CN104470943A - 新肽及其用途 - Google Patents
新肽及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104470943A CN104470943A CN201380035728.1A CN201380035728A CN104470943A CN 104470943 A CN104470943 A CN 104470943A CN 201380035728 A CN201380035728 A CN 201380035728A CN 104470943 A CN104470943 A CN 104470943A
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Abstract
本发明涉及新肽及其用途,更具体地,本发明针对具有抗炎效果的肽、编码所述肽的多核苷酸、用于预防或治疗炎性疾病的包含所述肽或多核苷酸的药物组合物、抗炎药物、用于预防或改善炎症的包含所述肽的非处方(OTC)药物组合物、用于缓解或改善炎症的保健食品组合物、用于预防或改善炎症的化妆品组合物、包括将所述药物组合物给药至疑似患有炎性疾病的个体的用于治疗炎性疾病的方法、用于制备所述肽的模拟物的方法和用于设计所述肽的模拟物的方法。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及新肽及其用途,更具体地,本发明针对具有抗炎效果的肽、编码所述肽的多核苷酸、用于预防或治疗炎性疾病的包含所述肽或多核苷酸的药物组合物、抗炎药物、用于预防或改善炎症的包含所述肽的非处方(OTC)药物组合物、用于缓解或改善炎症的保健食品组合物、用于预防或改善炎症的化妆品组合物、包括将所述药物组合物给药至疑似患有炎性疾病的个体的用于治疗炎性疾病的方法、用于制备所述肽的模拟物的方法和用于设计所述肽的模拟物的方法。
发明背景
炎症是在细胞或组织由任何原因受到损伤时以最小化身体反应并恢复受损区域至其原始状态的防御行为形式出现的应答。炎症引起神经、血管、淋巴管、体液和细胞中的身体反应,导致疼痛、肿胀、泛红和发热,从而诱发机体功能紊乱。引起炎症的因素包括物理原因例如损伤、冻伤、烧伤和辐射,化学原因例如化学品,例如酸等,以及免疫学原因例如抗体反应。炎症还可由血管和激素失衡引起。由外部刺激损伤的细胞分泌各种生物介质如促炎性细胞因子、趋化因子、白细胞介素和干扰素,从而引起血管舒张,而这进而增加了通透性,结果,抗体、补体、血浆和吞噬细胞在炎症部位聚集。该现象是红斑的成因。
用于除去炎症的作用于除去炎症成因并缓解机体应答和症状的药物称为抗炎药物。迄今为止,用于抗炎目的的物质包括非甾体类类型如布洛芬(ibuprofen)和消炎痛(indomethacin),以及甾体类类型如地塞米松(dexamethasone)。然而,这些物质的使用已由于安全问题而受到限制。就这一点而言,高度需要开发具有最大效果和最小副作用的安全的抗炎药物。
与炎症相关的炎性疾病包括特应症(atopy)、银屑病、皮炎、变态反应、关节炎、鼻炎、中耳炎、咽喉炎、扁桃体炎、膀胱炎、肾炎、盆腔炎性疾病、克罗恩氏病、溃疡性结肠炎、强直性脊柱炎、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、动脉硬化、哮喘、动脉粥样硬化、肿胀、类风湿性关节炎、迟发型变态反应(IV-型变态反应)、移植排斥、移植物抗宿主病、自身免疫性脑脊髓炎、多发性硬化症、炎性肠病、关节炎、囊性纤维化、糖尿病视网膜病变、鼻炎、缺血再灌注损伤、再狭窄、肾小球肾炎和胃肠过敏等。
已知炎性疾病由各种炎性因子引起。
具体地,白细胞介素-6(IL-6)与系统性红斑狼疮密切相关[Lupus.2004;13(5):339-343,Rationale for interleukin-6 blockade in systemiclupus erythematosus;J Rheumatol.2010 Jan;37(1):60-70,Interleukin 6(IL-6)deficiency delays lupus nephritis in MRL-Faslpr mice:the IL-6pathway as a new therapeutic target in treatment of autoimmune kidneydisease in systemic lupus erythematosus],白细胞介素-4(IL-4)或白细胞介素-12(IL-12)与动脉硬化相关[Am J Pathol.2003Sep;163(3):1117-1125,The role of interleukin-4 and interleukin-12 in theprogression of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice],白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-6或肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)与盆腔炎性疾病相关[ClinChem Lab Med.2008;46(11):1609-1616,Significant elevation of a Th2cytokine,interleukin-10,in pelvic inflammatory disease;Clin Chem LabMed.2008;46(7):997-1003,Plasma interleukin-1beta,-6,-8 and tumornecrosis factor-alpha as highly informative markers of pelvicinflammatory disease],IL-4或白细胞介素-5(IL-5)与哮喘相关[J AllergyClin Immunol.2001Jun;107(6):963-970,Efficacy of soluble IL-4receptor for the treatment of adults with asthma;Respir Res.2001;2(2):66-70.Epub 2001 Feb 19,Th2 cytokines and asthmaInterleukin-4:its role in the pathogenesis of asthma,and targeting it forasthma treatment with interleukin-4 receptor antagonists(Review);CurrOpin Allergy Clin Immunol.2011 Dec;11(6):565-70,Anti-interleukin-5antibody therapy in asthma and allerges.