CN104459118B - 一种古代丝织品双抗夹心法检测试纸的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种古代丝织品双抗夹心法检测试纸的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104459118B
CN104459118B CN201410848069.XA CN201410848069A CN104459118B CN 104459118 B CN104459118 B CN 104459118B CN 201410848069 A CN201410848069 A CN 201410848069A CN 104459118 B CN104459118 B CN 104459118B
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刘苗苗
刘意
胡智文
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种古代丝织品双抗夹心法检测试纸的制备方法,采用免疫胶体金层析技术的原理来检测古代墓葬中丝织品的痕迹,即将胶体金标记的兔抗丝素蛋白抗体溶解在胶体金结合垫上,将鼠抗丝素蛋白抗体和山羊抗兔IgG(H+L)抗体分别喷在硝酸纤维素薄膜上形成检测线和质控线。若检测线未显色,质控线显色,证明样品中不含有丝素蛋白;若检测线和质控线均显色,证明样品中含有丝素蛋白。本发明采用双抗夹心免疫胶体金层析技术的原理对古代丝织品进行了检测,一方面,灵敏度高,操作简单。另一方面,成本低,反应时间短,不需要专业人员操作,适合于考古现场检测。

Description

一种古代丝织品双抗夹心法检测试纸的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于古代丝织品痕迹的检测领域,尤其涉及一种快速检测古代丝织品的双抗夹心法检测试纸的制备方法。
背景技术
丝织品由蚕丝编织而成,是中华民族智慧的结晶,是我国的宝贵遗产。但是蚕丝作为一种有机高分子材料,长期埋葬于墓葬环境中,必然会受到氧气、水、微生物等因素的影响而发生降解,以至于外观严重受到破坏而腐朽,肉眼根本无法识别。常规的检测方法有红外光谱分析,氨基酸分析,液相色谱分析等,但是由于糟朽丝织品杂质含量多,谱图解析困难,耗时长,灵敏度低,并且不能排除其它蛋白质的干扰,给研究工作者带来了一定的困难。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:针对上述现有技术存在的问题提供一种快速、直观、简便的古代丝织品检测方法。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:一种古代丝织品双抗夹心法检测试纸的制备方法,其特征在于采用步骤如下:
A)金纳米粒子的制备:采用柠檬酸钠还原氯金酸的方法制备出粒径为25-50nm的金纳米粒子;即将100mL的质量浓度为0.01%的氯金酸溶液加热至沸腾,迅速加入1.0-1.5mL的质量浓度为1%的柠檬酸钠溶液,煮沸7-10min,溶液呈现出红色,即制得金纳米溶胶;
B)金标兔抗丝素蛋白抗体的制备:用0.1mol/L的K2CO3溶液将100mL的胶体金溶液调节pH至9.0,边搅拌边加入兔抗丝素蛋白抗体20-50μL,所述抗体浓度为3.15mg/mL;接着加入5mL的质量浓度为1%-10%的聚乙二醇20000溶液,室温下搅拌5min,然后在9000-11000r/min下离心40-60min,弃去上清液;将沉淀溶于0.01mol/L的pH为8.2的三羟甲基氨基甲烷缓冲液,即Tris-HCl缓冲液,所述Tris-HCl缓冲液中还含有质量浓度比例为0.15%的吐温-20、1%的牛血清蛋白、5%的蔗糖;于4℃下保存;
C)试纸条的组装:用喷膜机将5-20μL、用pH8.2的Tris-HCl溶液稀释100-400倍的鼠抗丝素蛋白抗体溶液和羊抗兔抗体溶液分别喷在长2.5cm、宽4mm的硝酸纤维素膜的检测线和质控线上,37℃烘干备用;将用质量浓度比例为0.15%的吐温-20、1%的牛血清蛋白、5%的蔗糖,pH为8.2的Tris-HCl溶液稀释10-20倍的金标记的兔抗丝素蛋白抗体包被在胶体金结合垫上,37℃烘干备用;将样品垫、胶体金结合垫、硝酸纤维素膜和吸水垫依次组装在PVC底板上,用切刀切割成4mm宽的试纸条,放入带干燥剂的铝箔袋中密封储存;
