CN104446917A - Matrix for solanaceous vegetable cultivation - Google Patents
Matrix for solanaceous vegetable cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104446917A CN104446917A CN201410646886.7A CN201410646886A CN104446917A CN 104446917 A CN104446917 A CN 104446917A CN 201410646886 A CN201410646886 A CN 201410646886A CN 104446917 A CN104446917 A CN 104446917A
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- solanaceous vegetables
- matrix
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- vermiculite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a matrix for solanaceous vegetable cultivation and belongs to the technical field of soilless culture. The matrix contains an organic mixture, which is prepared through fermenting vinegar residue and cassava residue, and auxiliaries, such as vermiculite and plant ash. The matrix contains the formulation components in percentage by volume: 50-70% of organic mixture, 15-25% of vermiculite and 15-25% of plant ash. According to the matrix, organic wastes, such as the vinegar residue and the cassava residue, are mainly taken as raw materials and are subjected to high-temperature decomposed fermentation, so as to prepare the soilless culture matrix for vegetables, so that the waste is changed into the valuable, and harmful substances are changed into favorable substances; the cost is low, the weight is light, and the nutrient is complete, so that the matrix is a good soilless culture matrix for solanaceous vegetables.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vegetable soilless culture matrix, particularly relate to a kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix, belong to cultivation technique without soil field.
Background technology
Soilless culture, refers to the method for carrying out arable farming and nursery without natural soil by matrix etc., is mainly used in gourd, fruit and vegetable or flower plants and nursery stock production, is the advanced cultivation technique of high yield and high quality that a water-saving economizes fertile saving of labor again.
Substrate culture is a kind of mode that in soilless culture, popularizing area is maximum.It is fixed in the matrix of organic or inorganic by the root system of crop, by the method for drip irrigation or trickle irrigation, and supply crop alimentary liquid.Current countries in the world great majority adopt gravel, sand, mud (grass) charcoal, vermiculite, perlite, rock wool, wood sawdust etc. as fixing matrix.
Along with applying of cultivation technique without soil, the demand of matrix is increasing, the enterprise specializing in matrix production also arises at the historic moment, the kind of matrix is also more and more abundanter, present sectionalization gradually, the development trend of customizations, current topmost matrix species is divided into seedling medium and cultivation matrix two kinds, seedling medium is divided into again the special seedling medium of vegetables, the special seedling medium of melon and fruit, the segmentation such as raising rice seedlings dedicated substrate and the special nursery of flower plants and nursery stock (cuttage) matrix type, seedling medium is the dedicated substrate according to root as vegetative organ required nutrition and physico chemical factor preparation, at present, the nutritious soil of most widely used soilless culture seedling medium in horticultural production, vermiculite, perlite, peat and water etc., and it is nutritious, taking root property is good, the solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix that surviving rate is high has not yet to see open report.
