CN104387186A - Soilless culture substrate for leaf vegetables - Google Patents
Soilless culture substrate for leaf vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN104387186A CN104387186A CN201410646862.1A CN201410646862A CN104387186A CN 104387186 A CN104387186 A CN 104387186A CN 201410646862 A CN201410646862 A CN 201410646862A CN 104387186 A CN104387186 A CN 104387186A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- soilless culture
- leaf vegetables
- vermiculite
- matrix according
- organic compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soilless culture substrate for leaf vegetables, belonging to the technical field of soilless culture. The substrate comprises an organic mixture obtained by carrying out fermentation treatment on vinegar residues and cassava residues and also comprises auxiliary materials such as vermiculite and plant ash, and all the components are selected according to the volume ratio in a formula as follows: 55-75% of the organic mixture, 10-20% of the vermiculite and 15-25% of the plant ash. The soilless culture substrate for vegetables is produced from main raw materials, namely organic wastes such as the vinegar residues and the cassava residues through high-temperature composting and fermentation treatment, so that the aims of changing waste materials into things of value and turning a disadvantage into an advantage are achieved. In addition, the soilless culture substrate is low in cost, light in texture and complete in nutrient so as to be a favorable soilless culture substrate for leaf vegetables.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vegetables without native soilless culture substrate, particularly relate to a kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix, belong to cultivation technique without soil field.
Background technology
Soilless culture, refers to the method for carrying out arable farming and nursery without natural soil by matrix etc., is mainly used in gourd, fruit and vegetable or flower plants and nursery stock production, is the advanced cultivation technique of high yield and high quality that a water-saving economizes fertile saving of labor again.
Substrate culture is a kind of mode that in soilless culture, popularizing area is maximum.It is fixed in the matrix of organic or inorganic by the root system of crop, by the method for drip irrigation or trickle irrigation, and supply crop alimentary liquid.Current countries in the world great majority adopt gravel, sand, mud (grass) charcoal, vermiculite, perlite, rock wool, wood sawdust etc. as fixing matrix.
Along with applying of cultivation technique without soil, the demand of matrix is increasing, the enterprise specializing in matrix production also arises at the historic moment, the kind of matrix is also more and more abundanter, present the development trend of sectionalization, customizations gradually, current topmost matrix species is divided into seedling medium and soilless culture substrate two kinds, at present, the nutritious soil of most widely used soilless culture substrate, vermiculite, perlite, peat and water etc. in horticultural production, and nutritious, that taking root property good, surviving rate is high soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix has not yet to see open report.
The tankage of acid-sludge (grain) Shi Zhi vinegar enterprise, account for greatly the 70-80% of vinegar raw material processed, be it be the residue filtered after vinegar fermentation processed by raw materials such as glutinous rice, wheat bran, rice chaffs, nutrition is also abundanter, owing to containing more organic acid and microorganism in fresh acid-sludge, not resistance toly to deposit, stored for a long time perishable rotten, contaminate environment; Add that its fibre content is many, energy efficiency is low, and EC value is high, and quantity is large, and tart flavour is dense, becomes the organic waste that Zhi Cu enterprise is difficult to digestion process.Manioc waste take cassava as the organic waste of waste alcohol.Permanent suitable vinegar industry is a large-scale Zhi Cu enterprise of Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, and annual production reaches 180,000 tons, and the quantum of output of acid-sludge is just more than 100,000 tons.Chinese patent CN 1394469A discloses the patent application scheme of Jiangsu University Li Ping duckweed " with vinegar grain for raw material production botanical seedling culturing and the matrix of cultivating and manufacture method ", and specifically disclose and add effective microbe, chicken manure and flyash with the vinegar of water content about 70% grain raw material, stir laggard row fermentation reactor system, and cover water-proof heat-insulation material.Chinese patent CN 101811911A discloses the patent application scheme that Zhenjiang Heng Xin fertilizer Science and Technology Ltd. leaf has big grade " a kind of greening matrix and production technique thereof utilizing the production of vinegar grain "; and specifically disclose with vinegar grain, plant ash as raw material; by fermentation; add 6-8% vermiculite again, the perlite of 10-15, the mushroom slag of 15-20% carry out Secondary Fermentation; obtain organic content and be not less than 50%, EC value 1-3, pH5.5-6.5; ventilative space 25%, the particle matrix in water holding space 50%.Document retrieval finds, the soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix being main material production with organic compound of acid-sludge, manioc waste fermentation is domestic there is not yet relevant report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical scheme of the soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix that a kind of organic compound fermented with acid-sludge, manioc waste is main raw material is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in the following ways:
A kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix, is characterized in that: this matrix comprises organic compound, vermiculite, plant ash.
