CN104474337B - 一种含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)醇提:得醇提浓缩液;(2)水提:得水提浓缩液;(3)制粉:将醇提浓缩液和水提浓缩液合并混合后进行真空干燥,得干浸膏,将干浸膏粉碎,过目筛,得浸膏粉,然后加入绿茶提取物粉末、玉米花粉、葛根粉和调味料,混合均匀,制软材,制粒、干燥、整粒、包装,即得含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂。该冲剂携带、使用方便,拓宽了绿茶制品的使用,同时对高血压、高血脂、高血糖有预防保健作用;以药品生产标准来生产食品,保证产品质量,同时能有效的提取各组分的营养成分。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及营养保健食品领域,尤其涉及一种含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂的制备方法。
背景技术
日常保健和健康维护是重要的社会问题。现代生活节奏快,血压失调、血糖、血脂代谢紊乱常易发生于上班人群和中、老年人中。寻找方便、有效的预防保健方法是一项重要任务。服用西药成本高,只针对单一疾病,不能全面达到保健预防效果,且往往伴有不良反应。中医从整体出发,辨证论治将上述症状归纳于中满内热、血脉不通等。中医脾瘅论治对于代谢失调及血压增高有统一的认识和治疗策略。大量临床应用证实天然植物对于代谢和血压调控有良好疗效,从天然植物中寻找、开发相关食品是一种有效的选择。
绿茶,又称不发酵茶,是中国产量最多,饮用最为广泛的一种茶。其干茶色泽和冲泡后的茶汤、叶底以绿色为主调,故名绿茶。绿茶是将采摘来的鲜叶先经高温杀青,杀灭了各种氧化酶,保持了茶叶绿色,然后经揉捻、干燥而制成,清汤绿叶是绿茶品质的共同特点。绿茶在我国有悠久的饮用历史,为历代人们所喜爱,适合各年龄阶层人群,成为我国居民生活中的必需生活品,与西方国家咖啡并称世界两大饮品。咖啡已经有颗粒冲剂、粉剂、固体颗粒等多种食用型,携带、冲泡方便。将绿茶制成多种食品是市场的重要需求。
绿茶含有多种天然物质,包括茶多酚,儿茶素,叶绿素,咖啡碱,氨基酸,维生素等。这些天然营养成份有很强的抗氧化作用,对防衰老、降血脂、防癌、杀菌、消炎等具有特殊效果,是其他茶类所不及的。尤其提取得到的脂溶性茶多酚,易溶于油脂,具有强抗氧化、抗菌作用。单纯绿茶饮剂有一定效果,但是作用起效慢,不明显,需要长期大量的使用。决明子,葛根,槐花,菊花,玉米花粉属于药食两用材料,广泛应用于传统中医药和养生产品。药理学研究表明,这些成分对保护心脏功能,防止血管硬化,保护脑血管具有明显的效果。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是,克服以上背景技术中提到的不足和缺陷,提供一种具有活血通脉、解热除湿作用的含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂的制备方法,本方法制成的中成保健冲剂,既拓宽了绿茶制品的使用,也方便携带与饮用。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提出的技术方案为一种含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)醇提:将1~10重量份的菊花经挥发油提取工艺(共水蒸馏法)产生的药渣与1~50重量份的决明子混合,得混合物A,用乙醇溶液回流提取至少两次,(为了最大限度的提取决明子的有效成分,选择乙醇为溶剂进行提取。)最后的醇提液通过减压或真空浓缩至无醇味,得到醇提浓缩液,备用;
(2)水提:向上述醇提浓缩液的药渣中添加1~10质量份的槐花,得混合物B,对混合物B水提至少两次,最后的水提液通过减压或真空浓缩,得水提浓缩液,备用;
(3)制粉:将上述醇提浓缩液和水提浓缩液合并混合后进行真空干燥,得干浸膏,将干浸膏粉碎,过20~100目筛,得浸膏粉,然后加入10~80重量份绿茶提取物粉末、5~50重量份玉米花粉、1~20重量份葛根粉和调味料,混合均匀,制软材,制粒、干燥、整粒、包装,即得含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂。
所述绿茶提取物适用于现有的工艺和质量标准,该质量标准适用于以茶叶、茶鲜叶为主要原料,经提取而成,以茶多酚 、总儿茶素 ,包括儿茶素、表儿茶素、表没食子酸儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯、表没食子酸儿茶素没食子酸酯、没食子酸儿茶素没食子酸酯等6种单体为指标成分的提取物。
