CN104478614A - Pleurotusgeesteranus culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pleurotusgeesteranus culture medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104478614A CN104478614A CN201410814149.3A CN201410814149A CN104478614A CN 104478614 A CN104478614 A CN 104478614A CN 201410814149 A CN201410814149 A CN 201410814149A CN 104478614 A CN104478614 A CN 104478614A
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- pleurotus geesteranus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
Abstract
The invention relates to an edible fungi culture medium, in particular to aPleurotusgeesteranus culture medium and a preparation method thereof. The Pleurotusgeesteranus culture medium is prepared from a main material and an auxiliary material through mixing, wherein the main material accounts for 20-30% of the total weight of the medium, the main material is one or a combination of mulberry branches, soybean shells and corncobs, the auxiliary material comprises components in percentage by mass as follows: 25-30% of cottonseed hulls, 15-18% of wheat bran, 2-3% of lime, 10-15% of rapeseed cakes, 0.5-1% of fermented silkworm feces, 0.05-0.1% of sodium humate and the balance of granular sawdust. With the adoption of the culture medium and the preparation method thereof, the problems that Pleurotusgeesteranus culture media are higher in cost, unbalanced in nutrition, low in nutrient utilization rate and not beneficial to increase of the yield and improvement of the quality in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of edible fungus culturing matrix, especially relate to a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Pleurotus geesteranus (Pleurotus geesteranus) has another name called handle Pleurotus geesteranus, the one of flat mushroom, and taxonomy belongs to Mycophyta, Basidiomycetes, Agaricales, Pleurotaceae, pleurotus.This title of Pleurotus geesteranus derives from Taiwan, be business taste denseer a kind of Pleurotus sajor-caju.It is different from common Pleurotus sajor-caju, and its mushroom body is handsome little, the long 5-6 centimetre of handle, lid diameter < 3 centimetres, so claim elegant precious.Pleurotus geesteranus is because of pleasing, fresh and tender clear and melodious, the delicious flavour of profile, nutritious and obtain person sponging on an aristocrat's favorable comment.The nutritive value of Pleurotus geesteranus is equivalent to milk.Rich in protein in fresh mushroom, amino acid classes is more, and 8 seed amino acids of needed by human are complete.
Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation can adopt the basic raw materials such as wood chip, straw, cotton seed hulls respectively, and experiment in cultivation shows, although application Pleurotus geesteranus culture material formula can obtain higher output, cultivation period is longer, and autumn culture needs the winter crossing over low temperature, increases handling cost.And replace with the part such as straw, cotton seed hulls, can obtain same biological efficiency, and cultivation period shortens, in large-scale production, suggestion uses.But it is higher that conventional Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation matrix still has cost, nutritional imbalance, the technical barrier that the utilization ratio of nutrient is low, the Pleurotus geesteranus product of output are still undesirable mutually.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to the Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation matrix cost solving prior art higher, nutritional imbalance, the utilization ratio of nutrient is low, be unfavorable for the problem of the increase of output and the raising of quality, provide a kind of scientific formulation reasonable, cost is low, nutritive equilibrium, can improve the Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix of Pleurotus geesteranus output.
The invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix, this preparation method's processing step is simple, and workable, each component mixing uniformity is good, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix, it is characterized in that: described Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix is mixed by major ingredient and auxiliary material, major ingredient accounts for the 20-30% of matrix gross weight, major ingredient is the combination of one or more in mulberry branch, soybean peel, corn cob, auxiliary material comprises following in the component of massfraction: cotton seed hull 25-30%, wheat bran 15-18%, lime 2-3%, the young cake 10-15% of dish, 0.5 ~ 1% fermentation silkworm faeces, 0.05 ~ 0.1% Sodium salts humic acids, surplus is particle wood chaff.
The present invention according to Pleurotus geesteranus at the Nutritional selectivity of Different growth phases to cultivation matrix, grow the nutrient demand in cultivation matrix according to Pleurotus geesteranus again, optimize cultivation matrix, the present invention abandons traditional, content and the high wheat bran of cost as organic nitrogen source, replaces with the mixing organic nitrogen source of major ingredient and fermentation silkworm faeces composition.Adopt mulberry branch to instead of the wood chip of traditional large usage quantity, be to reduce costs on the one hand, on the other hand, the ventilation property of matrix can be increased.Adopt particle wood chaff, between matrix, gap is larger, and good permeability, and the usage quantity that can reduce wheat bran, be conducive to reducing costs.Cultivation medium formula of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, and cost is low, nutritive equilibrium, can improve Pleurotus geesteranus output.Experiment in cultivation proves, the combination of mulberry branch, soybean peel, corn cob can significantly improve Pleurotus geesteranus total reducing sugar and protein content, and similar with the effect of wood chip, straw, cotton seed hulls in all the other indexs.