(Review)],IL-4、IL-5或IL-12与特应症或皮炎相关[J Allergy Clin Immunol.2001 Sep;108(3):417-23,Immunostimulatory DNA inhibits IL-4-dependent IgE synthesis by humanB cells;J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2007;Vol.17(1):20-26,Inhibition of Cytokine-Induced Expression of T-Cell Cytokines byAntihistamines],IL-2或白细胞介素-8(IL-8)与银屑病相关[Iranian JPubl Health,Vol.36,No.2,2007,pp.87-91,Th1/Th2 Cytokines inPsoriasis(REVIEW);Clin Exp Immunol.1995 Feb;99(2):148-54,IL-8/IL-8 receptor expression in psoriasis and the response to systemictacrolimus(FK506)therapy],IL-6、IL-12或白细胞介素-17(IL-17)与炎性肠病相关[World J Gastroenterol.2008Jul 21;14(27):4280-8,Role ofcytokines in inflammatory bowel disease.(REVIEW);Gut.2003Jan;52(1):65-70,Increased expression of interleukin 17 in inflammatorybowel disease],IL-1β与强直性脊柱炎相关[Formosan Journal ofRheumatology 2009;23:40-46,The expression of proinflammatorycytokines and intracellular minerals in patients with ankylosingspondylitis],IL-12与多发性硬化症相关[Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.1997Jan 21;94(2):599-603,Increased interleukin 12 production in progressivemultiple sclerosis:Induction by activated CD4+T cells via CD40 ligand]以及IL-2或IL-10与移植物抗宿主病相关[Curr Pharm Des.2004;10(11):1195-205,Anti-cytokine therapy for the treatment ofgraft-versus-host disease.(REVIEW);Blood.2002 Oct 1;100(7):2650-8,Cytokine and chemokine profiles in autologous graft-versus-host disease(GVHD):interleukin 10 and interferon gamma may be critical mediatorsfor the development of autologous GVHD]。基于这些发现,明显的是,炎性因子是治疗炎性疾病中重要的治疗靶分子,并且如果可减少炎性因子的分泌,则可治疗炎性疾病。
同时,类风湿性关节炎是炎性疾病的典型疾病。类风湿性关节炎为发生于多个关节的系统性炎性自身免疫病。与由单一关节摩擦损伤引起的骨关节炎不同,类风湿性关节炎伴有各种免疫应答,包括在发病期间发生的炎症反应。类风湿性关节炎的第一症状为关节内滑膜组织细胞的活化和炎性细胞的渗透和活化,导致关节内滑膜组织、软骨和骨中复杂的炎症反应。这些炎症反应引起症状诸如严重肿胀、红斑和潮热,并且当这些并发症持续时,形成关节的组织如滑膜组织、韧带、软骨、骨和其它组织将严重受损。这最终导致变形、骨折和关节功能障碍。类风湿性关节炎最常见于25至55岁的劳动年龄(productiveages),因而预期到庞大的社会和经济损失,并且患者的生活品质也预期由于由疾病引起的疼痛、疲劳和沮丧而劣化。
目前用于治疗包括类风湿性关节炎在内的多种炎性疾病的药物为甾体类抗炎药物如地塞米松、非甾体类抗炎药物如阿司匹林和消炎痛,和抗风湿药如甲氨蝶呤。然而,此类药物不治愈疾病的根源。另外,甾体类激素已大量用作关节炎用药品,但由于其副作用变得明显,其使用已受到限制。另外,由于类风湿性关节炎引起患者长期严重的疼痛,患者应服用抗炎药物,但由于许多抗炎药物具有潜在的严重副作用,对于选择和规定抗炎药物的剂量方面和使用方面应予以注意。类似的,现有的化学治疗药具有缺陷,诸如限制长期使用药物的各种副作用、缺乏抗炎效果,以及缺乏对已经发展的关节炎的治疗效果。另外,风湿性疾病的发病机理近来已在细胞或分子水平上鉴定出。因而对于其治疗,使用由重组DNA技术生产的包括可溶性受体如TNF-α、IL-1和IL-6的生物学药物作为靶向促炎性细胞因子的治疗方法已增加,代替使用经验上的抗风湿药。近来,对于治疗类风湿性关节炎,将为现有的抗风湿药的以甲氨蝶呤为代表的化学治疗药与生物学药物组合的疗法引起关注,因而生物学药物在关节炎药物市场中的重要性增加。