上述的制备方法中,优选的,对所述混合物A用乙醇回流提取的次数为两次,前后两次乙醇溶液的添加量分别为混合物A总质量的5~15倍和3~10倍,前后两次的回流提取时间分别为0.5~2h和0.5~1h。
上述的制备方法中,优选的,所述乙醇溶液的体积分数为50~90%。
上述的制备方法中,优选的,所述步骤(1)中,真空浓缩的温度为50~70℃,真空度为-0.1MPa。
上述的制备方法中,优选的,对所述混合物B的水提次数为两次,前后两次水提的加水量分别为混合物B总质量的5~10倍和3~8倍,前后两次水提的时间分别为0.5~3h和0.5~2h。
上述的制备方法中,优选的,在进行第一次水提前将所述混合物B预先浸泡0.5~1h。
上述的制备方法中,优选的,所述步骤(2)中,真空浓缩的温度为60~80℃,真空度为-0.1MPa。
上述的制备方法中,优选的,所述稠浸膏的相对密度为1.10~1.15(以水为参考)。
上述的制备方法中,优选的,所述步骤(3)中,真空干燥的温度为50~70℃,真空度为-0.1MPa,干燥时间12~24h。
上述的制备方法中,优选的,所述制粒采用12目筛,制粒后的干燥温度为50℃,整粒采用14目筛。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:本发明制成的含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂携带、使用方便,拓宽了绿茶制品的使用,同时对高血压、高血脂、高血糖有预防保健作用。本发明制备工艺独特,相比传统水煎和打粉,通过本发明的制备工艺制出的冲剂卫生质量大大提高。
本发明制成的含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂整合各成分的作用,作为休闲食品的同时,具有活血通脉,解热除湿的保健效果。绿茶苦甘性凉,可清热祛痰。如《纲目》中记载:“茶苦而寒,阴中之阴,沉也,降也,最能降火,火为百病,火降则上清矣。”现代医学认为茶能清头目,除烦渴,化痰,消食,利尿,解毒。《食疗本草》中记载:“利大肠,去热,解痰。”故本发明用绿茶即取其清热祛痰之效,又符合现代医学研究,绿茶有抑制心血管疾病、降脂助消化的功效,所以本发明中绿茶为君药。决明子归肝、大肠经,能“利五脏,除肝家热”,能清热明目,润肠通便。槐花苦,微寒,归肝、大肠经,能凉血止血,清肝泻火。且现代药理研究决明子与槐花均有改善脂质紊乱的作用,所以决明子和槐花共用为臣药,助君药清肝泻火,祛痰降脂。葛根粉辛凉,解肌退热,生津,透疹,升阳止泻,《本草汇言》中记载葛根粉“清风寒,净表邪,解肌热,止烦渴。泻胃火之药也”。所以本发明中葛根粉既可以助君药清热,又可以增强中焦运化,用为佐药。玉米花粉具有降血脂、抗衰老、抗疲劳、促进睡眠、抗心肌缺氧、改善微循环、改善高血压、增强体质等多种作用,故本发明也用玉米花粉为佐药,既降脂,又能增强免疫。菊花具有疏散风热,平肝明目,清热解毒的功效及镇静、解热作用,与绿茶搭配能促进清火的功效,用为使药。
上述药物共用,即取其传统药味清热祛痰、清肝泻火之功,又取上述药物现代研究可改善病人脂质代谢,增强免疫力之效。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明,下文将结合较佳的实施例对本发明作更全面、细致地描述,但本发明的保护范围并不限于以下具体的实施例。
除非另有定义,下文中所使用的所有专业术语与本领域技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中所使用的专业术语只是为了描述具体实施例的目的,并不是旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1:
一种本发明的含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
取以下重量份的原料:绿茶提取物20份,决明子10份,玉米花粉10份,葛根5份,槐花5份,菊花5份;
(1)醇提:将上述质量份的菊花经挥发油提取工艺(共水蒸馏法)后产生的药渣与相应份数的决明子混合,得到混合物A,用乙醇溶液回流提取两次,前后两次乙醇溶液的添加量分别为混合物A总质量的5~15倍和3~10倍,前后两次的回流提取时间分别为2h和1h,最后的醇提液通过真空浓缩至无醇味,真空浓缩的温度为50℃,真空度为-0.1MPa,得醇提浓缩液,备用;