The young cake (dregs of rice) of dish is the byproduct thing after rapeseed oil, and nutritive value is higher; Containing higher protein, amino acid composition comparatively balances, and sulfur amino acid content is high, and arginine content is lower, and lysine content is low.Crude fiber content is higher, and calcic is also higher.Phosphorus is higher than calcium, and major part is phytate phosphorus.Trace element iron content is abundanter.The content of its crude protein is 31.5%, digestible protein 25.6%, also containing the trace element such as amino acid and manganese, zinc, copper.Contriver finds in long-term mushroom is cultivated, and in the matrix of Pleurotus geesteranus growth, add the young cake of appropriate dish, the Pleurotus geesteranus surface gloss of production is fine---glossy shinny, and mushroom body consolidation, sporophore is larger.
As preferably, the particle fineness of described mulberry branch, soybean peel, corn cob, cotton seed hull and fermentation silkworm faeces is 4 ~ 6 orders.Particle fineness is for 4 ~ 6 orders are to ensure the physico-chemical structure (degree of packing, retention ability and permeability etc.) of the bacterium rod made by cultivation matrix.
As preferably, the particle diameter of described particle wood chaff is 0.5 ~ 1cm.
As preferably, described particle wood chaff is made up of Waste compost.Particle wood chaff is made up of Waste compost, is conducive to reducing costs.
A kind of preparation method of described Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix, concrete steps are: soak in water after 12 hours after each component of major ingredient mixes and take out, after pouring solid carbon dioxide divides, be mixed into the wheat bran in auxiliary material and lime, build heap fermentation after mixing, leavening temperature controls at 28-34 DEG C, pile and highly control within 1m, heap bottom width 1.8m, ferments after 4-5 days and adds component remaining in auxiliary material, pack after mixing thoroughly.Preparation method of the present invention is by mixing different components substep to ensure mixing uniformity, heap fermentation built in advance by major ingredient, can make wherein each kind of Substance Transformation become Pleurotus geesteranus grow needed for nutritive substance and element, processing step is simple, workable, each component mixing uniformity is good, can large-scale industrial production.The matrix that the present invention produces is through autoclaving, and------inoculation---bacterium---fruiting, can gather in the crops the Pleurotus geesteranus obtaining high-quality in cooling.Soak in water after each component of major ingredient mixes and can to ensure after 12 hours in the matrix after packing, containing sufficient moisture, to avoid moisture in follow-up culturing process to reduce the too fast speed of growth causing delaying bacterium mushroom.
As preferably, fermentation silkworm faeces and particle wood chaff shine 3 ~ 5 days in the sunlight in advance.Shine the effect reaching sterilization and disinfection in the sun.
As preferably, after fermentation silkworm faeces shines 3 ~ 5 days in the sunlight, pulverize and cross 4 ~ 6 mesh sieves.
Therefore, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) Nutritional selectivity of cultivation matrix and Pleurotus geesteranus are grown the nutrient demand in cultivation matrix at Different growth phases according to Pleurotus geesteranus, design is optimized to the cultivation matrix of Pleurotus geesteranus, scientific formulation is reasonable, cost is low, mutual coordinated between each component, nutritive equilibrium, can improve Pleurotus geesteranus output;
(2) preparation method of the present invention is by mixing different components substep to ensure mixing uniformity, and processing step is simple, and workable, each component mixing uniformity is good, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.Should be appreciated that enforcement of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, any pro forma accommodation make the present invention and/or change all will fall into scope.
In the present invention, if not refer in particular to, all parts, per-cent are weight unit, and the equipment adopted and raw material etc. all can be buied from market or this area is conventional.Method in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is the ordinary method of this area.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix, mixed by major ingredient and auxiliary material, major ingredient accounts for 30% of matrix gross weight.
The massfraction of major ingredient consists of mulberry branch 40%, soybean peel 20%, corn cob 40%,
The massfraction of auxiliary material consists of (adding up to 100%, lower same): cotton seed hull 25%, wheat bran 18%, lime 2%, dish young cake 15%, 0.5% fermentation silkworm faeces, 0.1% Sodium salts humic acids, and surplus is particle wood chaff.Particle wood chaff is made up of Waste compost, and particle diameter is 0.5 ~ 1cm.The particle fineness of mulberry branch, soybean peel, corn cob, cotton seed hull and fermentation silkworm faeces is 4 ~ 6 orders.
Fermentation silkworm faeces and particle wood chaff shine 3 ~ 5 days in the sunlight in advance, then pulverize and cross 4 ~ 6 mesh sieves.