Described organic compound be the organic waste such as acid-sludge, manioc waste become thoroughly decomposed by fermentation process mixture, acid-sludge, manioc waste volume ratio are 1:1-3.
This substrate formula volume components ratio is: organic compound 55-75%, vermiculite 10-20%, plant ash 15-25%.
This water content of substrate≤50%, organic content (butt)>=25%, total nutrient content 1-5%, unit weight 0.2-0.6g/cm
3, total porosity 60-80%, gas-water ratio 1:2-4, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) 1-3.5mS/cm, pH6.0-7.5.
Described fermentation maturity process carries out decomposition reactor system process with high temperature quick rotting agent to acid-sludge, manioc waste; The consumption of described high temperature quick rotting agent is that every 100m3 raw material adds quick rotting agent 13.5-20kg.
Described soilless culture substrate formula volume ratio is: organic compound 55%, vermiculite 20%, plant ash 25%.
Described soilless culture substrate formula volume ratio is: organic compound 60%, vermiculite 20%, plant ash 20%.
Described soilless culture substrate formula volume ratio is: organic compound 75%, vermiculite 10%, plant ash 15%.
This water content of substrate 35%, organic content (butt) 26%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total nutrient content 3.0%, unit weight 0.4g/cm
3, total porosity 70%, gas-water ratio 1:3, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) 2mS/cm, pH7.0.
Described total nutrient is N+P
2o
5+ K
2o; The described fermentative processing composting time is 40-70 days.
beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention is directed to the feature that acid-sludge organic acid content is high, use the higher plant ash of alkalescence to be auxiliary material, not only can reduce the potential of hydrogen of matrix, and plant ash potassium content is higher, also have abundant trace element, be well suited for leaf vegetables growth.
2, acid-sludge, manioc waste etc. are the organic wastes of light industry, and quantity is many, and purposes is few, for the production of without native soilless culture substrate, can reduce environmental pollution, turn waste into wealth, turn harm into good.
3, the soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix of the present invention's production, having loose ventilative, preserve moisture and fertility, can be widely used in the soilless culture of leaf vegetables of peasant household or cultivation field.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, illustrate the present invention further, this embodiment should be understood only be not used in for illustration of the present invention and limit the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, the amendment of those skilled in the art to the various equivalent form of value of the present invention has all fallen within the application's claims limited range.
embodiment 1:
A kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix, the main raw material of this matrix is the mixture after the fermentation of organic wastes such as acid-sludge, manioc waste, and the volume ratio of acid-sludge and manioc waste is 1:1.
The homemade organic materials high temperature quick rotting agent be made up of actinomycetes, yeast, milk-acid bacteria, genus bacillus etc. of prepared using carries out fermentation maturity process, quick rotting agent bacteria containing amount 1.5 hundred million units/gram, and wherein actinomycetes account for about 60%; Quick rotting agent consumption is that every 100m3 raw material adds quick rotting agent 15kg, fermentation time about 55 days, add the auxiliary material such as vermiculite, plant ash after the organic compound drying grinding and processing fermented, the preferred volume ratio of substrate formula is: organic compound 60%, vermiculite 20%, plant ash 20%.