(2)水提:向步骤(1)中醇提后的药渣中添加上述质量份的槐花,得混合物B,对混合物B水提两次,在进行第一次水提前将所述混合物B预先浸泡1h,前后两次水提的加水量分别为混合物B总质量的5~10倍和3~8倍,前后两次水提的时间分别为3h和2h,最后的水提液通过真空浓缩至稠浸膏,真空浓缩的温度为80℃,真空度为-0.1MPa,稠浸膏的密度为1.15,得水提浓缩液,备用;
(3)制粉:将步骤(1)得到的醇提浓缩液和步骤(2)得到的水提浓缩液合并混合后进行真空干燥,真空干燥的温度为70℃,真空度为-0.1Mpa,干燥时间24h,得干浸膏,将干浸膏粉碎,过100目筛,得浸膏粉,然后加入上述质量份绿茶提取物粉末、葛根粉、玉米花粉和调味料,混合均匀,制软材,12目筛制粒,50℃干燥,14目筛整粒,灭菌,检查,分装,即得颗粒,将颗粒装袋,包装,即得到含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂。
实施例2:
一种本发明的含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
取以下重量份的原料:绿茶提取物30份,决明子15份,玉米花粉15份,葛根10份,槐花5份,菊花5份;
(1)醇提:将上述质量份的菊花经挥发油提取工艺后产生的药渣与相应份数的决明子混合,得到混合物A,用乙醇溶液回流提取两次,前后两次乙醇溶液的添加量分别为混合物A总质量的5倍和3倍,前后两次的回流提取时间均为0.5h,最后的醇提液通过真空浓缩至无醇味,真空浓缩的温度为70℃,真空度为-0.1MPa,得醇提浓缩液,备用;
(2)水提:向步骤(1)中醇提后的药渣中添加上述质量份的槐花,得混合物B,对混合物B水提两次,在进行第一次水提前将所述混合物B预先浸泡0.5h,前后两次水提的加水量分别为混合物B总质量的5~10倍和3~8倍,前后两次水提的时间均为0.5h,最后的水提液通过真空浓缩至稠浸膏,真空浓缩的温度为60℃,真空度为-0.1MPa,稠浸膏的密度为1.10,得水提浓缩液,备用;
(3)制粉:将步骤(1)得到的醇提浓缩液和步骤(2)得到的水提浓缩液合并混合后进行真空干燥,真空干燥的温度为50℃,真空度为-0.1MPa,干燥时间12h,得干浸膏,将干浸膏粉碎,过60目筛,得浸膏粉,然后加入上述质量份绿茶提取物粉末、葛根粉、玉米花粉和调味料,混合均匀,制软材,12目筛制粒,50℃干燥,14目筛整粒,灭菌,检查,分装,即得颗粒,将颗粒装袋,包装,即得到含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂。
实施例3:
一种本发明的含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
取以下重量份的原料:绿茶提取物50份,决明子20份,玉米花粉20份,葛根15份,槐花10份,菊花10份;
(1)醇提:将上述质量份的菊花经挥发油提取工艺后产生的药渣与相应份数的决明子混合,得到混合物A,用乙醇溶液回流提取至少两次,最后的醇提液通过减压浓缩至无醇味,得醇提浓缩液,备用;
(2)水提:向步骤(1)中醇提后的药渣中添加上述质量份的槐花,得混合物B,对混合物B水提至少两次,最后的水提液通过减压浓缩至稠浸膏,稠浸膏的密度为1.15,得水提浓缩液,备用;
(3)制粉:将步骤(1)得到的醇提浓缩液和步骤(2)得到的水提浓缩液合并混合后进行真空干燥,真空干燥的温度为60℃,真空度为-0.1MPa,干燥时间18h,得干浸膏,将干浸膏粉碎,过20目筛,得浸膏粉,然后加入上述质量份绿茶提取物粉末、葛根粉、玉米花粉和调味料,混合均匀,制软材,12目筛制粒,50℃干燥,14目筛整粒,灭菌,检查,分装,即得颗粒,将得到的颗粒装袋,包装,即得到含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂。
营养验证
本发明以中医诊断为中满内热,血脉不通的患者为研究对象,选择中医诊断的标准是主症:眩晕,五心烦热。次症:耳鸣,腰酸,膝软,口干,健忘,失眠;舌质红,少苔,脉细数。诊断:具备以上主症,并兼有次症2项及以上者,证候诊断确立。在确诊观察对象中男性18人、女性12人,无其他严重疾病,年龄为32-63岁,平均年龄46岁,给予以上人群每天食用本发明实施例1制备得到的产品2包,每包2g,持续28天后进行疗效判断。
相关症状及分级计分标准
效应评价
主要指标:中医证候疗效;
其它指标:
(1)血脂治疗前后变化;
(2)中医证候积分及症状前后分级变化
(3)体重改善情况;
(4)病证综合疗效。
效应评价方法
主要指标疗效评价:
(1)检测值用均数±标准差进行统计描述,并作组间的差异性比较检测;
(2)中医症候积分:对症状积分用均数±标准差及均数进行描述,并对各组不同时间和积分动态变化进行描述。