然而,为典型的治疗关节炎用生物学制剂的TNF-α制剂,已知增加感染的风险,特别是肺结核的风险。另外,TNF-α生物学制剂为昂贵药物,其为患者造成极大的医疗费用负担。再者,有报道称,20至30%的患者对该制剂有抵抗力,他们对治疗无响应。
因此,高度需要发现解决上述问题的方法,以及需要开发用于包括类风湿性关节炎在内的炎性疾病的具有对急性炎性症状和疼痛的治疗效果的药物。大多数目前使用的炎性疾病用药物具有一些不同严重程度的副作用。特别是对于治疗类风湿性关节炎,需要长期给药。因此,开发具有较少副作用的药物非常重要。
发明概述
发明解决的问题
于是,在开发用于治疗炎性疾病而无副作用的制剂作为已用作治疗炎性疾病用常规药品的地塞米松和甲氨蝶呤的替代物的努力下,本发明人已发现,由本发明人合成的新肽通过减少炎性细胞因子的分泌而具有优异的抗炎效果,并能够治疗动物模型的肿胀和关节炎,从而完成本发明。
用于解决问题的方案
本发明的一个目的为提供新的分离的肽。
本发明的另一目的为提供编码所述肽的多核苷酸。
本发明的另一目的为提供用于预防或治疗炎性疾病的包含所述肽或多核苷酸的药物组合物。
本发明的另一目的为提供包含所述肽或多核苷酸的抗炎药物。
本发明的另一目的为提供用于预防或改善炎症的包含所述肽的非处方(OTC)药物组合物。
本发明的另一目的为提供用于缓解或改善炎症的包含所述肽的保健食品组合物。
本发明的另一目的为提供用于预防或改善炎症的包含所述肽的化妆品组合物。
本发明的另一目的为提供用于制备所述肽的模拟物的方法。
本发明的另一目的为提供用于设计所述肽的模拟物的方法。
发明的效果
本发明的新肽或其片段为具有优异抗炎效果和较少副作用的小肽药物。因此,新肽或其片段期望代替用于炎性疾病的常规药物如地塞米松和甲氨蝶呤。因此,本发明的肽可用作治疗包括自身免疫病在内的炎性疾病的药品。另外,其可用于与缓解炎症相关的各种产品如OTC药物组合物、保健食品组合物和化妆品组合物。
附图简述
图1提供了示出试验过程和TPA诱导的耳肿胀小鼠模型试验组的示意图,进行该试验以确定本发明的肽SIS-1的抗炎效果。
图2示出TPA诱导的耳肿胀小鼠模型的照片,证明通过给药本发明的肽SIS-1,TPA诱导的小鼠耳的红斑和肿胀变化。
图3示出测量每特定区域的小鼠耳厚度和重量的图,以证实通过给药本发明的肽SIS-1,TPA诱导的耳肿胀小鼠模型的炎症缓解效果。
图4为示出试验过程和胶原诱导的关节炎小鼠模型试验组示意图,其进行确定本发明的肽SIS-1的治疗效果。
图5示出胶原诱导的关节炎小鼠模型在第二次免疫后周期性测定小鼠体重的图。
图6示出胶原诱导的关节炎小鼠模型在第二次免疫后周期性测定关节炎的发病率的图。
图7示出在第二次免疫后周期性测定关节炎进展指数和足厚度的图,通过给药根据本发明的肽SIS-1,以确定该肽对胶原诱导的关节炎小鼠模型的类风湿性关节炎的治疗效果。
图8示出在完成胶原诱导的关节炎小鼠模型试验之前足关节部右侧的照片,以确定通过给药肽SIS-1导致的其状态的变化。
图9示出在完成胶原诱导的关节炎小鼠模型试验之后,通过染色鉴定通过给药肽SIS-1导致的足关节和软骨组织破坏程度的结果。
图10示出测定通过给药肽SIS-1,胶原诱导的关节炎小鼠模型的血清中牛II型胶原特异性抗体的生产水平的图。
发明详述
作为实现上述目的的一个方面,本发明提供由SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列表示的分离的肽或其片段。
所述片段包括具有治疗或预防炎症的活性的SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的片段,而无限定。例如,该片段可为(i)6至13个连续氨基酸残基,其包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的第4至第6个氨基酸(脯氨酸-丝氨酸-脯氨酸,PSP);(ii)4至10个连续氨基酸残基,其包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的第10至第13个氨基酸(精氨酸-苏氨酸-天冬氨酸-甘氨酸,RTDG);(iii)6至10个连续氨基酸残基,其包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的第14至第16个氨基酸(精氨酸-苏氨酸-天冬氨酸,RTD);(iv)2至6个连续氨基酸残基,其包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的第12和第13个氨基酸(天冬氨酸-甘氨酸,DG);或(v)2至6个连续氨基酸残基,其包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的第7和第8个氨基酸(精氨酸-天冬氨酸,RD)。可选地,该片段可为选自SEQ ID NO:2至18的氨基酸序列之一。
优选地,所述肽具有抗炎效果,包括含有所述序列或其片段的肽,而无限定。
本发明的新肽或其片段可包括选自如下所述的SEQ ID NO:1至SEQ ID NO:18的序列中的任一种。
SIS-1:MSLPSPRDGRTDGRTDCTR(SEQ ID NO:1)
SIS-1#1:MSLPSP(SEQ ID NO:2)
SIS-1#2:RDGRTDG(SEQ ID NO:3)
SIS-1#3:RTDCTR(SEQ ID NO:4)
SIS-1#4:MSLPSPRDGRTDG(SEQ ID NO:5)
SIS-1#5:PSPRDG(SEQ ID NO:6)
SIS-1#6:PSPRDGRTDG(SEQ ID NO:7)
SIS-1#7:RTDG(SEQ ID NO:8)
SIS-1#8:RDGRTDGRTD(SEQ ID NO:9)
SIS-1#9:DGRTDG(SEQ ID NO:10)
SIS-1#10:GRTDG(SEQ ID NO:11)
SIS-1#11:TDG(SEQ ID NO:12)
SIS-1#12:DG(SEQ ID NO:13)
SIS-1#13:RD(SEQ ID NO:14)
SIS-1#14:RDG(SEQ ID NO:15)