Organic compound after fermentation maturity and drying, pulverizing, processing and auxiliary material are stirred in proportion, just forms the finished product matrix of leaf vegetables cultivation.This water content of substrate about 35%, organic content (butt) about 26%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total nutrient content about 3.0%, unit weight 0.4g/cm
3left and right, total porosity about 70%, about gas-water ratio 1:3, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) about about 2mS/cm, pH7.0.
embodiment 2:
A kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix, comprises organic compound, vermiculite, plant ash.
Described organic compound be the organic waste such as acid-sludge, manioc waste become thoroughly decomposed by fermentation process mixture, acid-sludge, manioc waste volume ratio are 1:2.
Described soilless culture substrate formula volume ratio is: organic compound 55%, vermiculite 20%, plant ash 25%.
The material that becomes thoroughly decomposed that described organic compound is acid-sludge, manioc waste mixture processes by fermentation; Described fermentative processing carries out decomposition reactor system process with high temperature quick rotting agent to acid-sludge, manioc waste; The consumption of described high temperature quick rotting agent is that every 100m3 raw material adds quick rotting agent 13.5kg; The fermentative processing composting time is 70 days.
This water content of substrate≤50%, organic content (butt)>=24%, total nutrient content 1%, unit weight 0.2g/cm
3, total porosity 60%, gas-water ratio 1:2, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) 1mS/cm, pH6.0.
embodiment 3:
A kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix, comprises organic compound and vermiculite, plant ash.
Described organic compound be the organic waste such as acid-sludge, manioc waste become thoroughly decomposed by fermentation process mixture, acid-sludge, manioc waste volume ratio are 1:3.
Described soilless culture substrate formula volume ratio is: organic compound 75%, vermiculite 10%, plant ash 15%.
The material that becomes thoroughly decomposed that described organic compound is acid-sludge, manioc waste mixture processes by fermentation; Described fermentative processing carries out decomposition reactor system process with high temperature quick rotting agent to acid-sludge, manioc waste; The consumption of described high temperature quick rotting agent is that every 100m3 raw material adds quick rotting agent 20kg; The fermentative processing composting time is 40 days.
This water content of substrate≤50%, organic content (butt)>=25%, total nutrient content about 5%, unit weight 0.6g/cm
3left and right, total porosity about 80%, about gas-water ratio 1:4, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) about 3.5mS/cm, pH7.5.
different soilless culture substrate simultaneous test:
The soilless culture substrate of embodiment 1 is adopted to be used for leaf vegetables cultivation, comparing other soilless culture substrates is taking root on number and other physical and chemical indexs, comprise unit weight, porosity, pH value, water content, EC value, particle diameter etc. are applicable to the cultivation by setting seedlings of leaf vegetables all the most.
Test kind: Chinese cabbage
Test site: agricultural science and technology Demonstration Garden vegetable growing base, auspicious capital, Zhenjiang
Test materials: the soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix of different brands
Test method: the soilless culture substrate using five kinds of brands, carry out the slot type cultivation of Chinese cabbage at identical conditions, correlation test data see attached list one.
Subordinate list one: the soilless culture of leaf vegetables based assays contrast table of different brands
Note: T2 is the leaf vegetables soilless culture substrate that the present invention researches and develops.
Table 1 can be found out, the soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix described in embodiment 1, and test index of correlation is all a little more than other 4 kinds of soilless culture substrates, and test shows, the soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix of embodiment 1 has good result of use.
Claims (10)
1. a soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix, is characterized in that: this matrix comprises organic compound, vermiculite, plant ash.
2. a kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mixture of process that described organic compound is acid-sludge, manioc waste organic waste becomes thoroughly decomposed by fermentation, acid-sludge, manioc waste volume ratio are 1:1-3.
3. a kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: this substrate formula volume components ratio is: organic compound 55-75%, vermiculite 10-20%, plant ash 15-25%.