D)取1g纺织品痕迹样,溶解于50-100mL、pH为8.2的Tris-HCl溶液缓冲溶液中,搅拌均匀,2h后取一滴上清液滴在组装好的试纸条的样品垫上;5-10min后,检测线和质控线均显出红色,说明样品中含有丝素蛋白,该纺织品痕迹为丝织品的痕迹。
本发明采用免疫胶体金层析技术的原理来检测古代墓葬中丝织品的痕迹,即将胶体金标记的兔抗丝素蛋白抗体溶解在胶体金结合垫上,将鼠抗丝素蛋白抗体和山羊抗兔IgG(H+L)抗体分别喷在硝酸纤维素薄膜上形成检测线和质控线。样品加入样品吸收垫,样品中的液体首先溶解胶体金垫中含有的胶体金标记的兔抗丝素蛋白抗体,同时,样品中待测抗原与胶体金标记的兔抗丝素蛋白抗体结合,形成胶体金标记兔抗丝素蛋白抗体-抗原复合物,并靠毛细作用向检测线移动。样品经过检测线时,样品中抗原的未结合位点与硝酸纤维素膜上的鼠抗丝素蛋白抗体结合。若样品中含有抗原,胶体金标记的兔抗丝素蛋白抗体-抗原复合物就会在硝酸纤维素膜上聚集,检测线显出红色。胶体金标记的兔抗丝素蛋白抗体-抗原-鼠抗丝素蛋白抗体复合物经过质控线,与山羊抗兔IgG(H+L)抗体反应,胶体金标记的兔抗丝素蛋白抗体聚集在质控线上,显出红色。即若检测线未显色,质控线显色,证明样品中不含有丝素蛋白;若检测线和质控线均显色,证明样品中含有丝素蛋白。
本发明的有益效果是:采用双抗夹心免疫胶体金层析技术的原理对古代丝织品进行了检测,一方面,灵敏度高,操作简单。另一方面,成本低,反应时间短,不需要专业人员操作,适合于考古现场检测。
具体实施方式
实施例1采用步骤如下:
A)金纳米粒子的制备:采用柠檬酸钠还原氯金酸的方法制备出粒径为25nm的金纳米粒子;即将100mL的质量浓度为0.01%的氯金酸溶液加热至沸腾,迅速加入1.0mL的质量浓度为1%的柠檬酸钠溶液,煮沸7min,溶液呈现出红色,即制得金纳米溶胶;
B)金标兔抗丝素蛋白抗体的制备:用0.1mol/L的K2CO3溶液将100mL的胶体金溶液调节pH至9.0,边搅拌边加入兔抗丝素蛋白抗体20μL,所述抗体浓度为3.15mg/mL;接着加入5mL的质量浓度为1%的聚乙二醇20000溶液,室温下搅拌5min,然后在9000r/min下离心40min,弃去上清液;将沉淀溶于0.01mol/L的pH为8.2的三羟甲基氨基甲烷缓冲液,即Tris-HCl缓冲液,所述Tris-HCl缓冲液中还含有质量浓度比例为0.15%的吐温-20、1%的牛血清蛋白、5%的蔗糖;于4℃下保存;
C)试纸条的组装:用喷膜机将5μL、用pH8.2的Tris-HCl溶液稀释100倍的鼠抗丝素蛋白抗体溶液和羊抗兔抗体溶液分别喷在长2.5cm、宽4mm的硝酸纤维素膜的检测线和质控线上,37℃烘干备用;将用质量浓度比例为0.15%的吐温-20、1%的牛血清蛋白、5%的蔗糖,pH为8.2的Tris-HCl溶液稀释10倍的金标记的兔抗丝素蛋白抗体包被在胶体金结合垫上,37℃烘干备用;将样品垫、胶体金结合垫、硝酸纤维素膜和吸水垫依次组装在PVC底板上,用切刀切割成4mm宽的试纸条,放入带干燥剂的铝箔袋中密封储存;
D)取1g纺织品痕迹样,溶解于50mL、pH为8.2的Tris-HCl溶液缓冲溶液中,搅拌均匀,2h后取一滴上清液滴在组装好的试纸条的样品垫上;5min后,检测线和质控线均显出红色,说明样品中含有丝素蛋白,该纺织品痕迹为丝织品的痕迹。
实施例2采用步骤如下:
A)金纳米粒子的制备:采用柠檬酸钠还原氯金酸的方法制备出粒径为35nm的金纳米粒子;即将100mL的质量浓度为0.01%的氯金酸溶液加热至沸腾,迅速加入1.3mL的质量浓度为1%的柠檬酸钠溶液,煮沸8min,溶液呈现出红色,即制得金纳米溶胶;
B)金标兔抗丝素蛋白抗体的制备:用0.1mol/L的K2CO3溶液将100mL的胶体金溶液调节pH至9.0,边搅拌边加入兔抗丝素蛋白抗体30μL,所述抗体浓度为3.15mg/mL;接着加入5mL的质量浓度为5%的聚乙二醇20000溶液,室温下搅拌5min,然后在10000r/min下离心50min,弃去上清液;将沉淀溶于0.01mol/L的pH为8.2的三羟甲基氨基甲烷缓冲液,即Tris-HCl缓冲液,所述Tris-HCl缓冲液中还含有质量浓度比例为0.15%的吐温-20、1%的牛血清蛋白、5%的蔗糖;于4℃下保存;