SIS-1#15:RDGR(SEQ ID NO:16)
SIS-1#16:RDGRT(SEQ ID NO:17)
SIS-1#17:RDGRTD(SEQ ID NO:18)
本文提及的氨基酸根据IUPAC-IUB命名法写作缩略如下。
丙氨酸A 精氨酸R
天冬酰胺N 天冬氨酸D
半胱氨酸C 谷氨酸E
谷氨酰胺Q 甘氨酸G
组氨酸H 异亮氨酸I
亮氨酸L 赖氨酸K
甲硫氨酸M 苯丙氨酸F
脯氨酸P 丝氨酸S
苏氨酸T 色氨酸W
酪氨酸Y 缬氨酸V
如本文所述,术语“肽或其片段”是指由通过酰胺键(或肽键)连接的2个或更多个氨基酸构成的聚合物。出于本发明的目的,其是指表现抗炎效果的肽或其片段。
本发明的肽或其片段可包括靶向序列、标签、标记残基和为增加肽的半衰期或稳定性的特殊目的而设计的另外的氨基酸序列。
本发明的肽或其片段可通过本领域公知的各种方法获得。具体地,其可通过基因重组和蛋白质表达体系来制备,或者可通过借助化学合成如肽合成和无细胞蛋白质合成的体外合成来制备。
更具体地,肽或其片段可通过本领域公知的方法例如,自动肽合成仪或基因操作技术合成,但不限于此。例如,期望的肽可通过下述方法来产生:借助基因操作制备编码由融合伴侣和本发明的肽组成的融合蛋白的融合基因;用该融合基因转染宿主微生物;以融合蛋白的形式在宿主微生物中表达该融合基因;和通过使用蛋白酶或化合物从融合蛋白中裂解并分离本发明的肽。对于该方法,编码可被蛋白酶如Factor Xa或肠激酶或者化合物如CNBr或羟胺裂解的氨基酸残基的DNA序列可插入融合伴侣与本发明肽的基因之间。
根据本发明的一个实例,本发明人已鉴定了18种肽有效减少活化B细胞中炎性细胞因子IL-1A、IL-1B、IL-2、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12A、IL-13、IL-17A、GM-CSF或IL-34的分泌(表2)。接着他们已发现这些肽中的代表性肽,SEQ ID NO:1的SIS-1,缓解耳肿胀小鼠模型的肿胀(图2和3),并且还缓解胶原诱导的关节炎的小鼠模型的关节炎(图5至10),从而证实所述肽具有抗炎效果。再者,本发明人首次分离并鉴定具有此类抗炎效果的肽。
作为另一方面,本发明提供编码所述肽或其片段的多核苷酸。
如本文所述,出于描述多核苷酸的目的,术语“同源性”表示序列与野生型氨基酸序列和野生型核苷酸序列的相似性程度。同源序列包括可与编码肽的多核苷酸序列75%以上、优选85%以上、更优选90%以上、最优选95%以上相同的基因序列。同源性的比较利用裸眼或容易获得的比较程序来完成。商购可得的计算机程序可计算两个以上的序列之间的同源性,以百分比(%)计。同源性(%)可计算邻接序列。肽可通过将编码肽的多核苷酸插入载体并将其表达来大量产生。
作为另一方面,本发明提供用于预防或治疗炎性疾病的包含所述肽或其片段或所述多核苷酸的药物组合物。
本发明的组合物可通过抑制已知为炎性疾病治疗靶标的为炎性细胞因子的IL-1A、IL-1B、IL-2、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12A、IL-13、IL-17A、GM-CSF或IL-34的分泌来显示预防或治疗炎性疾病的效果。在本发明的一个实例中,鉴定了18种本发明的肽有效减少IL-1A、IL-1B、IL-2、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12A、IL-13、IL-17A、GM-CSF或IL-34的分泌(表2),并且还缓解肿胀的动物模型的为典型炎性疾病的肿胀(图2和3),从而证实本发明的肽可通过缓解急性动物模型的炎症来治疗炎性疾病。此外,证实胶原诱导的关节炎模型的关节炎的症状通过本发明的肽的治疗得到缓解(图5至8)。在组织学分析中,试验模型的状态维持与正常小鼠类似(图9),且自身抗体的效价在血清学上减少(图10),表明肽可有效治疗炎性疾病中的自身免疫病。因此,证实本发明的肽可用作用于预防或治疗炎性疾病的药物组合物。
如本文所使用的,术语“炎性疾病”为原发性损害为炎症的疾病的遗传术语,且可优选为特应症、银屑病、皮炎、变态反应、关节炎、鼻炎、中耳炎、咽喉炎、扁桃体炎、膀胱炎、肾炎、盆腔炎性疾病、克罗恩氏病、溃疡性结肠炎、强直性脊柱炎、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、动脉硬化、哮喘、动脉粥样硬化、肿胀、类风湿性关节炎、迟发型变态反应(IV-型变态反应)、移植排斥、移植物抗宿主病、自身免疫性脑脊髓炎、多发性硬化症、炎性肠病、囊性纤维化、糖尿病视网膜病变、缺血再灌注损伤、再狭窄、肾小球肾炎或胃肠过敏,且可更优选肿胀、类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、动脉硬化、盆腔炎性疾病、哮喘、特应症、皮炎、银屑病、胃肠过敏、强直性脊柱炎、多发性硬化症或移植物抗宿主病,但不限于此。
如本文所述,术语“预防”是指通过给药组合物来抑制或延迟炎性疾病发病的任何操作,术语“治疗”是指通过给药组合物来缓解或改善炎性疾病症状的任何操作。
本发明的药物组合物可包含药学可接受载体、赋形剂或稀释剂。如本文所述,术语“药学可接受载体”是指足以显示治疗效果的量和不引起副作用的性质,其可由本领域技术人员基于医学领域公知的因素如疾病类型,患者的年龄、体重、健康状况、性别和对药物的敏感性,给药途径,给药方法,给药次数,治疗持续时间,组合,或并用药物的种类来容易地确定。