次要指标疗效评价:
(1)相关症状疗效:对相关症状分析组内及组间治疗前后构成比的变化情况;对疗前异常者用均数±标准差及均数进行描述,并对各组不同时间和积分动态变化进行描述;
(2)全局性指标:按方案规定采用分级进行描述,对两组疗效进行比较,并比较两组的总显效率和总有效率。在比较时应同时考虑中心效应的影响。
根据治疗前后证候积分变化情况(疗效指数)进行中医证候改善作用的评价,疗效指数计算公式是:
显效的标准是:脉象增强,气血足,面色好,睡眠改善,疗效指数Ce≥70%;
有效的标准是:脉象较强,气血和面色都有一定程度的改善,疗效指数Ce≥30%,<70%;
无效的标准是:基本症状相比没有改善或加重,疗效指数Ce <30%。
在本试验中显效21人,显效率70%,有效6人,有效率20%,无效3人,为男士,无效率10%。以上试验结果表明本发明制备得到的产品对于中满内热,血脉不通的患者具有一定的保健作用,其可以作为保健食品辅助用于中满内热,血脉不通患者的恢复,也可以用作人们的日常保健食品。
本发明具有以下优点:
1.理论基础:基于中医脾瘅论治而开发,复方来源于临床针对高血压、高血糖、高血脂的中药复方;
2. 配方独特:以绿茶和相关食用中药材组成,功能搭配合理;
3.工艺质量保证:本发明采用水提、醇提、高温杀菌的工艺,按照药品生产标准生产食品,保证了卫生质量,同时能有效的提取各组分的营养成分;
4. 食用型优势:本发明制备得到的产品制成颗粒冲剂易于携带和服用;
5.保健功效:具有活血通脉、解热除湿作用,长期服用对高血压、高血糖、高血脂具有预防保健作用。
Claims (10)
1.一种含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)醇提:1~10重量份的菊花经挥发油提取工艺后,产生的药渣与1~50重量份的决明子混合,得混合物A,用乙醇溶液回流提取至少两次,最后的醇提液通过减压或真空浓缩至无醇味,得到醇提浓缩液,备用;
(2)水提:向上述醇提浓缩液的药渣中添加1~10质量份的槐花,得混合物B,对混合物B水提至少两次,最后的水提液通过减压或真空浓缩,得水提浓缩液,备用;
(3)制粉:将上述醇提浓缩液和上述水提浓缩液合并混合后进行真空干燥,得干浸膏,将干浸膏粉碎,过20~100目筛,得浸膏粉,然后加入10~80重量份绿茶提取物粉末、5~50重量份玉米花粉、1~20重量份葛根粉和2~5重量份调味料,混合均匀,制软材,制粒、干燥、整粒、包装,即得含绿茶提取物的中成保健冲剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,对所述混合物A用乙醇回流提取的次数为两次,前后两次乙醇溶液的添加量分别为混合物A总质量的5~15倍和3~10倍,前后两次的回流提取时间分别为0.5~2h和0.5~1h。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述乙醇溶液的体积分数为50%~90%。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,真空浓缩的温度为50~70℃,真空度为-0.1MPa。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,对所述混合物B的水提次数为两次,前后两次水提的加水量分别为混合物B总质量的5~10倍和3~8倍,前后两次水提的时间分别为0.5~3h和0.5~2h。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,在进行第一次水提前将所述混合物B预先浸泡0.5~1h。
7.根据权利要求1、5或6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中,真空浓缩的温度为60~80℃,真空度为-0.1MPa。
8.根据权利要求1、5或6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述水提浓缩液的相对密度为1.10~1.15。
9.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中,真空干燥的温度为50~70℃,真空度为-0.1MPa,干燥时间12~24h。
10.根据权利要求1或9所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制粒采用12目筛,制粒后的干燥温度为50℃,整粒采用14目筛。
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