C)试纸条的组装:用喷膜机将15μL、用pH8.2的Tris-HCl溶液稀释200倍的鼠抗丝素蛋白抗体溶液和羊抗兔抗体溶液分别喷在长2.5cm、宽4mm的硝酸纤维素膜的检测线和质控线上,37℃烘干备用;将用质量浓度比例为0.15%的吐温-20、1%的牛血清蛋白、5%的蔗糖,pH为8.2的Tris-HCl溶液稀释15倍的金标记的兔抗丝素蛋白抗体包被在胶体金结合垫上,37℃烘干备用;将样品垫、胶体金结合垫、硝酸纤维素膜和吸水垫依次组装在PVC底板上,用切刀切割成4mm宽的试纸条,放入带干燥剂的铝箔袋中密封储存;
D)取1g纺织品痕迹样,溶解于70mL、pH为8.2的Tris-HCl溶液缓冲溶液中,搅拌均匀,2h后取一滴上清液滴在组装好的试纸条的样品垫上;8min后,检测线和质控线均显出红色,说明样品中含有丝素蛋白,该纺织品痕迹为丝织品的痕迹。
实施例3采用步骤如下:
A)金纳米粒子的制备:采用柠檬酸钠还原氯金酸的方法制备出粒径为50nm的金纳米粒子;即将100mL的质量浓度为0.01%的氯金酸溶液加热至沸腾,迅速加入1.5mL的质量浓度为1%的柠檬酸钠溶液,煮沸10min,溶液呈现出红色,即制得金纳米溶胶;
B)金标兔抗丝素蛋白抗体的制备:用0.1mol/L的K2CO3溶液将100mL的胶体金溶液调节pH至9.0,边搅拌边加入兔抗丝素蛋白抗体50μL,所述抗体浓度为3.15mg/mL;接着加入5mL的质量浓度为10%的聚乙二醇20000溶液,室温下搅拌5min,然后在11000r/min下离心60min,弃去上清液;将沉淀溶于0.01mol/L的pH为8.2的三羟甲基氨基甲烷缓冲液,即Tris-HCl缓冲液,所述Tris-HCl缓冲液中还含有质量浓度比例为0.15%的吐温-20、1%的牛血清蛋白、5%的蔗糖;于4℃下保存;
C)试纸条的组装:用喷膜机将20μL、用pH8.2的Tris-HCl溶液稀释400倍的鼠抗丝素蛋白抗体溶液和羊抗兔抗体溶液分别喷在长2.5cm、宽4mm的硝酸纤维素膜的检测线和质控线上,37℃烘干备用;将用质量浓度比例为0.15%的吐温-20、1%的牛血清蛋白、5%的蔗糖,pH为8.2的Tris-HCl溶液稀释20倍的金标记的兔抗丝素蛋白抗体包被在胶体金结合垫上,37℃烘干备用;将样品垫、胶体金结合垫、硝酸纤维素膜和吸水垫依次组装在PVC底板上,用切刀切割成4mm宽的试纸条,放入带干燥剂的铝箔袋中密封储存;
D)取1g纺织品痕迹样,溶解于100mL、pH为8.2的Tris-HCl溶液缓冲溶液中,搅拌均匀,2h后取一滴上清液滴在组装好的试纸条的样品垫上;10min后,检测线和质控线均显出红色,说明样品中含有丝素蛋白,该纺织品痕迹为丝织品的痕迹。

Claims (1)

1.一种古代丝织品双抗夹心法检测试纸的制备方法,其特征在于采用步骤如下:
A)金纳米粒子的制备:采用柠檬酸钠还原氯金酸的方法制备出粒径为25-50nm的金纳米粒子;即将100mL的质量浓度为0.01%的氯金酸溶液加热至沸腾,迅速加入1.0-1.5mL的质量浓度为1%的柠檬酸钠溶液,煮沸7-10min,溶液呈现出红色,即制得金纳米溶胶;
B)金标兔抗丝素蛋白抗体的制备:用0.1mol/L的K2CO3溶液将100mL的胶体金溶液调节pH至9.0,边搅拌边加入兔抗丝素蛋白抗体20-50μL,所述抗体浓度为3.15mg/mL;接着加入5mL的质量浓度为1%-10%的聚乙二醇20000溶液,室温下搅拌5min,然后在9000-11000r/min下离心40-60min,弃去上清液;将沉淀溶于0.01mol/L的pH为8.2的三羟甲基氨基甲烷缓冲液,即Tris-HCl缓冲液,所述Tris-HCl缓冲液中还含有质量浓度比例为0.15%的吐温-20、1%的牛血清蛋白、5%的蔗糖;于4℃下保存;
C)试纸条的组装:用喷膜机将5-20μL、用pH8.2的Tris-HCl溶液稀释100-400倍的鼠抗丝素蛋白抗体溶液和羊抗兔抗体溶液分别喷在长2.5cm、宽4mm的硝酸纤维素膜的检测线和质控线上,37℃烘干备用;将用质量浓度比例为0.15%的吐温-20、1%的牛血清蛋白、5%的蔗糖,pH为8.2的Tris-HCl溶液稀释10-20倍的金标记的兔抗丝素蛋白抗体包被在胶体金结合垫上,37℃烘干备用;将样品垫、胶体金结合垫、硝酸纤维素膜和吸水垫依次组装在PVC底板上,用切刀切割成4mm宽的试纸条,放入带干燥剂的铝箔袋中密封储存;
D)取1g纺织品痕迹样,溶解于50-100mL、pH为8.2的Tris-HCl溶液缓冲溶液中,搅拌均匀,2h后取一滴上清液滴在组装好的试纸条的样品垫上;5-10min后,检测线和质控线均显出红色,说明样品中含有丝素蛋白,该纺织品痕迹为丝织品的痕迹。
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