可用于本发明的一种载体包括缓慢代谢的大分子,如脂质体、多糖、聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚氨基酸(polymeric amino acids)和氨基酸共聚物。例如,可使用药学可接受盐,包括无机酸如盐酸、氢溴酸、磷酸和硫酸的盐,和有机酸的盐如乙酸盐、丙酸盐、丙二酸盐和苯甲酸盐;液体,包括水、盐水、甘油和乙醇;和增补性物质,包括可湿性粉剂、乳剂或pH缓冲液。药学可接受载体的信息公开于文献中[Remingtion's Pharmaceutical Sciences,Mack Publishing Company,1991]。包括药学可接受载体的组合物可在各种制剂如口服或肠道外制剂中。当配制组合物时,其可通过使用常规使用的稀释剂如填料、填充剂、粘结剂、湿润剂、崩解剂和表面活性剂或赋形剂来制备。口服给药用固体制剂可包括片剂、丸剂、粉剂、颗粒剂和胶囊剂。这些固体制剂可通过混合一种或多种化合物与至少一种赋形剂如淀粉、碳酸钙、蔗糖或乳糖和明胶来制备。再者,除了单一赋形剂以外,可使用润滑剂如硬脂酸镁和滑石。口服用液体制剂包括悬浮剂、液体剂、乳剂和浆剂,并且除了常用的单一稀释剂如水和液体石蜡以外,可包括各种赋形剂,例如湿润剂、甜味剂、风味剂和防腐剂。肠道外给药用制剂可包括无菌水溶液、非水溶剂、悬浮剂、乳剂、冻干剂和栓剂。非水溶剂和悬浮溶剂可为植物油如丙二醇、聚乙二醇和橄榄油;和可注射酯类如油酸乙酯。作为栓剂用基料,可使用witepsol、聚乙二醇(macrogol)、吐温61、可可脂、laurinum和甘油明胶(glycerogelatin)。
另外,本发明的药物组合物可以为选自片剂、丸剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、悬浮剂、液体、乳液、浆剂、无菌水溶液、非水溶剂、悬浮剂、乳剂、冻干剂和栓剂的任一种制剂。
另外,本发明的药物组合物可根据制药领域的常规方法通过将其配制成用于肽药物给药的单位计量形式借助口服途径或肠道外途径给药,所述口服途径或肠道外途径例如皮肤、静脉、肌内、动脉内、髓内、鞘内、心室内、肺部、经皮、皮下、腹内、鼻内、饮食内(intra-alimentary)、局部、舌下、阴道或直肠途径,使用本领域常规方法,但不限于此。
再者,肽可与各种药学可接受载体如盐水或有机溶剂组合。糖类如葡萄糖、蔗糖或右旋糖;抗氧化剂如抗坏血酸或谷胱甘肽;螯合剂;低分子量蛋白;或其它稳定剂可用作药物以便增加肽的稳定性和吸收。
总有效量的本发明组合物可以以单一剂量或以多剂量长期通过分级的治疗方案给药至患者。本发明的药物组合物可根据疾病的严重程度具有不同含量的活性成分。本发明肽的期望总量可优选为每天每1kg患者体重约0.0001μg至500mg,最优选0.01μg至100mg。然而,用于患者的肽的有效剂量不仅通过考虑药物组合物的给药途径和治疗次数决定,而且还通过考虑许多其它因素如年龄、体重、健康状况和患者性别、疾病严重程度、饮食和排泄率来决定。因此,通过考虑这些,本领域普通技术人员将能够决定本发明组合物针对其特殊用途的适当的有效剂量。根据本发明的药物组合物的制剂类型、给药途径和给药方法不具有任何限定,只要显示本发明效果即可。
作为另一方面,本发明提供包含所述肽或其片段、或所述多核苷酸的抗炎药物。
作为另一方面,本发明提供用于预防或改善炎症的包含所述肽或其片段的非处方(OTC)药物组合物。
具体地,出于预防或治疗炎性疾病的目的,可将本发明的组合物加入OTC药物组合物。
如本文所述,术语“非处方(OTC)药物”是指下列之一:用于治疗、缓解、除去或预防人类或动物疾病的纺织品或橡胶品等;弱或间接作用于人体的既不是装置也不是仪器等的产品;用于灭菌和杀虫等来预防感染的制剂。即,OTC药物是指用于诊断、治疗、缓解、除去或预防人类或动物疾病目的的产品,不包括装置、仪器和设备;以及用于为人类或动物的结构或功能提供药理作用目的的产品,不包括装置、仪器和设备。
当本发明的肽作为添加剂用于OTC药物时,可将肽本身加入OTC药物或与其它OTC药物或OTC药物成分一起使用。本发明的肽可根据常规方法适当使用。要添加的活性成分的量可根据使用目的适当决定。
本发明的OTC药物组合物可优选为,但不限于,消毒剂、沐浴露、漱口剂、擦拭巾、清洁剂、洗手液、加湿填料、口罩、药膏或滤器填料。
作为另一方面,本发明提供用于缓解或改善炎症的包含所述肽或其片段的保健食品组合物。
更具体地,本发明的肽或其片段可加入保健食品组合物用于预防或改善炎性疾病。
当本发明的肽或其片段用作保健食品的添加剂时,可将肽本身加入保健食品或与其它保健食品或保健食品成分一起使用。本发明的肽可根据常规方法适当使用。要添加的活性成分的量可根据使用目的适当决定。
本发明的保健食品的类型不特别限定。肽可加入其中的保健食品的实例包括肉、香肠、面包、巧克力、糖果、小吃、甜品、披萨、拉面和其它面条、口香糖,包括冰淇淋等的乳制品、各种汤、饮品、茶、饮料、酒精饮料、和维生素复合物,包括任何类型的一般含义的保健食品。保健食品还可包括动物饲料。
除上述以外,本发明的保健食品组合物可包括各种营养增补剂、维生素、电解质、风味剂、着色剂、果胶酸和其盐、海藻酸和其盐、有机酸、防护性胶质增稠剂(protective colloidal thickeners)、pH调整剂、稳定剂、防腐剂、甘油、醇类、用于软饮料的碳化剂。另外,保健食品组合物可包括用于制备天然果汁的果肉、果汁饮料和蔬菜饮料。
作为另一方面,本发明提供用于预防或改善炎症的包含所述肽或其片段的化妆品组合物。
具体地,本发明的肽或其片段可加入化妆品组合物用于预防或改善炎症。
本发明的化妆品组合物可制备为典型的乳化或增溶性制剂。一类乳化制剂包括营养化妆水、霜和精华,增溶性制剂可为软化化妆水。化妆品组合物的适当制剂可为,但不限于,溶液、凝胶、固体或膏状无水产品、通过将油相分散于水相获得的乳液、悬浮液、微乳液、微囊、微粒细胞或离子型(脂质体)、仿生小泡分散液、霜、化妆水、乳液、粉、膏剂、喷雾剂或遮瑕贴(concealed stick)。另外,化妆品组合物可为包括多种压缩推进剂的泡沫或气溶胶组合物的形式。
化妆品组合物可另外包括脂肪物质、有机溶剂、增溶剂、增稠剂和胶凝剂、软化剂、抗氧化剂、悬浮剂、稳定剂、发泡剂、芳香剂、表面活性剂、水、离子或非离子乳化剂、填料、螯合剂、络合剂、防腐剂、维生素、封闭剂、湿润剂、香精油、染料、颜料、亲水或亲脂性活化剂、脂囊泡,或常用于化妆品组合物的包括常规使用的补充剂的任何其它成分。
作为另一方面,本发明提供用于治疗炎性疾病的方法,包括将本发明的包含所述肽或其片段、或多核苷酸的药物组合物给药至疑似患有炎性疾病的个体。
本发明中,疑似患有炎性疾病的个体是指其中炎性疾病已发生或可能发生的包括人、小鼠和牲畜的哺乳动物,但其包括可通过本发明的肽治疗的任何类型的个体,而无限定。可通过将包含本发明的肽的药物组合物给药至疑似患有炎性疾病的个体来有效治疗个体。炎性疾病与上述相同。
