utilize the temperature of electric heat pipe firing equipment in with the sieving mechanism to transfer to the temperature that is fit for spindle water flea to grow, through the screen cloth intercommunication between incubator and the screening installation, therefore other environments of culture solution are the same. By utilizing the advantages and the harmfulness of the spiny daphnia, the spiny daphnia is gradually attracted into the screening equipment in the culture process so as to realize the enrichment of pure spiny daphnia and the isolation of other aquatic organisms.
Preferably, the upper part of the screening device is positioned above the liquid level of the culture liquid, and the electrothermal tube heating equipment is positioned in the culture liquid close to the lower end of the screening device. Half the sieving mechanism is located the liquid level of culture solution more than, and half submergence is in the culture solution, when electrothermal tube heating equipment heated the temperature in the sieving mechanism to when being higher than outside temperature, utilizes the water of hotter temperature to float the characteristic, avoids the higher water of temperature to flow out outside the sieving mechanism from the screen cloth, causes the temperature screening mechanism to become invalid. The upper cavity is used to dissipate heat so as to avoid excessive heat escaping from the screening apparatus.
Preferably, the screening device comprises a shell and an inner cavity, a water spraying pipeline connected with the water pump is arranged between the shell and the inner cavity, a water spraying opening is formed in the position, located at the lower end of the screening device, of the water spraying pipeline, and the cross section of the water spraying opening is annular. The water jet is under the effect of water pump, and the spun rivers form a water curtain, and the effect is that the higher temperature culture solution in the separation sieving mechanism flows out to the external culture solution in the effect. The water pump operates intermittently, considering that the water curtain will simultaneously prevent the water fleas from passing through the screen into the screening device.
Preferably, the lower end of the screening device is provided with a gas pipeline, one end of the gas pipeline penetrates through the lower end wall of the screening device, the other end of the gas pipeline is connected with the air pump device, and the upper end of the screening device is provided with an opening for gas circulation.
Preferably, a plurality of screening devices are arranged in the incubator. A plurality of sieving mechanism place in the incubator side by side for every sieving mechanism can all independently accomplish the screening of spindle water flea, has improved the reliability of screening.
Preferably, the screening device is of a hot-melt integrated structure. The screening device is composed of pvc materials, and a hot-melt molding process is adopted, so that a structure meeting requirements can be processed according to actual conditions, various pipelines can be conveniently arranged in the screening device, and meanwhile, the cost is reduced.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the cultivation purity of the spiny daphnia is improved; (2) the culture device has simple structure and is suitable for large-scale culture.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a screening apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. incubator 2, sieving mechanism 3, screen cloth 4, shell 5, inner chamber 6, electrothermal tube heating equipment 7, gas pipeline 8, water jet 9, opening 10, water spray pipeline.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
Examples
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the separation, purification and scale culture method of the daphnia fusiforme comprises the following steps:
step one, obtaining copepods: in the offshore area, when the water temperature is 20 +/-1 ℃ and the transition is carried out in spring and summer, a plankton trawl net made of a 100-mesh bolting silk net is used, and copepods are harvested at the surface layer of a water body of 20-60cm and serve as a germplasm source for screening;
step two, the radial foot type directional screening: culturing copepods at 20 + -1 deg.C, 30 salinity and light intensity of 50-200 Lux for one week, raising water temperature to 25 + -1 deg.C, reducing salinity to 20, culturing for one week, and returning to initial conditions: culturing at 20 + -1 deg.C, 30 salinity and light intensity of 50-200 Lux for one week to complete one-cycle directional screening, and placing in a directional screening culture mechanism with stable conditions to obtain high-quality pure Sphaeria fusiforme: culturing at 20 + -1 deg.C, 30 salinity and light intensity of 50-200 Lux for 2 weeks to obtain a certain amount of daphnia; the directional screening culture mechanism mainly comprises an incubator 1 and a plurality of screening devices 2 arranged in parallel in the incubator 1, culture solution is contained in the incubator 1, the screening devices 2 are pvc cylinders formed by hot melting, the upper ends of the screening devices 2 are exposed out of the liquid level of the culture solution, the lower ends of the screening devices 2 are immersed in the culture solution, a screen 3 is arranged on the lower end face of the screening devices 2, the screen 3 can permeate water, so that the screening devices 2 are communicated with the interior of the incubator 1, and the components of the culture solution in the screening devices 2 and the incubator 1 are the same. Because the liquid level is exposed to the upper end of the screening device 2, a section of cavity is arranged in the screening device 2, an opening 9 is formed in the upper end face of the screening device 2, and the cavity is communicated with the outside air. An electric heating tube heating device 6 is arranged at the position, close to the lower end face, of the screening device 2, a gas pipeline 7 is further arranged beside the electric heating tube heating device 6, and the gas pipeline 7 penetrates through the lower end wall of the screening device 2 and is communicated with the outside through a gas pump. Sieving mechanism 2 is being nested by shell 4 and is being formed inner chamber 5, shell 4 and inner chamber 5's upper and lower terminal surface structure as an organic whole, there is the cavity between the lateral wall, be equipped with a water spray pipe 10 in the cavity, the one end that water spray pipe 10 is close to sieving mechanism 2 lower extreme face is equipped with annular water jet 8, water jet 8 stretches out sieving mechanism 2's lower terminal surface, and 8 circumference of annular water jet set up in the cavity between shell 4 and inner chamber 5, a water pump is connected to the water spray pipe 10 other end, the water pump can follow and absorb liquid in incubator 1.