4. a kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this water content of substrate≤50%, organic content (butt)>=25%, total nutrient content 1-5%, unit weight 0.2-0.6g/cm
3, total porosity 60-80%, gas-water ratio 1:2-4, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) 1-3.5mS/cm, pH6.0-7.5.
5. a kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described fermentation maturity process carries out decomposition reactor system process with high temperature quick rotting agent to acid-sludge, manioc waste; The consumption of described high temperature quick rotting agent is that every 100m3 raw material adds quick rotting agent 13.5-20kg.
6. a kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described soilless culture substrate formula volume ratio is: organic compound 55%, vermiculite 20%, plant ash 25%.
7. a kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described soilless culture substrate formula volume ratio is: organic compound 60%, vermiculite 20%, plant ash 20%.
8. a kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described soilless culture substrate formula volume ratio is: organic compound 75%, vermiculite 10%, plant ash 15%.
9. a kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this water content of substrate 35%, organic content (butt) 26%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total nutrient content 3.0%, unit weight 0.4g/cm
3, total porosity 70%, gas-water ratio 1:3, EC value (1:5 lixiviate) 2mS/cm, pH7.0.
10. a kind of soilless culture of leaf vegetables matrix according to claim 4 and 5, is characterized in that: described total nutrient is N+P
2o
5+ K
2o; The described fermentative processing composting time is 40-70 days.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410646862.1A CN104387186A (en) | 2014-11-16 | 2014-11-16 | Soilless culture substrate for leaf vegetables |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410646862.1A CN104387186A (en) | 2014-11-16 | 2014-11-16 | Soilless culture substrate for leaf vegetables |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104387186A true CN104387186A (en) | 2015-03-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410646862.1A Pending CN104387186A (en) | 2014-11-16 | 2014-11-16 | Soilless culture substrate for leaf vegetables |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105085010A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽博发文化生态园有限公司 | Substrate for soilless culture of melons, fruits and vegetables |
| CN105660332A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-15 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Cauliflower organic soilless seedling-raising matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN105684846A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-22 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Organic soilless culture sprout cultivating matrix of mesembryanthemum crystallinum and preparation method of matrix |
| CN107827531A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-23 | 江苏培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | A kind of tomato organic farming composite interstitial substance |
| CN112021136A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-04 | 和县德生农业发展有限公司 | Leaf vegetable industrial production matrix and preparation method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030141245A1 (en) * | 2001-02-15 | 2003-07-31 | Fetterman Lewis M. | Method for the treatment of animal waste and products made therefrom |
| CN102432394A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-05-02 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Soilless culture seedling culture substrate for vegetables |
| CN102992878A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-03-27 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Specific seedling substrate for Chinese cabbage, cabbage vegetables |
| CN102986513A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-03-27 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate for fruits and vegetables |
| CN103058729A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-04-24 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Special seedling-raising medium for leaf vegetables |
-
2014
- 2014-11-16 CN CN201410646862.1A patent/CN104387186A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030141245A1 (en) * | 2001-02-15 | 2003-07-31 | Fetterman Lewis M. | Method for the treatment of animal waste and products made therefrom |
| CN102432394A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-05-02 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Soilless culture seedling culture substrate for vegetables |
| CN102992878A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-03-27 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Specific seedling substrate for Chinese cabbage, cabbage vegetables |
| CN102986513A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-03-27 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate for fruits and vegetables |
| CN103058729A (en) * | 2012-10-21 | 2013-04-24 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Special seedling-raising medium for leaf vegetables |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105085010A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽博发文化生态园有限公司 | Substrate for soilless culture of melons, fruits and vegetables |
| CN105660332A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-15 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Cauliflower organic soilless seedling-raising matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN105684846A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-22 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Organic soilless culture sprout cultivating matrix of mesembryanthemum crystallinum and preparation method of matrix |
| CN107827531A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-23 | 江苏培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | A kind of tomato organic farming composite interstitial substance |
| CN112021136A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-04 | 和县德生农业发展有限公司 | Leaf vegetable industrial production matrix and preparation method thereof |
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