如本文所使用的,术语“给药”是指将本发明的药物组合物通过任何适当的方法导入疑似患有炎性疾病的个体,并且所述组合物可通过包括口服或肠道外给药等各种途径给药,只要其可递送至靶组织即可。
本发明的治疗方法可包括给药药学有效量的包含所述肽的药物组合物。适当的每天总剂量可由医生根据适当的医学判断来决定。再者,所述组合物可以以单一剂量或几个多剂量给药。然而,出于本发明的目的,优选特定患者的治疗有效量由各种因素决定,包括要实现的应答类型和程度,不同情况用特定组合物,患者的年龄、体重、一般健康状况和性别,饮食,给药持续时间,给药途径和组合物的排泄率,治疗持续时间,与特定组合物一起使用或同时使用的药物类型,以及医学领域公知的其它类似因素。
作为另一方面,本发明提供用于制备所述肽的模拟物的方法。
具体地,用于制备肽模拟物的方法可包括由肽或其片段设计具有抗炎活性的所述肽的模拟物;和合成所设计的肽模拟物。
如本文所述,术语“肽模拟物(mimetic of peptide)”或“肽模拟物(peptidomimetic)”是指基于氨基酸被其模拟物取代不显著影响蛋白质的活性这一事实,可模拟蛋白质中固有起源氨基酸的化合物。因此,其可指取代或修饰氨基酸残基或肽键的化合物。包含肽模拟物的蛋白质与天然蛋白质相比通常对蛋白酶是较差底物,并将具有比天然蛋白质更长的体内活性。
肽模拟物可例如通过使用计算机分子模型来设计。具体而言,肽模拟物可设计为包含这样的结构:其具有的一个或多个肽键被选自以下的结合位点取代:-CH2NH-、-CH2S-、-CH2-CH2-、-CH=CH-(顺式和反式)、-CH-CF-(反式)、CoCH2-、-CH(OH)CH2-和-CH2SO-,取决于本领域已知的方法进行的情况。优选地,肽模拟物具有改进的化学稳定性、增强的药理性质(即,半衰期、吸收、效价、功效等)、改进的特异性(例如,广谱生物学活性),以及减少的抗原性。再者,模拟物可以较低廉的成本制备。优选地,借助定量结构-活性数据和/或分子建模,肽模拟物可包括与一种或多种标记物或接合子在期望的类似物上的一个(或多个)非干扰位点中直接或通过间隔子(如酰胺键)的共价结合。通常,非干扰位点为肽模拟物不与特定的一种(或多种)受体直接形成结合位点的位点,从而产生治疗效果。另外,可通过用同一类型的D-氨基酸系统取代共有序列的一个或多个氨基酸(例如,D-赖氨酸代替L-赖氨酸)来制备具有期望的抗炎效果的更稳定的肽。
本领域技术人员将理解的是,设计和制备包含肽模拟物的蛋白质不需要过度实验。例如,人们可参考文献Ripka等人,Kieber-Emmons等人,或Sanderson[Curr.Opin.Chem.Biol.(1998)2,441-452;Curr.Opin,Biotechnol.(1997)8,435-441;Med.Res.Rev.(1999)19179-197]。
作为另一方面,本发明提供用于设计肽模拟物的方法。
实施例
下文中,通过提供下述实施例而更详细地描述本发明。然而,这些实施例仅意欲说明,而决不限定所要求保护的发明。
实施例1:肽的制备
通过使用自动肽合成仪(Milligen 9050,Millipore,USA)来合成具有表1所示氨基酸序列的肽,使用C18反相高效液相色谱(HPLC,Waters Associates,USA)分离纯化合成的肽。ACQUITY UPLC BEH300C18(2.1×100mm,1.7μm,Waters Co,USA)用作柱。
表1
[表1]
序列编号 | 肽名称 | 肽的序列 |
1 | SIS-1 | MSLPSPRDGRTDGRTDCTR |
2 | SIS-1#1 | MSLPSP |
3 | SIS-1#2 | RDGRTDG |
4 | SIS-1#3 | RTDCTR |
5 | SIS-1#4 | MSLPSPRDGRTDG |
6 | SIS-1#5 | PSPRDG |
7 | SIS-1#6 | PSPRDGRTDG |
8 | SIS-1#7 | RTDG |
9 | SIS-1#8 | RDGRTDGRTD |
10 | SIS-1#9 | DGRTDG |
11 | SIS-1#10 | GRTDG |
12 | SIS-1#11 | TDG |
13 | SIS-1#12 | DG |
14 | SIS-1#13 | RD |
15 | SIS-1#14 | RDG |
16 | SIS-1#15 | RDGR |
17 | SIS-1#16 | RDGRT |
18 | SIS-1#17 | RDGRTD |
实施例2:活化B细胞中炎性细胞因子分泌减少的分析。
为了确定实施例1中合成的新肽用于减少炎性细胞因子分泌的活性,用18种合成的新肽分别处理活化病原B细胞并监测炎性细胞因子从B细胞分泌的减少。
具体地,为了确定新肽是否能够减弱参与疾病症状发展的病原B细胞,使用与类风湿性关节炎的关节渗透性B细胞类似的体外B细胞模型。通过用抗CD150抗体刺激艾伯斯坦-巴尔病毒(Ebstein Barr virus,EBV)-感染的B细胞来产生活化病原B细胞,并且用100ng/ml的18种新肽分别处理细胞。
为了证实18种新肽在减少炎性细胞因子中的效果,测量从活化B细胞中分泌的各种细胞因子(IL-1A、IL-1B、IL-2、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12A、IL-13、IL-17A、GM-CSF、IL-34)的分泌量。用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)分析B细胞培养物的上清液,并测量显色试剂的吸光度之差(450nm-570nm)作为试验结果。基于测量的显色试剂的吸光度之差(450nm-570nm),当用18种新细胞因子处理时分泌的细胞因子的吸光度以百分比计算,同时将对应于从抗CD150刺激的活化B细胞分泌的细胞因子的吸光度设定为100%。细胞因子减少的百分比示于表2。
表2
[表2]
结果,观察到在抗-CD150抗体(EBVt-B/抗-CD150)刺激的活化B细胞中增加的各种炎性细胞因子的分泌在用18种新肽处理的试验组(EBVt-B/抗-CD150/SIS-1和18种肽)中有效地减少(表2)。