The tankage of acid-sludge (grain) Shi Zhi vinegar enterprise, account for greatly the 70-80% of vinegar raw material processed, be it be the residue filtered after vinegar fermentation processed by raw materials such as glutinous rice, wheat bran, rice chaffs, nutrition is also abundanter, owing to containing more organic acid and microorganism in fresh acid-sludge, not resistance toly to deposit, stored for a long time perishable rotten, contaminate environment; Add that its fibre content is many, energy efficiency is low, and EC value is high, and quantity is large, and tart flavour is dense, becomes the organic waste that Zhi Cu enterprise is difficult to digestion process.Manioc waste take cassava as the organic waste of waste alcohol.Permanent suitable vinegar industry is a large-scale Zhi Cu enterprise of Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, and annual production reaches 180,000 tons, and the quantum of output of acid-sludge is just more than 100,000 tons.Chinese patent CN 1394469A discloses the patent application scheme of Jiangsu University Li Ping duckweed " with vinegar grain for raw material production botanical seedling culturing and the matrix of cultivating and manufacture method ", and specifically disclose and add effective microbe, chicken manure and flyash with the vinegar of water content about 70% grain raw material, stir laggard row fermentation reactor system, and cover water-proof heat-insulation material.Chinese patent CN 101811911A discloses the patent application scheme that Zhenjiang Heng Xin fertilizer Science and Technology Ltd. leaf has big grade " a kind of greening matrix and production technique thereof utilizing the production of vinegar grain "; and specifically disclose with vinegar grain, plant ash as raw material; by fermentation; add 6-8% vermiculite again, the perlite of 10-15, the mushroom slag of 15-20% carry out Secondary Fermentation; obtain organic content and be not less than 50%, EC value 1-3, pH5.5-6.5; ventilative space 25%, the particle matrix in water holding space 50%.Document retrieval finds, the solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix being main material production with organic compound of acid-sludge, manioc waste fermentation is domestic there is not yet relevant report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical scheme of the solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix that a kind of organic compound fermented with acid-sludge, manioc waste is main raw material is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in the following ways:
A kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix, is characterized in that: this matrix comprises organic compound, vermiculite, plant ash.
Described organic compound be the organic waste such as acid-sludge, manioc waste become thoroughly decomposed by fermentation process mixture, acid-sludge, manioc waste volume ratio are 1:1-3.
This substrate formula volume components ratio is: organic compound 50-70%, vermiculite 15-25%, plant ash 15-25%.
This water content of substrate≤50%, organic content (butt)>=25%, total nutrient content 1-5%, unit weight 0.2-0.6g/cm
3, total porosity 60-80%, gas-water ratio 1:2-4, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) 1-3.5mS/cm, pH6.0-7.5.
Described fermentation maturity process carries out decomposition reactor system process with high temperature quick rotting agent to acid-sludge, manioc waste; The consumption of described high temperature quick rotting agent is that every 100m3 raw material adds quick rotting agent 13.5-20kg.
Described cultivation medium formula volume ratio is: organic compound 50%, vermiculite 25%, plant ash 25%.
Described cultivation medium formula volume ratio is: organic compound 60%, vermiculite 20%, plant ash 20%.
Described cultivation medium formula volume ratio is: organic compound 70%, vermiculite 15%, plant ash 15%.
This water content of substrate 35%, organic content (butt) 26%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total nutrient content 3.0%, unit weight 0.4g/cm
3, total porosity 70%, gas-water ratio 1:3, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) 2mS/cm, pH7.0.
Described total nutrient is N+P
2o
5+ K
2o; The described fermentative processing composting time is 30-50 days.
beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention is directed to the feature that acid-sludge organic acid content is high, use the higher plant ash of alkalescence to be auxiliary material, not only can reduce the potential of hydrogen of matrix, and plant ash potassium content is higher, also have abundant trace element, be well suited for solanaceous vegetables growth.
2, acid-sludge, manioc waste etc. are the organic wastes of light industry, and quantity is many, and purposes is few, for the production of soilless culture substrate, can reduce environmental pollution, turn waste into wealth, turn harm into good.
3, the solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix of the present invention's production, having loose ventilative, preserve moisture and fertility, can be widely used in the solanaceous vegetables cultivation of peasant household or cultivation field.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, illustrate the present invention further, this embodiment should be understood only be not used in for illustration of the present invention and limit the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, the amendment of those skilled in the art to the various equivalent form of value of the present invention has all fallen within the application's claims limited range.
embodiment 1:
A kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix, the main raw material of this matrix is the mixture after the fermentation of organic wastes such as acid-sludge, manioc waste, and the volume ratio of acid-sludge and manioc waste is 1:1.