Preparation method's concrete steps of above-mentioned Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix are: soak in water after 12 hours after each component of major ingredient mixes and take out, after pouring solid carbon dioxide divides, be mixed into the wheat bran in auxiliary material and lime, heap fermentation is built after mixing, leavening temperature controls at 28-34 DEG C, piles highly to control within 1m, heap bottom width 1.8m, ferment after 4 days and add component remaining in auxiliary material, pack after mixing thoroughly.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix, mixed by major ingredient and auxiliary material, major ingredient accounts for 20% of matrix gross weight,
The massfraction of major ingredient consists of mulberry branch 35%, soybean peel 35%, corn cob 30%,
The massfraction meter component of auxiliary material is: cotton seed hull 30%, wheat bran 15%, lime 2%, dish young cake 10%, 0.5% fermentation silkworm faeces, 0.1% Sodium salts humic acids, and surplus is particle wood chaff.Particle wood chaff is made up of Waste compost, and particle diameter is 0.5 ~ 1cm.
Preparation method's concrete steps of above-mentioned Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix are: soak in water after 12 hours after each component of major ingredient mixes and take out, after pouring solid carbon dioxide divides, be mixed into the wheat bran in auxiliary material and lime, heap fermentation is built after mixing, leavening temperature controls at 28-34 DEG C, piles highly to control within 1m, heap bottom width 1.8m, ferment after 5 days and add component remaining in auxiliary material, pack after mixing thoroughly.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix, mixed by major ingredient and auxiliary material, major ingredient accounts for 25% of matrix gross weight,
The massfraction of major ingredient consists of mulberry branch 30%, soybean peel 30%, corn cob 40%,
The massfraction meter component of auxiliary material is: cotton seed hull 25%, wheat bran 18%, lime 3%, dish young cake 15%, 1% fermentation silkworm faeces, 0.05% Sodium salts humic acids, and surplus is particle wood chaff.
Preparation method's concrete steps of above-mentioned Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix are: soak in water after 12 hours after each component of major ingredient mixes and take out, after pouring solid carbon dioxide divides, be mixed into the wheat bran in auxiliary material and lime, heap fermentation is built after mixing, leavening temperature controls at 28-34 DEG C, piles highly to control within 1m, heap bottom width 1.8m, ferment after 4-5 days and add component remaining in auxiliary material, pack after mixing thoroughly.
Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation matrix of the present invention and traditional Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation matrix---wood chip 60%, cotton seed hulls 15%, straw 15%, wheat bran 10% is compared, cost reduces by more than 18%, mycelia covers with the time advance more than 5 days of bacterium rod, the Pleurotus geesteranus output increased more than 14% of single bacterium rod, and biotransformation rate improves more than 12%.The Pleurotus geesteranus surface gloss of producing is fine---and glossy shinny, and mushroom body consolidation, sporophore is larger.Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation medium formula of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, and cost is low, nutritive equilibrium, can significantly improve Pleurotus geesteranus output, has good economic benefit and popularizing application prospect.
Above-described embodiment is one of the present invention preferably scheme, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention, also has other variant and remodeling under the prerequisite not exceeding the technical scheme described in claim.
Claims (7)
1. a Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix, is characterized in that: described Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix is mixed by major ingredient and auxiliary material, and major ingredient accounts for the 20-30% of matrix gross weight,
Major ingredient is the combination of one or more in mulberry branch, soybean peel, corn cob,
Auxiliary material comprises following in the component of massfraction: cotton seed hull 25-30%, wheat bran 15-18%, lime 2-3%, the young cake 10-15% of dish, 0.5 ~ 1% fermentation silkworm faeces, 0.05 ~ 0.1% Sodium salts humic acids, and surplus is particle wood chaff.
2. Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle fineness of described mulberry branch, soybean peel, corn cob, cotton seed hull and fermentation silkworm faeces is 4 ~ 6 orders.
3. Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described particle wood chaff is 0.5 ~ 1cm.
4. the Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that, described particle wood chaff is made up of Waste compost.
5. the preparation method of a Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation and production matrix as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are: soak in water after 12 hours after each component of major ingredient mixes and take out, and drench after solid carbon dioxide divides, are mixed into the wheat bran in auxiliary material and lime, heap fermentation is built after mixing, leavening temperature controls at 28-34 DEG C, piles highly to control within 1m, heap bottom width 1.8m, ferment after 4-5 days and add component remaining in auxiliary material, pack after mixing thoroughly.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, fermentation silkworm faeces and particle wood chaff shine 3 ~ 5 days in the sunlight in advance.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, after fermentation silkworm faeces shines 3 ~ 5 days in the sunlight, pulverizes and crosses 4 ~ 6 mesh sieves.
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| CN201410814149.3A CN104478614A (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2014-12-22 | Pleurotusgeesteranus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105948958A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-09-21 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Pleurotus geesteranus culture medium and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106116716A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-16 | 广西南宁北部湾现代农业有限公司 | A kind of method utilizing Mulberry bar and bagasse to produce Pleurotus geesteranus |
| CN107864795A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-03 | 罗成喜 | The compost and cultural method of a kind of elegant precious mushroom |
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Cited By (3)
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Application publication date: 20150401 |