In the culture process, the electric heating tube heating equipment 6 is electrified to heat the culture solution in the screening equipment to 20 +/-1 ℃, the temperature in the screening equipment is suitable for the survival of the spiny water fleas, the spiny water fleas enter the screening equipment through the screen 3 under the influence of the biological characteristics of benefiting and avoiding harm, and the spiny water fleas are further separated from other residual aquatic organisms. In the heating process, the liquid of water pump in with incubator 1 is spout from water jet 8 in, form a water curtain around screen cloth 3, high temperature liquid that has blockked in the screening installation spreads to whole incubator 1 from screen cloth 3, thereby lead to the condition variable of temperature to disappear, the screening mechanism is inefficacy, and gas pipeline 7 is under the effect of air pump, let in gas in screening device 2, the bubble constantly passes through electrothermal tube heating apparatus 6, bring the heat that electrothermal tube heating apparatus 6 produced to the cavity of screening device 2 upper end in, avoided the too gathering of screening device 2 lower extreme heat and passed through from screen cloth 3, get into in incubator 1.
Step three, enlarged culture: carrying out large-scale cultivation and production on the spiny daphnia population under the optimized conditions of 20 ℃ of temperature, 30 of salinity and 80Lux of light intensity to form 100/L density spiny daphnia populations.
Claims (5)
1. A separation and purification and large-scale culture method for daphnia fusiforme is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, obtaining copepods: in the offshore area, when the water temperature is 20 +/-1 ℃ and the transition is carried out in spring and summer, a plankton trawl net made of a 100-mesh bolting silk net is used, and copepods are harvested at the surface layer of a water body of 20-60cm and serve as a germplasm source for screening;
step two, the radial foot type directional screening: culturing copepods at 20 + -1 deg.C, 30 salinity and light intensity of 50-200 Lux for one week, raising water temperature to 25 + -1 deg.C, reducing salinity to 20, culturing for one week, and returning to initial conditions: culturing at 20 + -1 deg.C, 30 salinity and light intensity of 50-200 Lux for one week to complete one-cycle directional screening, and placing in a directional screening culture mechanism with stable conditions to obtain high-quality pure Sphaeria fusiforme: culturing at 20 + -1 deg.C, 30 salinity and light intensity of 50-200 Lux for 2 weeks to obtain a certain amount of daphnia;
step three, enlarged culture: carrying out large-scale cultivation production on the spiny daphnia population under the optimized conditions of 20 ℃ of temperature, 30 of salinity and 80Lux of light intensity to form 100/L spiny daphnia populations;
the directional screening culture mechanism comprises an incubator containing culture solution and a screening device in the incubator, the lower end of the screening device is communicated with the interior of the incubator through a screen, and an electric heating tube heating device is arranged in the screening device; the screening device comprises a shell and an inner cavity, a water spraying pipeline connected with a water pump is arranged between the shell and the inner cavity, a water spraying opening is formed in the position, located at the lower end of the screening device, of the water spraying pipeline, and the cross section of the water spraying opening is annular; the water jet is under the effect of water pump, and the spun rivers form a water curtain, and the effect is that the higher temperature culture solution in the separation sieving mechanism flows out to the external culture solution in the effect.
2. The method for separating, purifying and culturing Spanish train according to claim 1, wherein the upper portion of the screening device is located above the surface of the culture solution, and the electrothermal tube heating apparatus is located in the culture solution near the lower end of the screening device.
3. The method for separating, purifying and culturing the water fleas on the large scale according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the screening device is provided with a gas pipeline, one end of the gas pipeline passes through the lower end wall of the screening device, the other end of the gas pipeline is connected with a gas pump device, and the upper end of the screening device is provided with an opening for flowing gas.
4. The method for separating, purifying and culturing the spiny daphnia according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of screening devices are arranged in the culture box.
5. The method for separating, purifying and culturing the spiny daphnia according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the screening device is a hot-melt integrated structure.
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| CN111802290B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-11-26 | 集美大学 | Method and device for separating and culturing pure copepods capable of freely laying eggs |
| CN115500304B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-08-22 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Separation method of hucho taimen and fierce water fleas |
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