The homemade organic materials high temperature quick rotting agent be made up of actinomycetes, yeast, milk-acid bacteria, genus bacillus etc. of prepared using carries out fermentation maturity process, quick rotting agent bacteria containing amount 1.5 hundred million units/gram, and wherein actinomycetes account for about 60%; Quick rotting agent consumption is that every 100m3 raw material adds quick rotting agent 15kg, fermentation time about 40 days, add the auxiliary material such as vermiculite, plant ash after the organic compound drying grinding and processing fermented, the preferred volume ratio of substrate formula is: organic compound 60%, vermiculite 20%, plant ash 20%.
Organic compound after fermentation maturity and drying, pulverizing, processing and auxiliary material are stirred in proportion, just forms the finished product matrix of solanaceous vegetables cultivation.This water content of substrate about 35%, organic content (butt) about 26%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total nutrient content about 3.0%, unit weight 0.4g/cm
3left and right, total porosity about 70%, about gas-water ratio 1:3, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) about about 2mS/cm, pH7.0.
embodiment 2:
A kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix, comprises organic compound, vermiculite, plant ash.
Described organic compound be the organic waste such as acid-sludge, manioc waste become thoroughly decomposed by fermentation process mixture, acid-sludge, manioc waste volume ratio are 1:1.5.
Described cultivation medium formula volume ratio is: organic compound 50%, vermiculite 25%, plant ash 25%.
The material that becomes thoroughly decomposed that described organic compound is acid-sludge, manioc waste mixture processes by fermentation; Described fermentative processing carries out decomposition reactor system process with high temperature quick rotting agent to acid-sludge, manioc waste; The consumption of described high temperature quick rotting agent is that every 100m3 raw material adds quick rotting agent 13.5kg; The fermentative processing composting time is 50 days.
This water content of substrate≤50%, organic content (butt)>=24%, total nutrient content 1%, unit weight 0.2g/cm
3, total porosity 60%, gas-water ratio 1:2, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) 1mS/cm, pH6.0.
embodiment 3:
A kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix, comprises organic compound and vermiculite, plant ash.
Described organic compound be the organic waste such as acid-sludge, manioc waste become thoroughly decomposed by fermentation process mixture, acid-sludge, manioc waste volume ratio are 1:3.
Described cultivation medium formula volume ratio is: organic compound 70%, vermiculite 15%, plant ash 15%.
The material that becomes thoroughly decomposed that described organic compound is acid-sludge, manioc waste mixture processes by fermentation; Described fermentative processing carries out decomposition reactor system process with high temperature quick rotting agent to acid-sludge, manioc waste; The consumption of described high temperature quick rotting agent is that every 100m3 raw material adds quick rotting agent 20kg; The fermentative processing composting time is 30 days.
This water content of substrate≤50%, organic content (butt)>=25%, total nutrient content about 5%, unit weight 0.6g/cm
3left and right, total porosity about 80%, about gas-water ratio 1:4, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) about 3.5mS/cm, pH7.5.
different cultivation matrix simultaneous test:
Adopt the cultivation matrix of embodiment 1 to be used for solanaceous vegetables cultivation, comparing other cultivation matrixes taking root on number and other physical and chemical indexs, comprising unit weight, porosity, pH value, water content, EC value, particle diameter etc. are applicable to the cultivation by setting seedlings of solanaceous vegetables all the most.
Test site: agricultural science and technology Demonstration Garden vegetable growing base, auspicious capital, Zhenjiang
Test materials: the solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix of different brands
Test method: the cultivation matrix using five kinds of brands, carry out the slot type cultivation of capsicum at identical conditions, correlation test data see attached list one.
The solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix Experimental Comparison table of subordinate list one different brands
Note: T1 is the solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix that the present invention researches and develops.
Table 1 can be found out, the solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix described in embodiment 1, and test index is all a little more than other 4 kinds of cultivation matrixes, and test shows, the solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix of embodiment 1 has good result of use.。
Claims (10)
1. a solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix, is characterized in that: this matrix comprises organic compound, vermiculite, plant ash.