这些结果支持本发明的新肽有效地减少炎性细胞因子的分泌,从而治疗炎性疾病。
实施例3:使用TPA诱导的耳肿胀小鼠模型的缓解炎症的效果的
分析
本发明人证实了,本发明的肽缓解体内炎症是有效的,连同如实施例2中证实的减少炎性细胞因子的分泌。具体而言,为了鉴定肽SIS-1的抗炎效果,肽SIS-1为实施例1中制备的18种新肽的代表肽,本发明人使用评价小鼠耳肿胀的方法,其中12-O-十四烷酰佛波醇-13-乙酸酯(TPA)如文献中所描述的诱导急性炎症(Eur J Pharmacol.2011:15;672(1-3):175-179)。
3-1.TPA诱导的耳肿胀小鼠模型的制备和新肽向其给药
TPA诱导的耳肿胀小鼠模型为可观察到由急性炎症引起的红斑和肿胀的动物模型,其通过下列方法制备。详细的试验方法和试验组示于图1。5周龄ICR小鼠(57BL/6,雄性,中心实验室动物,Korea)24只小鼠分成每组6只,且它们两耳的毛发在施用样品前除去。通过在右耳施用2.5μg丙酮TPA诱导肿胀,通过在左耳施用载体用作对照,用于检测炎症诱导程度。药物在施用TPA后0.5小时至3小时给药两次。腹腔内注射新肽SIS-1和对照药物,甲氨蝶呤(MTX)和地塞米松(DEX)。对照组用磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)处理。
3-2.强化度测量
通过观察与注射有载体的对照组相比肿胀抑制程度来确定肽SIS-1的抗炎效果。TPA施用6小时后,拍摄两耳的照片以确定耳肿胀程度,通过测量每特定耳区域的厚度和重量来确定炎症缓解的程度。
结果,观察到由TPA施用增加的红斑在用肽SIS-1处理的组中减少,并显示与MTX和DEX(对照药物)相比类似水平的抗炎效果(图2)。另外,在由TPA引起的肿胀增加耳厚度和重量时,新肽SIS-1显著抑制了炎症反应(图3)。
这些结果表明,本发明的新肽可缓解急性动物模型的炎症,从而治疗炎症疾病。
实施例4:使用胶原诱导的关节炎小鼠模型分析新肽对于类风湿
性关节炎的治疗效果
为了研究肽SIS-1(实施例1中制备的18种新肽的代表肽)对典型的自身免疫病关节炎的治疗效果,使用文献的胶原诱导的关节炎小鼠模型(Nature,283,pp666-668,1980;Arthritis Rheum,46,pp793-801,2002)进行实验。
4-1.胶原诱导的关节炎小鼠模型的制备和新肽向其给药
胶原诱导的关节炎(CIA)为患有具有与人类风湿性关节炎类似特征的自身免疫病类型关节炎的模型,其通过下列方法制备。
详细的试验方法和试验组示于图4,通过将100μg牛II型胶原(Chondrex4,United States)与弗氏完全佐剂(Chondrex,USA)混合来将其乳化,并通过在尾区皮内注射乳化胶原溶液来免疫7周龄DBA/1小鼠(C57BL/6,雄性,中心实验室动物,Korea)。在第一次免疫14天时,将50μg牛II型胶原(Chondrex4,United States)与弗氏完全佐剂(Chondrex,USA)混合来将其乳化,并通过在尾区皮内注射其来诱导二次免疫(加强)应答。
在诱导二次免疫应答的第二天起每周三次腹腔内注射新肽SIS-1和对照药物地塞米松(DEX),对照组(CIA)用PBS处理。
4-2.关节炎强化程度的评定
为了监测关节炎的发展,使用环柄测厚仪(loop handle thicknessgauge)(Mitutoyo)测量足厚度,同时观察重量变化和发病水平。另外,由两名不了解实验内容的观察者每周三次评价关节炎症的严重程度。通过根据下列基于Rossoliniec等人的关节炎进展指数的标准添加每只小鼠四条腿的分数,然后通过取两名观察者测量的值的平均值来进行关节炎的评价。评价关节炎的分数和标准如下:
0分:没有肿胀或膨胀
1分:轻微肿胀和泛红,仅限于足或踝关节
2分:轻微肿胀和泛红,踝关节直至跖骨
3分:中度肿胀和泛红,踝关节直至跖骨
4分:肿胀和泛红,遍布整腿,和屈挠不能(acampsia)外观
最大关节炎指数为每腿4分,每只小鼠的最大疾病指数为16。
结果,与正常小鼠组(正常)相比,在患有由CIA-诱导引起的关节炎的CIA组观察到体重的轻微降低(图5)。这似乎是疾病发病引起的自然体重损失。然而,在用新肽SIS-1处理的组中,小鼠体重维持与正常组类似,这是由于症状缓解引起的(图5)。因此,通过有效缓解体重损失而证实本发明的肽能够治疗关节炎。
另外,为了测量二次免疫后关节炎的发病率(图6),当即使小鼠的一只脚出现症状,认为小鼠确定为患关节炎。在CIA组中,发现在免疫后大约44天100%诱导关节炎。另一方面,在用新肽SIS-1处理的试验组中,仅在试验结束时诱导了87.5%关节炎,且疾病症状发现延迟(图6)。再者,鉴定出与CIA组相比,用新肽SIS-1的处理显著减少了关节炎进展指数以及踝关节的膨胀(图7和9)。
4-3.组织学分析
为了确定关节软骨的损伤,在试验完成后进行组织学检测。在动物模型试验第9周时,在处死试验动物后,将小鼠后部的后腿在除去骨中的钙化合物后用10%福尔马林固定并用石蜡包覆。准备关节部分并用苏木精和伊红染色。
结果,在CIA组的关节中,与正常组相比,观察到许多免疫细胞的渗透物,还观察到血管翳(pannus)形成、软骨破坏和骨坏死。另一方面,用新肽SIS-1处理的小鼠中关节和软骨的破坏保持与正常小鼠类似的水平(图9)。
4-4.血清学分析(胶原特异性抗体的测量)
为了确定新肽SIS-1对关节炎的治疗效果,进行酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)以用血清学试验测量牛II型胶原特异性抗体。如文献中所提及的,IgG抗体,已知为类风湿因子(RF),或IgG亚型(IgG1和IgG2a)与IgM自身抗体已知形成免疫复合物,引起炎症,并发展类风湿性关节炎病变(Journal of Ethnopharmacology 112(2007)408)。
在以1:25000(IgG)或1:10000(IgG1,IgG2a,IgM)的比例稀释各试验组的血清后,测量II型胶原特异性血清自身抗体的效价。