2. a kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mixture of process that described organic compound is acid-sludge, manioc waste organic waste becomes thoroughly decomposed by fermentation, acid-sludge, manioc waste volume ratio are 1:1-3.
3. a kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: this substrate formula volume components ratio is: organic compound 50-70%, vermiculite 15-25%, plant ash 15-25%.
4. a kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this water content of substrate≤50%, organic content (butt)>=25%, total nutrient content 1-5%, unit weight 0.2-0.6g/cm
3, total porosity 60-80%, gas-water ratio 1:2-4, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) 1-3.5mS/cm, pH6.0-7.5.
5. a kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described fermentation maturity process carries out decomposition reactor system process with high temperature quick rotting agent to acid-sludge, manioc waste; The consumption of described high temperature quick rotting agent is that every 100m3 raw material adds quick rotting agent 13.5-20kg.
6. a kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cultivation medium formula volume ratio is: organic compound 50%, vermiculite 25%, plant ash 25%.
7. a kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cultivation medium formula volume ratio is: organic compound 60%, vermiculite 20%, plant ash 20%.
8. a kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cultivation medium formula volume ratio is: organic compound 70%, vermiculite 15%, plant ash 15%.
9. a kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this water content of substrate 35%, organic content (butt) 26%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total nutrient content 3.0%, unit weight 0.4g/cm
3, total porosity 70%, gas-water ratio 1:3, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) 2mS/cm, pH7.0.
10. a kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix according to claim 4 and 5, is characterized in that: described total nutrient is N+P
2o
5+ K
2o; The described fermentative processing composting time is 30-50 days.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410646886.7A CN104446917A (en) | 2014-11-16 | 2014-11-16 | Matrix for solanaceous vegetable cultivation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410646886.7A CN104446917A (en) | 2014-11-16 | 2014-11-16 | Matrix for solanaceous vegetable cultivation |
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|---|---|
| CN104446917A true CN104446917A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
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| CN201410646886.7A Pending CN104446917A (en) | 2014-11-16 | 2014-11-16 | Matrix for solanaceous vegetable cultivation |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106489698A (en) * | 2016-12-04 | 2017-03-15 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | A kind of Urban Balcony Vegetable culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN107827531A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-23 | 江苏培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | A kind of tomato organic farming composite interstitial substance |
| CN111149654A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-15 | 山东农业大学 | Culture medium taking cassava residues as raw materials and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02180781A (en) * | 1989-01-04 | 1990-07-13 | Taki Chem Co Ltd | Fertilizer for tobacco |
| CN102432394A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-05-02 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Seedling substrate for soilless culture for vegetables |
| CN102992840A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-03-27 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Special seedling medium for solanaceous vegetables |
| CN102992878A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-03-27 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Specific seedling substrate for Chinese cabbage, cabbage vegetables |
| CN102986513A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-03-27 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate for fruits and vegetables |
| CN103570475A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-12 | 南京农业大学 | Vegetable seedling raising nutritional matrix formula |
-
2014
- 2014-11-16 CN CN201410646886.7A patent/CN104446917A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02180781A (en) * | 1989-01-04 | 1990-07-13 | Taki Chem Co Ltd | Fertilizer for tobacco |
| CN102432394A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-05-02 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Seedling substrate for soilless culture for vegetables |
| CN102992840A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-03-27 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Special seedling medium for solanaceous vegetables |
| CN102992878A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-03-27 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Specific seedling substrate for Chinese cabbage, cabbage vegetables |
| CN102986513A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-03-27 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate for fruits and vegetables |
| CN103570475A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-12 | 南京农业大学 | Vegetable seedling raising nutritional matrix formula |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106489698A (en) * | 2016-12-04 | 2017-03-15 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | A kind of Urban Balcony Vegetable culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN107827531A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-23 | 江苏培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | A kind of tomato organic farming composite interstitial substance |
| CN111149654A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-15 | 山东农业大学 | Culture medium taking cassava residues as raw materials and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150325 |