结果,在患有由CIA-诱导引起的关节炎的CIA组的血清中,观察到所有自身抗体的水平显著增加。相反,在用新肽SIS-1处理的小鼠组中,生成显著降低40至50%,其鉴定为与用对照药物DEX处理的组相比同样有效或比其优异(图10)。
这些结果表明,本发明的肽提供在具有自身免疫病的动物模型中的有效治疗,因而可有效地治疗或预防炎性疾病,特别是自身免疫病。
从上述说明,本领域技术人员将理解,本发明可在其它实施方案中进行而不改变技术原理或基本特征。就这一点而言,从各方面来看,上述实施例必须理解为说明性的,而不理解为限定性的。本发明的范围应理解为包括源自权利要求的含义、范围和等同概念的任何改变或修改,而不是上述详细说明。
Claims (15)
1.由SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列表示的分离的肽,或其片段。
2.如权利要求1所述的分离的肽或其片段,其中所述片段包括:
(i)6至13个连续氨基酸残基,其包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的第4至第6个氨基酸(脯氨酸-丝氨酸-脯氨酸,PSP);
(ii)4至10个连续氨基酸残基,其包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的第10至第13个氨基酸(精氨酸-苏氨酸-天冬氨酸-甘氨酸,RTDG);
(iii)6至10个连续氨基酸残基,其包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的第14至第16个氨基酸(精氨酸-苏氨酸-天冬氨酸,RTD);
(iv)2至6个连续氨基酸残基,其包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的第12和第13个氨基酸(天冬氨酸-甘氨酸,DG);或
(v)2至6个连续氨基酸残基,其包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的第7和第8个氨基酸(精氨酸-天冬氨酸,RD)。
3.如权利要求2所述的分离的肽或其片段,其中所述片段为选自SEQ ID NO:2至18的氨基酸序列中的任一个。
4.如权利要求1所述的分离的肽或其片段,其中所述肽或其片段具有抗炎效果。
5.多核苷酸,其编码权利要求1所述的肽或其片段。
6.用于预防或治疗炎性疾病的药物组合物,其包含权利要求1至4中任一项所述的肽或其片段或者权利要求5所述的多核苷酸。
7.如权利要求6所述的组合物,其还包含药学上可接受载体。
8.如权利要求6所述的组合物,其中所述炎性疾病选自:特应症、银屑病、皮炎、变态反应、关节炎、鼻炎、中耳炎、咽喉炎、扁桃体炎、膀胱炎、肾炎、盆腔炎性疾病、克罗恩氏病、溃疡性结肠炎、强直性脊柱炎、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、动脉硬化、哮喘、动脉粥样硬化、肿胀、类风湿性关节炎、迟发型变态反应(IV-型变态反应)、移植排斥、移植物抗宿主病、自身免疫性脑脊髓炎、多发性硬化症、炎性肠病、囊性纤维化、糖尿病视网膜病变、缺血再灌注损伤、再狭窄、肾小球肾炎和胃肠过敏。
9.抗炎药物,其包含权利要求1至4中任一项所述的肽或其片段或者权利要求5所述的多核苷酸。
10.用于预防或改善炎症的非处方(OTC)药物组合物,其包含权利要求1至4中任一项所述的肽或其片段。
11.用于缓解或改善炎症的保健食品组合物,其包含权利要求1至4中任一项所述的肽或其片段。
12.用于预防或缓解炎症的化妆品组合物,其包含权利要求1至4中任一项所述的肽或其片段。
13.用于治疗炎性疾病的方法,其包括将权利要求6所述的组合物给予疑似患有炎性疾病的个体。
14.用于制备权利要求1至4中任一项所述的肽的模拟物的方法,其包括基于权利要求1至4中任一项所述的肽或其片段设计具有抗炎活性的肽模拟物;和
合成设计的肽模拟物。
15.从权利要求1至4中任一项所述的肽或其片段设计具有抗炎活性的肽模拟物的方法。
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CN116327971A (zh) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-06-27 | 暨南大学附属第一医院(广州华侨医院) | 一种靶向cd74+促炎型巨噬细胞的药物载体及其制备方法和应用 |
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CN117624309B (zh) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-08-16 | 湖南中晟全肽生物科技股份有限公司 | 自身炎症性疾病相关的抑制剂类多肽化合物及其应用 |
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EP2870170A4 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
KR101510941B1 (ko) | 2015-04-10 |
JP2015522586A (ja) | 2015-08-06 |
WO2014007547A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
US9403874B2 (en) | 2016-08-02 |
EP2870170B1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
US20150175662A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
KR20140005110A (ko) | 2014-01-14 |
JP6148336B2 (ja) | 2017-06-14 |
EP2870170A1 (en) | 2015-05-13 |
CN104470943B (zh) | 2017-07-14 |
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